CN110742897B - 一种壳寡糖与姜黄素的复合物及应用 - Google Patents

一种壳寡糖与姜黄素的复合物及应用 Download PDF

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CN110742897B
CN110742897B CN201911229225.3A CN201911229225A CN110742897B CN 110742897 B CN110742897 B CN 110742897B CN 201911229225 A CN201911229225 A CN 201911229225A CN 110742897 B CN110742897 B CN 110742897B
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chitosan oligosaccharide
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郭占勇
秦荣基
谭文强
秦荣珍
董方
姜峰
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Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research of CAS
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Abstract

本发明涉及功能食品及医药行业,具体是一种壳寡糖与姜黄素的复合物及应用。壳寡糖与姜黄素的质量比为1:9‑9:1;其中,壳寡糖分子量为1000‑8000。本发明把壳寡糖增强免疫功能、改善肝脏和心肺功能等作用与姜黄素抗肿瘤、保肝利胆的功效相互结合,并对肝癌和肺癌细胞具有一定的协同增效的抑制作用,是一种有助于增强免疫功能、抗肿瘤、抗肝纤维化等的功能性食品复合物。壳寡糖与姜黄素都可以作为食品或者食品添加剂使用,易于推广,可以广泛应用于功能食品及医药领域。

Description

一种壳寡糖与姜黄素的复合物及应用
技术领域
本发明涉及功能食品及医药行业,具体是一种壳寡糖与姜黄素的复合物及应用。
背景技术
癌症是世界第二大死亡原因,仅次于心脏病。据世界卫生组织(WHO)报告,目前世界每年癌症新发病例约1409万。最近更新的数据显示,全世界三分之二的新增癌症病例在中国。根据世界卫生组织(WHO)统计,癌症在中国农村地区的病例增加最明显。中国每年的癌症死亡率是全球所有癌症死亡的四分之一。肝癌和肺癌是严重威胁人类生命和健康的恶性疾病,其发病是多因素、多步骤的复杂过程,受环境和基因双重因素影响。但肝癌及肺癌疾病产生的原因又各不相同,原发性肝癌的主要危险因素是乙型肝炎、丙型肝炎、食物被黄曲霉素污染、家族遗传因素、饮水污染、吸烟、饮酒等因素有关。而肺癌的主要危险因素是病毒性肺炎、长期吸烟、大气污染、职业和环境接触、电离辐射以及遗传等因素有关。肝脏细胞受到癌细胞的侵袭,会影响肝脏细胞的正常的解毒功能,影响人身体的正常代谢,肝癌患者容易发生肝破裂出血。而是肺癌指癌细胞侵袭肺脏的细胞,影响人的正常呼吸,也会导致咳血,甚至呼吸困难。同时因其发病机理、作用方式、作用靶点等等不同,肝癌和肺癌疾病的治疗过程和治疗方式都各不相同。
壳聚糖(chitosan)主要是由提取自虾蟹壳等海洋水产废弃物的甲壳素脱去部分或者全部乙酰基而得到的含氨基多糖,是由D-氨基葡萄糖单体经β-1,4-糖苷键连接在一起所形成的共价聚合物。壳聚糖具有很多独特的生理、药理功能性质,比如具有良好的生物相容性和生物可降解性、成膜性,绿色无毒等。壳寡糖又叫壳聚寡糖、低聚壳聚糖,是将壳聚糖经特殊的生物酶技术(也有使用化学降解、微波降解技术的报道)降解得到的氨基葡萄糖低聚糖,是水溶性较好、功能作用大、生物活性高的低分子量产品,具有一定的抑菌、抗氧化、抗癌活性。壳寡糖具有壳聚糖所没有的较高溶解度,易溶于水,容易被生物体吸收利用、生物活性高等诸多独特的功能。壳寡糖的免疫增强作用目前己被许多学者证实,壳寡糖能够刺激机体,促进腹膜渗出液的细胞数量增加,激活巨噬细胞,从而增加活性氧的生成,再通过氧化性杀菌机制产生作用。壳寡糖对巨噬细胞的直接激活作用增加了巨噬细胞的杀伤活性;壳寡糖激活T淋巴细胞而显示杀伤活性,且致敏T细胞诱发迟发性超敏反应;壳寡糖激活T淋巴细胞,从而促使巨噬细胞激活因子(MAF)的释放,进而激活巨噬细胞。在激活过程中,巨噬细胞直接被壳寡糖激活又能提高它对MAF的敏感性,使它进一步激活。因此认为壳寡糖的杀伤活性的产生主要是激活T淋巴细胞与巨噬细胞相互作用加强的结果。此外,壳寡糖还具有抗肿瘤、降血脂、调节血糖、改善肝脏和心肺功能及其他多种生理功能。
