CN110723270B - Stratospheric airship with large-scale rigid-flexible integrated structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a stratospheric airship with a large-scale rigid-flexible integrated structure, comprising an outer bladder supported by a tensioned integral main keel, and a plurality of sealed inner bladders inside the outer bladder. The tensioned integral main keel includes a plurality of stiffening rings placed side by side, and a plurality of central axis trusses that pass through the length direction of the stratospheric airship after sequentially connecting the two ends of the hub shafts at the centers of the respective stiffening rings. Or when the light changes, the tensioned integral main keel bears the negative pressure from the outer capsule, so that the volume of the outer capsule changes little, and the stratospheric airship can still be suspended in the stratosphere relatively stably. The stratospheric airship of the present invention limits the shape of the outer bag by setting the tensioned integral main keel of a fixed shape, basically ensuring the stability of the volume and buoyancy of the outer bag, so long-term airborne flight can be realized. The internal pressure control is simple, the attitude is stable, the energy consumption is low, and the controllability of lift-off and return is excellent, laying the foundation for the industrial application of the stratospheric airship.

Description

A large-scale rigid-flexible stratospheric airship

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of aerostats, in particular to a large-scale rigid-flexible integrated structure stratospheric airship.

Background technique

The stratosphere, also known as the stratosphere, is the second layer of the earth's atmosphere from bottom to top, above the troposphere, below the middle layer, that is, about 10-50 kilometers above sea level, warm on the top and cold on the bottom, with an average atmospheric density of about 88.9 g/m ³ , the atmosphere in the stratosphere flows horizontally, rolling up and down rarely occurs, and the air flow is relatively stable, so most aircraft fly in the stratosphere.

The stratospheric airship is a low-dynamic aircraft that uses static buoyancy and combines propulsion and integrated environmental control, flight control, energy and other sub-systems and is stationed in the near space of the stratosphere for a long time. It has a wide range of potential for military and civilian applications and is a national strategy. Sexual space resource development platform and key R&D areas. However, at present, in the world, it is still in the stage of key technology research, bottleneck technology breakthrough, and integration technology verification, and there is no mature industrial-grade application product.

Due to the thin air in the stratosphere, the air density is only about 1/14 of the sea level, and the buoyancy is extremely small. Therefore, in order to reduce weight, soft airships made of lightweight materials are generally used at home and abroad. However, the alternation of day and night in the stratosphere causes the temperature of the airship to change, resulting in buoyancy changes, pressure changes, and changes in the center of mass, resulting in unstable airships in the air. At the same time, the rarefied gas makes it difficult to compress the air. Therefore, the blower that maintains the pressure needs a special blower with low flow and high pressure head, which has high energy consumption, low efficiency, but high cost; The heavy weight makes the thrust inefficient. In addition, more energy is consumed to maintain the state of the airship system, which also increases the total weight of the airship system. Therefore, the total weight of the stratospheric airship system is not light. Moreover, the airship system requires long-term airborne, maintaining altitude, and maintaining buoyancy, which has not been effectively solved in the current technology. Scientific and technological personnel in this field at home and abroad are still conducting various explorations.

Among them, the Chinese patent applications "a bionic stratospheric airship" (CN108706091A), and "a method for controlling the buoyancy and pressure of a stratospheric airship" (CN108725734A), according to the shape principle of the jellyfish, a new type of airship is proposed Configuration and layout, the thermal regulation airbag is filled with a gas-liquid reversibly regulated working medium, and the working medium is converted between liquid and gas through a thermodynamic cycle device, and the pressure and buoyancy control method is used to realize the control of the working medium. Long-term control of pressure and buoyancy, but does not address the issue of centroid regulation.

The Chinese patent "A Stratospheric Airship Containing Hydrogen Regulating Device" (CN106394855A), through the release of hydrogen storage ballast to supplement the loss of helium, so as to maintain buoyancy and pressure, and combined with the hydrogen-oxygen-water electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell to achieve circulation However, there are many technical difficulties, and hydrogen is currently prohibited from being used in airships.

