CN110746248A - Special base fertilizer for rice - Google Patents
Special base fertilizer for rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN110746248A CN110746248A CN201911263820.9A CN201911263820A CN110746248A CN 110746248 A CN110746248 A CN 110746248A CN 201911263820 A CN201911263820 A CN 201911263820A CN 110746248 A CN110746248 A CN 110746248A
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- molybdenum
- slag
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
Abstract
The invention provides a special base fertilizer for rice, which belongs to fertile crops and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 9-11 parts of urea, 8-12 parts of diammonium phosphate, 3-4 parts of potassium chloride, 1-2 parts of zinc sulfate, 1-2 parts of copper sulfate, 5-6 parts of calcium magnesium silicate, 0.1-0.25 part of molybdenum-containing slag, 1-2 parts of manganese-containing steelmaking slag, 20-35 parts of animal manure, 5-7 parts of soybean meal, 10-15 parts of biochar and 20-35 parts of pond sludge. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the nutritional requirements of rice, the content of N, P, K elements is reasonably proportioned; molybdenum, iron and manganese are supplemented by using the molybdenum-containing slag and the steelmaking slag, so that the price is low, the waste is utilized, and the environment is protected; adding biochar to improve the moisture retention and the looseness of the land; by adding the animal manure, the bean pulp and the pond sludge organic fertilizer, the nutrition is more comprehensive, the fertilizer can be exerted for a longer time, the use amount of the fertilizer is reduced, the soil performance is improved, and the soil is not easy to harden, acidify and salinize.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural fertilizers, and particularly relates to a special base fertilizer for rice.
Background
Rice belongs to fertile crops, can normally grow only by absorbing various nutrient elements from soil, wherein the nutrient elements comprise nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, silicon, magnesium, calcium, sulfur, iron, zinc, manganese, boron, copper, molybdenum and the like, the requirement of the growth and development of the rice cannot be met only by soil supply, and the rice can grow badly due to lack of the nutrient elements, thereby reducing yield.
The zinc promotes the photosynthesis of chlorophyll, is a catalyst of enzyme reaction, promotes the respiration and the synthesis of protein starch, the middle vein of a new rice leaf and the basal parts of the leaves at two sides of the new rice leaf are faded and yellowed due to the zinc deficiency and are gradually changed into brownish red streak, the distance between the leaf pillows is flat or misplaced when the rice is serious, the old leaf sheath is even higher than the new leaf sheath, and the rice becomes inverted seedling, for example, the symptoms last to the mature period, the plant is extremely dwarfed, the leaf is small, the node is difficult to pull out, the tillering is loose, the maturation is delayed, although the rice can be pulled out to the ear, and most of the rice is thin; calcium is an element forming cell walls, is beneficial to cell division and promotes growth, plants are short and tissues are aged when the calcium is deficient, young leaves are curled and dried up, the front ends and the leaf margins of the shaped new leaves are withered and yellow, and old leaves still keep green, have less fruit and are shriveled; nitrogen is a basic substance of protein, tillering generation, root, stem and leaf growth and yield structure are determined, and the phenomenon of nitrogen deficiency is that the color of the leaf changes from green to yellow from the leaf apex, and the leaf expands to the base part of the leaf along the midrib in an inverted V shape until the whole leaf is green and yellow, tillering is little or no tillering, the lower part of the rice plant has more dry leaves, no closing or delayed closing, and small panicle grain is little; phosphorus promotes photosynthesis, resistance is enhanced, the quality and the yield are high, and the symptom of phosphorus deficiency is that lower leaves are dark green and gradually develop towards upper leaves, then old leaves are withered and yellow, the lower leaves are longitudinally curled in serious cases, and leaves have purplish brown or rufous spots; the plant growth is not obviously different from the normal condition, but the leaves are upright and narrow, the phosphorus-deficient stiff seedlings are one of the common physiological diseases in the seedling stage, the growth is slow after the plants are planted, the plant types are upright, tillering or little tillering is avoided, the plants are called as 'one-column incense', the phosphorus deficiency is one of inducements except the insufficient phosphorus supply of soil, and the low-temperature and humid climatic conditions are also one of inducements; potassium promotes protein synthesis, promotes carbohydrate