姜黄素是从姜科、天南星科中的一些植物的根茎中提取的一种化学成分,是植物界很稀少的具有二酮的色素,为二酮类化合物。姜黄素具有抗炎、抗氧化、调脂、抗病毒、抗感染、抗肿瘤、抗凝、抗肝纤维化、抗动脉粥样硬化等广泛的药理活性,可能与其抑制核因子-κB和激活蛋白-1等转录因子的激活及表达有关,而且无明显的毒副作用、不良反应小。尤其是,姜黄素类化合物通过诱导恶性肿瘤细胞分化、诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡及对肿瘤生长各期的抑制效应来发挥其抗癌作用,临床应用十分广泛。姜黄素是目前世界上销量最大的天然食用色素之一,是世界卫生组织和美国食品药品管理局以及多国准许使用的食品添加剂。吸引研究人员的不仅是姜黄素作为一种非甾体类抗炎药物,更重要的是其所具有的化学预防特性,姜黄素对疾病具有广泛的预防特性。鉴于现代医学研究发现人体众多疾病的发生与自由基形成、炎症反应的参与有关,姜黄素抗氧化活性和抗炎作用已引起国内外学者的广泛关注。
发明内容
本发明目的是提供一种有助于增强免疫功能、改善肝脏和心肺功能,而且对抗癌活性具有协同增效作用的壳寡糖与姜黄素的复合物的制备及应用。
为实现上述目的,本发明所采用的技术方案为:
一种壳寡糖与姜黄素的复合物,壳寡糖与姜黄素的质量比为1:9-9:1;其中,壳寡糖分子量为1000-8000。
所述壳寡糖与姜黄素的质量比为4:6-5:5。
所述壳寡糖与姜黄素的质量比为3:7-4:6时。
一种壳寡糖与姜黄素的复合物的应用,所述壳寡糖与姜黄素的复合物在制备肝癌或肺癌细胞抑制的应用。
所述壳寡糖与姜黄素的质量比为4:6-5:5的复合物在制备肝癌细胞抑制的应用。
所述壳寡糖与姜黄素的质量比为3:7-4:6的复合物在制备肺癌细胞抑制的应用。
所述抑制剂为胶囊、片剂、散剂或颗粒剂。
本发明所具有的优点:
(1)本发明把具有增强免疫功能、改善肝脏和心肺功能的壳寡糖与具有抗肿瘤、保肝利胆功效的姜黄素相互结合,既可以通过增强免疫功能预防癌变,又可以治疗早期肝癌和肺癌,更有利于消费人群防治相关疾病的发生;
(2)壳寡糖与姜黄素都具有一定的抗癌活性,可以有效抑制癌细胞的生长,有助于预防肿瘤细胞的发生或复发,而且二者的复合产品具有协同增效的效果。
(3)壳寡糖和姜黄素都属于食品或者食品添加剂,具有作为医用食品开发的良好基础。
具体实施方式
以下实施例是对本发明的进一步说明,但本发明不局限于本实施方式中的组合物和用途。
实施例1:
称取1.0g壳寡糖与9.0g姜黄素,混合均匀后,得到壳寡糖与姜黄素复合物。其中,壳寡糖分子量为1000-2000。
实施例2:
与实施例1不同之处在于:
称取2.0g壳寡糖与8.0g姜黄素,混合均匀后,得到壳寡糖与姜黄素复合物。其中,壳寡糖分子量为2000-3000。
实施例3:
与实施例1不同之处在于:
称取3.0g壳寡糖与7.0g姜黄素,混合均匀后,得到壳寡糖与姜黄素复合物。其中,壳寡糖分子量为4000-5000。
实施例4:
与实施例1不同之处在于:
称取4.0g壳寡糖与6.0g姜黄素,混合均匀后,得到壳寡糖与姜黄素复合物。其中,壳寡糖分子量为6000-5000。
实施例5:
与实施例1不同之处在于:
称取5.0g壳寡糖与5.0g姜黄素,混合均匀后,得到壳寡糖与姜黄素复合物。其中,壳寡糖分子量为6000-7000。
实施例6:
与实施例1不同之处在于:
称取6.0g壳寡糖与4.0g姜黄素,混合均匀后,得到壳寡糖与姜黄素复合物。其中,壳寡糖分子量为7000-8000。
实施例7:
与实施例1不同之处在于:
称取7.0g壳寡糖与3.0g姜黄素,混合均匀后,得到壳寡糖与姜黄素复合物。其中,壳寡糖分子量为2000-3000。
实施例8:
与实施例1不同之处在于:
称取8.0g壳寡糖与2.0g姜黄素,混合均匀后,得到壳寡糖与姜黄素复合物。其中,壳寡糖分子量为5000-6000。
实施例9:
与实施例1不同之处在于:
称取9.0g壳寡糖与1.0g姜黄素,混合均匀后,得到壳寡糖与姜黄素复合物。其中,壳寡糖分子量为2000-3000。
上述各复合物按照现阶段直接的制备方法,以上述各实例的复合物作为活性成分,并配以药剂学上可以接受的任何药物剂型,进而制备成相应的剂型。
