CN110758474A - Array grating sensing and cross induction loop combined high-speed magnetic suspension train positioning and speed measuring method - Google Patents
Array grating sensing and cross induction loop combined high-speed magnetic suspension train positioning and speed measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L25/00—Recording or indicating positions or identities of vehicles or trains or setting of track apparatus
- B61L25/02—Indicating or recording positions or identities of vehicles or trains
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L13/00—Electric propulsion for monorail vehicles, suspension vehicles or rack railways; Magnetic suspension or levitation for vehicles
- B60L13/04—Magnetic suspension or levitation for vehicles
- B60L13/06—Means to sense or control vehicle position or attitude with respect to railway
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L25/00—Recording or indicating positions or identities of vehicles or trains or setting of track apparatus
- B61L25/02—Indicating or recording positions or identities of vehicles or trains
- B61L25/021—Measuring and recording of train speed
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
- G01P3/64—Devices characterised by the determination of the time taken to traverse a fixed distance
- G01P3/66—Devices characterised by the determination of the time taken to traverse a fixed distance using electric or magnetic means
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-speed magnetic suspension train positioning and speed measuring method combining array grating sensing and cross induction loop, which comprises a pulse light source, a low-reflectivity optical fiber strain sensitive array grating sensor, a signal demodulation unit and a data processor, wherein the pulse light source is connected with the low-reflectivity optical fiber strain sensitive array grating sensor; the low-reflectivity optical fiber strain sensitive array grating sensor is fixed along the side surface of the long stator of the train track; the light emitted by the pulse light source reaches the low-reflectivity optical fiber strain sensitive array grating sensor and returns, the light is demodulated into an electric signal by the signal demodulation unit in a time division multiplexing mode, and the data processor obtains a strain signal of each grating point according to the demodulated electric signal and carries out absolute positioning on the train running process; then, the train is relatively positioned and tested by using the cross induction loops laid between the adjacent grating points. The invention utilizes the low-reflectivity optical fiber strain sensitive array grating sensor to absolutely position the train, corrects the relative positioning of the cross induction loop to the magnetic suspension train, and improves the positioning precision of the magnetic suspension train.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of positioning and speed measurement of magnetic suspension trains, and particularly relates to a high-speed magnetic suspension train positioning and speed measurement method combining array grating sensing and cross induction loop.
Background
Due to the non-contact characteristic of magnetic suspension, the magnetic suspension avoids the friction and abrasion between objects, can prolong the service life of equipment and improve the running conditions of the equipment, thereby having wide application background in the aspects of traffic, metallurgy, electricity, machinery and the like. The high-speed maglev train is considered as the development direction of transportation means in the century due to the unique advantages of the high-speed maglev train in the aspects of technology, economy and environmental protection. Magnetic levitation trains with a speed of 600 km/h are demanding more and more on precise positioning and speed measurement. The precise positioning and speed measuring system is important for guaranteeing the safe operation of the high-speed railway.
The traditional magnetic suspension train adopts the technical means of relative positioning and absolute positioning, the relative positioning usually adopts the principle of cross induction loop, and the positioning and speed measurement of the train are realized by detecting the number and the period of counting pulses. However, since the position information is relative, measurement errors are accumulated with time, and the position of the train needs to be corrected at regular intervals, and the overall error and accuracy of the sensor are affected by nonlinear factors of electromagnetic detection. The absolute positioning usually uses pulse coding technology to realize train positioning and speed measurement, a vehicle-mounted reader is installed on a train, and the train position is calculated by detecting the coded information of the marker plates at two sides of the track. However, the method cannot realize long-distance continuous measurement and positioning, a detection blind area exists, the signal transmission speed of the electronic sensor is low, positioning real-time information is inaccurate, and a measurement system is easily subjected to electromagnetic interference.
