CN110729662A - Segmented blasting deicing method for overhead transmission line - Google Patents
Segmented blasting deicing method for overhead transmission line Download PDFInfo
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- CN110729662A CN110729662A CN201910872038.0A CN201910872038A CN110729662A CN 110729662 A CN110729662 A CN 110729662A CN 201910872038 A CN201910872038 A CN 201910872038A CN 110729662 A CN110729662 A CN 110729662A
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- blasting
- transmission line
- section
- overhead transmission
- deicing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G1/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines
- H02G1/02—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines for overhead lines or cables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G7/00—Overhead installations of electric lines or cables
- H02G7/16—Devices for removing snow or ice from lines or cables
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Abstract
The invention discloses a segmented blasting deicing method for an overhead transmission line, belonging to the field of overhead line deicing; the technical problem to be solved is to provide a method which is convenient to use, avoids waste, has no damage to the pole tower and is reliable in deicing; the technical scheme for solving the technical problem is as follows: a segmented blasting deicing method for overhead transmission lines is characterized in that explosive elements are connected in series on the overhead transmission lines between tower poles according to a segmented blasting structure, and the method comprises the following steps: selecting a detonating cord as a blasting section; selecting a detonating tube as a non-blasting section; selecting a detonator; all the charge elements are connected in series, and then the connecting head is compressed; penetrating the serially connected charging elements into an insulating coating pipe; fixing the position of the charging element penetrating into the insulating coating pipe; laying the packaged charging elements on an overhead transmission line which needs blasting deicing; the invention can be widely applied to the field of overhead line deicing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a segmented blasting deicing method for an overhead transmission line, and belongs to the technical field of overhead line deicing.
Background
The icing disaster of the overhead transmission line is one of main factors threatening the safe operation of power grids of various countries in the world, the problems of short circuit, tower collapse, wire breakage and the like can be caused when the ground wire of the transmission line is heavily iced, and the problem is caused by the fact that the ice jump swing amplitude is too large when the iced is unevenly fallen off, at present, the deicing method of the ground wire of the transmission line mainly comprises the following steps: the method comprises a thermal ice melting method, a mechanical ice removing method, a natural passive ice removing method, an artificial ice removing method and the like, wherein the thermal ice melting method is the most main ice removing method, but has the defects of high energy consumption, poor reliability and high cost, a large amount of infrastructure needs to be built, the application limitation is large in mountainous areas and other terrains, the large-span thermal ice melting can cause the jumping and waving of a transmission line, the stress of a transmission tower is difficult to control, and the hidden trouble of line breaking and tower reversing exists, the mechanical ice removing method is high in operation difficulty by hanging the ice removing machine on site, at present, the method is less used for the ice removing of an overhead transmission line, the natural passive ice removing method is simple, but has the contingency, the efficiency of the artificial ice removing method is low, the large-range operation is difficult, the working difficulty of operators in severe environment and terrains is high, the potential safety hazard of high-altitude objects, is suitable for large-scale safe operation, but has the problems of a plurality of uncontrollable factors, charging technology and the like.
The method for blasting deicing of the overhead transmission line by laying linear charging is also available in the prior art, but blasting deicing sections of the overhead transmission line under the linear charging are too concentrated, so that the blasting sections and non-blasting sections are difficult to regulate and control, and excessive deicing can be caused by oscillation of the overhead transmission line, so that potential safety hazards exist. The method for operating the ice removing section without the segmentation is characterized in that the ice removing section is exploded, the explosive load is too large due to too long explosive charge section, the problems of line breakage, tower falling and the like are caused, the ice removing effect is difficult to achieve due to too short explosive charge section, in the technical scheme of removing ice coated on the overhead transmission line through linear explosive charge blasting, detailed description is not carried out on explosive charge technology, meanwhile, the operation of high-altitude operation personnel is complex, the workload is doubled due to the segmentation laying, and the method which can simplify the operation and reduce the operation in severe environment is absent at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects in the prior art, and provides the method which is convenient to use, avoids waste, has no damage to the pole tower and is reliable in deicing.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a segmented blasting deicing method for an overhead transmission line comprises the following steps:
1) determining the length and the number of the blasting deicing sections of the overhead transmission line, and selecting the length and the number of the sections of the detonating cord as required;
2) determining the length and the number of non-explosive deicing sections of the overhead transmission line, and selecting the length and the number of sections of the detonating tubes as required;
3) selecting a detonator which is adaptive to the detonating tube;
4) connecting the parts in series according to the connection mode of the blasting section-the non-blasting section-the blasting section … … -the non-blasting section-the blasting section;
then the connector is compressed, and meanwhile, the reliable connection strength is ensured;
5) penetrating the serially connected charging elements into an insulating coating pipe;
6) fixing the position of the charging element penetrating into the insulating coating pipe;
7) laying the packaged charging elements on an overhead transmission line which needs blasting deicing;
8) detonating one or both ends of the staged blasting structure.