The Chinese patent "An airship with an ammonia gas auxiliary airbag and its buoyancy control method" (ZL201110012621.8), adopts the ammonia auxiliary airbag ternary airbag, and realizes the control of pressure and buoyancy through the phase change between gas and liquid, The scheme has high feasibility, but the influence of ammonia working medium on the center of buoyancy and the airship's center of mass and its control problems have not been effectively solved.

The Chinese patent "Rigid Structural System for Large Airships" (CN201521080600.X) proposes an airship with a rigid structural system, including a prestressed structural system and a flexible outer bag structure. The prestressed structural system consists of a central mandrel, a prestressed stiffening ring, and a longitudinal connecting rod. However, the prestressed stiffening ring of this structure has low rigidity and poor stability. The full-length central shaft runs through the head and tail of the airship bag, respectively passing through the central tubes of several prestressed stiffening rings, resulting in the central shaft being relatively affected. The large bending force is easy to lose stability, the bearing capacity is low, the installation is inconvenient, and it is difficult to form an overall feasible pretension.

The Chinese patent application "A rigid stratospheric airship with a new structure" (CN108725741A) provides a rigid stratospheric airship. A plurality of outer bladder frames composed of stiffening rings and rods are arranged outside the outer bladder, and the inner bladder It is divided into capsules in the cabin arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the airship, storing helium, and storing air in the capsule between the outer and inner capsules. Although the scheme is called a rigid airship and can withstand negative pressure, the In essence, the scheme is still an airship concept with an overall soft structure, only a partially enhanced structural system, that is, the entire airship structural system still requires the outer bag to be inflated and overpressured to maintain the shape and stiffness of the airship.

The Chinese patent application "A large-scale semi-rigid structure airship" (CN201910275705.7) adopts a structure in which the integral keel of the tension-compression self-balancing system is integrated with the pre-tensioned bladder to bear the force cooperatively. The characteristics of overall conformal under compression and overall stiffness and high load-bearing shape under low pressure. However, the bladder is generally non-negative and can be close to zero pressure. Some bladders (spherical head or low-resistance streamline) cannot maintain their shape and stiffness under low or zero pressure. At the same time, this invention is only aimed at airships The structural system does not involve the improvement of the overall characteristics of the airship.

That is to say, the long-term airborne survivability of the stratospheric airship in the prior art has not been well solved, and it has become an obstacle to the industrial application of the stratospheric airship.

Therefore, the prior art still needs to be further improved and improved.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a large-scale rigid-flexible integrated stratospheric airship to improve the long-term airborne survivability of the stratospheric airship.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a large-scale rigid-flexible integrated structure stratospheric airship, comprising a sealed outer bladder and a plurality of sealed inner bladders disposed inside the outer bladder; the outer bladder The body is surrounded by a rigid tensioned integral main keel wrapped by a flexible and low air permeability film material, and the outer bag is filled with air; the inner bag is made of ultra-light and low-strength film, and the inner bag is Filled with helium, the inner bag is provided with a helium valve on the top of the outer bag; the tensioned integral main keel includes a plurality of side-by-side stiffening rings and a set of central axis trusses, the central core The shaft trusses are sequentially connected and fixed at both ends of the hub shaft at the center of each stiffening ring, and after being connected, pass through the length direction of the stratospheric airship; the stiffening ring includes an outer ring for supporting the outer bladder, so The outer ring includes at least two sub-rings connected and stretched by a group of triangular trusses arranged apart in the circumferential direction, and the triangular trusses include two outer chord nodes that collide with and spread the two sub-rings outward and a distance away from the two sub-rings. An inner chord node of the outer bladder; the inner chord node is connected to both ends of the hub shaft separately through two radial pull rods.

Preferably, the inner bag body annularly surrounds the central axis truss.