operation and polymerization, ensures that rice has high quality and yield, prevents collapse, regulates photosynthesis and respiration, leaves appear reddish brown scorched tips and spots from lower leaves and gradually expand towards upper leaves when potassium is deficient, the surface of field landscape rice becomes red like flaming when the plant height is serious, the leaf color is dark, the heading is uneven, the heading rate is low, the spike shape is small, the seed set is poor, the seeds are not full, and the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium required by the rice is about 1:0.5: 1.3; copper is a component of oxidase, influences the redox process of plants, the tip of a new leaf in a copper-deficient tillering stage is whitish and curled, then the new leaf is totally white, slender and twisted, old leaves are bent or broken at the leaf tongue, the tillering is more and in a cluster shape, but most of the new leaves cannot stem to form ears or the extracted ears are distorted and deformed, and are not fructious or only a few of the new leaves are fruited; sulfur promotes protein metabolism synthesis, sulfur deficiency and reversion are slow, tillering is not realized or few tillering is realized, the plant is thin and short, the leaf blade is thin, the young leaf is light green or yellow green, the leaf tip has water-immersed circular brown spots, the leaf tip is scorched, the root system is dark brown, the white root is few, and the growth period is delayed; calcium is an element forming cell walls, cell division is facilitated, growth is promoted, the lack of calcium turns yellow from young leaves, curls and withers, growing points are inhibited or die, and plants are short; magnesium is a chlorophyll component, and activators of various enzymes have certain effects on nucleic acid and protein metabolism, the veins of the lower leaves are obviously green when the magnesium is deficient, the veins are light yellow stripes, the veins are further expanded to the longitudinal yellowing of the whole leaves, and the final edges are tawny spots or plaques which become dry and dead; iron is a catalyst for chlorophyll synthesis, has obvious effect on sugar synthesis, and the iron-deficient newborn leaves lose green first, and the pulse loses green, and the whole leaves turn yellow or white without spikes; manganese is an enzyme activator in glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle, leaves are green between pulses when manganese is deficient, fine brown spots appear, and tissues are easy to necrotize; the silicon promotes the silicification of the cuticle of the epidermal cell, resists diseases, insects and lodging, promotes oxygen to enter the root, improves the root function, improves the photosynthesis intensity, promotes the transportation of nutrients to the ear, increases the yield and has high quality, and when the silicon is deficient, the growth is slow, the plant is short and small, the leaf becomes yellow, and tillering is avoided or less; molybdenum is an important component of nitrate reductase and is a component of azotase, molybdenum deficiency generally causes diseases 35 days after transplantation, when severe, the middle and upper leaf veins have slight chlorosis, later, the diseased leaves develop horizontally, and at the last stage, the diseased leaves are grayish green.
The patents related to the research content of the present invention are as follows:
CN109384577A discloses a novel special fertilizer for rice, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 40-60 parts of urea, 2-4 parts of ammonium molybdate, 8-16 parts of illite, 6-12 parts of a phosphate compound, 6-18 parts of calcite, 4-8 parts of ammonium molybdate heptahydrate, 4-8 parts of guar gum, 6-8 parts of aluminum sulfate, 3-5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 2-4 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3-6 parts of copper sulfate and 6-8 parts of a water soluble initiator, wherein the fertilizer contains substances which are all soluble in water and can be rapidly diffused to the root system of rice, so that the fertilizer is more beneficial to absorption of the rice.
CN107867920A discloses a special fertilizer for rice, which is composed of the following substances in parts by weight: 70-76 parts of fermented chicken manure, 2-5 parts of talcum powder, 1-2 parts of silicon fertilizer, 1-2 parts of phosphate solubilizing bacteria, 4-6 parts of tung oil, 12-15 parts of urea, 15-24 parts of potassium chloride, 1-2 parts of zinc phosphate, 0.5-1.5 parts of radix notoginseng powder, 1-2 parts of paulownia sawdust, 1-2 parts of iron ore sand, 1-2 parts of potassium feldspar and 3-5 parts of peat soil. The compound fertilizer prepared by reasonably compounding various nutrient elements required by the growth of the rice has the advantages of light weight, excellent water retention, fertilizer retention and slow release performance, good absorption, quick response, cost saving, high yield, obvious yield improvement and rice yield increase.
