CN110749952B - Method for preparing fiber grating array optical cable for positioning and measuring speed of high-speed magnetic suspension train - Google Patents
Method for preparing fiber grating array optical cable for positioning and measuring speed of high-speed magnetic suspension train Download PDFInfo
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02057—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating comprising gratings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
- G01P3/36—Devices characterised by the use of optical means, e.g. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02057—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating comprising gratings
- G02B6/02076—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
- G02B6/02123—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by the method of manufacture of the grating
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4479—Manufacturing methods of optical cables
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber sensing, in particular to a preparation method of an optical fiber grating array cable for a long-distance positioning and speed measuring system of a high-speed magnetic suspension train, which needs the following equipment and materials in the preparation process: the device comprises an automatic glue dispenser with an ultraviolet curing function, a glue dispensing loading platform, a tension loading mechanism, a linear material automatic winding and unwinding device, a stirring device, an automatic cabling device, ultraviolet curing glue, magnetic powder, a flat polymer bottom belt, a flat polymer flexible top belt and a fiber grating array. The magnetic powder is coated on the center of each low-reflectivity short grating, strain sensing of a magnetic material is realized, a plurality of groups of grating strain sensing arrays are used together, and the single optical cable can realize the measurement of the positioning resolution and the related speed of 1cm within a distance of 10 km.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber sensing, in particular to a preparation method of an optical fiber grating array cable for a long-distance positioning and speed measuring system of a high-speed magnetic suspension train.
Background
The rail transit is a life line of national economy in China, is a backbone network of a comprehensive transportation system, not only undertakes transportation of most national strategies and economic materials, but also undertakes the function of passenger transportation, and plays a great role in promoting resource transportation in China, strengthening regional economic communication, solving urban traffic congestion and the like. With the rapid development of high-speed railways and urban subways and the high-speed and intensive rail transit operation, the safety problem of the railways and the urban subways becomes a main challenge influencing and restricting the construction and development of rail transit. How to scientifically maintain such a huge operation line and ensure the stability and reliability of infrastructure, so that the rail transit can be safely operated for a long time is a problem which needs to be solved in the development of the rail transit at the present stage.
The positioning and speed measuring system of the high-speed magnetic suspension train plays a key role in the research of rail traffic safety. For a common wheel-track railway, the position and speed of the train are mainly determined by a track circuit and an optical-electrical encoder mounted on a wheel. Since the magnetic levitation train has no wheels and there is no contact between the vehicle and the track during operation, the conventional railway test method cannot be directly introduced for positioning and measuring the speed of the magnetic levitation train.
The current methods for positioning the low-speed magnetic suspension train mainly comprise microwave positioning, inter-rail cable positioning, sleeper counting positioning and the like. In contrast, for high-speed magnetic levitation trains, positioning studies have been conducted in japan and germany, respectively. The detection of the running position of the Japanese superconducting magnetic suspension train is realized by the cross induction coil arranged in the guide groove, and the method adopting the cross induction coil has the characteristics of high precision and good real-time property. However, the difficulty in implementing this method is that the precision requirements of each device in the train position detection system are high, which results in complex equipment design and high manufacturing, installation and later maintenance costs. The German high-speed maglev railway adopts a mode of combining beacon and polar distance detection for positioning and measuring the speed of the train, and because the running speed of the maglev train is very high, the condition that the position of the train obtained by the method is inaccurate exists, so that the train running position obtained under certain conditions can only represent that the train is positioned between certain two adjacent beacons, and the reliability and the accuracy of the method still cannot ensure the absolute safety of the train running.
At present, electric sensors are generally adopted in China to realize speed measurement and positioning of trains, but the traditional electric sensors are poor in reliability, low in precision and poor in anti-interference capability. Particularly in the development of high-speed railway electrification today, the electric sensor often makes misjudgment in the face of strong electromagnetic interference, severe environment and abnormal weather.