Preferably, it also includes a loop control system for adjusting the air pressure inside the outer bag, so as to maintain the air pressure in the outer bag between a set negative pressure limit and a set positive pressure limit; the The environment control system includes an environment control controller, which controls the opening and closing of a group of normally closed air valves arranged at the bottom of the outer bag and a group of blowers installed on the outer bag under the pressure difference between the inside and outside respectively; When the positive pressure in the outer bag is higher than the positive pressure limit, the environmental control controller controls the opening of the air valve, and the air is exhausted under the positive pressure; non-return vanes, when the negative pressure in the outer bag is lower than the negative pressure limit, the environmental control controller controls the blower to work, blows open the non-return vanes, and blows the air to the inside of the outer bag Inflate to reduce negative pressure; the negative pressure limit does not exceed the negative pressure value corresponding to the compression limit of the main keel of the tensioned whole, and the positive pressure limit does not exceed the tensile limit of the outer bladder. Corresponding positive pressure value; positive pressure when the air pressure inside the outer bag is higher than the atmospheric pressure outside the outer bag, and negative pressure when the air pressure inside the outer bag is lower than the atmospheric pressure outside the outer bag.

More preferably, a plurality of the air valve and the blower are provided.

More preferably, the blower includes a high-altitude blower and a low-altitude blower, and is controlled and operated by the environmental control controller according to the suspended height of the stratospheric airship.

Preferably, it also includes a propulsion system for maneuvering the stratospheric airship, the propulsion system including at least one tail thruster controlled by a propulsion controller; the tail thrust is fixed to an outer bag in the tail region of the stratospheric airship The outer surface of the body faces the end of the central axis truss.

More preferably, the propulsion system further comprises at least one side thruster controlled by the thrust controller, and the side thruster is fixed on the outer surface of the outer balloon body symmetrically, facing the outer ring.

Further preferably, high-altitude motors are used to drive high-altitude propellers for the side thrusters and the tail thrusters.

Preferably, the stratospheric airship further comprises an energy system for providing energy, and a pod for placing the load.

More preferably, the energy system includes a solar energy collection panel covering at least part of the upper surface of the stratospheric airship, and the solar energy collection panel is electrically connected to a battery for powering the stratospheric airship.

Further preferably, the battery powers the environmental control system and/or the propulsion system.

Further preferably, the battery is placed in the pod.

Preferably, two adjacent stiffening rings are connected to each other by a set of longitudinal tie rods that are scattered perpendicular to the circumferential direction, and the longitudinal tie rods are fixedly connected to a pair of adjacent outer chord nodes on two adjacent stiffening rings.

More preferably, the stratospheric airship also includes a sub-string keel arranged on the head area of the airship and connected to a pair of outer chord nodes facing each other on two adjacent stiffening rings. It includes an outer tie rod and an inner tie rod that are stretched by at least one hollow-shaped strut, and the longitudinal tie rods connected to the same outer chord node pass through the strut in sequence.

Further preferably, the string tensioning rod is attached to the inner surface of the outer bladder.

Further preferably, the outer tension rod and the inner tension rod are arranged symmetrically or asymmetrically, and the number of the braces is set according to the segment length of the secondary keel, and is not less than three.

Preferably, at least two pairs of tail fins are provided on the outer surfaces of opposite sides of the tail region, the tail fins are inflatable tail fins, and the four tail fins are arranged in an X-shape.

Preferably, the stratospheric airship further comprises at least one retractable air cushion, and the air cushion is arranged at the bottom of the stratospheric airship, facing the stiffening ring.

More preferably, there are more than four air cushions, which are distributed and symmetrically arranged on the bottom abdomen of the stratospheric airship.

More preferably, the air cushion is stored and folded during the cruising stage of the stratospheric airship, and is inflated to the design pressure when it returns to a flight and landed at a certain height from the ground.

Further preferably, the certain height is 1 km.

