CN110747365A - High-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr copper alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr copper alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr copper alloy, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.1 to 0.9 percent of Cr, 0.01 to 0.2 percent of Zr, 0.01 to 0.2 percent of Nb, 0.01 to 0.2 percent of Sc, 0.01 to 0.2 percent of Er, 0.01 to 0.2 percent of Y, 0.01 to 0.2 percent of Mg, and the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities. The CuCrZr copper alloy has reasonable components, uniform distribution of strengthening phases, high volume fraction, fine crystal grains in the alloy, and most of the crystal grains are in the nanometer or submicron level, so the alloy has high strength, high plasticity, high conductivity and good processing formability. The invention also provides a preparation method for preparing the CuCrZr copper alloy, which has the advantages of short process flow, simple operation and low production cost and is suitable for industrial production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-strength and high-conductivity copper alloys, and particularly relates to a high-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr copper alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The high-strength and high-conductivity copper alloy is widely applied to the fields of electrics and electronics, aerospace, high-performance computers, information engineering, automobile industry, rail transit, nuclear reactors and the like. With the development of science and technology, higher and higher performance requirements are put forward on high-strength and high-conductivity copper alloys. Taking a lead frame material as an example, all high-strength and high-conductivity copper alloys of integrated circuits require that the tensile strength of the material is 500-600MPa, the conductivity is more than 75% IACS, and the material has high plasticity and forming performance. The performance of the copper alloy can be improved by introducing Cr and Zr elements into the copper alloy, and the obtained CuCrZr alloy has high strength, high conductivity and good heat-resistant stability. At present, high-plasticity, high-strength and high-conductivity high-end CuCrZr copper alloy products in China still depend on import, and the development of industries such as electronic information, aerospace, rail transit, nuclear reactors and the like in China is severely restricted. Therefore, there is a need for a method for preparing a copper alloy with high plasticity, high strength and high conductivity, which is low in cost, simple in process and suitable for industrial production.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the background technology and provide a CuCrZr copper alloy with high plasticity, high strength and high conductivity and a preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the high-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr copper alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.1 to 0.9 percent of Cr, 0.01 to 0.2 percent of Zr, 0 to 0.2 percent of Nb, 0.01 to 0.2 percent of Sc, 0.01 to 0.2 percent of Er, 0.01 to 0.2 percent of Y, 0.01 to 0.2 percent of Mg, and the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities. The high-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr copper alloy has nano or submicron-scale internal crystal grain size and nano precipitated phase particles distributed in the crystal.
Preferably, the high-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr copper alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.2 to 0.5 percent of Cr, 0.05 to 0.1 percent of Zr, 0.05 to 0.1 percent of Nb, 0.05 to 0.1 percent of Sc, 0.05 to 0.1 percent of Er, 0.05 to 0.1 percent of Y, 0.05 to 0.1 percent of Mg, and the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities.
According to the technical scheme, the alloy mainly comprises Cr, Zr, Nb, Sc, Er, Y, Mg and other main alloying elements by reasonably designing the alloy components and the content thereof, wherein the Nb and the Cr can be separated out to obtain Cr2Nb nano particles, Cr can form nano precipitated phase particles, Zr can form Cu with Cu5Zr nano-particles, Sc can form Cu with Cu3Sc nano-particles, Er can form Cu with Cu7Er3Nanoparticles, Y may form Cu with Cu6Y nano particles, so that a multi-element coordination strengthening phase occupying different volume fractions is precipitated in the alloy, and partial Zr, Sc, Er and Y atoms can form a core-shell structure on the surface of the precipitated phase and inhibit the growth of the precipitated phase, so that nano precipitated phase particles are maintained; meanwhile, trace Mg can form solute atoms, and a good solid solution strengthening effect is achieved.
