CN110734597A - 一种用于聚丙烯的微发泡母粒及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种用于聚丙烯的微发泡母粒及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110734597A
CN110734597A CN201910905798.7A CN201910905798A CN110734597A CN 110734597 A CN110734597 A CN 110734597A CN 201910905798 A CN201910905798 A CN 201910905798A CN 110734597 A CN110734597 A CN 110734597A
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韩琛
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于聚丙烯的微发泡母粒,以重量份计,包括以下原料:20~40份低密度聚乙烯,23~30份聚乙烯蜡,30~50份柠檬酸系衍生物,1~2份乙撑双硬脂酰胺,1~2份苯甲酸钠,1~2份二硫化烷基酚,2~5份氧化锌,2~5份硅油。本发明的用于聚丙烯的微发泡母粒配方科学合理,各原料相互配合,得到的用于聚丙烯的微发泡母粒使用方便,发泡过程稳定可控,发泡效果好。本发明还公开了一种用于聚丙烯的微发泡母粒制备方法,各原料经双螺杆挤出机经熔融、挤出、造粒即可得到用于聚丙烯的微发泡母粒,工艺步骤简单,操作方便,适合工业化生产。

Description

一种用于聚丙烯的微发泡母粒及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及发泡塑料技术领域,尤其是涉及一种用于聚丙烯的微发泡母粒及其制备方法。
背景技术
微发泡聚合物是指以聚合物材料为基体,其中含有泡孔尺寸从小于一微米到几十微米的多孔聚合物材料。常规的物理或化学发泡法制备的泡沫塑料由于其孔径较大,与一般泡沫塑料毫米级的泡孔相比,微发泡聚合物的泡孔要小得多,而泡孔密度要大得多,因而称为微发泡聚合物。聚丙烯是一种性能优良的通用塑料,具有无毒、无味、密度低、性能好的特点,其耐热、耐化学腐蚀等特性也较好。PP还具有易加工成型的特点,在家电、汽车、日用品、包装等行业得到广泛用途。因此将微发泡技术与常用的聚丙烯材料相结合开发聚丙烯微发泡材料具有重要意义与市场价值。
目前制备微发泡聚丙烯有两大难点,第一大难点是发泡尺寸的控制,因为和聚氨酯、聚苯乙烯等材料相比,聚丙烯的熔体强度较低,使得发泡成型非常困难,易出现泡的融合和破裂等问题而产生不规则分布的大泡,第二大难点是发泡尺寸均一性难以控制。
因此,目前亟需解决聚丙烯熔点以上发泡成型困难,发泡尺寸分布均一性差的问题。
发明内容
本发明是为了解决现有技术的微发泡聚丙烯发泡成型困难,发泡尺寸分布均一性差的问题,提供了一种配方科学合理、发泡效果好、使用便捷、质量稳定的用于聚丙烯的微发泡母粒。
本发明还提供了一种用于聚丙烯的微发泡母粒制备方法,工艺步骤简单,操作方便,适合工业化生产。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
本发明的一种用于聚丙烯的微发泡母粒,以重量份计,包括以下原料:20~40份低密度聚乙烯,23~30份聚乙烯蜡,30~50份柠檬酸系衍生物,1~2份乙撑双硬脂酰胺,1~2份苯甲酸钠,1~2份二硫化烷基酚,2~5份氧化锌,2~5份硅油。
发泡剂的选择及分散性直接影响发泡效果,柠檬酸系衍生物具有热分解温度稳定且范围窄、发气量大、无毒、对环境无污染等优点,因此本发明中选择柠檬酸系衍生物作为发泡剂(物理发泡),但是柠檬酸系衍生物是粉状物,且容易分解不易存储,在发泡时不易控制,发泡效果不好,为解决上述问题,本发明将柠檬酸系衍生物做成母粒形式,同时优化了母粒配方,不仅加工更为容易,而且发泡过程可控,发泡效果更好;本发明中,聚乙烯蜡和乙撑双硬脂酰胺在体系内作为润滑剂和增塑剂来使用,可以降低产品加工温度,提高柠檬酸系衍生物在发泡体系内的分散性,增强分散效果;在微发泡的泡孔增长过程中容易引起部分泡孔破裂造成大的空洞影响发泡效果,二硫化烷基酚在体系中作为微发泡的稳定剂,可有效抑制泡孔的破裂;微发泡气泡形成过程中成核剂的存在可以在低浓度气体的情况下均匀形成气泡,在体系中苯甲酸钠和氧化锌复配作为成核剂体系,在微发泡气泡形成过程中,可以在低浓度气体的情况下均匀形成气泡,形成的泡孔规则均匀;另外苯甲酸钠和氧化锌与基材相容性好,易分散;硅油在体系中作为表面活性剂可以降低表面张力,利于形成气泡减少气体扩散,稳定气孔。
作为优选,所述低密度聚乙烯为熔点低于120℃低密度聚乙烯。
作为优选,所述柠檬酸系衍生物为柠檬酸或者柠檬酸钠。
一种用于聚丙烯的微发泡母粒制备方法,具体步骤为:按上述重量份配称取各原料后,先将低密度聚乙烯、聚乙烯蜡、乙撑双硬脂酰胺、硅油搅拌混合均匀后,再加入柠檬酸、苯甲酸钠、二硫化烷基酚、氧化锌继续搅拌至分散均匀,最后将混合的物料加入双螺杆挤出机中,经熔融、挤出、造粒即得用于聚丙烯的微发泡母粒。本发明中原料中的粉料后加入以保证各原料的混合均匀性,各原料经双螺杆挤出机经熔融、挤出、造粒即可得到用于聚丙烯的微发泡母粒,工艺步骤简单,操作方便,适合工业化生产。
作为优选,所述双螺杆挤出机的温度设定在140~150℃。
因此,本发明具有如下有益效果:
(1)对配方进行了优化,配方科学合理,各原料相互配合,得到的用于聚丙烯的微发泡母粒使用方便,发泡过程稳定可控,发泡效果好;
(2)原料经双螺杆挤出机经熔融、挤出、造粒即可得到用于聚丙烯的微发泡母粒,工艺步骤简单,操作方便,适合工业化生产。
附图说明
图1是实施例1中得到的微发泡聚丙烯的产品截面图。
图2是实施例2中得到的微发泡聚丙烯的产品截面图。
图3是实施例3中得到的微发泡聚丙烯的产品截面图。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式对本发明做进一步的描述。
实施例1
按30Kg低密度聚乙烯(熔点110℃),25Kg聚乙烯蜡,44Kg柠檬酸系衍生物(柠檬酸),1.5Kg乙撑双硬脂酰胺,1.5Kg苯甲酸钠,1.5Kg二硫化烷基酚,3Kg氧化锌,3Kg硅油的重量配比称取各组分后,先将低密度聚乙烯、聚乙烯蜡、乙撑双硬脂酰胺、硅油搅拌混合均匀后,再加入柠檬酸、苯甲酸钠、二硫化烷基酚、氧化锌继续搅拌至分散均匀,最后将混合的物料加入双螺杆挤出机(温度设定在140~150℃)中,经熔融、挤出、造粒即得用于聚丙烯的微发泡母粒。
以聚丙烯质量为基准,将2%的用于聚丙烯的微发泡母粒与聚丙烯混合均匀,经过注塑机(温度设定220~240℃)注塑成型,得微发泡聚丙烯产品,通过光学测量投影仪(放大50倍)检测得到的微发泡聚丙烯产品,得到的产品截面图如图1所示。
实施例2
按20Kg低密度聚乙烯(熔点105℃),23Kg聚乙烯蜡,30Kg柠檬酸系衍生物(柠檬酸),1Kg乙撑双硬脂酰胺,1Kg苯甲酸钠,1Kg二硫化烷基酚,2Kg氧化锌,2Kg硅油的重量配比称取各组分后,先将低密度聚乙烯、聚乙烯蜡、乙撑双硬脂酰胺、硅油搅拌混合均匀后,再加入柠檬酸、苯甲酸钠、二硫化烷基酚、氧化锌继续搅拌至分散均匀,最后将混合的物料加入双螺杆挤出机(温度设定在140~150℃)中,经熔融、挤出、造粒即得用于聚丙烯的微发泡母粒。
以聚丙烯质量为基准,将3%的用于聚丙烯的微发泡母粒与聚丙烯混合均匀,经过注塑机(温度设定220~240℃)注塑成型,得微发泡聚丙烯产品,通过光学测量投影仪(放大50倍)检测得到的微发泡聚丙烯产品,得到的产品截面图如图2所示。
实施例3
按40Kg低密度聚乙烯(熔点108℃),30Kg聚乙烯蜡,50Kg柠檬酸系衍生物(柠檬酸钠),2Kg乙撑双硬脂酰胺,2Kg苯甲酸钠,2Kg二硫化烷基酚,5Kg氧化锌,5Kg硅油的重量配比称取各组分后,先将低密度聚乙烯、聚乙烯蜡、乙撑双硬脂酰胺、硅油搅拌混合均匀后,再加入柠檬酸、苯甲酸钠、二硫化烷基酚、氧化锌继续搅拌至分散均匀,最后将混合的物料加入双螺杆挤出机(温度设定在140~150℃)中,经熔融、挤出、造粒即得用于聚丙烯的微发泡母粒。
以聚丙烯质量为基准,将8%的用于聚丙烯的微发泡母粒与聚丙烯混合均匀,经过注塑机(温度设定220~240℃)注塑成型,得微发泡聚丙烯产品,通过光学测量投影仪(放大50倍)检测得到的微发泡聚丙烯产品,得到的产品截面图如图3所示。
从图1、图2、图3可以看出,各实施例中的产品内部布满分布均匀的气孔,无破裂的大气孔和大面积未发泡部分,说明本发明的用于聚丙烯的微发泡母粒发泡效果好,且发泡质量稳定。
以上所述的实施例只是本发明的一种较佳的方案,并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制,在不超出权利要求所记载的技术方案的前提下还有其它的变体及改型。

