CN110723821A

CN110723821A - Urban sewage drainage port water area environment restoration process

Info

Publication number: CN110723821A
Application number: CN201910955650.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张瑜; 余宪成; 柯德平
Original assignee: Hunan Run Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hunan Run Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-10-09
Filing date: 2019-10-09
Publication date: 2020-01-24

Abstract

The invention discloses an environment repairing process for a water area of an urban sewage drainage port, which comprises the following steps: pumping water in the pond out of the pond; the solid garbage in the bottom mud is cleaned manually by mechanical combination; regulating the water depth to 40-80 cm, beating the muddy water by using a paddle hanging machine, adding the efficient physicochemical complexing agent and stirring; cleaning, disinfecting and shaping the pond revetment, then planting hygrophytes with good decontamination effect and developed root systems, and interspersing the planted woody plants; and fifthly, constructing a submerged plant community, an emergent aquatic plant community, a floating-leaf plant community, a large benthonic animal community and a fish community. Compared with the prior art, the method adopts an in-situ remediation technology, has low cost and quick response, reduces N, P and nutrient content in the polluted bottom sediment in a bottom sediment in-situ remediation mode, creates a bottom sediment environment suitable for the growth of aquatic plants, constructs a complete and long-acting aquatic ecosystem in a water area, meets the requirement of continuously remedying the polluted environment, and improves the water quality of the discharged water body.

Description

Urban sewage drainage port water area environment restoration process

Technical Field

The invention relates to a repair process, in particular to an environment repair process for a water area of an urban sewage drainage port.

Background

In recent years, the black and odorous phenomenon of urban water occurs due to rapid urban development, difficult old urban reconstruction and inadequate infrastructure construction. Urban water pollution is a main threat of a drainage basin ecosystem, black and odorous water bodies threaten the drainage basin ecosystem and emit malodors to influence urban environment, and the black and odorous water bodies are water environment problems reflected by common people to be stronger. The pollution source of the urban black and odorous water body can be divided into two parts of exogenous pollution and endogenous pollution: exogenous pollution mainly means that sewage and garbage are directly discharged into a river; endogenous pollution is bottom sediment pollution. Because the sediment is an important component of the water environment, the sediment is a source and a sink of black and odorous water pollutants, namely the pollutants in the water can be deposited on the surface of the sediment and then collected into the sediment, and the pollutants in the sediment can be continuously released into the water. Therefore, in order to ensure the treatment effect of the black and odorous water, source control and sewage interception are needed, external pollution sources are reduced, bottom mud treatment is needed, and endogenous pollution is controlled. In view of the need for improvement of the treatment technology of the bottom mud in the prior art, the inventor of the invention obtains an environment remediation process for urban sewage drainage mouths.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an environment restoration process for an urban sewage drainage port water area, which can realize good treatment on bottom mud.

The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

an urban sewage disposal mouth water area environment restoration process comprises the following steps:

firstly, pumping water in a pond out of the pond;

step two, cleaning solid garbage in the bottom mud by utilizing mechanical combination and manual work;

step three, regulating and controlling the water depth to 40-80 cm, beating the muddy water by using a paddle hanging machine, adding the efficient physicochemical complexing agent and stirring;

cleaning, disinfecting and shaping the pond revetment, then planting hygrophytes with good decontamination effect and developed root systems, and interspersing the planted woody plants;

and fifthly, constructing a submerged plant community, an emergent aquatic plant community, a floating-leaf plant community, a large benthonic animal community and a fish community.

Further improvement, step four still includes sets up ecological grass planting ditch on the revetment, ecological grass planting ditch is wide 0.8m-1.2m, ecological grass planting ditch has laid gravel layer, sand bed, planting soil horizon and overburden by supreme down in proper order, be equipped with the blind pipe in the gravel layer.

The improved material feeding device comprises a support frame, a hopper and a discharging pipe, wherein a mounting platform is obliquely arranged on the support frame, the stub bar comprises a hopper body and a discharging channel connected to the lower portion of the hopper body, the upper end of the discharging channel is communicated with the hopper body, the lower end of the discharging channel is sealed and fixed on the mounting platform, one end of the discharging pipe is connected with the discharging channel, and the other end of the discharging pipe extends to one side of the mounting platform, which is lower in position.