As a general inventive concept, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned high-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr-based copper alloy, comprising the steps of:
(1) preparing materials according to the weight percentage of the elements, firstly putting a copper source and a chromium source into a non-vacuum heating furnace for melting, then adding a niobium source, a scandium source, an erbium source, an yttrium source and a zirconium source, finally adding a magnesium source for avoiding burning loss, and forming an alloy melt after uniform melting;
(2) semi-continuously casting the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) into a cylindrical ingot to obtain the cylindrical ingot;
(3) homogenizing the cylindrical cast ingot after the step (2);
(4) preserving the heat of the homogenized cylindrical cast ingot after the step (3), and then performing hot extrusion;
(5) pickling the hot extrusion bar material obtained in the step (4), and then carrying out solid solution treatment;
(6) washing the bar material after the step (5), and then carrying out drawing deformation;
(7) pickling the wire rod obtained in the step (6), and then carrying out aging treatment;
(8) and (4) performing stress relief annealing treatment on the wire rod obtained in the step (7) to eliminate internal stress and dislocation, so as to obtain the high-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr copper alloy.
According to the preparation method, due to the adoption of the drawing deformation and the aging treatment after the solution treatment, a large amount of nano-phase is precipitated in the alloy, so that the strength and the plasticity of the alloy can be improved at the same time.
In the preparation method, preferably, in the step (1), in order to ensure that the alloy raw materials are fully melted and simultaneously reduce the burning loss to the maximum extent, the copper source and the chromium source are firstly put into a non-vacuum heating furnace for melting, the melting temperature is controlled to 1350-; then carrying out slag skimming treatment, and standing for 15-30 min.
In the above preparation method, preferably, in the step (2), the semi-continuous casting temperature is 1050-. The invention adopts semi-continuous casting to obtain the cylindrical cast ingot, can improve the yield of products in the subsequent thermomechanical treatment process, is beneficial to obtaining bar and wire/bar products with the product performance reaching the standard, and can improve the production efficiency and reduce the production cost.
In the preparation method, preferably, in the step (3), the temperature of the homogenization treatment is 920-. The homogenization treatment process can remove dendrite segregation, so that alloying elements are uniformly distributed in the ingot, and the cylindrical bar with uniform tissue structure is obtained.
In the preparation method, preferably, in the step (4), the cylindrical ingot is subjected to heat preservation at 850-900 ℃ for 0.5-1h, and the extrusion ratio of hot extrusion is 5-10. The homogenized cylindrical cast ingot is then subjected to heat preservation and hot extrusion cogging, so that the production cost is saved, the size of the bar is effectively reduced, and a fine grain structure is obtained.
In the preparation method, preferably, in the step (5), the temperature of the solution treatment is 900-. The solid solution treatment can effectively dissolve alloying elements into the matrix, and is a foundation for strengthening and accumulating subsequent precipitation.
In the above production method, preferably, in the step (6), the total strain amount of the drawing deformation is 3 to 10.
In the preparation method, preferably, in the step (7), the temperature of the aging treatment is 450-; in the step (8), the temperature of the stress relief annealing treatment is 200-280 ℃, and the time is 0.5-2 h.
According to the technical scheme, the supersaturation degree of solute atoms in the thermomechanical treatment process of the alloy is increased by reasonably setting process steps and optimizing process parameters, and the addition of Nb, Sc, Er and Y elements enables the alloy to have Cr phases and Cr phases with main enhancement effect2Nb phase, Cu3Sc phase, Cu7Er3Phase and Cu6The total content of various strengthening phases such as Y and the like is increased, and the effect of resisting movement of dislocation relative to strengthening is enhanced, so that the strength of the alloy is obviously increased. Meanwhile, Mg is added to form replacement atoms, so that the crystal lattice is greatly distorted, and the alloy is strengthened. Because Cr, Nb, Zr, Sc, Er, Y and other elements in the supersaturated solid solution can be precipitated through aging to form a precipitation phase capable of strengthening the matrix, and the copper matrix can be purified, the resistance to electron movement is reduced, the resistance of the alloy is small, the conductivity is improved, and finally the high-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr elastic copper alloy with high strength, high conductivity and high plasticity is obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the high-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr copper alloy has reasonable alloy components, uniform distribution of strengthening phases in the alloy, high volume fraction, fine crystal grains in the alloy, and most of the crystal grains are in the nano-scale or submicron-scale, so that the alloy has high strength, high plasticity, high conductivity and good processing formability, the tensile strength of a prepared sample is up to 500-650MPa, the yield strength is up to 270-350MPa, the conductivity is up to 75.0-90.0% IACS, and the elongation is up to 14.5-35.5%.
