CN110746208A

CN110746208A - Garbage composting device

Info

Publication number: CN110746208A
Application number: CN201911147379.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙戎斐
Original assignee: 孙戎斐
Current assignee: Deshang (Nanjing) Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2019-11-21
Filing date: 2019-11-21
Publication date: 2020-02-04

Abstract

The invention discloses a garbage composting device, which comprises at least one composting box body, wherein the composting box body is cylindrical and is transversely arranged side by side, one end of the composting box body is supported on a support, the lower part of the other end of the composting box body is connected with an auger through a connector, one end of the auger is provided with a discharge opening, the upper end of the connector is communicated with an inner cavity of the composting box body, the lower end of the connector is communicated with the inner cavity of the auger, a drawing plate is arranged in the middle of the connector, a feed inlet, a vent opening and an observation opening are arranged on the composting box body, a stirring propeller is arranged in the composting box body and consists of a driven shaft, a rotating wheel and paddles, the driven shaft extends out of end covers at two ends of the composting box body and is connected to a driving. The device realizes uninterrupted treatment, saves the floor area of compost and improves the composting efficiency.

Description

Garbage composting device

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of environmental protection engineering, and particularly relates to a garbage composting device.

Background

In recent years, the development of the environmental protection field, especially the guiding thought, in China gradually progresses from reduction to harmlessness to recycling. Under the guiding idea of resource utilization, the compost is used as a traditional solid garbage treatment process, and the importance of the compost is highlighted again. At present, the compost mainly takes organic garbage which is easy to degrade and harmless to the environment after degradation and is rich in N, P and other elements as raw materials.

Wherein the content of degradable organic matter components in the municipal solid waste is more than 56%, and the organic matter can be separated and aerobically composted. The organic matter source is mainly kitchen garbage and kitchen garbage. The kitchen waste has low salt content, good fertility when used as a composting raw material, relatively low invalid salt content, and is not easy to cause land salinization, so the kitchen waste is very suitable to be used as the composting raw material. The compost of livestock and poultry manure in rural garbage has a long history and is an excellent compost raw material. The aerobic composting is characterized by fast decomposition speed, short composting period and thorough degradation.

Chinese patent grant publication CN101983951B, grant publication date 2013, 05.01, discloses a device for composting in life, which comprises a box body, a feeding hole, a composting chamber in the box, an inward spiral stirring propeller, a bottom water bath, a heating device, a secondary composting chamber, a discharging hole and the like, and realizes 'quick aerobic fermentation of materials', and the occupied area is reduced by using the secondary composting chamber and shortening the longitudinal length of the device.

The CN101983951B equipment still has the problem that in order to limit the materials entering the decomposing stage (namely the secondary composting of CN 101983951B) every day, the number of stirring turns of the spiral stirring propeller is limited, and the materials entering from the feeding hole cannot be fully stirred, so that the stirring effect of the materials is poor, the oxygen content in the composting process is low, the scattering effect of effective strains is poor, and the leachate is too much. The landfill leachate can be used as a liquid fertilizer, but has the problems of large smell, high transportation requirement, high storage requirement and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a garbage compost treatment device which can improve the fermentation speed and degree of garbage and can continuously feed the garbage so as to improve the utilization rate of the garbage.

Specifically, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a garbage composting device comprises at least one composting box body, and in a preferred scheme, the number of the composting box bodies is three, and the composting box bodies are operated circularly. Wherein this at least one compost box is the cylinder form, transversely place and arrange side by side, one end supports on the support, the auger is connected through the connector to other end below, the one end of auger has the discharge opening, connector upper end intercommunication compost box inner chamber, connector lower extreme intercommunication auger inner chamber, be provided with the drawing board in the middle of the connector, be provided with the feed inlet above the compost box, vent and viewing aperture, be provided with the stirring propeller at compost box inside, the stirring propeller comprises the driven shaft, runner and oar piece, the driven shaft stretches out the end cover at compost box both ends and is connected to actuating system and is driven by actuating system, the runner has two, fixed mounting is on the driven shaft and near end cover, the oar piece is installed between the runner.

In a preferred embodiment, the blades have at least three blades and are twisted by an angle, wherein the twist angle is 360 degrees divided by the number of blades. More preferably, the number of blades is four, each blade twisting 90 degrees.