The invention also discloses a working method of the stratospheric airship, wherein the stratospheric airship resides in the stratosphere: when the air pressure in the outer capsule exceeds the positive pressure limit, the environmental control controller controls The outer bag body is deflated outward through the air valve; when the air pressure in the outer bag body is lower than the negative pressure limit, the environmental control controller controls the high-altitude blower to inflate the outer bag body.

The present invention further discloses a working method of the stratospheric airship. When the stratospheric airship is returning to home and landing: at an altitude higher than 10 km, the environmental control controller controls the outer bag to be at a set negative pressure limit , turn on the high-altitude blower to control the weight and landing speed of the stratospheric airship; at an altitude lower than 10km, the environmental control controller controls the outer bag at the set lower positive pressure limit, and turns on the low-altitude blower to control the advection Layer airship weight and landing speed.

Technical effect: The present invention discloses a stratospheric airship with a large-scale rigid-flexible integrated structure. The stratospheric airship includes an outer bladder supported by a tensioned integral main keel, and multiple A sealed inner bag, the tensioned integral main keel includes a plurality of stiffening rings placed side by side, and a plurality of central axis trusses that run through the length of the airship after sequentially connecting the two ends of the hub shafts at the centers of the stiffening rings. , when the temperature of the stratosphere or the illumination of the stratospheric airship changes, the tensioned integral main keel is subjected to the negative pressure from the outer capsule, so that the volume of the outer capsule changes very little, so although the outer The air pressure in the capsule changes with the outside atmospheric temperature or light, but the stratospheric airship can still maintain buoyancy and airborne height, and is relatively stably suspended in the stratosphere. The stratospheric airship of the present invention limits the shape of the outer bladder by setting the tensioned integral main keel of a fixed shape, basically ensuring the stability of the volume and buoyancy of the outer bladder, and reducing the complicated control system, It reduces the energy required for air-holding, so long-term air-holding flight can be realized, the internal pressure control is simple, the attitude is stable, the energy consumption is low, and the controllability of lift-off and return is excellent, laying the foundation for the industrial application of the stratospheric airship.

The concept, specific structure and technical effects of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, characteristics and effects of the present invention.

Description of drawings

1 is a cross-sectional view of a structural system of a preferred embodiment of the stratospheric airship of the present invention in the up-down direction;

2 is a perspective view of the skeleton structure of a preferred embodiment of the stratospheric airship of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the stiffening ring of a preferred embodiment of the stratospheric airship of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the layout diagram of the environmental control system of a preferred embodiment of the stratospheric airship of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a propulsion system layout diagram of a preferred embodiment of the stratospheric airship of the present invention;

6 is a cross-sectional view of the sub-keel of a preferred embodiment of the stratospheric airship of the present invention;

In the figure, 101. Tensioned overall main keel, 102. Zhangxian secondary keel, 103. Outer capsule, 104. Inner capsule, 105. Tail wing, 106. Pod, 107. Air cushion, 10101. Stiffening ring, 10102 Middle Mandrel truss, 10103 longitudinal tie rod, 1010101. Triangular truss, 1010102. Hub shaft, 1010103. Radial tie rod, 1010104. Outer ring, 10201. High-altitude blower, 202. Low-altitude blower, 203. Air valve, 204. Helium valve, 205. Differential pressure gauge, 206 Environmental control controller, 301. Side pusher, 302. Tail pusher, 401. Solar panel.

Detailed ways

The following describes several preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, so as to make its technical content clearer and easier to understand. The present invention can be embodied in many different forms of embodiments, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments mentioned herein.

In the drawings, structurally identical components are denoted by the same numerals, and structurally or functionally similar components are denoted by like numerals throughout. The size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily shown, and the present invention does not limit the size and thickness of each component. In order to make the illustration clearer, the thicknesses of components are appropriately exaggerated in some places in the drawings.

The present invention discloses a stratospheric airship with a large-scale rigid-flexible integrated structure. The cross-sectional view of the overall structure in the upper and lower directions is shown in FIG. 1 . The inner bag body 104; the outer bag body 103 is surrounded by a main keel 101 wrapped by a flexible and low air permeability film material. The flexible film material with low air permeability, for example, is selected to only permeate 0.5 liters of air per square meter in 24 hours, and has high specific strength, light weight and high strength. The outer bag 103 is filled with air.

