CN110734570A - 一种pvc无甲酰胺发泡剂 - Google Patents

一种pvc无甲酰胺发泡剂 Download PDF

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CN110734570A
CN110734570A CN201910937300.5A CN201910937300A CN110734570A CN 110734570 A CN110734570 A CN 110734570A CN 201910937300 A CN201910937300 A CN 201910937300A CN 110734570 A CN110734570 A CN 110734570A
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foaming agent
formamide
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熊志勇
罗李华
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Zhejiang Jie On Jiexin Material Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种发泡剂,特别涉及一种PVC无甲酰胺发泡剂,属于PVC制品技术领域。一种PVC无甲酰胺发泡剂,该PVC无甲酰胺发泡剂是由如下以重量份计的组分混合得到:发泡剂30‑95份、甲酰胺去除剂5‑20份、成核剂0‑50份、环氧大豆油2‑5份、改性剂0‑50份。本发明各原料组分按比例加入混料机内混合均匀即可,对于有无尘要求的适当增加改性剂的用量并于密炼机中混炼均匀(混炼至90℃左右即可出料)后投入挤出机造粒得到成品。该PVC无甲酰胺发泡剂代替目前PVC常用的发泡剂ADC,实现了PVC制品无甲酰胺残留。

Description

一种PVC无甲酰胺发泡剂
技术领域
本发明涉及一种发泡剂,特别涉及一种PVC无甲酰胺发泡剂,属于PVC制品技术 领域。
背景技术
聚氯乙烯(以下简称PVC)为世界五大通用塑料之一、具有价格低廉、难燃、耐 腐蚀、耐候性好、抗水、热塑性好、电绝缘性能好、机械性能出色等特点,广泛应用于 工业、农业、建材、电力、包装、日化等领域。近年来提倡的以塑代木的环保理念,材 料轻量化的和降低成本的诉求给PVC发泡制品带来了前所未有的新机遇。
然而PVC发泡过程中使用的偶氮二甲酰胺(简称发泡剂ADC)分解产生甲酰胺(又名“氨基甲醛”)残留,被欧盟REACH法规列为高度关注物质(SVHC),欧盟化学品管 理局分类为具有生殖毒性的物质,一时间各种用发泡剂ADC生产的发泡制品特别是儿 童用瑜伽垫更是为万千准新父母所忌讳。欧盟规定的泡沫制品中甲酰胺的含量不可超过 200ppm的规定一时间将出口的PVC发泡制品推向风口浪尖,使甲酰胺事件由环保变成 了贸易壁垒,在行业内一度引起不小的轰动,各厂家纷纷商榷应对之策,面对环保和成 本的双重压力,找寻无甲酰胺残留的ADC替代品迫在眉睫。PVC行业很多制品厂曾尝 试单独使用碳酸氢钠作为发泡剂,但是发泡剂用量大,发泡效果不佳,无法生产高发泡 倍率的PVC泡沫制品。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于一种PVC无甲酰胺发泡剂,该PVC无甲酰胺发泡剂代替目前 PVC常用的发泡剂ADC,实现了PVC制品无甲酰胺残留。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:
一种PVC无甲酰胺发泡剂,该PVC无甲酰胺发泡剂是由如下以重量份计的组分混合得到:发泡剂30-95份、甲酰胺去除剂5-20份、成核剂0-50份、环氧大豆油2-5份、 改性剂0-50份。本发明各原料组分按比例加入混料机内混合均匀即可,对于有无尘要 求的适当增加改性剂的用量并于密炼机中混炼均匀(混炼至90℃左右即可出料)后投 入挤出机造粒得到成品。
作为优选,该PVC无甲酰胺发泡剂是由如下以重量份计的组分混合得到:发泡剂50-90份、甲酰胺去除剂5-10份、成核剂0-10份、环氧大豆油2-5份、改性剂0-50份。
作为优选,发泡剂为偶氮二甲酰胺(发泡剂ADC)、碳酸氢钠、4,4'-氧代双苯磺酰肼(发泡剂OBSH)、对甲苯磺酰胺基脲(发泡剂RA)、N,N'-二亚硝基五次甲基四胺(发 泡剂DPT)、尿素(发泡剂BK)、对甲苯磺酸肼(发泡剂TSH)中一种或多种之混合物。
作为优选,甲酰胺去除剂为三乙醇胺、氧化钙、氢氧化钙、焦磷酸钠、焦磷酸钾或碳酸氢钠中的一种或几种之混合物。
作为优选,成核剂为碳酸钙、滑石粉、蒙脱土、硅灰石、膨润土、柠檬酸一钠、柠 檬酸、磷酸二氢钠、硫酸铝钾、柠檬酸钙、柠檬酸镁、柠檬酸铝或甲基丙烯酸锌中的一 种或几种之混合物。
作为优选,改性剂是用于颗粒发泡剂的载体,选自甲基丙烯酸甲酯—丁二烯—苯乙 烯共聚物(抗冲击改性剂MBS)、抗冲击改性剂ACR、抗冲改性剂ACM树脂、AMB 抗冲改性剂中的一种或几种之混合物。
作为优选,该PVC无甲酰胺发泡剂是由如下以重量份计的组分混合得到:偶氮二甲酰胺25-30份、碳酸氢钠15-25份、发泡剂OBSH 0-5份、发泡剂RA 0-5份、三 乙醇胺0-2份、氢氧化钙5-8份、焦磷酸钠2-3份、柠檬酸一钠5-10份、甲基丙烯 酸锌2-5份、丙烯酸酯共聚物ACR401 28-30份。
本发明的有益效果是:
(1)本发明利用甲酰胺在强碱性催化剂的作用下于高温环境(加工温度)水解的反应,巧妙地在挤出生产加工阶段消除了偶氮二甲酰胺分解产生的甲酰胺,对原生产工艺 和基础配方无影响,可用于不同发泡倍率的PVC的生产加工;
(2)本发明向体系中引入成核剂,可有效降低泡孔尺寸,赋予发泡制品更加细腻的泡孔结构;
(3)在体系内引入环氧大豆油,在改善发泡剂的分散性,降低了发泡剂的吸水性,提高了产品的存储稳定性,同时改善了发泡制品的外观;
(4)将丙烯酸类改性剂引入体系,在降低粉尘污染的同时,减少了常规聚合物例如聚乙烯等对材料性能的影响,有效调节发泡泡孔结构,使发泡制品的内部结构更加细腻,外观更加光滑规整;
(5)首次使用抗冲改性剂作为载体进行PVC用发泡剂的颗粒化。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例,对本发明的技术方案作进一步的具体说明。应当理解,本发明的实施并不局限于下面的实施例,对本发明所做的任何形式上的变通和/或改变都将 落入本发明保护范围。
在本发明中,若非特指,所有的份、百分比均为重量单位,所采用的设备和原料等均可从市场购得或是本领域常用的。下述实施例中的方法,如无特别说明,均为本领域 的常规方法。
实施例1-3
一种PVC无甲酰胺发泡剂,该发泡剂由表1所示的组分加入混料机内混合均匀制成。
表1(单位:kg)
Figure BDA0002221907720000031
对比例1-3
一种PVC发泡剂,该发泡剂由表1所示的组分加入混料机内混合均匀制成。
对比上述各实施例及对比例制得的PVC发泡剂性能,并且将其用于PVC发泡制品的生产,比较两者发泡制品的区别,具体见表2。
表2性能测试结果
通过表2可知,本发明提供的PVC无甲酰胺发泡剂制得的PVC发泡制品相对于 现有的PVC发泡剂制得的PVC发泡制品,具有甲酰胺释放量为0、泡孔均匀细腻、表 面平整、白度好。
以上所述的实施例只是本发明的一种较佳的方案,并非对本发明作任何形式上的限 制,在不超出权利要求所记载的技术方案的前提下还有其它的变体及改型。