The laying time of the step 7 is before the ice period.
And 8, the initiation point is the detonating tube close to the extreme end of the tower, and the detonating tube close to the extreme end of the tower extends to the ground along the tower.
The connection mode of the step 4 is as follows: blasting section-non-blasting section … … non-blasting section-non-blasting section, or: non-explosive section … … non-explosive section-non-explosive section, or: non-explosive section … … non-explosive section.
The detonating tube is a plastic detonating tube.
The insulating coating pipe is a transparent polyethylene pipe or a nylon pipe.
The explosive loading of the detonating cord is 3 ~ 12 g/m, and the diameter of the detonating cord is 3 ~ 6 mm.
And 3, pressing the connector in the step 3 to use the connecting element which is an aluminum thin-wall round tube.
The connecting mode of the connecting element is a crimping type, a bayonet type or an adhesive type.
When the overhead transmission line is deiced, the detonator is used for exciting the detonating tube, the detonating tube conducts detonation of detonation waves to the detonator, the detonator detonates the subsequent detonating cord, the detonating tube and the detonator after detonation, and blasting deicing of the whole installation section is completed through sequential detonation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the segmented blasting deicing method is used, segmented intermittent blasting is adopted, the impact force is small, and risks of excessive ice jumping, broken lines and tower collapse and the like caused by blind, uncontrollable and large-range all deicing can be effectively avoided. The whole ice coating section is divided into an explosion section and a non-explosion section according to the scheme design, the ice coating section on the ground wire can be selectively removed through one-time explosion, the total length of the explosion section is not more than 40% of the lengths of two adjacent overhead transmission lines, and the controllability of explosion deicing is improved.
2. The detonating cord, the detonator and the detonating tube are sequentially connected, so that the explosion-conducting connection between the elements can be ensured, the high tensile strength is also realized, the continuous propagation of explosion signals is ensured, the influence of an electromagnetic field generated by the high-voltage transmission line on the detonating equipment can be effectively reduced by using the detonating tube detonator, and the dangerous mis-explosion caused by factors such as abnormal discharge is avoided.
3. The provided blasting section and the non-blasting section are connected in series, the delay time of the blasting section for detonating the detonator can be adjusted according to different requirements, the segmented delay blasting is realized on the whole charging system, the single-section blasting dosage is effectively reduced, and the energy release is controlled in order.
4. Insulating coating pipe can effectively attenuate energy and the metal flying piece that the detonator explosion produced, and protection transmission line does not receive the damage of explosive, and in addition, the coating pipe can provide the current shielding to inside explosive, and the ageing damage that natural factors such as being free from wind-blown solarization and temperature rise arouses provides extra tensile strength, and protection charging system does not receive exogenic action and interrupts, can the effectual quantity of saving linear charging explosive fuse.
5. In the prior art, an explosion wire must extend from a power transmission line to the ground for detonation, and the explosion wire at a pole tower section only has an explosion transfer function, so that the waste is serious.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the installation of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a schematic illustration of a charge of the present invention.
In the figure, 1 is an insulating sleeve, 2 is a detonating tube, 3 is a connecting element, 4 is a detonating cord, and 5 is a detonator.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the segmented blasting deicing method for the overhead transmission line of the invention comprises the following steps:
1) determining the length and the number of the blasting deicing sections of the overhead transmission line, and selecting the length and the number of the sections of the detonating cord as required;
2) determining the length and the number of non-explosive deicing sections of the overhead transmission line, and selecting the length and the number of sections of the detonating tubes as required;
3) selecting a detonator which is adaptive to the detonating tube;
4) connecting the parts in series according to the connection mode of the blasting section-the non-blasting section-the blasting section … … -the non-blasting section-the blasting section;
then the connector is compressed, and meanwhile, the reliable connection strength is ensured;
5) penetrating the serially connected charging elements into an insulating coating pipe;
6) fixing the position of the charging element penetrating into the insulating coating pipe;
7) laying the packaged charging elements on an overhead transmission line which needs blasting deicing;
8) detonating one or both ends of the staged blasting structure.
