CN112242037A - Reconfigurable fire-fighting information sensing system - Google Patents
Reconfigurable fire-fighting information sensing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112242037A CN112242037A CN201910650060.0A CN201910650060A CN112242037A CN 112242037 A CN112242037 A CN 112242037A CN 201910650060 A CN201910650060 A CN 201910650060A CN 112242037 A CN112242037 A CN 112242037A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/06—Electric actuation of the alarm, e.g. using a thermally-operated switch
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
- G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
- G08B25/10—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using wireless transmission systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B7/00—Signalling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00; Personal calling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00
- G08B7/06—Signalling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00; Personal calling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00 using electric transmission, e.g. involving audible and visible signalling through the use of sound and light sources
- G08B7/062—Signalling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00; Personal calling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00 using electric transmission, e.g. involving audible and visible signalling through the use of sound and light sources indicating emergency exits
Abstract
The invention provides a reconfigurable fire-fighting information sensing system, wherein a plurality of wireless sensing terminals, a plurality of wireless indicating terminals and a communication concentrator are arranged in each defense area, the communication concentrator is connected with a monitoring host, each wireless sensing terminal, each wireless indicating terminal and each communication concentrator in the defense area are respectively provided with a sensing network wireless module to form a wireless sensing network, information exchange is carried out between the terminals through the wireless sensing network, when the monitoring host can be connected, information interaction between each defense area and the monitoring host is realized through the communication concentrator, if the communication concentrator in any defense area is disconnected from the monitoring host, the defense area information can be transmitted to other similar defense areas through the wireless sensing network, and the information interaction with the monitoring host is realized through the similar defense areas, when the monitoring host is completely disconnected, the wireless sensing terminals of each defense area take over the monitoring host, the distributed control is realized for the defense area, and the fire-fighting system is prevented from being in a paralyzed state after the monitoring host is disconnected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fire safety, in particular to a reliable fire information sensing system.
Background
The fire hazard is one of main disasters threatening public safety and social development, along with the development of social economy, the requirements of people on fire safety are higher and higher, and a fire-fighting system mainly comprises a fire alarm system, a fire-extinguishing system, an emergency broadcasting lighting system, a fire-preventing separation facility, a safe evacuation facility and the like. The existing fire alarm system generally adopts a smoke sensor and a temperature sensor for detection, sends alarm information to a monitoring host through a public network or a private network, and adopts an emergency evacuation indicator lamp to guide a fixed evacuation direction. The existing fire alarm and evacuation system has the following defects:
(1) each associated device transmits the monitored alarm information to a monitoring host through a public network or a private network, and the monitoring host controls the fire-fighting evacuation work of each defense area in a centralized manner, but when a dangerous situation occurs, the public network or the private network can be damaged to prevent the transmission of signals, and the monitoring host cannot acquire fire information in each defense area and cannot guide evacuation rescue work, so that the whole fire alarm system is in a paralyzed state, and great potential safety hazards are caused;
(2) the existing fire alarm device usually detects physical signals related to the temperature, smoke concentration and the like of a fire by a sensor element, and automatically sends out alarm signals after being distinguished by the alarm device, however, the working state of the existing fire alarm device depends on the sensitivity of the sensor to a great extent, and the smoke sensor only provides instant alarm signals according to data at a certain moment for a long time, and cannot continuously obtain smoke concentration measured values of the sensor, so that the sensor is prone to false alarm when being interfered by other signals (such as smoke generated by smoking) which occasionally appear; the real-time monitoring of fire-fighting data cannot be realized, the severity of the disaster cannot be known, and necessary information is provided for fire rescue; meanwhile, fire fighters cannot provide early warning information according to the change trend of the smoke concentration, and take measures as early as possible.
(3) The existing safe evacuation channels are mostly stairs, people are mostly evacuated spontaneously by indicators such as escape indicator lamps or indication boards in the safe evacuation channels during evacuation, the evacuation channels are fixed, congestion and casualties are easily caused, the fire severity of each floor area of a building is different, the existing fire-fighting evacuation system cannot indicate the optimal evacuation route according to the actual disaster situation of each position in the building, and the evacuation efficiency of trapped people cannot be improved.
(4) When fire fighters are rescued in case of fire, the number of trapped people in a fire scene is generally confirmed according to feedback information of residents or managers on the scene, and the specific distribution condition of the staff on the fire scene cannot be provided in the prior art, so that the firefighters cannot timely and accurately perform rescue work according to obtained accurate information, and precious rescue time is wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a reliable and comprehensive fire-fighting information sensing system, wherein a plurality of defense areas are arranged in the fire-fighting information sensing system. In the invention, each defense area is divided by a single room or common areas such as stairs, corridors and the like, for example, a certain room, a certain set of rooms, a section of corridor or a floor of stairs can be used as a defense area. By arranging a wireless network connection mode in each defense area, when a dangerous case occurs and certain sensor terminals such as smoke sensors or temperature sensors cannot be connected with public networks such as broadband and mobile networks, or monitoring hosts cannot be connected with the public networks or private networks, local fire-fighting information local area networks can be formed among each defense area and each defense area through the wireless modules of the sensor networks of the fire-fighting related equipment in each defense area to guide evacuation work of each defense area, the possibility of breakdown of a fire-fighting system caused by fire is avoided, and reliability is improved; in addition, the fire fighting data is acquired or monitored in real time through the sensor terminals such as the smoke sensor, so that whether a fire happens or not can be judged according to the change trend of the fire fighting data such as smoke concentration, and the possibility of false alarm and missed alarm is reduced; meanwhile, the change trend of the fire can be judged according to the change trend of the related fire-fighting data when the fire really happens.