In a further improvement, the discharging channel is provided with a groove surrounding the discharging channel, the groove is provided with an opening, the discharging pipe comprises a pipe body and a lantern ring connected with the pipe body, the lantern ring is sleeved on the groove and can rotate around the groove, and the pipe body is communicated with the opening.

The feeding device further comprises a motor, a speed reducer, a rotary table, a pin shaft and a sliding sleeve, wherein the speed reducer is connected with the motor, the rotary table is connected with the speed reducer, the pin shaft is connected with the rotary table and the sliding sleeve, a connecting point of the pin shaft and the rotary table deviates from the center of the rotary table, and the pipe body penetrates through the sliding sleeve.

In a further improvement, a valve is arranged on the discharge channel.

The further improvement is that the water depth of the constructed area of the submerged plant community is 0.8-1.2 m, and the submerged plants in the submerged plant community comprise one or more of tape grass, hydrilla verticillata, potamogeton bambusoides, spike foxtail and potamogeton microteetsii.

In a further improvement, the water depth of the construction area of the emergent aquatic plant and the floating-leaf plant community is 0.5-2 m, the emergent aquatic plant comprises one or more of cattail, evergreen arundo donax linn, canna aquatica, droughty groundsel herb, thalictrum reserpi and yellow flag, and the floating-leaf plant comprises hardy water lily and/or ulva pratensis;

in a further refinement, the large benthonic community includes a gastropod benthonic community including perigyrus and a bivalve benthonic community including mussels.

In a further improvement, the fish community comprises one or more of pelteobagrus fulvidraco, mandarin fish, weever, culter alburnus, silver carp and bighead carp.

Compared with the prior art, the invention provides an environment restoration process for a water area of an urban sewage drainage port, which adopts an in-situ restoration technology, has low cost and quick effect, reduces N, P and nutrient content in polluted bottom mud in a bottom mud in-situ restoration mode, creates a bottom mud environment suitable for growth of aquatic plants, and then constructs a complete and long-acting aquatic ecosystem in the water area, thereby meeting the requirement of continuously restoring the polluted environment, improving the quality of discharged water and reducing pollution load, and further constructing an ecological landscape lake integrating an underwater forest and a water surface landscape into a whole through a revetment wetland construction project.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view structure diagram of a feeding device used in an urban sewage area environment restoration process.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a second perspective structure of a feeding device used in the urban sewage area environmental remediation process.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a hopper used in the urban sewage disposal mouth water area environment repairing process.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a discharge pipe used in the urban sewage area environment remediation process.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an artificial wetland relating to an urban sewage drainage port water area environment restoration process.

In the drawings

A gravel layer-1; a blind pipe-11; a sand layer-2;

planting soil layer-3; a cover layer-4; a support frame-5;

a mounting platform-51; a bucket body-61; a discharge channel-62;

a valve-621; a groove-622; opening-623;

-71 a tube body; a collar-72; motor-81;

a speed reducer-82; a turntable-83; a sliding sleeve-84.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

building a temporary drainage ditch outside a revetment of a pond, and pumping and draining water in the pond to the outside of the pond;

step two, cleaning solid garbage in the bottom mud by using a mechanical combination and manual work, washing and transporting the solid garbage out, and properly treating the solid garbage;

Step four still includes to set up ecological grass planting ditch on the revetment, and this ecological grass planting ditch utilizes interim escape canal construction, as shown in fig. 5, ecological grass planting ditch width 0.8m-1.2m, ecological grass planting ditch has laid gravel layer 1, sand bed 2, planting soil horizon 3 and overburden 4 by supreme down in proper order, be equipped with blind pipe 11 in the gravel layer 1.

In the third step, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, a feeding device is used for feeding the efficient physicochemical complexing agent, the feeding device comprises a support frame 5, a hopper and a discharge pipe, a mounting platform 51 is obliquely arranged on the support frame 5, the stub bar comprises a hopper body 61 and a discharge channel 62 connected below the hopper body 61, the upper end of the discharge channel 62 is communicated with the hopper body 61, the lower end of the discharge channel is closed and fixed on the mounting platform 51, one end of the discharge pipe is connected with the discharge channel 62, and the other end of the discharge pipe extends to the lower side of the mounting platform 51.