The explosive loading element is a linear explosive loading element, the explosive loading amount is different from 3 g/m to 12 g/m, the diameter is different from 3mm to 6mm, the linear explosive loading element can be adjusted according to factors such as ice coating thickness, compactness and the like, and can be a plastic or cotton wire detonating cord or other uniform linear explosive loading forms, the linear explosive loading element completes explosive operation through violent detonation and release of a large amount of energy, and ice coating and other residues are removed. The initiation element is a detonating tube detonator or other flying chip initiation equipment capable of directly initiating explosives, and can directly initiate linear explosive charge to complete blasting deicing. The detonation transfer element is a plastic detonating tube, has a diameter of 3mm, comprises the plastic detonating tube and powder dispersed on the inner wall of the tube, can be directly detonated by linear charge, a detonator and a special detonator, and transmits detonation waves to the interior of the detonation element through the detonation of the powder on the inner wall, so as to ignite the detonation element. The power transmission line laid with the detonating tube is a non-deicing section, the joint at the joint is used for sequentially connecting the detonating cord, the detonator and the detonating tube in series, and the insulating material can ensure that equipment at two ends are directly and closely contacted and can be in a compression joint type, a bayonet type, a bonding type and the like. Insulating coating pipe is plastics, nylon, the insulating tube that has certain hardness of materials such as polyethylene, the internal diameter 6mm to 10mm varies, can adjust according to the size of equipment such as detonating cord and detonator, use the coating pipe to once connect good linear charging section, detonating equipment and biography section charging system encapsulate, whole charging system as having the segmentation blasting function, when penetrating charging system in insulating coating pipe, can use thin iron wire as the guide rope, draw in whole system in insulating coating pipe, the detonator, detonating cord is current industrial grade product, preferred 8# detonator.
The explosion propagation element is a plastic detonating tube, the explosion propagation is stable by using the plastic detonating tube, the explosion effect is small, and the external structure is still kept unchanged after the explosion propagation, so that the ice coating of the laying explosion propagation section can be ensured not to be removed by explosion, and the selective sectional explosion can be realized to remove the ice coating. The plastic detonating cord has good mechanical property, can resist the internal tension generated by the dislocation of elements in a charging system, has wide detonating mode, can be detonated by a handheld pulse detonator, and can also be directly detonated by a detonator, explosive and the detonating cord. The plastic detonating cord has good stability of detonation propagation, the dosage has various specifications such as 8 grams per meter or 12 grams per meter, the corresponding outer diameters of the detonating cords with the two specifications are respectively 4mm to 6mm, and the method has the advantages that: according to earlier stage work and experiments, the explosion energy provided by the plastic detonating cord is enough to crush the ice covering with the thickness of about 70mm, the deicing requirement of the power transmission line blasting can be completely met, the plastic detonating cord has the advantages of uniform charge, insulating material, high tensile strength, stable and reliable detonation transfer performance and the like, a preset blasting section linear charge system can reliably and completely detonate, and the linear charge is laid on the power transmission line before the ice season arrives. The plastic package can shield the influence of sunshine, temperature, humidity and other factors on the mechanical and explosive properties of the detonating fuse in the field environment.
The detonating element is a flying chip type detonating tube detonator, and an energy-gathering groove which is sunken inwards is arranged at the bottom of the detonator, so that the detonating energy of the detonator can be concentrated in the axial direction and directly acts on a detonating cord connected with the tail part, and the utilization efficiency of the detonating energy of the detonator and the reliability of detonating of the detonating cord are improved.
Connecting element is aluminium system thin wall pipe, can be about will connecting two direct in close contact with in order to guarantee the reliability of detonating, thereby use the crimping mode of bayonet socket to provide the lateral restraint for the detonating cord and improve detonation energy, use the crimping simultaneously to provide higher joint strength, guarantee that each section of inside component of charging system can not lead to dangers such as interrupt because of pulling open in the installation work progress.