The tensioned integral main keel 101 has a certain structural strength and constitutes the skeleton of the stratospheric airship, so it also reflects the basic shape of the stratospheric airship, basically preventing the outer bladder 103 from being affected by the external atmospheric pressure. changes in air temperature, or changes in atmospheric temperature, or is heated by sunlight, and collapses or expands too much, that is, prevents the volume of the stratospheric airship from changing too much, and changes in buoyancy due to volume changes, so that the advection The level airship lifts and falls too much when levitating.

Inside the outer bladder 103, a plurality of sealed inner bladders 104 are arranged. The inner bladder 104 is made of ultra-light and low-strength film and is filled with helium to keep the stratospheric airship sufficiently buoyant. The helium valve 204 of the inner bag 104 is opened at the top of the outer bag 103 .

The specific structure of the tensioned integral main keel 101 is shown in the three-dimensional view of the internal skeleton structure in FIG. 2 , including a set of central axis trusses 10102 connected to a set of stiffening rings 10101 placed side by side and parallel to each other, and connected in series to pass through the stratosphere The central skeleton of the airship's fore and aft lengths. The central axis truss 10102 is a multi-section shuttle-shaped triangular truss with sufficient mechanical strength. The inner bag 104 preferably surrounds the central axis truss 10102 in a ring shape to help achieve the left-right balance of the stratospheric airship.

Specifically, the specific structure of the stiffening ring 10101 is shown in FIG. 3 , including an outer ring 1010104 at the outer periphery for supporting the outer bladder 103 , and a hub shaft 1010102 fixed at the center. The outer ring 1010104 includes at least two sub-rings connected and stretched by a triangular truss 1010101. The triangular truss 1010101 includes two outer chord nodes that resist and spread the outer bladder 103 outward and the inner side is far away from the outer The inner chord node of the bladder 103; two radial tie rods 1010103, one end is jointly connected to the inner chord node, and the other end is separately connected to both ends of the hub shaft 1010102.

That is, among the three vertices of the triangular truss 1010101, the two outer chord nodes are respectively connected to the outer chord nodes of the adjacent triangular truss 1010101 through the longitudinal tie rods 10203 to form the outer peripheral skeleton of the stratospheric airship, bearing The force from the outer bladder 103 is mainly pressure. The inner chord node is connected to the two ends of the hub shaft 1010102 in a triangular shape through the corresponding two radial tie rods 1010103, so as to form a stable stress balance system, ensuring that the stress from the outer bladder 103 is stable. Under pressure or tension, it remains stable without causing instability.

At the center, the central shaft truss 10102 connects the two end points of the hub shafts 1010102 on the two adjacent stiffening rings 10101 in sequence, so as to form a stable central shaft in series with each other. The stiffening ring 10101 constitutes the internal skeleton of the stratospheric airship, and the outer bag 103 is covered on each of the stiffening rings 10101 and is stretched into the shape of an airship.

Therefore, through the inner frame, the force exerted by the outer capsule 103 on the outer ring 1010104 of the stratospheric airship is dispersed and transmitted to all parts of the inner frame to be evenly absorbed, thereby increasing the the mechanical strength of the stratospheric airship.

In a better embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 , two adjacent stiffening rings 10101 are further connected to each other by a group of longitudinal tie rods 10103 distributed perpendicular to the circumferential direction, and the longitudinal tie rods 10203 are fixedly connected to each other. A pair of outer chord nodes on the two adjacent stiffening rings 10101 are directly opposite to each other, so as to form the skeleton of the stratospheric airship more accurately, and further support the outer bladder 103 .