The optical fiber sensor has the advantages of high sensitivity, electromagnetic interference resistance, intrinsic safety, long service life, corrosion resistance, long transmission distance and the like, can be used as a sensing element and a transmission medium at the same time, and is easy to realize multipoint and distributed measurement, so the optical fiber sensor is the most promising sensing technology for an intelligent structure, particularly since the emergence of an optical fiber Bragg grating sensor, the optical fiber sensor has many irreplaceable outstanding advantages of linear output, absolute measurement, insensitivity to electromagnetic interference, capability of forming a sensing network, miniaturization and the like compared with sensors based on other principles, and has very wide application prospect in the intelligent structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the method for positioning and measuring the speed of the high-speed magnetic suspension train by combining the array grating sensing with the cross induction loop is provided, and the measurement precision can be improved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a high-speed maglev train location speed measurement system that array grating sensing and cross induction return wire combined together which characterized in that: the positioning speed measurement system comprises a pulse light source, a low-reflectivity optical fiber strain sensitive array grating sensor, a signal demodulation unit and a data processor; the low-reflectivity optical fiber strain sensitive array grating sensor is fixed along the side face of the long stator of the train track and comprises grating points which are absolutely positioned every 1-10 m; the low reflectivity is 0.001% -1%;
the light emitted by the pulse light source reaches the low-reflectivity optical fiber strain sensitive array grating sensor and returns, the light is demodulated into an electric signal by the signal demodulation unit in a time division multiplexing mode, and the data processor obtains a strain signal of each grating point according to the demodulated electric signal, so that the train is absolutely positioned between two adjacent grating points in the running process;
then, the train is relatively positioned and tested by using the cross induction loops laid between the adjacent grating points.
According to the scheme, the low-reflectivity optical fiber strain sensitive array grating sensor comprises an optical fiber and a packaging structure; wherein,
fiber Bragg gratings with the same wavelength are written on the optical fiber every 1-10m and serve as grating points, and the fiber Bragg gratings with the same wavelength are positioned by utilizing an optical time domain reflection technology in a time division multiplexing mode;
the packaging structure comprises a metal strip, wherein the metal strip is provided with slotted holes used for fixing the optical fibers along the length direction, cylindrical holes are formed in the slotted holes at intervals of 1-10m, a magnetic sheet is arranged in each cylindrical hole, the optical fiber Bragg grating is positioned in the center of each cylindrical hole and above the magnetic sheet, and the metal strip is packaged into a cable along the length direction after the optical fibers are fixed.
According to the scheme, the thickness of the metal strip is 2-3mm, and the width of the metal strip is 3-5 mm; the depth of the slotted hole is 0.5mm, and the width is 0.3 mm.
According to the scheme, the cylindrical hole is cylindrical, and the thickness of the cylindrical hole is 2-3 mm; the magnetic sheet has a diameter of 1-2mm and a thickness of 1-2 mm.
The positioning speed measuring method realized by the positioning speed measuring system is characterized in that:
when a train passes through a grating point, the position of the grating point is moved due to a strong magnetic field generated by suspension electromagnets arranged on bogies at two sides of the train and magnets laid on a line guide rail, so that the grating point is stressed to shift the central wavelength of a reflection spectrum signal of the grating point, and the physical quantity causing change is measured by detecting the shift quantity of the wavelength of the grating point, so that the real-time running position of the train is obtained, and the absolute positioning of the train is realized;
the method comprises the steps that an alternating current signal with a certain frequency is conducted to a cross induction loop laid on the upper surface of a track beam, and then a signal sent by the loop is detected through a vehicle-mounted antenna; when the train runs, the antenna generates an induced potential which changes according to a certain rule along with the change of the relative position of the train body and the cross induction loop; detecting the period of the induction potential, and dividing the distance between adjacent intersections of the return wires by the period to obtain the current speed of the train;
recording the number of the trains passing through the intersections, and multiplying the distance between adjacent intersections of the return wires by the number of the intersections to obtain the relative displacement of the trains; and correcting the relative displacement of the positioning of the cross induction loop at every 1-10m according to the real-time running position of the train detected by the low-reflectivity optical fiber strain sensitive array grating sensor.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the low-reflectivity optical fiber strain sensitive array grating sensor is used for absolutely positioning the train, and the relative positioning of the cross induction loop to the magnetic suspension train is corrected, so that the positioning precision of the magnetic suspension train is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a fiber sensor package structure according to an embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1-pulse light source, 2-low reflectivity optical fiber strain sensitive array grating sensor, 3-signal demodulation unit, 4-data processor, 5-metal strip, 6-slotted hole, 7-magnetic sheet, 8-optical fiber Bragg grating, and 9-adhesive.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples and figures.