The insulating tube is a transparent polyethylene or nylon tube, the inner diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of the detonator, the transparent tube can conveniently observe the internal connection system, is convenient for inspection, and simultaneously provides a necessary insulation protection function for the charging system, so that the charging system which is laid in parallel and is arranged at one side of the power transmission line is safer and more reliable, the aging problem of the internal charging system is avoided, and simultaneously provides a necessary mechanical protection function for the charging system, after the whole system is laid on the power transmission line in parallel, the sag of the power transmission line can be changed due to factors such as temperature, ice coating and the like, so that the installed charging system is driven to stretch and compress and deform, in the prior art, the insulating tube directly bears the external load, so that the segmented charging system which is sequentially connected inside is ensured not to be damaged, the explosive energy can be limited and attenuated, and the power transmission line is protected while the blasting deicing effect, plastic fragments can be generated while the cladding pipe is broken, and ice coating at other parts is further crushed, so that the blasting deicing efficiency is improved.
The clamp comprises a left clamping piece, a right clamping piece, a shaft and a torsion spring, wherein the left clamping piece and the right clamping piece are connected through the shaft, the torsion spring is sleeved on the shaft, the left clamping piece and the right clamping piece are symmetrically arranged, and the left clamping piece and the right clamping piece are identical in structure; the left clamping piece comprises a left operating piece at the lower part and a left clamping piece at the upper part, the left operating piece is connected with the left clamping piece, a left slot is formed in the position, where the left operating piece is connected with the left clamping piece, of the left operating piece, the upper part of the left clamping piece is provided with an arc-shaped plate, the lower part of the left clamping piece is provided with a left vertical plate, a left semicircular plate is arranged in the arc-shaped plate at the upper part of the left clamping piece, and the left vertical plate is; the right clamping piece comprises a right operating piece at the lower part and a right clamping piece at the upper part, the right operating piece is connected with the right clamping piece, a right slot is formed in the position, where the right operating piece is connected with the right clamping piece, of the right operating piece, an arc-shaped plate is arranged at the upper part of the right clamping piece, a right vertical plate is arranged at the lower part of the right clamping piece, a right semicircular plate is arranged in the arc-shaped plate at the upper part of the right clamping piece, and the right vertical plate; left side operation piece and right operation piece both sides are provided with the arch, run through between the arch and set up the axle, and torsion spring is established to epaxial cover, and torsion spring one end contacts with left operation piece, and another contacts with right operation piece, left side operation piece and left holding piece between link to each other through left bolt, right operation piece and right holding piece between link to each other through right bolt, left side operation piece and right operation piece on from last to being provided with a plurality of bolt holes down, be provided with the connection spout between a plurality of bolt holes.
According to earlier researches, when a single-gear transmission line is deiced, when the total length of blasting deicing is less than 40% of a span, namely the length of each blasting deicing segment at two ends is not more than 20% of the span, secondary disasters cannot be caused by galloping of the transmission line. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the blasting section and the non-blasting section in the deicing section are arranged as follows: according to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the blasting deicing section and the non-blasting section are arranged in the deicing section at intervals, so that the blasting section and the non-blasting section with equal lengths are arranged for convenience of construction, and the lengths are both 5% of the span. Therefore, according to the original design, the deicing segments respectively arranged at the two ends of the single-gear transmission line are 40% of the span, and the total deicing segment length is 80% of the span. However, the mounted position of considering the blasting section is close to the power transmission line middle section, for reducing the influence that the single blasting waved to the power transmission line whole, reduces deicing section total length to 60% of span, and both ends set up the 30% that deicing segment length is the span, and wherein blasting section and non-blasting segment length all set up to 5% of span, then start from body of the tower insulator chain and gold utensil to near deicing section that sets up of right-hand member shaft tower, to the middle part direction of power transmission line, set up and do in proper order: tower, insulator string and other hardware fittings, non-blasting section, non-blasting section and blasting section.