Fiber optic sensing is one of the rapidly developing technologies in recent years, and it utilizes optical fibers to sense and transmit relevant information. The optical fiber sensor has the advantages of strong electromagnetic interference resistance, high sensitivity, good electrical insulation, safety, reliability, corrosion resistance, capability of forming an optical fiber sensor network and the like, and has wide application prospect in the field of rail transit. The FBG sensing technology is particularly outstanding, and has the outstanding advantages of high measurement precision, quick response, accurate positioning and the like, and has been widely researched and applied in the field of intelligent rail transit safety monitoring in the last decade. The patent provides a fiber grating array optical cable preparation method for a long-distance positioning and speed measuring system of a high-speed magnetic suspension train based on a fiber grating sensing technology, and the optical cable is combined with a related data acquisition and processing module to realize accurate positioning and speed measurement of the high-speed magnetic suspension train. The technical method can monitor the running condition of the magnetic suspension train in real time, provides guarantee for safe and stable running of the train, and has great economic value and important social value.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for preparing an optical fiber grating array optical cable for a long-distance positioning and speed measuring system of a high-speed magnetic suspension train, and the optical cable prepared by the method can realize the positioning resolution and the related speed measurement of 1cm within a distance of 10km by using a single optical cable.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme applied by the invention is as follows:
a fiber grating array optical cable preparation method for a long-distance positioning and speed measuring system of a high-speed magnetic suspension train needs to use the following equipment and materials in the preparation process: an automatic glue dispenser with an ultraviolet curing function, a glue dispensing loading platform, a tension loading mechanism, an automatic linear material winding and unwinding device, a stirring device, an automatic cabling device, ultraviolet curing glue, magnetic powder, a flat polymer bottom belt, a flat polymer flexible top belt and a fiber grating array,
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1): continuously writing a grating array in the same optical fiber, wherein the length of the grating is 1-5 mm, the 1m distance is used as a writing period, every 5cm is used for writing an optical fiber Bragg grating with different wavelengths, the wavelength interval of adjacent gratings is 1-3 nm, and after twenty optical fiber Bragg gratings with different wavelengths are continuously written, repeating the writing process;
step 2): stirring the ultraviolet curing adhesive and the magnetic powder into a mixture by a stirring device;
step 3): uniformly coating the mixture on the central area of each fiber grating by using an automatic dispenser with an ultraviolet curing function and a dispensing loading platform to manufacture a grating strain sensor adhered to the central area of the grating;
step 4): five channels for sticking the grating array are arranged along the length direction of the flat polymer bottom belt;
step 5): along the width direction of the flat polymer bottom belt, an inner hole groove is arranged on the first channel at intervals of 5cm, the inner hole grooves are symmetrically arranged by taking the channel as the center, the rest four channels are designed according to the method, and the positions of the inner hole grooves on the adjacent channels are sequentially staggered by 1cm along the same direction;
step 6): tensioning five optical fibers through a tension loading mechanism, and respectively placing the optical fibers into five grooves of the flat polymer bottom belt, wherein the grating strain sensor is positioned in the center of the inner hole groove;
step 7): fixing five optical fibers in corresponding channels respectively by using an automatic dispenser with an ultraviolet curing function and a dispensing loading platform at the middle position of an adjacent inner hole groove along the length direction of the flat polymer bottom belt;
step 8): uniformly covering the upper surface of the flat polymer bottom belt with the flat polymer flexible top belt through linear material automatic winding and unwinding equipment;
step 9): and packaging and cabling by automatic cabling equipment.
Further, the total length of the optical fiber described in step 1) was 10 km.
Further, the particle size of the magnetic powder in the step 2) is 3-30 μm, and the ratio of the magnetic powder to the ultraviolet curing adhesive is 0.5: 1-1: 1.
Further, the length of the grating strain sensor in the step 3) is 1-3 mm, the width of the grating strain sensor is 1-2 mm, and the thickness of the grating strain sensor is 0.5-1 mm.
Further, the channels described in step 4) have a depth of about 0.7mm, a width of about 0.3mm and a spacing of about 1.5 mm.
Further, the length of the inner hole groove in the step 5) is 2-2.5 mm, the width is 1-1.5 mm, and the depth is 1-1.5 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) according to the optical cable prepared by the method, the grating distribution interval of adjacent optical fibers in the optical cable is about 1cm, so that the positioning resolution and related speed measurement of 1cm within 10km can be realized by a single optical cable, theoretical research shows that the positioning requirement of longer distance can be realized by properly increasing the ribbon quantity of the optical fiber array, and the positioning accuracy and related speed measurement requirement of shorter distance can be realized by properly reducing the interval of adjacent grating strain sensors;
2) the optical fiber grating array has the advantages of reasonable materials, high measurement precision, quick response, strong anti-electromagnetic interference capability and distributable measurement, magnetic powder is uniformly coated at the center of the grating to manufacture a magnetic induction sensing device which can accurately respond to the strain of the grating, the design structure is reasonable, the positioning requirement of 1cm precision can be realized by adopting a method with dislocation placement, the optical fiber grating reflection spectrum signals are demodulated and analyzed through related instruments, the position and speed information of a magnetic suspension train can be obtained on line, and the real-time monitoring of the running safety condition of the high-speed magnetic suspension train is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a flat polymeric base belt of the present invention.