Preferably, the feed inlet is provided with a feed crushing device. In a more preferred scheme, the feeding crushing device is a feeding knife, wherein the feeding knife is of a grid structure, and the grid is composed of criss-cross blades.

In one scheme, a feeding port cover, a ventilation port cover and an observation port cover are respectively arranged on the feeding port, the ventilation port and the observation port.

More preferably, an observation prism is provided in the observation port.

The garbage composting device comprises at least one (for example, three) sealed box bodies, feed inlets and inner field grid blade sets, wherein the feed inlets are arranged on the box bodies, the three box bodies are composting chambers, the feed inlets are communicated with the composting chambers, and the composting chambers are provided with vent openings and observation openings. According to the invention, the stirring propeller is arranged in the composting chamber, so that the fed materials can be fully mixed with the materials in fermentation after being fed, and the fermentation degradation speed is accelerated; the composting device has the advantages that the three sealed box bodies can ensure that when one composting chamber enters the decomposing stage, the other two composting chambers can still feed materials, so that one set of equipment can be used for processing continuously, the occupied area of compost is saved, and the composting efficiency is improved; a discharge port of the drawing plate block is arranged below the composting chamber, the drawing plate is drawn out during discharging, the auger is pulled by the motor to realize automatic discharging, automatic discharging is realized, and the workload is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the apparatus of the present invention from one perspective;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of a stirring propeller;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention from another perspective.

In the figure: 1. a compost bin body; 2. a feed inlet; 3. a vent; 4. a viewing port; 5. a packing auger; 6. a discharge opening; 7. a connector; 8. drawing the plate; 9. a stirring propeller; 10. a drive system frame; 11. a feed inlet cover; 12. a vent cover; 13. an observation port cover; 14. a feeding knife; 15. a rotating wheel; 16. a paddle blade; 17. a driven shaft; 18. a spindle hole; 19. and (4) observing the prism.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that at least one composting box body 1 is adopted, each composting box body is in a cylindrical shape and is transversely placed, and the composting box bodies are arranged side by side. In a preferred embodiment, as shown in figure 1, the number of boxes can be set to three according to the time of feeding and composting, ensuring that when one box is in the composting stage, the other two boxes can still be continuously fed. One end of the tank is supported on a support on which a drive system frame 10 may be provided to drive a mixing propeller 9 within the tank during the feeding and maturation stages. The other end of the box body is connected with an auger 5 through a connector 7, one end of the auger is provided with a discharge opening 6, the upper end of the connector is communicated with the inner cavity of the composting box body, the lower end of the connector is communicated with the inner cavity of the auger, a drawing plate 8 is arranged in the middle of the connector, and when the decomposing stage is completed, the drawing plate is drawn to drive a stirring propeller 9 to rotate reversely, so that the decomposed material descends into the auger through the connector and is discharged from the discharge opening through a propelling device in the auger.

A feed inlet 2, a vent 3 and an observation port 4 are arranged on the compost bin body, and in one scheme, a feed inlet cover 11, a vent cover 12 and an observation port cover 13 are respectively arranged on the feed inlet, the vent and the observation port.

Preferably, the feed inlet is provided with a feed crushing device. In a more preferable scheme, the feeding crushing device is a feeding knife 14, wherein the feeding knife is of a grid structure and comprises a group of grid-shaped blades embedded in the feeding hole through a clamping seat. During feeding, the briquetting extrudees the feeding through field word check blade, has realized the breakage of feeding, can show to improve fermentation degradation efficiency, and it is long when reducing the compost cycle.

Preferably, an air draft device can be arranged on the ventilation opening, and the air draft device comprises a fan and a switch.

The viewing aperture is used for observing the indoor condition of compost, reduces and maintains the control degree of difficulty. In a more preferable scheme, an observation prism 19 is arranged in the observation port so that observation at a proper angle can be ensured, and air tightness in the box body is still ensured during observation, and peculiar smell is prevented from diffusing.