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a reconfigurable fire-fighting information sensing system, wherein each defense area in a building is provided with a plurality of wireless sensing terminals, a plurality of wireless indicating terminals and a communication concentrator, and the communication concentrator is connected with a monitoring host computer through a public network or a private network. And each wireless sensing terminal, each wireless indicating terminal and each communication concentrator in each defense area are internally provided with a sensing network wireless module, and through the sensing network wireless modules, data transmission can be carried out between the wireless sensing terminals and the wireless indicating terminals in each defense area, between the wireless sensing terminals and the communication concentrators, between the wireless indicating terminals and the communication concentrators, and information interaction can also be carried out between the defense areas.
The reconfigurable fire-fighting information sensing system comprises a network reconfiguration under the following conditions, wherein under the condition that a public network or a private network is available, namely when each defense area can be connected with a monitoring host through a communication concentrator, the defense areas can transmit sensing data of each sensor in the defense area to the monitoring host through the communication concentrator in the defense area, the monitoring host is used for uniformly controlling the monitoring host, if the communication between the communication concentrator in any defense area and the monitoring host is interrupted (at least one communication concentrator in the defense area can be connected with the monitoring host), a first wireless sensing terminal in the defense area with interrupted communication can transmit the sensing data monitored by the sensor in the defense area to a second wireless sensing terminal in the defense area capable of realizing the communication with the monitoring host in the periphery in a wireless mode, or can indirectly transmit the sensing data to a third wireless sensing terminal or a fourth wireless sensing terminal in other defense areas, The wireless sensing terminals in other defense areas transmit the sensing data to a second wireless sensing terminal, and the second wireless sensing terminal of the defense area can connect the sensing data of the second wireless sensing terminal and the sensing data of the communication interruption defense area with a monitoring host through a communication concentrator of the defense area; when any wireless sensing terminal loses the connection with the monitoring host, the fire-fighting sensing system can be connected with the wireless sensing terminals of the surrounding or adjacent defense areas to finally realize the reconnection with the monitoring host, so that the reliability of the fire-fighting system is improved; if the public network or the private network is completely disconnected, namely, when the communication concentrator of all or part of the defense areas under the control of the monitoring host cannot communicate with the monitoring host, each defense area can further form a local wireless local area network through a wireless module of the sensing network of each defense area, a wireless sensing terminal in each defense area replaces the monitoring host to control the defense area according to the sensing data of the wireless sensing terminal and the information interacted with the surrounding wireless sensing terminals, specifically, a sensing processor in the wireless sensing terminal in each defense area processes all the monitored and interacted sensing data to generate an indication command and sends the indication command to a wireless indication terminal in a wireless mode, and the indication processor in the wireless indication terminal controls an indicator to work after receiving the indication command. Therefore, when reconnection with the monitoring host cannot be achieved finally, the fire-fighting sensing system can also achieve local fire-fighting information local area network reformation through information interaction between wireless sensing terminals of all defense areas in the fire-fighting sensing system, so that evacuation work of all defense areas is guided, the possibility that the fire-fighting system is paralyzed once the connection of the monitoring host is interrupted is avoided, and the reliability is further improved.
When the wireless sensing terminals in each defense area cannot be connected with the monitoring host, the wireless sensing terminals can also be added into the local fire-fighting information local area network through the wireless signals of the wireless sensing network wireless modules of the wireless sensing terminals by portable electronic terminal equipment such as a mobile phone and a tablet personal computer, so that the control of the relevant defense area is realized again, and the reliability is further improved. Of course, the portable electronic terminal device can be connected to the fire-fighting information sensing system at any other time to control the fire-fighting system.
The wireless sensor terminal comprises a plurality of sensors, a sensing processor and a sensing network wireless module, the wireless indication terminal comprises a plurality of indicators, an indication processor and a sensing network wireless module, and the communication concentrator comprises a communication module, a communication processor and a sensing network wireless module. In case a public or private network is available, i.e. the communication hub is able to connect to a monitoring host, the wireless sensing terminals of all the defense areas send the sensing data monitored by all the sensors to the sensing processor, the sensing processor processes the sensing data and transmits the sensing data to the communication concentrator in a wireless mode through the wireless unit of the sensing network, the communication processor in the communication concentrator transmits the sensing data to the monitoring host computer through the communication module, the monitoring host computer generates an indication command according to the received sensing data and transmits the indication command back to the communication concentrator through the original path, a communication processor within the communication hub wirelessly transmits an indication command to the sensing processor, the sensing processor wirelessly transmits an instruction command to an instruction processor in the wireless processing terminal, the indication processor controls the indicator to guide the fire-fighting evacuation work according to the received indication command.
In addition, in the reconfigurable fire information sensing system provided by the invention, a plurality of wireless beepers are also arranged in each defense area, each wireless beeper comprises a calling button, a calling processor and a sensing network wireless module which are sequentially connected, and the communication with the communication concentrator and the wireless sensing terminal is realized through the sensing network wireless module. When the monitoring host can be contacted, the wireless caller transmits calling information to a wireless sensing terminal in a local defense area, the wireless sensing terminal transmits the calling information to the communication concentrator, or the wireless caller directly transmits the information to the communication concentrator, the calling information is transmitted to the monitoring host through the communication concentrator, and the monitoring host receives any one or more information such as the information of whether trapped persons exist, the position and the number of people according to the calling information, so that rescue personnel can conveniently carry out rescue; when any communication concentrator in the fire-fighting sensing system cannot be connected with the monitoring host, the wireless calling device is connected with the wireless sensing terminals in the surrounding or adjacent defense areas through the wireless sensing terminals in the defense areas to finally realize reconnection with the monitoring host, the calling information in the defense areas is transmitted to the wireless sensing terminals in the other defense areas and is transmitted to the monitoring host through the communication concentrators in the defense areas, when all the defense areas cannot be connected with the monitoring host, the wireless calling device transmits the calling information to the wireless sensing terminals in the defense areas and the sensor processors in the wireless sensing terminals to process the information of trapped persons to form control instructions, and when the wireless sensing terminals in the defense areas are damaged, the information can be transmitted to the wireless sensing terminals in other defense areas, and the wireless sensing terminals of other defense areas realize control, so that the reliability and novelty of the whole fire fighting system are further ensured, and the success rate of rescue is improved.