1. A fiber grating array; 2. a grating strain sensor; 3. a flat polymeric flexible top tape; 4. a channel; 5. a flat polymeric base tape; 6. an inner hole groove.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the preparation method of the fiber grating array optical cable for a long-distance positioning and speed measuring system of a high-speed magnetic levitation train according to the present invention requires the following equipment and materials in the preparation process: an automatic glue dispenser with an ultraviolet curing function, a glue dispensing loading platform, a tension loading mechanism, an automatic linear material winding and unwinding device, a stirring device, an automatic cabling device, ultraviolet curing glue, magnetic powder, a flat polymer bottom belt 5, a flat polymer flexible top belt 3 and a fiber grating array 1,
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1): continuously writing a grating array 1 in the same optical fiber, wherein the length of the grating is 1-5 mm, the 1m distance is used as a writing period, every 5cm is used for writing an optical fiber Bragg grating with different wavelengths, the wavelength interval of adjacent gratings is 1-3 nm, and after twenty optical fiber Bragg gratings with different wavelengths are continuously written, repeating the writing process;
step 2): stirring the ultraviolet curing adhesive and the magnetic powder into a mixture by a stirring device;
step 3): uniformly coating the mixture on the central area of each fiber grating by using an automatic dispenser with an ultraviolet curing function and a dispensing loading platform to manufacture a grating strain sensor 2 adhered to the central area of the grating;
step 4): five channels 4 for sticking the grating array 1 are arranged along the length direction of the flat polymer bottom tape 5;
step 5): along flat polymer bottom strip 5 width direction, be equipped with an inner hole groove 6 every 5cm on first channel 4, and this inner hole groove 6 uses channel 4 as central bilateral symmetry to set up, and remaining four channels 4 are according to this design, and the position of inner hole groove 6 on adjacent channel 4 misplaces 1cm along same direction in proper order.
Step 6): tensioning five optical fibers through a tension loading mechanism, and respectively placing the optical fibers into five channels 4 of a flat polymer bottom belt 5, wherein the grating strain sensor 2 is positioned in the center of an inner hole groove 6;
step 7): fixing five optical fibers in corresponding channels 4 respectively by using an automatic dispenser with an ultraviolet curing function and a dispensing loading platform at the middle position of an adjacent inner hole groove 6 along the length direction of the flat polymer bottom belt 5;
step 8): uniformly covering the upper surface of a flat polymer bottom belt 5 with a flat polymer flexible top belt 3 through linear material automatic winding and unwinding equipment;
step 9): and packaging and cabling by automatic cabling equipment.
More specifically, the total length of the optical fiber described in step 1) was 10 km.
More specifically, the particle size of the magnetic powder in the step 2) is 3-30 μm, and the ratio of the magnetic powder to the ultraviolet curing adhesive is 0.5: 1-1: 1.
More specifically, the length of the grating strain sensor 2 in the step 3) is 1-3 mm, the width of the grating strain sensor is 1-2 mm, and the thickness of the grating strain sensor is 0.5-1 mm.
More specifically, the channels 4 described in step 4) have a depth of about 0.7mm, a width of about 0.3mm and a pitch of about 1.5 mm.
More specifically, the length of the inner hole groove 6 in the step 5) is 2-2.5 mm, the width is 1-1.5 mm, and the depth is 1-1.5 mm.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the optical cable is arranged in the middle of the upper surface of the track beam, the permanent magnet is correspondingly arranged at the bottom of the front end of the train, when the train runs along the track, the fiber grating sensing area can generate strain under the action of magnetic force, strain signals are collected and analyzed in real time through related instruments, position and speed information of the magnetic suspension train can be obtained, and online real-time monitoring on the running safety condition of the high-speed magnetic suspension train is realized.