The invention provides a high-speed maglev train positioning and speed measuring system combining array grating sensing and cross induction loop, as shown in figure 1, the positioning and speed measuring system comprises a pulse light source 1, a low-reflectivity optical fiber strain sensitive array grating sensor 2, a signal demodulation unit 3 and a data processor 4; the low-reflectivity optical fiber strain sensitive array grating sensor 2 is fixed along the side face of the long stator of the train track and comprises grating points which are absolutely positioned every 1-10 m; the low reflectivity is 0.001% -1%. The light emitted by the pulse light source 1 reaches the low-reflectivity optical fiber strain sensitive array grating sensor 2 and returns, the light is demodulated into an electric signal by the signal demodulation unit 3 in a time division multiplexing mode, and the data processor 4 obtains a strain signal of each grating point according to the demodulated electric signal, so that the train is absolutely positioned between two adjacent grating points in the running process; then, the train is relatively positioned and tested by using the cross induction loops laid between the adjacent grating points.
The low-reflectivity optical fiber strain sensitive array grating sensor 2 comprises an optical fiber and a packaging structure; as shown in fig. 2, fiber bragg gratings 8 with the same wavelength are written on the optical fiber every 1-10m as the grating points, and the fiber bragg gratings 8 with the same wavelength are positioned by using an optical time domain reflection technology in a time division multiplexing manner; the packaging structure comprises a metal strip 5, wherein the metal strip 5 is provided with slotted holes 6 used for fixing the optical fibers along the length direction, cylindrical holes are formed in the slotted holes 6 at intervals of 1-10m, a magnetic sheet 7 is arranged in each cylindrical hole, the optical fiber Bragg grating 8 is positioned in the center of each cylindrical hole and above the magnetic sheet 7, and two ends of the optical fiber Bragg grating 8 are fixed in the slotted holes 6 by adopting an adhesive 9. After the optical fibers are fixed on the metal strip 5, the whole optical fibers are packaged into a cable along the length direction and are adhered to the side face of the long stator.
In the embodiment, the thickness of the metal strip 5 is 2-3mm, and the width is 3-5 mm; the depth of the groove hole 6 is 0.5mm, the width is 0.3mm, and the groove hole is processed by a laser processing method and used for adhering gratings. The cylindrical hole is cylindrical and has the thickness of 2-3 mm; the magnetic sheet 7 has a diameter of 1-2mm and a thickness of 1-2 mm.
When a train passes through the grating point, the grating point moves due to the strong magnetic field generated by the suspension electromagnets arranged on the bogies at the two sides of the train and the magnets laid on the line guide rail, so that the grating point is stressed to shift the central wavelength of a reflection spectrum signal of the grating point, and the physical quantity causing change is measured by detecting the shift quantity of the wavelength of the grating point, so that the real-time running position of the train is obtained, namely the train is positioned at a certain grating point, and the absolute positioning of the train is realized. The method comprises the steps that an alternating current signal with a certain frequency is conducted to a cross induction loop laid on the upper surface of a track beam, and then a signal sent by the loop is detected through a vehicle-mounted antenna; when the train runs, the antenna generates an induced potential which changes according to a certain rule along with the change of the relative position of the train body and the cross induction loop; and detecting the period of the induced potential, and dividing the distance between adjacent intersections of the return wires by the period to obtain the current speed of the train. Recording the number of the trains passing through the intersections, and multiplying the distance between adjacent intersections of the return wires by the number of the intersections to obtain the relative displacement of the trains; in the front, the absolute position of the train is positioned by utilizing the grating points (the range is larger), and the position between the two grating points is finely divided by utilizing a cross induction method (the range is smaller). The method comprises the steps that the relative displacement of the positioning of the crossed induction loop is corrected through the real-time running position of a train detected by a low-reflectivity optical fiber strain sensitive array grating sensor every 1-10m, specifically, a detection signal of the low-reflectivity optical fiber strain sensitive array grating sensor is transmitted back to a data processing center, the positioning error exists at a certain distance by the crossed induction loop positioning method applied between adjacent grating points, the positioning error is increased along with the increase of the distance, the positioning information is corrected at a certain distance by taking reflection spectrum signals of different grating points as compensation signals, and the positioning error of the train is reduced.