Preferably, the sensor in the wireless sensing terminal comprises one or more of a smoke sensor, a combustible gas detector, a temperature sensor and a human body detector, and the human body detector is used for detecting whether trapped people exist in the local defense area and feeding back information of whether the trapped people exist to the monitoring host.
The communication hub realizes communication information exchange with the remote monitoring host through the communication module.
The indicator in the wireless indication terminal comprises an escape direction indicator light and/or a loudspeaker, the escape direction indicator light and the loudspeaker are respectively connected with the indication processor, and the escape direction indicator light and the loudspeaker change the escape direction and guide evacuation work by voice according to the indication command received in the indication processor. The escape indication lamps in the plurality of defense areas indicate escape directions according to the received indications, the routes indicated by all the indication lamps can finally form the optimal evacuation route to guide the trapped people to escape, the evacuation route can be timely adjusted according to the actual disaster condition through the indication mode, the escape route and time are reduced, and the escape probability is increased.
More preferably, the smoke sensor of the invention can monitor the smoke concentration value in the defense area continuously or at regular intervals and transmit the collected smoke concentration value in the defense area continuously to the outside, and the alarm does not judge whether to alarm according to the smoke concentration value at a certain moment but judges whether to alarm according to the smoke concentration value in a period of time, unlike the prior art that the smoke sensor can only detect the instantaneous value of smoke in the defense area, and the smoke sensor can not send a specific smoke concentration value to the outside. The smoke sensor comprises an optical maze, a smoke chamber arranged in the optical maze, a light emitting diode and a photodiode, wherein an included angle is formed between the light emitting diode and the photodiode, so that no light or a small amount of light emitted by the light emitting diode can reach the photodiode when no smoke enters the smoke chamber, the specific working principle is that a sensing processor in a wireless sensing terminal drives the light emitting diode in the smoke sensor to emit light at intervals of a period of time delta t, voltage signals generated by the photodiode at the moment are transmitted to the sensing processor, the sensing processor converts the voltage signals to obtain corresponding smoke concentration values, the corresponding smoke concentration values are transmitted to a monitoring host through a sensing network wireless module to be analyzed, and the smoke concentration values in each defense area are discontinuously and continuously monitored through the smoke concentration values transmitted by the wireless sensing terminal at intervals of delta t, the method can provide a basis for analyzing the severity of the disaster and early warning, and can also avoid the occurrence of false alarm caused by interference of other factors; it can be understood that the light emitting diode can also be in a light emitting state all the time, and continuously sends light to the photodiode side, and the photodiode collects data at intervals, and sends the data to the monitoring host computer for analysis after signal conversion to obtain a corresponding smoke concentration value.
When being provided with human body detector in the wireless sensing terminal in the defence area, still be provided with human response lamp in this defence area, human response lamp disposes sensing network wireless module and response lamp treater, with wireless sensing terminal links to each other, detects that this defence area has the man-hour to send the signal for response lamp treater through wireless sensing network when human body detector, response lamp treater control human response lamp shows someone, and convenient monitoring host computer or external rescue personnel know this defence area personnel information. The human body induction lamp can have two modes: one is that at any time, as long as the human body detector detects that the person exists in the defense area, the person is displayed; yet another mode is: only after the wireless sensing terminal gives an alarm, whether a person is present is displayed. The second mode can reduce energy consumption and avoid the induction lamp lighting when a fire disaster does not happen normally. The human body induction lamp can be arranged at places such as windows and door heads of related defense areas and the like which are easy to find by the outside, and rescue workers can conveniently acquire related information when a fire disaster happens. The human body induction lamp light source is red light or yellow light, and the light sources can easily penetrate through a dense fog or smoke area, so that rescuers can observe the light sources conveniently, and the rescue probability of trapped people is increased.
When a combustible gas detector is arranged in a wireless sensing terminal in a defense area, a buzzer is correspondingly arranged in the wireless indicating terminal, and when the combustible gas detector monitors that the concentration of the combustible gas in the defense area exceeds a certain threshold value, the buzzer makes an alarm sound.
The indicator lamp in the indicator in the wireless indicator terminal comprises at least one of an evacuation route indicator lamp in a corridor and a human body induction lamp for displaying whether people exist in each defense area; the evacuation route indicator lamps in the corridor are LED color indicator lamps with arrows, the plurality of evacuation route indicator lamps in the plurality of defense areas can form an optimal evacuation route to indicate evacuation, and different modes can be set: the light-on part at night is a safe evacuation channel, the light-off part is a dangerous area, the light-on part at green in the daytime is a safe evacuation channel, and the light-on part at red is a dangerous area; when being provided with human body detector in the wireless sensing terminal, can set up human response lamp in the wireless indication terminal, this defence area personnel information is known to more generous rescue personnel of convenience.
The reconfigurable fire-fighting information sensing system provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method has a network reconfiguration function. When the wireless sensor terminal can be normally connected to the monitoring host, the sensing information of the wireless sensor terminal is sent to the monitoring host, the monitoring host performs centralized control, even if the communication between a defense area and the monitoring host is interrupted, the sensing information in the interrupted defense area can also be wirelessly transmitted to other defense areas, and the sensing information is transmitted to the monitoring host by the other defense areas; when the fire-fighting alarm system cannot be connected to the monitoring host, namely, when all the defense areas cannot realize communication with the monitoring host, each defense area is self-organized to form a local fire-fighting information local area network by relying on the wireless module of the sensor network of the defense area, the wireless sensor terminal in the defense area replaces the position of the monitoring host, not only can the sensing information be monitored, but also the sensing information can be processed to form a control instruction to guide the fire-fighting evacuation work of the defense area, and therefore the possibility that the whole fire-fighting alarm system can normally run under the condition that the monitoring host is available or unavailable is guaranteed.