Claims (5)

1.一种用于聚丙烯的微发泡母粒,其特征在于,以重量份计,包括以下原料:20~40份低密度聚乙烯,23~30份聚乙烯蜡,30~50份柠檬酸系衍生物,1~2份乙撑双硬脂酰胺,1~2份苯甲酸钠,1~2份二硫化烷基酚,2~5份氧化锌,2~5份硅油。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于聚丙烯的微发泡母粒,其特征在于,所述低密度聚乙烯为熔点低于120℃低密度聚乙烯。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于聚丙烯的微发泡母粒,其特征在于,所述柠檬酸系衍生物为柠檬酸或者柠檬酸钠。
4.一种如权利要求1所述的用于聚丙烯的微发泡母粒制备方法,其特征在于,具体步骤为:按上述重量份配称取各原料后,先将低密度聚乙烯、聚乙烯蜡、乙撑双硬脂酰胺、硅油搅拌混合均匀后,再加入柠檬酸、苯甲酸钠、二硫化烷基酚、氧化锌继续搅拌至分散均匀,最后将混合的物料加入双螺杆挤出机中,经熔融、挤出、造粒即得用于聚丙烯的微发泡母粒。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种用于聚丙烯的微发泡母粒,其特征在于,所述双螺杆挤出机的温度设定在140~150℃。
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