The signal demodulation unit 3 is based on a time division multiplexing demodulation algorithm, and the signal demodulation unit 3 receives and processes the reflection spectrum signals with different time sequences, and comprises the processes of signal acquisition, preprocessing, peak searching, threshold value judgment and the like. The signal collection is to extract each fiber Bragg grating reflection spectrum signal; the preprocessing comprises denoising the signal, filtering out a high-frequency noise signal and obtaining a useful signal sub-spectrum; the peak searching process is to process the signals returned by different time sequences and find the central wavelength of the reflection spectrum signal by a peak searching algorithm; the threshold value is used for judging the central wavelength of each reflection spectrum, and when the wavelength drift of the signal exceeds a certain range, the position where the train arrives is judged. And then the processed signal is transmitted back to a signal processing center, the signal is used as a correction signal for positioning the cross induction loop, and finally the correction signal is processed by a computer 4 to display the position and the speed of the train in real time.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the design idea and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the present invention is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the present invention accordingly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Therefore, all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the principles and concepts disclosed herein are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a high-speed maglev train location speed measurement system that array grating sensing and cross induction return wire combined together which characterized in that: the positioning speed measurement system comprises a pulse light source, a low-reflectivity optical fiber strain sensitive array grating sensor, a signal demodulation unit and a data processor; the low-reflectivity optical fiber strain sensitive array grating sensor is fixed along the side face of the long stator of the train track and comprises grating points which are absolutely positioned every 1-10 m; the low reflectivity is 0.001% -1%;
the light emitted by the pulse light source reaches the low-reflectivity optical fiber strain sensitive array grating sensor and returns, the light is demodulated into an electric signal by the signal demodulation unit in a time division multiplexing mode, and the data processor obtains a strain signal of each grating point according to the demodulated electric signal, so that the train is absolutely positioned between two adjacent grating points in the running process;
then, the train is relatively positioned and tested by using the cross induction loops laid between the adjacent grating points.
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein: the low-reflectivity optical fiber strain sensitive array grating sensor comprises an optical fiber and a packaging structure; wherein,
fiber Bragg gratings with the same wavelength are written on the optical fiber every 1-10m and serve as grating points, and the fiber Bragg gratings with the same wavelength are positioned by utilizing an optical time domain reflection technology in a time division multiplexing mode;
the packaging structure comprises a metal strip, wherein the metal strip is provided with slotted holes used for fixing the optical fibers along the length direction, cylindrical holes are formed in the slotted holes at intervals of 1-10m, a magnetic sheet is arranged in each cylindrical hole, the optical fiber Bragg grating is positioned in the center of each cylindrical hole and above the magnetic sheet, and the metal strip is packaged into a cable along the length direction after the optical fibers are fixed.
3. The system according to claim 2, wherein: the thickness of the metal strip is 2-3mm, and the width of the metal strip is 3-5 mm; the depth of the slotted hole is 0.5mm, and the width is 0.3 mm.
4. A positioning and speed measuring system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the cylindrical hole is cylindrical and has the thickness of 2-3 mm; the magnetic sheet has a diameter of 1-2mm and a thickness of 1-2 mm.
5. The positioning and speed measuring method implemented by the positioning and speed measuring system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that:
when a train passes through a grating point, the position of the grating point is moved due to a strong magnetic field generated by suspension electromagnets arranged on bogies at two sides of the train and magnets laid on a line guide rail, so that the grating point is stressed to shift the central wavelength of a reflection spectrum signal of the grating point, and the physical quantity causing change is measured by detecting the shift quantity of the wavelength of the grating point, so that the real-time running position of the train is obtained, and the absolute positioning of the train is realized;
the method comprises the steps that an alternating current signal with a certain frequency is conducted to a cross induction loop laid on the upper surface of a track beam, and then a signal sent by the loop is detected through a vehicle-mounted antenna; when the train runs, the antenna generates an induced potential which changes according to a certain rule along with the change of the relative position of the train body and the cross induction loop; detecting the period of the induction potential, and dividing the distance between adjacent intersections of the return wires by the period to obtain the current speed of the train;
recording the number of the trains passing through the intersections, and multiplying the distance between adjacent intersections of the return wires by the number of the intersections to obtain the relative displacement of the trains; and correcting the relative displacement of the positioning of the cross induction loop at every 1-10m according to the real-time running position of the train detected by the low-reflectivity optical fiber strain sensitive array grating sensor.
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| CN111751570A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-10-09 | 武汉理工大学 | Array fiber grating sensing system and method for speed measurement and positioning of magnetic suspension train |
| CN111766573A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-10-13 | 武汉烽理光电技术有限公司 | Method and system for improving array grating positioning spatial resolution of Kalman filtering |
| CN112345787A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-02-09 | 武汉理工大学 | Train advancing direction and speed measuring system |
| CN113008580A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-06-22 | 武汉智慧地铁信息技术有限公司 | Train monitoring system and monitoring method based on fiber bragg grating |
| CN114062711A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2022-02-18 | 中国航天科工飞航技术研究院（中国航天海鹰机电技术研究院） | Infrared type vacuum pipeline positioning and speed measuring system and method |
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