(2) The smoke sensor, the combustible gas sensor and the temperature sensor provided by the invention can continuously monitor the smoke concentration value in a defense area, can provide a basis for analyzing the severity of a disaster and early warning, can also avoid the occurrence of false alarm caused by sudden rise of the smoke concentration due to other factors, avoid misjudgment, and can more accurately judge whether a fire disaster occurs by referring to the result value continuously monitored by each sensor.
(3) According to the invention, the plurality of evacuation route indicating lamps can finally form an optimal evacuation route according to the escape direction indicated by the control of the wireless sensing terminals, so as to guide the escape of the trapped people, thereby adjusting the evacuation route according to the actual disaster situation, reducing the escape route and time and increasing the escape probability.
(4) The system can provide various fire-fighting information, can manually call for help through a human body detection sensor or a wireless pager, acquires the information of personnel in the fire scene, provides timely trapped personnel distribution information for the fire fighters, and improves the rescue efficiency; the evacuation route information can be indicated for the trapped people through the wireless indication terminal, and the self-rescue success rate is improved.
(5) The wireless sensing terminal has wireless transmitting and receiving functions, when the monitoring host is controlled, the wireless sensing terminal only needs to send sensing information, and when the monitoring host is interrupted, the wireless sensing terminal also needs to start to replace the monitoring host to realize the control function, so that the wireless sensing terminal can adjust the working mode of the wireless sensing terminal according to the specific working state of the monitoring host, the sensing information can be provided in time, and the power consumption of the wireless sensing terminal is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram of a fire information sensing network of a reconfigurable fire information sensing system provided in an embodiment of the present invention when all defense areas are connectable to a monitoring host.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of a fire information sensing network when a connection between a monitoring host and a reconfigurable fire information sensing system in a partial defense area is interrupted according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of a fire information sensing network when all the defense areas of a reconfigurable fire information sensing system are disconnected from monitoring hosts according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic system structure diagram of a reconfigurable fire information sensing system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic system structure diagram of a reconfigurable fire information sensing system according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic layout diagram of an optimal evacuation route in a reconfigurable fire information sensing system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a smoke sensor in a reconfigurable fire information sensing system according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a specific operation schematic diagram of a smoke sensor in a reconfigurable fire protection information sensing system according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments, not all embodiments, of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The division of the defense area is divided by a single room or a stair or a corridor space, for example, a certain room, a certain set of rooms, a section of corridor or a layer of stair and the like can be used as a defense area.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the invention discloses a high-reliability reconfigurable fire-fighting information sensing system, wherein a plurality of defense areas are divided in a building, each defense area is provided with a wireless sensing terminal 1, a wireless indicating terminal 2 and a communication concentrator 3, each defense area is connected with a monitoring host 5 through a public network, and the monitoring host 5 adopts a cloud server, adopts a B/S structure and is accessed through a browser.
The wireless sensing terminal 1, the wireless indicating terminal 2 and the communication concentrator 3 in each defense area are all internally provided with a sensing network wireless module, wireless connection is formed through the sensing network wireless modules among the wireless sensing terminal 1, the wireless indicating terminal 2 and the communication concentrator 3, data transmission can be carried out among the wireless sensing terminal 1, the wireless indicating terminal 2 and the communication concentrator 3 in each defense area, information exchange can be carried out among the defense areas through wireless networks, the sensing network wireless module in the embodiment adopts a Si4464 sensing network wireless module, and the working frequency range is the ISM frequency range.
The specific operating principle of the reconfigurable fire information sensing system provided by the embodiment is as follows: under the condition that each defense area can be connected to the monitoring host 5, the fire-fighting guidance work of each defense area shown in fig. 1 is centrally controlled by the monitoring host 5, specifically, each defense area can transmit the sensing data of the sensors in the defense area to the monitoring host 5 through the communication hub 3 in the defense area, and receive and feed back the command of the monitoring host 5 to the wireless sensing terminals 1 in each defense area, and then wirelessly transmit the command to the wireless indicating terminals 2 through the wireless modules of the sensing network in the defense area, the wireless indicating terminals 2 guide the evacuation work according to the command, if the communication between the communication hub 3 in any defense area and the monitoring host 5 is interrupted (at least one communication hub 3 in the defense area can be connected with the monitoring host 5), as shown in fig. 2, the wireless sensing terminals 1 in the defense area with interrupted communication can transmit the sensing data monitored by the sensors in the defense area to another surrounding defense area capable of realizing the communication with the monitoring host 5 through a wireless mode On the wireless sensing terminal 1, the wireless sensing terminal 1 in the defense area can transmit the sensing data of the wireless sensing terminal 1 and the communication interruption defense area to the monitoring host 5 through the communication concentrator 3 in the defense area, or the wireless sensing terminal 1 in the defense area with communication interruption indirectly transmits the sensing data to the wireless sensing terminal 1 in other defense areas, and then transmits the sensing data to the wireless sensing terminal 1 in the defense area capable of realizing communication with the monitoring host through the wireless sensing terminal in other defense areas (namely, the wireless sensing terminal 1 has the function of wireless multi-stage relay); when the communication hubs 3 in all the defense areas cannot be connected with the monitoring host 5, as shown in fig. 3, each defense area forms a local wireless local area network through a sensor network wireless module of each defense area, the wireless sensor terminals 1 in each defense area replace the monitoring host 5 according to the sensor data of each defense area and the information interacted with the surrounding wireless sensor terminals 1 to realize the distribution control of each defense area, specifically, the wireless sensor terminals 1 in each defense area process the monitored sensor data and the interacted sensor data to generate an instruction command, and send the instruction command to the wireless indication terminals 2 in a wireless manner, and the wireless indication terminals 2 guide the evacuation work according to the received instruction command. Through the control mode, when any one of the wireless sensing terminals 1 in the fire-fighting sensing system in the building loses connection with the monitoring host 5, the wireless sensing terminals 1 in the surrounding or adjacent defense areas can be connected to finally realize reconnection with the monitoring host 5; when reconnection with the monitoring host 5 cannot be achieved finally, the fire-fighting sensing system can also form a local fire-fighting information local area network again through information interaction between wireless sensing terminals 1 in all defense areas in the fire-fighting sensing system, so that evacuation work of all defense areas is guided, the possibility that the fire-fighting system is paralyzed once the connection with the monitoring host 5 is interrupted is avoided, the reliability of the whole sensing system is improved, the smooth expansion of rescue work in the case of fire disaster is ensured, and the rescue rate is improved.