Claims (7)

1.一种PVC无甲酰胺发泡剂,其特征在于该PVC无甲酰胺发泡剂是由如下以重量份计的组分混合得到:
发泡剂30-95份、
甲酰胺去除剂5-20份、
成核剂0-50份、
环氧大豆油2-5份、
改性剂0-50份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的PVC无甲酰胺发泡剂,其特征在于该PVC无甲酰胺发泡剂是由如下以重量份计的组分混合得到:
发泡剂50-90份、
甲酰胺去除剂5-10份、
成核剂0-10份、
环氧大豆油2-5份、
改性剂0-50份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的PVC无甲酰胺发泡剂,其特征在于:发泡剂为偶氮二甲酰胺(发泡剂ADC)、碳酸氢钠、4,4'-氧代双苯磺酰肼(发泡剂OBSH)、对甲苯磺酰胺基脲(发泡剂RA)、N,N'-二亚硝基五次甲基四胺(发泡剂DPT)、尿素(发泡剂BK)、对甲苯磺酸肼(发泡剂TSH)中一种或多种之混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的PVC无甲酰胺发泡剂,其特征在于:甲酰胺去除剂为三乙醇胺、氧化钙、氢氧化钙、焦磷酸钠、焦磷酸钾或碳酸氢钠中的一种或几种之混合物。
5.根据权利要求1所述的PVC无甲酰胺发泡剂,其特征在于:成核剂为碳酸钙、滑石粉、蒙脱土、硅灰石、膨润土、柠檬酸一钠、柠檬酸、磷酸二氢钠、硫酸铝钾、柠檬酸钙、柠檬酸镁、柠檬酸铝或甲基丙烯酸锌中的一种或几种之混合物。
6.根据权利要求1所述的PVC无甲酰胺发泡剂,其特征在于:改性剂选自甲基丙烯酸甲酯—丁二烯—苯乙烯共聚物(抗冲击改性剂MBS)、抗冲击改性剂ACR、抗冲改性剂ACM树脂、AMB抗冲改性剂中的一种或几种之混合物。
7.根据权利要求1所述的PVC无甲酰胺发泡剂,其特征在于该PVC无甲酰胺发泡剂是由如下以重量份计的组分混合得到:
偶氮二甲酰胺25-30份、
碳酸氢钠15-25份、
发泡剂OBSH 0-5份、
发泡剂RA 0-5份、
三乙醇胺 0-2份、
氢氧化钙 5-8份、
焦磷酸钠 2-3份、
柠檬酸一钠5-10份、
甲基丙烯酸锌2-5份、
丙烯酸酯共聚物ACR401 28-30份。
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