While the embodiments of the present invention have been described, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, which are only illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A method for preparing a fiber grating array optical cable for positioning and speed measurement of a high-speed magnetic suspension train needs to use the following equipment and materials in the preparation process:
an automatic glue dispenser with an ultraviolet curing function, a glue dispensing loading platform, a tension loading mechanism, an automatic linear material winding and unwinding device, a stirring device, an automatic cabling device, ultraviolet curing glue, magnetic powder, a flat polymer bottom belt (5), a flat polymer flexible top belt (3) and a fiber grating array (1),
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1): continuously writing an optical fiber grating array (1) in the same optical fiber, wherein the length of the grating is 1-5 mm, 1m distance is used as a writing period, every 5cm is used for writing an optical fiber Bragg grating with different wavelengths, the wavelength interval of adjacent gratings is 1-3 nm, and repeating the writing process after twenty optical fiber Bragg gratings with different wavelengths are continuously written;
step 2): stirring the ultraviolet curing adhesive and the magnetic powder into a mixture by a stirring device; the particle size of the magnetic powder is 3-30 mu m, and the ratio of the magnetic powder to the ultraviolet curing adhesive is 0.5: 1-1: 1;
step 3): uniformly coating the mixture on the central area of each fiber grating by using an automatic dispenser with an ultraviolet curing function and a dispensing loading platform to manufacture a grating strain sensor (2) adhered to the central area of the grating;
step 4): five channels (4) for sticking the fiber grating array (1) are arranged along the length direction of the flat polymer bottom tape (5);
step 5): along the width direction of the flat polymer bottom belt (5), an inner hole groove (6) is arranged on the first channel (4) every 5cm, the inner hole grooves (6) are symmetrically arranged on two sides by taking the channel (4) as a center, the remaining four channels (4) are designed according to the design, and the positions of the inner hole grooves (6) on the adjacent channels (4) are sequentially staggered by 1cm along the same direction;
step 6): tensioning five optical fibers through a tension loading mechanism, and respectively placing the optical fibers into five channels (4) of a flat polymer bottom belt (5), wherein a grating strain sensor (2) is positioned in the center of an inner hole groove (6);
step 7): fixing five optical fibers in corresponding channels (4) respectively by using an automatic dispenser with an ultraviolet curing function and a dispensing loading platform at the middle position of an adjacent inner hole groove (6) along the length direction of the flat polymer bottom belt (5);
step 8): uniformly covering the upper surface of a flat polymer bottom belt (5) with a flat polymer flexible top belt (3) through linear material automatic winding and unwinding equipment;
step 9): packaging and cabling through automatic cabling equipment; the optical cable is arranged in the middle of the upper surface of the track beam, the permanent magnet is correspondingly arranged at the bottom of the front end of the train, when the train runs along the track, the fiber grating sensing area generates strain under the action of magnetic force, strain signals are collected and analyzed in real time through instruments and meters, position and speed information of the magnetic suspension train can be obtained, and online real-time monitoring of the running safety condition of the high-speed magnetic suspension train is realized.
2. The method for preparing the fiber bragg grating array optical cable for positioning and speed measurement of the high-speed magnetic levitation train as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the total length of the optical fiber in the step 1) is 10 km.
3. The method for preparing the fiber bragg grating array optical cable for positioning and speed measurement of the high-speed magnetic levitation train as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the grating strain sensor (2) in the step 3) has the length of 1-3 mm, the width of 1-2 mm and the thickness of 0.5-1 mm.
4. The method for preparing the fiber bragg grating array optical cable for positioning and speed measurement of the high-speed magnetic levitation train as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the depth of the channel (4) in the step 4) is 0.7mm, the width is 0.3mm, and the distance is 1.5 mm.
5. The method for preparing the fiber bragg grating array optical cable for positioning and speed measurement of the high-speed magnetic levitation train as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the length of the inner hole groove (6) in the step 5) is 2-2.5 mm, the width is 1-1.5 mm, and the depth is 1-1.5 mm.
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| CN114454726B (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2024-01-19 | 北京全路通信信号研究设计院集团有限公司 | Parking positioning method, system and storage medium for maglev train |
| CN114987579B (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2024-07-16 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Railway vehicle and speed measuring and positioning system thereof |
| CN117516606B (en) * | 2024-01-03 | 2024-03-15 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Distributed optical fiber nondestructive magnetic control system and method for in-service large-span steel truss structure |
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