In this embodiment, one or more wireless sensing terminals 1 and wireless indication terminals 2 in each defense area may be set, specifically, set according to the size of each defense area.
The fire-fighting information sensing system provided by the embodiment has a network reconfiguration function, as shown in fig. 1, when the fire-fighting information sensing system can be normally connected to a monitoring host 5, sensing information of a wireless sensing terminal 1 is all sent to the monitoring host 5 and is centrally controlled by the monitoring host 5, even if communication between a defense area and the monitoring host 5 is interrupted, as shown in fig. 2, the sensing information in the interrupted defense area can also be wirelessly transmitted to other defense areas, and the sensing information is transmitted to the monitoring host 5 by the other defense areas; when the monitoring host 5 cannot be connected, as shown in fig. 3, that is, when all the defense areas cannot realize communication with the monitoring host 5, each defense area relies on the wireless module of the sensing network to form a local fire-fighting information local area network in a self-organized manner, the wireless sensing terminal 1 in the self replaces the position of the monitoring host 5, not only can monitor the sensing information, but also can process the sensing information to form a control instruction to guide the fire-fighting evacuation work of the local defense area, thereby ensuring the possibility that the whole fire-fighting alarm system can normally operate no matter the monitoring host 5 is available or unavailable.
The second embodiment is as follows:
on the basis of the first specific implementation, the present embodiment has additional technical features that as shown in fig. 4, the wireless sensing terminal 1 in each defense area includes a plurality of sensors, a sensing processor 12, and a Si4464 sensor network wireless module, which are connected in sequence, the plurality of sensors in the present embodiment include a photoelectric smoke sensor 10 and a thermistor temperature sensor 11, the sensing processor 12 is an ARM Cortex-M3, the sensing processor 12 is connected to the photoelectric smoke sensor 10 and the thermistor temperature sensor 11 through ADC interfaces respectively, analog measurement values of the sensors are converted into digital signals, the sensing processor 12 is connected to the sensor network wireless module through a serial interface and is connected to the wireless indication terminal 2 and the communication hub 3 through the sensor network wireless module respectively, and indication information is sent to the wireless indication terminal 2, when the monitoring host 5 can be connected, smoke and temperature information is sent to the communication concentrator 3, commands of the monitoring host 5 are received through the communication concentrator 3, when the monitoring host 5 is completely disconnected with each defense area, the monitored sensing information can be processed through the sensing processor 12 in the monitoring host, control instructions are generated according to the information, and the instructions are sent to the wireless sensing terminal 1 through the wireless module of the sensing network to guide evacuation work.
The wireless indication terminal 2 comprises a plurality of indicators, an indication processor 23 and a Si4464 sensor network wireless module, wherein the plurality of indicators in the embodiment comprise an escape direction indicator lamp 21 and a loudspeaker 22, the indication processor 23 is an ARM Cortex-M0, the indication processor 23 is respectively connected with the escape direction indicator lamp 21 and the loudspeaker 22, is connected with the sensor network wireless module through a serial interface, acquires indication information through the sensor network wireless module, and controls the indication direction of the escape direction indicator lamp 21 and the loudspeaker 22 to give out alarm sound or voice prompt; the escape direction indicator light 21 is an LED color indicator light with an arrow, and can indicate the evacuation direction of the defense area.
The communication hub 3 comprises a communication module, a communication processor 34 and a Si4464 sensor network wireless module which are connected in sequence, wherein the communication module in the embodiment comprises a wired broadband Ethernet communication module 31, a mobile network 4G communication module 32 and a fixed telephone communication module 33, the communication processor 34 is ARM Cortex-M3, and the communication processor 34 is respectively connected with the wired broadband Ethernet communication module 31 through a hundred mega Ethernet interface, the mobile network 4G communication module 32 through a serial interface and the fixed telephone communication module 33 through a serial interface; when the monitoring host 5 is connectable, the communication processor 34 acquires monitoring sensing information in the wireless sensing terminal 1 of the local defense area through the wireless sensing network module, transmits the information to the monitoring host 5 through the communication module, and the monitoring host 5 uniformly and centrally controls the fire evacuation work of each defense area.
In addition, the monitoring host 5 in this embodiment may be a cloud server in the first embodiment, and also provide another possible implementation manner, where the monitoring host 5 may be a portable electronic terminal device, such as a mobile phone or a tablet computer, and when connection with a cloud service cannot be implemented in each defense area, the mobile phone or the tablet computer adds a wireless signal of a Si4464 sensor network wireless module in each defense area to a local fire information local area network, so as to implement control over the relevant defense area again, and further improve reliability.
The third concrete embodiment:
the reconfigurable fire-fighting information sensing system provided by the third embodiment of the invention is different from the second embodiment in that, as shown in fig. 5, each defense area in the third embodiment includes not only a plurality of wireless sensing terminals 1, a wireless indication terminal 2 and a communication hub 3, but also a plurality of wireless pagers 4, each wireless pager 4 includes a call button 41, a call processor 42 and a Si4464 sensor network wireless module which are connected in sequence, and realizes communication with the communication hub 3 and the wireless sensing terminals 1 through the sensor network wireless module, wherein the call processor 42 is an ARM Cortex-M0.