If the initiation element adopts a non-delay detonator, all the blasting sections are simultaneously initiated when one end of the line is blasted at a time, the explosive quantity is 15 percent of the span, and the high impact force and the subsequent vibration effect of the transmission line can be generated, so that the method is suitable for the working condition of thick ice coating or large span; if all the initiation elements adopt millisecond delay detonators, for example MS-3-section millisecond delay detonators, initiation is carried out at intervals of 50 milliseconds from the initial blasting section of the tower, the single-section primary blasting explosive amount is only 5% of the span, the generated impact force and the vibration aftereffect are greatly reduced, the method is applicable to working conditions with less ice coating or less control over subsequent vibration, and the provided blasting deicing scheme has strong controllability and adjustability.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A segmented blasting deicing method for an overhead transmission line is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) determining the length and the number of the blasting deicing sections of the overhead transmission line, and selecting the length and the number of the sections of the detonating cord as required;
2) determining the length and the number of non-explosive deicing sections of the overhead transmission line, and selecting the length and the number of sections of the detonating tubes as required;
3) selecting a detonator which is adaptive to the detonating tube;
4) connecting the parts in series according to the connection mode of the blasting section-the non-blasting section-the blasting section … … -the non-blasting section-the blasting section;
then the connector is compressed, and meanwhile, the reliable connection strength is ensured;
5) penetrating the serially connected charging elements into an insulating coating pipe;
6) fixing the position of the charging element penetrating into the insulating coating pipe;
7) laying the packaged charging elements on an overhead transmission line which needs blasting deicing;
8) detonating one or both ends of the staged blasting structure.
2. The overhead transmission line segmented blasting deicing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the laying time of the step 7 is before the ice period.
3. The overhead transmission line segmented blasting deicing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and 8, the initiation point is the detonating tube close to the extreme end of the tower, and the detonating tube close to the extreme end of the tower extends to the ground along the tower.
4. The overhead transmission line segmented blasting deicing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the connection mode of the step 4 is as follows: blasting section-non-blasting section … … non-blasting section-non-blasting section, or: non-explosive section … … non-explosive section-non-explosive section, or: non-explosive section … … non-explosive section.
5. The overhead transmission line segmented blasting deicing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the detonating tube is a plastic detonating tube.
6. The overhead transmission line segmented blasting deicing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the insulating coating pipe is a transparent polyethylene pipe or a nylon pipe.
7. The method for deicing through segmented blasting of the overhead transmission line according to claim 1, wherein the explosive loading of the detonating cord is 3 ~ 12 g/m, and the diameter of the detonating cord is 3 ~ 6 mm.
8. The overhead transmission line segmented blasting deicing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and 3, pressing the connector in the step 3 to use the connecting element which is an aluminum thin-wall round tube.
9. The overhead transmission line segmented blasting deicing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: the connecting mode of the connecting element is a crimping type, a bayonet type or an adhesive type.
10. The overhead transmission line segmented blasting deicing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the overhead transmission line is deiced, the detonator is used for exciting the detonating tube, the detonating tube conducts detonation of detonation waves to the detonator, the detonator detonates the subsequent detonating cord, the detonating tube and the detonator after detonation, and blasting deicing of the whole installation section is completed through sequential detonation.
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| CN111641156A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-09-08 | 国网山西省电力公司经济技术研究院 | Special clamping hardware fitting for laying detonating cord for overhead line blasting deicing machine |
| CN112857160A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-05-28 | 中电建十一局工程有限公司 | Method for predicting blasting hazard in complex environment |
| CN113922313A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-01-11 | 山东大学 | High tension transmission line detonating fuse fixing device |
| CN113964723A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-01-21 | 国网河南省电力公司新安县供电公司 | Line deicing method and device |
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| CN111641156A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-09-08 | 国网山西省电力公司经济技术研究院 | Special clamping hardware fitting for laying detonating cord for overhead line blasting deicing machine |
| CN112857160A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-05-28 | 中电建十一局工程有限公司 | Method for predicting blasting hazard in complex environment |
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| CN113922313A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-01-11 | 山东大学 | High tension transmission line detonating fuse fixing device |
| CN113922313B (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-05-31 | 山东大学 | High tension transmission line detonating fuse fixing device |
| CN113964723A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-01-21 | 国网河南省电力公司新安县供电公司 | Line deicing method and device |
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|---|---|
| CN110729662B (en) | 2020-11-20 |
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