(2) The preparation method of the CuCrZr copper alloy with high plasticity, high strength and high conductivity has the advantages of short process flow, simple operation and low production cost, and is suitable for industrial production.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a metallographic photograph of a CuCrZr-based copper alloy produced in example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a transmission electron micrograph of a CuCrZr-based copper alloy prepared in example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a tensile stress-strain curve of a CuCrZr-based copper alloy produced in example 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will be described more fully and in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments below.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms of art used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or can be prepared by existing methods.
Example 1:
the invention relates to a high-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr copper alloy, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.1% of Cr, 0.01% of Zr, 0.01% of Nb, 0.01% of Sc, 0.01% of Er, 0.01% of Y, 0.01% of Mg, and the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities.
The preparation method of the high-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr copper alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials according to the weight percentage of the elements, firstly putting a copper source and a chromium source into a non-vacuum heating furnace for melting, controlling the melting temperature to be 1350 ℃, cooling to 1250 ℃ after the materials are completely melted, then adding a niobium source, a scandium source, an erbium source, an yttrium source and a zirconium source, finally adding a magnesium source, forming an alloy melt after uniform melting, and then carrying out slagging-off and standing treatment for 20 min;
(2) semi-continuously casting the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) to obtain a cylindrical ingot, wherein the casting temperature is 1080 ℃, the casting speed is 40mm/min, and the cooling water pressure is 0.20 MPa;
(3) homogenizing the cylindrical ingot obtained in the step (2) at 920 ℃ for 2 h;
(4) heating and insulating the cylindrical cast ingot after the step (3), and then carrying out hot extrusion to obtain an extruded bar; the heat preservation temperature before hot extrusion is 900 ℃, the heat preservation time is 0.5h, and the extrusion ratio is 5;
(5) pickling the hot extrusion bar material obtained in the step (4), and then carrying out solid solution treatment; the temperature of the solution treatment is 950 ℃, and the time is 2 h;
(6) pickling the bar material obtained in the step (5), and then carrying out cold drawing; the total dependent variable is 4;
(7) pickling the wire rod obtained in the step (6), and then carrying out aging treatment; the aging treatment temperature is 450 ℃, and the time is 0.5 h;
(8) and (4) carrying out low-temperature annealing treatment on the wire rod obtained in the step (7), wherein the annealing treatment temperature is 200 ℃ and the annealing treatment time is 2h, so that the high-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr copper alloy is obtained.
Example 2:
the invention relates to a high-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr copper alloy, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.3% of Cr, 0.05% of Zr, 0.02% of Nb, 0.02% of Er, 0.02% of Sc, 0.02% of Y, 0.02% of Mg, and the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities.
The preparation method of the high-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr copper alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials according to the weight percentage of the elements, firstly putting a copper source and a chromium source into a non-vacuum heating furnace for melting, controlling the melting temperature to be 1360 ℃, cooling to 1250 ℃ after the materials are completely melted, then adding a niobium source, a scandium source, an erbium source, an yttrium source and a zirconium source, finally adding a magnesium source, forming an alloy melt after uniform melting, and then carrying out slagging-off and standing treatment for 15 min;
(2) semi-continuously casting the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) to obtain a cylindrical ingot; the casting temperature is 1150 ℃, the casting speed is 35mm/min, and the cooling water pressure is 0.18 MPa;
(3) homogenizing the cylindrical ingot obtained in the step (2) at 930 ℃ for 2 h;
(4) heating and insulating the cylindrical cast ingot after the step (3), and then carrying out hot extrusion to obtain an extruded bar; the heat preservation temperature before hot extrusion is 900 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1h, and the extrusion ratio is 6;
(5) pickling the hot extrusion bar material obtained in the step (4), and then carrying out solid solution treatment; the temperature of the solution treatment is 900 ℃, and the time is 4 h;
(6) pickling the bar material obtained in the step (5), and then carrying out cold drawing; the total strain of cold drawing is 6;
(7) pickling the wire rod obtained in the step (6), and then carrying out aging treatment; the aging treatment temperature is 450 ℃, and the time is 1 h;
(8) and (4) carrying out low-temperature annealing treatment on the wire rod obtained in the step (7), wherein the annealing treatment temperature is 220 ℃ and the annealing treatment time is 1h, so that the high-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr copper alloy is obtained.