When a fire disaster occurs, trapped people can operate a call button 41, the call button 41 sends call information to the call processor 42, when the monitoring host 5 can be connected, the wireless caller 4 transmits the call information to the wireless sensing terminal 1 in the local defense area, transmits the call information to the communication hub 3 through the wireless sensing terminal 1 and sends the call information to the monitoring host 5, and the monitoring host 5 receives any one or more information such as the position and the number of people trapped people according to the call information to form a control instruction, so that rescue workers can conveniently carry out rescue work; when the communication concentrator 3 in the local defense area cannot be connected with the monitoring host 5, the wireless caller 4 transmits the calling information in the local defense area to the wireless sensing terminal 1 in another defense area through the wireless transmission between the wireless sensing terminal 1 in the local defense area and the wireless sensing terminal 1 in the surrounding or adjacent defense area, and transmits the calling information to the monitoring host 5 through the communication concentrator 3 in the local defense area; when all defence areas can not be connected with the monitoring host 5, the wireless calling device 4 transmits calling information to the wireless sensing terminal 1 in a wireless transmission mode to process the information of trapped people to form a control instruction, when the wireless sensing terminal 1 in the defence area is damaged, the information can be transmitted to the wireless sensing terminals 1 in other defence areas, and the control is realized by the wireless sensing terminals 1 in other defence areas, so that the reliability and the novelty of the whole fire-fighting network system are further ensured, and the success rate of rescue is improved.
The fourth concrete embodiment:
on the basis of the second specific embodiment, the added features are that, as shown in fig. 6, the escape route indicator in the wireless indicator terminal 2 is a color LED indicator with directional arrows, the escape route indicator can change the escape indication direction according to the command received by the wireless indicator terminal 2, and an optimal evacuation route can be formed by a plurality of escape direction indicators 21 in a plurality of defense areas to guide the trapped people to escape. Further, the color LED indicator in this embodiment is set to be a safe evacuation channel at the bright place of the night light, a dangerous area at the bright place of the night light, a safe evacuation channel at the bright place of the green light, and a dangerous area at the bright place of the red light in the daytime, so that the route can be further clearly indicated.
The fifth concrete embodiment:
on the basis of the fourth specific embodiment, the present embodiment is characterized in that, the sensor in the wireless sensing terminal 1 in the present embodiment includes not only a smoke sensor and a temperature sensor, but also a human body detector, and the human body detector is used for detecting whether a person is trapped in the local defense area, and feeding back information of whether the person is trapped to the monitoring host 5.
In addition, another distinguishing feature in this embodiment is that, when being provided with the human body detector in wireless sensing terminal 1 in the defence area, correspond in this defence area and be provided with the human body response lamp, dispose sensor network wireless module and response lamp treater in the human body response lamp, and through sensor network wireless module with wireless sensing terminal 1 links to each other, detects when there is the people in this defence area when the human body detector through response lamp treater control the human body response lamp shows someone, makes things convenient for monitoring host computer 5 or external rescue personnel to know this defence area personnel information.
The present embodiment provides two working modes of the human body induction lamp: one is that at any time, as long as the human body detector detects that the person exists in the defense area, the person is displayed; yet another mode is: only after the wireless sensing terminal 1 gives an alarm, whether a person is present or not is displayed. The second mode can reduce energy consumption and reduce the lighting when a fire alarm does not normally occur. The human body induction lamp can be arranged at places such as windows and door heads of related defense areas and the like which are easy to find by the outside, and rescue workers can conveniently acquire related information when a fire disaster happens. In addition, the light source of the human body induction lamp adopts a red light source or a yellow light source, and the two light sources are easy to penetrate through a dense fog or smoke area, so that rescuers can observe the light sources conveniently, and the rescue probability of trapped people is increased.
The human body induction lamp in this embodiment may also be disposed in the wireless indication terminal 2, and its function is the same as that of an independent human body induction lamp separately disposed in a defense area, but the human body induction lamp and other indicators (escape route indicator and speaker 22) are controlled by the instruction processor 23 in the wireless indication terminal 2.
The sixth specific embodiment:
on the basis of the fifth specific embodiment, the present embodiment is further characterized in that the sensors in the wireless sensing terminal 1 in the present embodiment include not only a smoke sensor, a temperature sensor, and a human body detector, but also a combustible gas detector for detecting a concentration value of combustible gas in a defense area, and meanwhile, a buzzer is correspondingly disposed in the wireless indicating terminal 2. By setting an alarm threshold value of the concentration value of the combustible gas, when the combustible gas detector monitors that the concentration value of the combustible gas in the local defense area exceeds the alarm threshold value, the sensing processor 12 in the wireless sensing terminal 1 can directly send a signal to the buzzer in the wireless indication terminal 2 through the wireless module of the sensing network, and the buzzer is controlled to give out an alarm sound. Considering that the common combustible gas in the fire scene is mainly carbon monoxide, the carbon monoxide detector is selected as the combustible gas detector in the embodiment.
It is understood that the combustible gas detector in this embodiment may also be other combustible gas detectors, and may simultaneously monitor one or more combustible gases, including methane, ethane, ethylene, propylene, acetylene, hydrogen sulfide, phosphine, and the like.
The seventh specific embodiment:
the reconfigurable fire fighting information sensing system provided by the seventh embodiment of the invention is different from the smoke sensor in the prior art in that the smoke sensor in the embodiment monitors an instantaneous value, alarms according to the smoke concentration at a certain moment, and cannot send a specific smoke concentration value to the outside, and once the monitored value reaches an alarm condition at a certain moment, the alarm system is started, but the problem exists that a false alarm condition easily occurs when other information interference (such as smoke concentration rise caused by smoking) occasionally, and the false alarm condition occurs when the smoke concentration does not reach the alarm concentration at the initial stage of a fire, both the false alarm condition and the false alarm condition have certain influence on fire fighting safety work, and based on the situation, the smoke sensor provided in the embodiment can monitor the smoke concentration value in a fire protection area continuously or at certain intervals, and the collected smoke concentration value is continuously transmitted outwards, and whether the alarm is given is judged according to the smoke concentration value within a certain time instead of the smoke concentration value at a certain moment.