应用例
细胞培养:向DMEM培养基中加入终浓度为10%的胎牛血清以及100U/mL青霉素、100μg/mL链霉素,配制成完全培养基。将肝癌细胞HepG2和肺癌细胞A549冻存管分别从液氮中取出,立即放于37℃水浴中,快速并轻轻摇晃,将细胞解冻,1000rpm离心10min,弃上清。加入新鲜培养基重悬细胞,转移悬液到细胞培养瓶内,在37℃、5%CO2、饱和湿度的培养箱中培养细胞。随时观察细胞生长状况,当细胞全部贴壁后进行细胞换液,每周传代2-3次。细胞传代时,先用PBS缓冲液冲洗2-3遍,再用0.25%胰蛋白酶消化,然后迅速并小心倒掉胰蛋白酶溶液,加入培养基终止消化,重悬细胞,视细胞数量,弃去一部分细胞悬液,补充适量新鲜培养基继续培养。
MTT法检测壳寡糖、姜黄素以及上述各实施例获得复合物抑制肝癌细胞HepG2和肺癌细胞A549增殖:取对数生长期的癌细胞,用胰蛋白酶消化后制成细胞悬液,调整细胞浓度至1×105/mL,将细胞接种于96孔板,每孔100μL,置于37℃、5%CO2、饱和湿度的培养箱中培养24h;待细胞贴壁后,更换含有样品的完全培养基,每个样品5个复孔,同时设置调零孔和对照孔。细胞于37℃、5%CO2、饱和湿度的培养箱中培养48h;倒掉细胞培养基,每孔加入100μL新鲜培养基,10μL MTT,37℃孵育4h后1000rpm离心5min,弃去培养基,每孔加入150μL二甲基亚砜,振荡15min。用酶标仪在490nm处测吸光度值。
细胞生长抑制率(%)=(A对照–A样品)/A对照×100
对壳寡糖、姜黄素以及壳寡糖与姜黄素的复合物进行抗癌活性测试,结果如下:
表1.对肝癌细胞HepG2的抑制活性(%)
0.05mg/mL 0.10mg/mL 0.25mg/mL
壳寡糖 0.09 0.31 0.92
姜黄素 16.55 30.27 51.21
壳寡糖姜黄素复合物(1:9) 16.50 30.64 53.12
壳寡糖姜黄素复合物(2:8) 19.67 44.83 62.07
壳寡糖姜黄素复合物(3:7) 21.33 46.51 69.07
壳寡糖姜黄素复合物(4:6) 30.04 61.02 79.90
壳寡糖姜黄素复合物(5:5) 32.18 60.44 79.67
壳寡糖姜黄素复合物(6:4) 22.31 40.34 53.96
表2.对肺癌细胞A549的抑制活性(%)
Figure BDA0002303088820000061
Figure BDA0002303088820000071
表1和表2为壳寡糖、姜黄素以及复合物对肝癌细胞HepG2和肺癌细胞A549的抑制活性,从表中可以看出,壳寡糖的活性都很低,姜黄素的抑制率比较强,在壳寡糖与姜黄素复合后,同一浓度下,抑制癌细胞的活性得到增加,比壳寡糖和姜黄素单独使用时的活性还要强。此外,随着浓度的升高,抑制率也越大。抑制率与壳寡糖/姜黄素的复配比有关,随着壳寡糖比例的增加,抑制率先增强后降低。当壳寡糖与姜黄素的复配比为4:6到5:5时,对肝癌细胞HepG2的抑制率相对最高,壳寡糖与姜黄素的质量比为3:7-4:6时,对肺癌细胞A549的抑制率相对最高。但是随着壳寡糖比例的进一步增大,复合物的抑制率反而变弱。
壳寡糖与姜黄素都是食品级,二者的复合物具备了壳寡糖与姜黄素各自的生物活性,且对肝癌和肺癌细胞具有协同作用,也就是达到了1加1大于2的效果,有助于预防癌症的发生。该协同作用可能与壳寡糖和姜黄素的结构有关,壳寡糖带有碱性的氨基和姜黄素带有酸性的酚羟基可以发生酸碱离子作用,形成氨基正离子和酚羟基负离子,该酸碱离子作用可能是两者复合后活性增强的原因所在。

Claims (3)

1.一种壳寡糖与姜黄素的复合物的应用,其特征在于:所述壳寡糖与姜黄素的质量比为4:6 - 5:5的复合物在制备肝癌细胞抑制剂中的应用;其中,壳寡糖分子量为4000-8000;壳寡糖带有碱性的氨基和姜黄素带有酸性的酚羟基可以发生酸碱离子作用,形成氨基正离子和酚羟基负离子。
2.一种壳寡糖与姜黄素的复合物的应用,其特征在于:所述壳寡糖与姜黄素的质量比为3:7 - 4:6的复合物在制备肺癌细胞抑制剂中的应用;
其中,壳寡糖分子量为4000-8000;壳寡糖带有碱性的氨基和姜黄素带有酸性的酚羟基可以发生酸碱离子作用,形成氨基正离子和酚羟基负离子。
3.按权利要求1或2所述的壳寡糖与姜黄素的复合物的应用,其特征在于:所述抑制剂为胶囊、片剂、散剂或颗粒剂。
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