Example 3:
the invention relates to a high-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr copper alloy, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.4% of Cr, 0.08% of Zr, 0.08% of Nb, 0.08% of Sc, 0.08% of Er, 0.08% of Y, 0.05% of Mg, and the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities.
The preparation method of the high-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr copper alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials according to the weight percentage of the elements, firstly putting a copper source and a chromium source into a non-vacuum heating furnace for melting, controlling the melting temperature to be 1350 ℃, cooling to 1280 ℃ after the materials are completely melted, then adding a niobium source, a scandium source, an erbium source, an yttrium source and a zirconium source, finally adding a magnesium source, forming an alloy melt after uniform melting, and then carrying out slagging-off and standing treatment for 20 min;
(2) semi-continuously casting the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) to obtain a cylindrical ingot, wherein the casting temperature is 1100 ℃, the casting speed is 30mm/min, and the cooling water pressure is 0.15 MPa;
(3) homogenizing the cylindrical ingot obtained in the step (2) at 920 ℃ for 3 h;
(4) heating and insulating the cylindrical cast ingot after the step (3), and then carrying out hot extrusion to obtain an extruded bar; the heat preservation temperature before hot extrusion is 850 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1h, and the extrusion ratio is 6;
(5) pickling the hot extrusion bar material obtained in the step (4), and then carrying out solid solution treatment; the temperature of the solution treatment is 950 ℃, and the time is 0.5 h;
(6) pickling the bar material obtained in the step (5), and then carrying out cold drawing; the total dependent variable is 6;
(7) pickling the wire rod obtained in the step (6), and then carrying out aging treatment; the aging treatment temperature is 450 ℃, and the time is 1 h;
(8) and (4) carrying out low-temperature annealing treatment on the wire rod obtained in the step (7), wherein the annealing treatment temperature is 250 ℃ and the annealing treatment time is 0.5h, so as to obtain the high-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr copper alloy.
The metallographic photograph of the CuCrZr-based copper alloy of the present example is shown in FIG. 1, and it is understood from the figure that the CuCrZr-based copper alloy has a small crystal grain size, less intragranular segregation, and a distribution of partial Cr2Nb particles are favorable for inhibiting the growth of crystal grains. As shown in fig. 2, it can be seen from the transmission electron microscope photograph of the CuCrZr copper alloy of the present embodiment that the grain size of the CuCrZr copper alloy is a nano-grain or a submicron grain, and the grain has high strength and plasticity, and can provide a group with high precision forming for subsequent processingAnd (4) weaving a structure foundation. The tensile stress-strain curve of the CuCrZr-based copper alloy of the present example is shown in fig. 3, and it can be seen from the graph that the alloy prepared by the method of the present invention not only obtains high strength, but also obtains high elongation, indicating that the alloy material has both excellent strength and plasticity.
Example 4:
the invention relates to a high-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr copper alloy, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.6% of Cr, 0.1% of Zr, 0.1% of Nb, 0.08% of Sc0.08%, 0.08% of Er, 0.08% of Y, 0.08% of Mg, and the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities.