When feeding, the support frame 5 is arranged at the stern, so that the whole feeding device is fixed and corresponds to the position of the paddle hanging machine, when feeding, the high-efficiency physicochemical complexing agent is fed into the hopper, then enters the discharging channel 62, finally enters the discharging pipe, flows out from the tail end of the discharging pipe and enters the pond, compared with a manual feeding mode, the working efficiency of feeding can be effectively improved, and meanwhile, the labor cost is reduced.

In order to allow a larger area to be put in at a time during feeding, the discharge pipe is required to be capable of swinging, and the discharge pipe is specially provided with the following settings: be equipped with on discharging channel 62 and encircle its self recess 622, be equipped with trompil 623 on the recess 622, the discharging pipe include pipe body 71 and with the lantern ring 72 that pipe body 71 is connected, lantern ring 72 cover is located on the recess 622 and can wind recess 622 rotates, pipe body 71 with trompil 623 intercommunication. Under the structure, when feeding, the pipe body 71 is swung, and the lantern ring 72 rotates around the groove 622 (namely, the discharge channel 62), so that large-area feeding can be realized at one time, the working efficiency is improved, and the feeding uniformity is effectively ensured.

In order to improve the automation degree of the device and reduce the manual burden, the feeding device further comprises a motor 81, a speed reducer 82, a rotary disc 83, a pin shaft and a sliding sleeve 84, the speed reducer 82 is connected with the motor 81, the rotary disc 83 is connected with the speed reducer 82, the pin shaft is connected with the rotary disc 83 and the sliding sleeve 84, namely the sliding sleeve 84 can rotate around the pin shaft for 360 degrees, the connecting point of the pin shaft and the rotary disc 83 is deviated from the center of the rotary disc 83, and the pipe body 71 penetrates through the sliding sleeve 84. When the motor 81 is started, the speed reducer 82 operates, the speed reducer 82 drives the rotating disc 83 to rotate, the sliding sleeve 84 moves along with the rotating disc, and therefore the pipe body 71 moves along with the rotating disc, and the sliding sleeve 84 is eccentrically arranged, so that the pipe body 71 moves in a left-right swinging mode, and automatic swinging of the feeding pipe is achieved.

In order to control the discharging, a valve 621 is disposed on the discharging channel 62.

The water depth of the constructed region of the submerged plant community is 0.8-1.2 m, and the submerged plants in the submerged plant community comprise one or more of tape grass, hydrilla verticillata, potamogeton bambusoides, spike-shaped foxtail and potamogeton crenulata.

The submerged plant community is constructed by the following steps:

(1) putting the water treated by the ecological filter tank into the water till the water depth is 0.8m to 1.2 m;

(2) and (4) sterilizing the substrate. Because the bottom sediment and the water quality of the water body do not meet the requirements of the planting and growth of the aquatic plants, the water bottom matrix and the water quality of the water body are improved before the planting of the aquatic plants, and biological agents are disinfected and activated, so that the water bottom matrix and the water quality of the water body are gradually suitable for the requirements of the planting and growth of the aquatic plants;

(3) and (5) constructing a submerged plant community. The submerged plants are widely distributed in lakes and have large biomass, and can become a main primary producer of ecological systems of shallow lakes. The submerged plants in the shallow water have higher purification rate on pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the lake, can fix sediments, reduce resuspension, reduce endogenous load of the lake and provide refuges for zooplankton, so that the control of an ecological system on the phytoplankton and the self-purification capacity of the system are enhanced; on the other hand, the roots, the stems and the leaves of the plant can provide good attachment environment for microorganisms, so that the microorganisms with high purification efficiency are formed on the plant, under the photosynthesis of the plant leaves and the rhizosphere, an anaerobic-aerobic microenvironment is formed around the plant and at the rhizosphere, and finally a high-water plant-microorganism 'biofilm' system with strong purification efficiency is formed. Meanwhile, different submerged plants have different characteristics, and the thickness of a microbial 'biofilm' formed by the submerged plants is different from the microbial community structure, and the purification capacity is also different.