Fig. 7 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of such a smoke sensor, which includes an optical labyrinth 71, a smoke chamber 72, an infrared emission tube 73 and a photodiode 74, where the optical labyrinth 71 blocks the entrance of external interference light rays while not affecting the entrance of external smoke into the smoke chamber 72, and after smoke enters the smoke chamber 72 through the optical labyrinth 71, the smoke concentration value in the current room is measured by checking the smoke concentration in the smoke chamber 72.
The specific working principle of the smoke sensor in this embodiment is shown in fig. 8, the sensing processor 12 in the wireless sensing terminal 1 drives the infrared emission tube 73 to emit an infrared light signal at intervals of time Δ t, because an included angle exists between the infrared emission tube 73 and the photodiode 74, the infrared light cannot directly irradiate the photodiode 74 under the condition that no smoke enters the smoke chamber 72, and at this time, only a very small amount of light irradiates the photodiode 74 through diffuse reflection on the inner wall of the smoke chamber 72, so that the photodiode 74 only outputs a very weak voltage signal; when a fire disaster occurs outside and a large amount of smoke is generated, the smoke can enter the smoke chamber 72 through the optical labyrinth 71, and when infrared light emitted by the infrared emission tube 73 irradiates the smoke, the infrared light irradiates the photodiode 74 through the refraction of the smoke, at the moment, the photodiode 74 can generate a voltage signal which is stronger than a smokeless state, and the intensity of the voltage signal is in direct proportion to the concentration of the smoke. The voltage signal is amplified by a signal amplifying circuit and then transmitted to the sensing processor 12, and the sensing processor 12 performs data conversion on the voltage signal to obtain a corresponding smoke concentration value, and sends the smoke concentration value to the monitoring host 5 through a wireless module of the sensing network for analysis.
It can be understood that, in the working mode of the smoke sensor in this embodiment, the infrared transmitting tube 73 may continuously emit infrared light, the photodiode 74 collects voltage signals at intervals of time Δ t, the voltage signals are amplified by a signal amplifying circuit and then transmitted to the sensing processor 12, and the sensing processor 12 performs data conversion on the voltage signals to obtain corresponding smoke concentration values, and sends the corresponding smoke concentration values to the monitoring host 5 through the wireless module of the sensing network for analysis.
Because the data uploaded by the wireless sensing terminal 1 in this embodiment is the smoke concentration value of each time interval Δ t, the monitoring host 5 can calculate the change trend of the smoke concentration of each defense area according to the data uploaded by the wireless sensing terminal 1 for many times, and compared with a smoke alarm in the prior art, which judges whether a fire occurs only according to the instantaneous value of the smoke concentration at a certain time, the scheme has better anti-interference performance and accuracy, and can reduce the occurrence of false alarm and false alarm of the fire.
Through the working method of the smoke sensor provided by the embodiment, the smoke concentration value can be continuously monitored in each defense area through the intermittence, so that the fire information can be found as early as the initial stage of a fire, the fire can be timely relieved, the data basis can be provided for analyzing the severity of the fire and early warning, and meanwhile, the occurrence of the situation of false alarm of the fire caused by interference of other factors can be avoided.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the overall contents of the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may modify or change the above-described embodiments within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes that can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the principle and the technical idea of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (21)
1. A reconfigurable fire-fighting information sensing system is internally provided with a plurality of defense areas and is characterized in that,
each wireless sensing terminal, the wireless indicating terminal and the communication concentrator in each defense area are internally provided with a sensing network wireless module, so that data transmission can be carried out between the wireless sensing terminal and the wireless indicating terminal, between the wireless sensing terminal and the communication concentrator, between the wireless indicating terminal and the communication concentrator in each defense area, and information interaction can also be carried out between the defense areas;
the communication concentrator is connected with the monitoring host, and each defense area realizes data transmission with the monitoring host through the communication concentrator of each defense area;
if the communication between the communication concentrator in any defense area and the monitoring host is interrupted, the first wireless sensing terminal in the interrupted communication defense area can be wirelessly connected with a second wireless sensing terminal which can be communicated with the monitoring host in another surrounding defense area, or the sensing data in the first wireless sensing terminal can be transmitted to the second wireless sensing terminal through multi-stage transmission of the wireless sensing terminals in other defense areas, and finally the first wireless sensing terminal is connected with the monitoring host through the communication concentrator in the second defense area, namely the wireless sensing terminal has the function of multi-stage relay transmission.
2. A reconfigurable fire information sensing system according to claim 1, wherein any first wireless sensing terminal in a defense area that is interrupted in communication with the monitoring host cannot communicate with the monitoring host by the method of claim 1, and then each defense area that is disconnected forms a local wireless local area network by its own sensing network wireless module, and the wireless sensing terminal in each defense area takes over the control of the local defense area by the monitoring host according to its own sensing data and information interacted with surrounding wireless sensing terminals.
3. A reconfigurable fire information sensing system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fire information sensing system or the local fire information local area network can be joined through a portable electronic terminal device via a communication hub.
4. A reconfigurable fire information sensing system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wireless sensing terminal further includes a plurality of sensors and a sensing processor, the wireless indicating terminal includes a plurality of indicators and an indication processor, and the communication hub includes a communication module and a communication processor.
5. A reconfigurable fire information sensing system according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of wireless beepers are further provided in each defense area, the wireless beepers include a call button, a call processor and a sensing network wireless module which are connected in sequence, and communication with the communication hub and the wireless sensing terminal is realized through the sensing network wireless module.
6. A reconfigurable fire information sensing system according to claim 4, wherein the sensors within the wireless sensing terminal include one or more of smoke sensors, combustible gas detectors, temperature sensors and body detectors.
7. A reconfigurable fire information sensing system according to claim 4, wherein the communication module in the communication hub includes at least one of a wired broadband Ethernet communication module, a mobile network communication module and a fixed telephone communication module, and the communication hub implements communication information exchange with the remote monitoring host through the communication module.