The preparation method of the high-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr copper alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials according to the weight percentage of the elements, firstly putting a copper source and a chromium source into a non-vacuum heating furnace for melting, controlling the melting temperature to be 1400 ℃, cooling to 1280 ℃ after the materials are completely melted, then adding a niobium source, a scandium source, an erbium source, an yttrium source and a zirconium source, finally adding a magnesium source, forming an alloy melt after uniform melting, and then carrying out slagging-off and standing treatment for 30 min;
(2) semi-continuously casting the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) to obtain a cylindrical ingot, wherein the casting temperature is 1250 ℃, the casting speed is 25mm/min, and the cooling water pressure is 0.15 MPa;
(3) homogenizing the cylindrical ingot obtained in the step (2) at 940 ℃ for 2.5h,
(4) heating and insulating the cylindrical cast ingot after the step (3), and then carrying out hot extrusion to obtain an extruded bar; the heat preservation temperature before hot extrusion is 880 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1h, and the extrusion ratio is 5;
(5) pickling the hot extrusion bar material obtained in the step (4), and then carrying out solid solution treatment; the temperature of the solution treatment is 940 ℃, and the time is 4 h;
(6) pickling the bar material obtained in the step (5), and then carrying out cold drawing; the total dependent variable is 6;
(7) pickling the wire rod obtained in the step (6), and then carrying out aging treatment; the aging treatment temperature is 450 ℃, and the time is 2 h;
(8) and (4) carrying out low-temperature annealing treatment on the wire rod obtained in the step (7), wherein the annealing treatment temperature is 250 ℃ and the annealing treatment time is 1.5h, so as to obtain the high-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr copper alloy.
Example 5:
the invention relates to a high-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr copper alloy, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.8% of Cr, 0.12% of Zr, 0.12% of Nb, 0.1% of Sc, 0.1% of Er, 0.1% of Y, 0.1% of Mg, and the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities.
The preparation method of the high-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr copper alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials according to the weight percentage of the elements, firstly putting a copper source and a chromium source into a non-vacuum heating furnace for melting, controlling the melting temperature to be 1350 ℃, cooling to 1290 ℃ after the materials are completely melted, then adding a niobium source, a scandium source, an erbium source, an yttrium source and a zirconium source, finally adding a magnesium source, forming an alloy melt after uniform melting, and then carrying out slagging-off and standing treatment for 25 min;
(2) semi-continuously casting the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) to obtain a cylindrical ingot, wherein the casting temperature is 1200 ℃, the casting speed is 25mm/min, and the cooling water pressure is 0.15 MPa;
(3) homogenizing the cylindrical ingot obtained in the step (2) at 930 ℃ for 4 h;
(4) heating and insulating the cylindrical cast ingot after the step (3), and then carrying out hot extrusion to obtain an extruded bar; the heat preservation temperature before hot extrusion is 880 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1h, and the extrusion ratio is 10;
(5) pickling the hot extrusion bar material obtained in the step (4), and then carrying out solid solution treatment; the temperature of the solution treatment is 960 ℃, and the time is 4 h;
(6) pickling the bar material obtained in the step (5), and then carrying out cold drawing; the total dependent variable is 6;
(7) pickling the wire rod obtained in the step (6), and then carrying out aging treatment; the aging treatment temperature is 450 ℃, and the time is 1 h;
(8) and (4) carrying out low-temperature annealing treatment on the wire rod obtained in the step (7), wherein the annealing treatment temperature is 280 ℃ and the annealing treatment time is 0.5h, so as to obtain the high-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr copper alloy.
Example 6:
the invention relates to a high-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr copper alloy, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.9% of Cr, 0.2% of Zr, 0.2% of Nb0.2%, 0.2% of Sc, 0.2% of Er, 0.2% of Y, 0.2% of Mg, and the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities.