The submerged plant variety selection principle is that ① species are various, stress resistance and stability are improved, suspended matter settlement is promoted, resuspension is prevented, ② purification capacity is strong, four-season purification is achieved, ③ ecological landscape effect is good, ④ ecological safety is achieved, and non-exotic species exist.

(4) Maintaining proper water depth, and sterilizing the water body by using a biological agent in a matching way to ensure the growth of submerged plants;

(5) after the submerged plants survive for 60 percent, the pond can store water to a normal water level, and the average water depth is 1.5-2.0 m;

in the maintenance stage, the submerged plants can be harvested according to the growth vigor of the submerged plants and can be transported and properly treated.

The water depth of the constructed area of the emergent aquatic plant and the floating-leaf plant community is 0.5-2 m, the emergent aquatic plant comprises one or more of cattail, evergreen arundina, canna aquatica, eclipta alba, thalictrum ramosissimum and acorus calamus, and the floating-leaf plant comprises hardy water lily and/or pink green foxtail algae;

under the condition of normal water level in the open water period, emergent aquatic plants are planted in the area with the water depth of 0-0.5 m, and floating-leaf plants are dotted and planted in the area with the water depth of 0.5-2.0 m.

The main purposes of planting emergent aquatic plants and floating plants are that ① promotes the water surface and the landscapes of the bank belts, ② absorbs and filters surface runoff through the emergent aquatic plants to reduce rich nutrients and silt which are discharged into lakes through the surface runoff, ③ the emergent aquatic plants can protect the revetment and reduce the erosion of wind waves to the revetment so as to protect the water body, and ④ the floating plants can promote the self-cleaning capacity of the water body.

In order to ensure the landscape effect after planting, the plant varieties and planting widths of emergent aquatic plants and floating-leaf plants can be properly adjusted according to the field conditions.

The large benthonic animal community comprises an gastropod benthonic animal community and a bivalve benthonic animal community, the gastropod benthonic animal community comprises a periwinkle, and the bivalve benthonic animal community comprises a freshwater mussel.

Suspended solid in the water leads to the submerged plant attachment too thick easily and influences submerged plant photosynthesis for the submerged plant growth slows down, and purifying effect reduces, through the construction of cooperation attachment clearance system, promotes the submerged plant growth, plays the effect of making a result the best effort to purifying effect. Research shows that the cyclocarya can obviously reduce the biomass of attached organisms per unit area in an in-situ test carried out along the coast of Taihu Meilianwan.

After the ecological system is operated, various aquatic animals and plants die and settle, and in the process of forming sediments at the bottom of a lake, the ecological system needs to recover organic matters to decompose biological communities, and the bivalve benthos can effectively filter organic debris of water and sedimentary species due to the feeding property of the bivalve benthos, so that nutritive salt enters a food net chain to be recycled.

The mussels usually feed on bacteria, phytoplankton, protozoa, rotifer, small cladocera, small copepods and organic debris in water, the feeding types of different mussels are different, for example, more algae are fed by the plica style mussels than by the hyriopsis cumingii, the feeding amount depends on the amount of bait in the water, the palatability, the physical conditions of the mussels and the like, and the water quality of the water body is effectively purified by filtering the water.

The fish community comprises one or more of pelteobagrus fulvidraco, mandarin fish, weever, culter alburnus, silver carp and bighead carp. The larva of the anodonta denticulata, namely the leptobagrus, needs to be parasitized in gills of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco to complete metamorphosis development, so that the breeding of organisms is obtained, therefore, the pelteobagrus fulvidraco and the anodonta denticulata can also form a biological mutual benefit functional group, meanwhile, the pelteobagrus fulvidraco can also prey omnivorous fishes, the biomass of zooplankton is improved, and the biomass of phytop.

Algal (phytoplankton) biomass reduction can be achieved by the following approaches: 1) zooplankton feeding; 2) xenocypris bleeker large-scale benthonic animals filter or scrape; 3) the filter-feeding fish of silver carp and bighead carp.

There are two ways to increase zooplankton populations in aquatic ecosystems: 1) the zooplankton is directly added, so that the method is suitable for the water body with serious cyanobacterial bloom or eutrophication, more algae and few omnivorous fishes, otherwise, the zooplankton is difficult to survive and acts; 2) through typical biological control, a carnivorous fish community is constructed, and a omnivorous fish community is controlled, so that the zooplankton population is strengthened, and the food intake of phytoplankton is realized.