CN106883064A discloses a special fertilizer for rice. The composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of urea, 15-17 parts of calcium phosphate, 11-14 parts of calcium superphosphate, 10-14 parts of potassium chloride, 12-15 parts of potassium sulfate, 10-12 parts of silicon fertilizer, 7-12 parts of bean pulp, 9-12 parts of ferrous sulfate, 5-7 parts of magnesium sulfate, 7-8 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 6-10 parts of copper sulfate, 5-7 parts of zinc sulfate, 4-7 parts of manganese sulfate, 1-2 parts of nitrohumic acid, 3-5 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 3-5 parts of disodium guanylate, 1-2 parts of disodium inosinate, 1-3 parts of silicate mineral powder and 60-70 parts of water. It is suitable for the growth and development of rice in different stages.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a special base fertilizer suitable for rice.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the paint comprises the following components in parts by weight: 9-11 parts of urea, 8-12 parts of diammonium phosphate, 3-4 parts of potassium chloride, 1-2 parts of zinc sulfate, 1-2 parts of copper sulfate, 5-6 parts of calcium magnesium silicate, 0.1-0.25 part of molybdenum-containing slag, 1-2 parts of manganese-containing steelmaking slag, 20-35 parts of animal manure, 5-7 parts of soybean meal, 10-15 parts of biochar and 20-35 parts of pond sludge.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the nutritional requirements of rice, the content of N, P, K elements is reasonably proportioned; molybdenum, iron and manganese are supplemented by using the molybdenum-containing slag and the steelmaking slag, so that the price is low, the waste is utilized, and the environment is protected; adding biochar to improve the moisture retention and the looseness of the land; by adding the animal manure, the bean pulp and the pond sludge organic fertilizer, the nutrition is more comprehensive, the fertilizer can be exerted for a longer time, the use amount of the fertilizer is reduced, the soil performance is improved, and the soil is not easy to harden, acidify and salinize.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below by way of specific examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the formula is as follows: 9 parts of urea, 12 parts of diammonium phosphate, 3 parts of potassium chloride, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, 2 parts of copper sulfate, 6 parts of calcium magnesium silicate, 0.1 part of molybdenum-containing slag, 2 parts of manganese-containing steelmaking slag, 35 parts of animal manure, 5 parts of soybean meal, 15 parts of charcoal and 20 parts of pond sludge.
Example two:
the formula is as follows: 10 parts of urea, 11 parts of diammonium phosphate, 4 parts of potassium chloride, 1 part of zinc sulfate, 1 part of copper sulfate, 5 parts of calcium magnesium silicate, 0.15 part of molybdenum-containing slag, 1 part of manganese-containing steelmaking slag, 20 parts of animal manure, 7 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of charcoal and 35 parts of pond sludge.
Example three:
the formula is as follows: 11 parts of urea, 10 parts of diammonium phosphate, 3.5 parts of potassium chloride, 1.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 1.5 parts of copper sulfate, 5.5 parts of calcium magnesium silicate, 0.2 part of molybdenum-containing slag, 1.5 parts of manganese-containing steelmaking slag, 25 parts of animal manure, 6 parts of bean pulp, 12 parts of biochar and 30 parts of pond sludge.
Example four:
the formula is as follows: 10 parts of urea, 8 parts of diammonium phosphate, 4 parts of potassium chloride, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, 2 parts of copper sulfate, 6 parts of calcium magnesium silicate, 0.25 part of molybdenum-containing slag, 2 parts of manganese-containing steelmaking slag, 28 parts of animal manure, 5-parts of soybean meal, 13 parts of biochar and 25 parts of pond sludge.