The preparation method of the high-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr copper alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials according to the weight percentage of the elements, firstly putting a copper source and a chromium source into a non-vacuum heating furnace for melting, controlling the melting temperature to be 1400 ℃, cooling to 1300 ℃ after the copper source and the chromium source are completely melted, then adding a niobium source, a scandium source, an erbium source, an yttrium source and a zirconium source, finally adding a magnesium source, forming an alloy melt after uniform melting, and then carrying out slagging-off and standing treatment for 30 min;
(2) semi-continuously casting the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) to obtain a cylindrical ingot, wherein the casting temperature is 1200 ℃, the casting speed is 10mm/min, and the cooling water pressure is 0.05 MPa;
(3) homogenizing the cylindrical ingot obtained in the step (2) at 950 ℃ for 2 h;
(4) heating and insulating the cylindrical cast ingot after the step (3), and then carrying out hot extrusion to obtain an extruded bar; the heat preservation temperature before hot extrusion is 900 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1h, and the extrusion ratio is 5;
(5) pickling the hot extrusion bar material obtained in the step (4), and then carrying out solid solution treatment; the temperature of the solution treatment is 980 ℃ and the time is 2 h;
(6) pickling the bar material obtained in the step (5), and then carrying out cold drawing; the total dependent variable is 10;
(7) pickling the wire rod obtained in the step (6), and then carrying out aging treatment; the aging treatment temperature is 500 ℃, and the time is 0.5 h;
(8) and (4) carrying out low-temperature annealing treatment on the wire rod obtained in the step (7), wherein the annealing treatment temperature is 280 ℃ and the annealing treatment time is 0.5h, so as to obtain the high-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr copper alloy.
Comparative example 1:
a CuCrZr copper alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.4% of Cr, 0.08% of Zr, and the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities.
The preparation method of the CuCrZr copper alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials according to the weight percentage of the elements, firstly putting a copper source and a chromium source into a non-vacuum heating furnace for melting, controlling the melting temperature to be 1350 ℃, cooling to 1250 ℃ after the materials are completely melted, then adding a niobium source, a scandium source, an erbium source, an yttrium source and a zirconium source, finally adding a magnesium source, forming an alloy melt after uniform melting, and then carrying out slagging-off and standing treatment for 20 min;
(2) semi-continuously casting the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) to obtain a cylindrical ingot, wherein the casting temperature is 1250 ℃, the casting speed is 20mm/min, and the cooling water pressure is 0.25 MPa;
(3) homogenizing the cylindrical ingot obtained in the step (2) at 920 ℃ for 2h,
(4) heating and insulating the cylindrical cast ingot after the step (3), and then carrying out hot extrusion to obtain an extruded bar; the heat preservation temperature before hot extrusion is 880 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 hours, and the extrusion ratio is 5;
(5) pickling the hot extrusion bar material obtained in the step (4), and then carrying out solid solution treatment; the temperature of the solution treatment is 960 ℃, and the time is 2 h;
(6) pickling the bar material obtained in the step (5), and then carrying out cold drawing; the total dependent variable is 8;
(7) pickling the wire rod obtained in the step (6), and then carrying out aging treatment; the aging treatment temperature is 450 ℃, and the time is 1 h;
(8) and (4) carrying out low-temperature annealing treatment on the wire rod obtained in the step (7), wherein the annealing treatment temperature is 250 ℃ and the annealing treatment time is 0.5h, so as to obtain the high-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr copper alloy.
Comparative example 2:
a CuCrZr copper alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.4% of Cr, 0.08% of Zr, 0.05% of Nb, 0.05% of Sc, 0.05% of Mg, and the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities.
The preparation method of the CuCrZr copper alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials according to the weight percentage of the elements, firstly putting a copper source and a chromium source into a non-vacuum heating furnace for melting, controlling the melting temperature to be 1350 ℃, cooling to 1180 ℃ after the copper source and the chromium source are completely melted, then adding a niobium source, a magnesium source, a scandium source and a zirconium source, and forming an alloy melt after uniform melting;
(2) continuously casting the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) into a plate blank to obtain an ingot casting plate blank; the continuous casting temperature is 1100 ℃, the casting speed is 30mm/min, and the cooling water pressure is 0.15 MPa;
(3) pickling the cast-rolled plate obtained in the step (2), and then carrying out solid solution treatment; the temperature of the solution treatment is 850 ℃, and the time is 4 hours;
(4) pickling the plate obtained in the step (3), and then carrying out cold rolling; the rolling deformation of cold rolling is 60 percent;
(5) pickling the plate obtained in the step (4), and then carrying out aging treatment; the aging treatment temperature is 450 ℃, and the time is 1 h;
(6) carrying out low-temperature annealing treatment on the plate obtained in the step (5) to obtain a CuCrZr copper alloy; the temperature of the annealing treatment is 250 ℃ and the time is 1 h.