8. A reconfigurable fire information sensing system according to claim 4, wherein the indicator in the wireless indication terminal further includes an escape direction indicator light and/or a speaker, the escape direction indicator light and the speaker are respectively connected to the indication processor, and change the escape direction and instruct evacuation work by voice according to the indication command received in the indication processor.
9. A reconfigurable fire information sensing system according to claim 8, wherein the escape indication lamps in the plurality of defense areas indicate the escape direction according to the indication commands received by the escape indication lamps, and the routes indicated by all the escape indication lamps can finally form the optimal evacuation route to guide the trapped people to escape.
10. A reconfigurable fire information sensing system according to claim 6, wherein the smoke sensor includes an optical maze and a smoke chamber disposed within the optical maze, wherein a light emitting diode and a photodiode are disposed within the smoke chamber, and an angle exists between the light emitting diode and the photodiode such that light emitted by the light emitting diode does not impinge directly on the photodiode without smoke entering the smoke chamber.
11. A reconfigurable fire information sensing system according to claim 10, wherein the wireless sensing terminal is capable of monitoring a smoke concentration value in a local defense area at regular time intervals and continuously transmitting the collected smoke concentration value in the local defense area to the outside, specifically, a sensing processor in the wireless sensing terminal drives the light emitting diode to emit a light signal at regular time intervals, the photodiode converts the received light signal into a voltage signal and transmits the voltage signal to the sensing processor, the sensing processor converts the voltage signal into a corresponding smoke concentration value and transmits the smoke concentration value to a monitoring host for analysis through a wireless module of a sensing network, or the light emitting diode continuously emits a light signal, the photodiode receives the light signal and converts the light signal into a voltage signal at regular time intervals, and the voltage signal is transmitted to the sensing processor, and the sensing processor converts the voltage signal into a corresponding smoke concentration value and sends the smoke concentration value to the monitoring host computer for analysis through the sensing network wireless module.
12. A reconfigurable fire information sensing system according to claim 6, wherein when a human body detector is arranged in a wireless sensing terminal in a defence area, a human body sensing lamp is further arranged in the defence area, the human body sensing lamp is provided with a sensing network wireless module and a sensing lamp processor and is connected with the wireless sensing terminal, when the human body detector detects that a person exists in the defence area, a signal is transmitted to the sensing lamp processor through the wireless sensing network, and the sensing lamp processor controls the human body sensing lamp to display the person.
13. A reconfigurable fire information sensing system according to claim 12, wherein the body-sensing lights have two display modes: one is that at any time, as long as the human body detector detects that the person exists in the defense area, the person is displayed; one is that only after the wireless sensing terminal gives an alarm, whether a person is present is displayed.
14. A reconfigurable fire information sensing system according to claim 13, wherein the body-sensing lights are positioned at windows or door heads in the defence area and the light source is red or yellow.
15. A reconfigurable fire information sensing system according to claim 6, wherein when a combustible gas detector is disposed in a wireless sensing terminal in a defense area, a buzzer is correspondingly disposed in the wireless indicating terminal, and when the combustible gas detector detects that the concentration of combustible gas in the defense area exceeds a certain threshold, the buzzer makes an alarm.
16. A reconfigurable fire information sensing system according to claim 8, wherein the evacuation route indicator lights within the corridor are arrowed LED color indicator lights.
17. A reconfigurable fire information sensing system according to claim 16, wherein the evacuation route indicator lights are provided with different modes: the light is bright for safe evacuation passageway night, and the department that goes out is the danger zone, and the green light is bright for safe evacuation passageway daytime, and the red light is bright for the danger zone.
18. A reconfigurable fire information sensing system according to claim 12, wherein the body-sensing lights may also be disposed within the wireless indication terminal, sharing the sensor network wireless module within the wireless indication terminal.
19. A reconfigurable fire information sensing system according to claim 2, wherein the wireless sensing terminal takes over the control of the monitoring host to the local defense area, specifically, the sensing processors in the wireless sensing terminals in each defense area process all monitored and interacted sensing data to generate an indication command, and send the indication command to the wireless indication terminal in a wireless manner, and the indication processor in the wireless indication terminal controls the indicator to operate after receiving the indication command.
20. A reconfigurable fire information sensing system according to claim 4, when the communication concentrator can be connected with the monitoring host, the wireless sensing terminal sends sensing data monitored by the sensor to the sensing processor, the sensing processor processes the sensing data and transmits the sensing data to the communication concentrator in a wireless mode through the sensing network wireless module, the communication processor in the communication hub transmits the sensing data to the monitoring host computer through the communication module, the monitoring host computer generates an indication command according to the received sensing data and transmits the indication command back to the communication hub, a communication processor within the communication hub wirelessly transmits an indication command to the sensing processor, the sensing processor wirelessly transmits an indication command to an indication processor in the wireless indication terminal, the indication processor controls the indicator to guide the fire-fighting evacuation work according to the received indication command.
21. The reconfigurable fire-fighting information sensing system according to claim 5, wherein when the monitoring host can be connected, the wireless caller transmits call information to the wireless sensing terminals in the local defense area, the wireless sensing terminals to the communication hub, or the wireless caller directly transmits information to the communication hub, the call information is transmitted to the monitoring host through the communication hub, when any communication hub in the fire-fighting sensing network cannot be connected with the monitoring host, the wireless caller is connected with the wireless sensing terminals in the surrounding or adjacent defense area through the wireless sensing terminals in the local defense area to finally realize reconnection with the monitoring host, transmits the call information in the local defense area to the wireless sensing terminals in another defense area, and transmits the call information to the monitoring host through the communication hub in the defense area, when all defense areas can not be connected with the monitoring host, the wireless calling device transmits calling information to the wireless sensing terminal of the defense area in a wireless transmission mode, the sensing processor in the wireless sensing terminal processes information of trapped persons to form a control instruction, and when the wireless sensing terminal of the defense area is damaged, the information can be sent to the wireless sensing terminals of other defense areas, and the control is realized by the wireless sensing terminals of the other defense areas.
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