After water storage, a large number of fishes can gradually establish populations, particularly small fishes and benthic omnivorous fishes, which have great influence on zooplankton, thereby being not beneficial to the control of phytoplankton and the formation of clear-water lakes. Benthic fish also increase sediment resuspension and nutrient salt release. The quantity of the fishes is controlled, so that a healthy food net structure with strong phytoplankton control capacity is constructed, and the method is an important part for establishing a shallow water ecological system.

The scheme adopts an in-situ repair process, and the in-situ repair process is compared with an ex-situ repair process as follows:

considering that the periphery of the pond is provided with a residential area, a teaching area and the like, and combining the cost control and the repairing effect, a process scheme of an in-situ efficient physicochemical complexing agent repairing technology is selected.

The foregoing description of the embodiments is provided to facilitate an understanding and use of the invention and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to the embodiments and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.

Claims

1. An urban sewage disposal mouth water area environment restoration process is characterized by comprising the following steps:

firstly, pumping water in a pond out of the pond;

step two, cleaning solid garbage in the bottom mud;

cleaning, disinfecting and shaping the pond revetment, then planting the hygrophytes, and simultaneously interspersing and planting woody plants;

2. The urban water-stain-discharge-port water area environment restoration process according to claim 1, wherein the fourth step further comprises arranging an ecological grass planting ditch on the revetment, wherein the width of the ecological grass planting ditch is 0.8m-1.2m, the ecological grass planting ditch is sequentially paved with a gravel layer, a sand layer, a planting soil layer and a covering layer from bottom to top, and the gravel layer is provided with a blind pipe.

3. The urban water area environment repairing process for the water drainage port according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the efficient physicochemical complexing agent is fed by using a feeding device, the feeding device comprises a support frame, a hopper and a discharge pipe, an installation platform is obliquely arranged on the support frame, the stub bar comprises a hopper body and a discharge channel connected below the hopper body, the upper end of the discharge channel is communicated with the hopper body, the lower end of the discharge channel is closed and fixed on the installation platform, one end of the discharge pipe is connected with the discharge channel, and the other end of the discharge pipe extends to the lower side of the installation platform.

4. The urban water drainage port water area environment repairing process according to claim 3, wherein a groove surrounding the discharging channel is formed in the discharging channel, an opening is formed in the groove, the discharging pipe comprises a pipe body and a sleeve ring connected with the pipe body, the sleeve ring is sleeved on the groove and can rotate around the groove, and the pipe body is communicated with the opening.

5. The urban sewage disposal mouth water area environment restoration process according to claim 4, wherein the feeding device further comprises a motor, a speed reducer, a rotary table, a pin shaft and a sliding sleeve, the speed reducer is connected with the motor, the rotary table is connected with the speed reducer, the pin shaft is connected with the rotary table and the sliding sleeve, a connection point of the pin shaft and the rotary table deviates from the center of the rotary table, and the pipe body penetrates through the sliding sleeve.

6. The process of claim 5, wherein the valve is disposed on the discharge channel.

7. The urban water-discharging mouth water area environment restoration process according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the depth of the constructed area water of the submerged plant community is 0.8m to 1.2m, and submerged plants in the submerged plant community comprise one or more of common sowthistle herb, black algae, potamogeton bambusoides, spike foxtail and potamogeton tridentate.

8. The urban water drainage mouth water area environment restoration process according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the water depth of the construction area of the emergent aquatic plant and the floating-leaf plant community is 0.5m-2m, the emergent aquatic plant comprises one or more of cattail, evergreen arundo donax linn, canna aquatica, eclipta alba, thaliana dealbata and acorus calamus, and the floating-leaf plant comprises hardy water lily and/or ulva glauca.

9. The urban sewage mouth water area environment remediation process of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the large benthonic animal community comprises a gastropod benthonic animal community comprising periwinkle and a bivalve benthonic animal community comprising freshwater mussels.

10. The urban sewage draining mouth water area environment repairing process according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the fish community comprises one or more of pelteobagrus fulvidraco, mandarin fish, weever, culter alburnus, chub and bighead carp.