The properties of the CuCrZr-based copper alloys obtained in examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were measured at room temperature, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Properties of CuCrZr-based copper alloys obtained in inventive examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 2
As can be seen from Table 1, compared with comparative examples 1-2, the CuCrZr copper alloys prepared by the method of the present invention have uniform structure, and the CuCrZr copper alloys prepared in examples 1-6 all have higher tensile strength, electrical conductivity, elongation and product of strength and elongation. In contrast, in comparative example 1, no Nb, Sc, Er, Y, Mg or other elements are added, so that the tensile strength of the material is low, the elongation is small, and the obtained product of strength and elongation is very small. Comparative example 2 although the same elemental composition as in example 3 was used, since the process used in the preparation method was a continuous casting and rolling process, the process route was different, and the overall properties of the product were not high.
Claims (10)
1. The high-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr copper alloy is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 0.1 to 0.9 percent of Cr, 0.01 to 0.2 percent of Zr, 0.01 to 0.2 percent of Nb, 0.01 to 0.2 percent of Sc, 0.01 to 0.2 percent of Er, 0.01 to 0.2 percent of Y, 0.01 to 0.2 percent of Mg, and the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities.
2. The high-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr-based copper alloy according to claim 1, wherein the high-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr-based copper alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.2 to 0.5 percent of Cr, 0.05 to 0.1 percent of Zr, 0.05 to 0.1 percent of Nb, 0.05 to 0.1 percent of Sc, 0.05 to 0.1 percent of Er, 0.05 to 0.1 percent of Y, 0.05 to 0.1 percent of Mg, and the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities.
3. A method for producing the high-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr-based copper alloy according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(1) preparing materials according to the weight percentage of the elements, firstly putting a copper source and a chromium source into a non-vacuum heating furnace for melting, then adding a niobium source, a scandium source, an erbium source, an yttrium source and a zirconium source, finally adding a magnesium source, and forming an alloy melt after uniformly melting;
(2) semi-continuously casting the alloy melt obtained in the step (1) into a cylindrical ingot to obtain the cylindrical ingot;
(3) homogenizing the cylindrical cast ingot after the step (2);
(4) preserving the heat of the homogenized cylindrical cast ingot after the step (3), and then performing hot extrusion;
(5) pickling the hot extrusion bar material obtained in the step (4), and then carrying out solid solution treatment;
(6) washing the bar material after the step (5), and then carrying out drawing deformation;
(7) pickling the wire rod obtained in the step (6), and then carrying out aging treatment;
(8) and (4) performing stress relief annealing treatment on the wire rod obtained in the step (7) to obtain the high-plasticity high-strength high-conductivity CuCrZr series copper alloy.
4. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein in the step (1), the copper source and the chromium source are firstly placed into a non-vacuum heating furnace for melting, the melting temperature is controlled to 1350-; then carrying out slag skimming treatment, and standing for 15-30 min.
5. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the semi-continuous casting temperature in step (2) is 1050-.
6. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the homogenization treatment temperature in step (3) is 920-950 ℃, and the holding time is 2-4 h.
7. The preparation method as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the step (4), the cylindrical ingot is subjected to heat preservation at 850-900 ℃ for 0.5-1h, and the extrusion ratio of hot extrusion is 5-10.
8. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the solution treatment in step (5) is carried out at a temperature of 900-980 ℃ for a time of 0.5-4 h.
9. The production method according to claim 3, wherein in the step (6), the total strain amount of the drawing deformation is 3 to 10.
10. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein in the step (7), the temperature of the aging treatment is 450-500 ℃ and the time is 0.5-8 h; in the step (8), the temperature of the stress relief annealing treatment is 200-280 ℃, and the time is 0.5-2 h.
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