A stirring propeller 9 is arranged in the composting box body, and referring to fig. 2, the stirring propeller consists of a driven shaft 17, a rotating wheel 15 and blades 16, the driven shaft extends out of end covers at two ends of the composting box body and is connected to a driving system which is driven by the driving system, the driving system is arranged on a driving system frame and comprises a speed reducer, a main shaft and the like, and the main shaft is connected with the driven shaft through a main shaft hole 18. The stirring propeller can be started to rotate forwards and backwards by controlling the driving system, and can be controlled manually, controlled in a timing mode or controlled intelligently. The rotating wheels are two and fixedly arranged on the driven shaft and close to the end cover, and the paddle is arranged between the rotating wheels. In a preferred scheme, the blades have at least three blades and are twisted by a certain angle, wherein the twisted angle is 360 degrees divided by the number of the blades, so that the blades can be installed on the rotating wheel in the radial direction of the rotating wheel. More preferably, the number of blades is four, each blade twisting 90 degrees. In the scheme of the invention, the paddle is in a long and narrow structure and is twisted at a certain angle, so that the most important function is to continuously stir materials in the decomposing stage and ensure better stirring effect besides the function of propelling the materials.

The auger comprises a metal shell, a speed reduction motor, a driven shaft and a helical blade fixedly arranged on the driven shaft, wherein the auger is wrapped by the metal shell, and the speed reduction driving motor is connected with the driven shaft through a driving shaft.

The apparatus using the solution of the invention performs a continuous cycle of composting through three composting chambers, which in one example are fed for the following cycles (feed-not-feed to maturity).

	Composting chamber 1	Composting chamber 2	Composting chamber 3
				1 to 10 days	Feeding of the feedstock
11 to 20 days	Feeding of the feedstock	Feeding of the feedstock
				21 to 30 days	No feed after decomposition	Feeding of the feedstock	Feeding of the feedstock
31 to 40 days	Discharging/feeding	No feed after decomposition	Feeding of the feedstock
				41 to 50 days	Feeding of the feedstock	Discharging/feeding	No feed after decomposition
51 to 60 days	No feed after decomposition	Feeding of the feedstock	Discharging/feeding
				…	…	…	…

After the feeding material enters the composting chamber, the motor drives the stirring propeller to mix the feeding material with the material being fermented, so that the fermentation degradation speed is accelerated. Stirring is regularly carried out according to the default in the fermentation process to open the updraft ventilator of vent, effectively improve the oxygen content of material in the fermentation, accelerate aerobic fermentation degradation speed, and restrain anaerobic fermentation, reduce the stink. After the compost is in the decomposition stage, the stirring propeller reversely rotates to push the materials to the discharge port of the drawing plate, the materials fall to the auger through the discharge port, and the motor drives the auger to convey the materials to the discharge port, so that the workload is reduced.

While the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific examples, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a rubbish compost device, including at least one compost box, a serial communication port, this at least one compost box is the cylinder form, transversely place and arrange side by side, one end supports on the support, the auger is connected through the connector below the other end, the one end of auger has the discharge opening, connector upper end intercommunication compost box inner chamber, connector lower extreme intercommunication auger inner chamber, be provided with the take-out board in the middle of the connector, be provided with the feed inlet on the compost box, vent and viewing aperture, be provided with stirring propeller in compost box inside, stirring propeller comprises the driven shaft, runner and oar piece, the driven shaft stretches out the end cover at compost box both ends and is connected to actuating system and is driven by actuating system, the runner has two, fixed mounting is on the driven shaft and leans on near-end lid, the oar piece is installed between the.

2. The waste composting apparatus of claim 1 wherein the paddles are at least three and are twisted at an angle, wherein the twist angle is 360 degrees divided by the number of paddles.

3. The waste composting apparatus of claim 2 wherein the number of blades is four and each blade is twisted 90 degrees.

4. A waste composting device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the feed inlet is provided with feed breaker means.

5. A waste composting apparatus as claimed in claim 4 wherein the feed breaker is a feed knife and wherein the feed knife is of a grid structure, the grid being formed of criss-cross blades.

6. The waste composting apparatus of claim 1 wherein a feed port cover, a vent port cover and a view port cover are provided on the feed port, the vent port and the view port, respectively.

7. The waste composting apparatus of claim 1 wherein a viewing prism is disposed within the viewing port.

8. The waste composting apparatus of claim 1 wherein the number of composting bins is three.