Before rice sowing and land leveling, the fertilizer of the fourth embodiment of the invention is used, 120kg of fertilizer is used per mu, various deficiency diseases of rice can be avoided, rice plants are tall and strong, tillering is more and regular, rice ears are full, and the yield is increased by 13.6-20.4%.
Claims (7)
1. The base fertilizer special for rice is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 9-11 parts of urea, 8-12 parts of diammonium phosphate, 3-4 parts of potassium chloride, 1-2 parts of zinc sulfate, 1-2 parts of copper sulfate, 5-6 parts of calcium magnesium silicate, 0.1-0.25 part of molybdenum-containing slag, 1-2 parts of manganese-containing steelmaking slag, 20-35 parts of animal manure, 5-7 parts of soybean meal, 10-15 parts of biochar and 20-35 parts of pond sludge.
2. The base fertilizer special for rice as claimed in claim 1, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 9 parts of urea, 12 parts of diammonium phosphate, 3 parts of potassium chloride, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, 2 parts of copper sulfate, 6 parts of calcium magnesium silicate, 0.1 part of molybdenum-containing slag, 2 parts of manganese-containing steelmaking slag, 35 parts of animal manure, 5 parts of soybean meal, 15 parts of charcoal and 20 parts of pond sludge.
3. The base fertilizer special for rice as claimed in claim 1, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of urea, 11 parts of diammonium phosphate, 4 parts of potassium chloride, 1 part of zinc sulfate, 1 part of copper sulfate, 5 parts of calcium magnesium silicate, 0.15 part of molybdenum-containing slag, 1 part of manganese-containing steelmaking slag, 20 parts of animal manure, 7 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of charcoal and 35 parts of pond sludge.
4. The base fertilizer special for rice as claimed in claim 1, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 11 parts of urea, 10 parts of diammonium phosphate, 3.5 parts of potassium chloride, 1.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 1.5 parts of copper sulfate, 5.5 parts of calcium magnesium silicate, 0.2 part of molybdenum-containing slag, 1.5 parts of manganese-containing steelmaking slag, 25 parts of animal manure, 6 parts of bean pulp, 12 parts of biochar and 30 parts of pond sludge.
5. The base fertilizer special for rice as claimed in claim 1, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of urea, 8 parts of diammonium phosphate, 4 parts of potassium chloride, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, 2 parts of copper sulfate, 6 parts of calcium magnesium silicate, 0.25 part of molybdenum-containing slag, 2 parts of manganese-containing steelmaking slag, 28 parts of animal manure, 5-parts of soybean meal, 13 parts of biochar and 25 parts of pond sludge.
6. The base fertilizer special for rice as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the manure is prepared by mixing livestock manure and straw in a weight ratio of 1:2 and composting for 3 months.
7. The base fertilizer special for rice as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the livestock manure for manure is one or more of cow, sheep and pig manure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911263820.9A CN110746248A (en) | 2019-12-11 | 2019-12-11 | Special base fertilizer for rice |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911263820.9A CN110746248A (en) | 2019-12-11 | 2019-12-11 | Special base fertilizer for rice |
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| CN110746248A true CN110746248A (en) | 2020-02-04 |
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| CN201911263820.9A Pending CN110746248A (en) | 2019-12-11 | 2019-12-11 | Special base fertilizer for rice |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112450134A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-03-09 | 蒋奇晋 | Mineral modifier suitable for rice and shrimp breeding mode and preparation and use method thereof |
| CN112794766A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-05-14 | 湖南开门子肥业有限公司 | Preparation of biochar-based fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN115286464A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-11-04 | 浙江农林大学 | Carbon-based fertilizer for rice planting and preparation method thereof |
-
2019
- 2019-12-11 CN CN201911263820.9A patent/CN110746248A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112450134A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-03-09 | 蒋奇晋 | Mineral modifier suitable for rice and shrimp breeding mode and preparation and use method thereof |
| CN112794766A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-05-14 | 湖南开门子肥业有限公司 | Preparation of biochar-based fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN115286464A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-11-04 | 浙江农林大学 | Carbon-based fertilizer for rice planting and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200204 |
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