When the temperature of the stratosphere drops, or when there is no direct sunlight, such as at night, the temperature of the air inside the outer bag 103 also drops, and the air pressure inside drops. The shape of the stratospheric airship doesn't change much, so the buoyancy doesn't change much. However, this will cause the air pressure inside the stratospheric airship to decrease even more, which is lower than the external atmospheric pressure, forming a negative pressure. The negative pressure causes the outer bladder 103 to absorb and compress the stiffening ring 10101, and even the tension The integral main keel 101 includes pressing on the two ends of the triangular truss 1010101 of the tensioned integral main keel 101 and the outer ring 1010104 of each stiffening ring 10101 . When the negative pressure is too large, it may cause instability or even damage the stratospheric airship. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, in a better embodiment, the stratospheric airship is further provided with an environmental control system for adjusting the air pressure inside the outer bag 103, so as to maintain the air pressure in the outer bag at the set air pressure. between the set negative pressure limit and the set positive pressure limit; wherein, the set value of the negative pressure limit does not exceed the negative pressure value corresponding to the compressive limit of the tensioned integral main keel, so The positive pressure limit value does not exceed the positive pressure value corresponding to the tensile limit of the outer bag 103 . Specifically, the environmental control system may be as follows: an environmental control controller 206 is provided to control the opening and closing of a group of normally closed air provided at the bottom of the outer bag 103 under the pressure difference between the outer bag 103 and the outer bag 103 respectively. A valve and a set of blowers installed on the outer bag 103 to adjust the air pressure balance inside and outside the outer bag 103 . Specifically, when the positive pressure in the outer bag 103 is higher than the positive pressure limit, the environmental control controller controls to open the air valve, and driven by the positive pressure in the outer bag 103, The outer bag 103 is exhausted to the outside to reduce the internal air pressure; and the blower outlet of the blower is provided with a normally closed non-return blade, when the negative pressure in the outer bag 103 is lower than the negative pressure limit At this time, the environmental control controller controls the blower to work, blows open the non-return vanes, and inflates the inside of the outer bag 103 to reduce the negative pressure inside the outer bag 103 . Through the adjustment of the environmental control controller 206, the balance between the air pressure inside the outer bag 103 and the outside atmospheric pressure is restored, so as to ensure the flight safety of the stratospheric airship.

Specifically, in one embodiment, the blower, including a high-altitude blower 201 and a low-altitude blower 202, is controlled to work by the environmental control controller 206 according to the suspension height of the stratospheric airship, and sends the air to the outer capsule. The interior of 103 is filled with air to maintain the air pressure balance inside and outside the outer bag 103 .

When the temperature of the stratosphere rises, or when the sun shines directly on the stratospheric airship during the day, the temperature of the air inside the outer capsule 103 rises, resulting in an increase in the internal air pressure, which is higher than the external atmospheric pressure, forming a positive pressure . However, because it is limited by the shape of the outer bladder 103, the internal tension of the outer bladder 103 will increase. If the internal tension exceeds the tensile limit of the outer bladder 103, the external The balloon 103 ruptures and creates a danger. At this time, a high pressure limit is set, and when the positive pressure inside the outer bag 103 exceeds the high pressure limit, it is controlled by the environmental control controller 206, and the outer bag 103 passes through the air valve 203. Part of the air is expelled outward to reduce the positive pressure, thereby ensuring the safety of the stratospheric airship. Of course, the set value of the high pressure limit cannot exceed the positive pressure value corresponding to the tensile limit of the outer bag 103 .

Specifically, the working method of the stratospheric airship includes:

During the stratospheric residence phase, usually when the air pressure in the outer bladder 103 varies, but is still between the negative pressure limit and the positive pressure limit, no pressure control is required, and no Energy or matter, the stratospheric airship can remain safely in the air. And only when the air pressure in the outer bag 103 is lower than the negative pressure limit value, such as at night, when the atmospheric temperature is low, the environmental control controller 206 will start the high-altitude blower 201 to work, so that the outside The inside of the bag 103 is inflated; and when the air pressure inside the outer bag 103 exceeds the positive pressure limit, for example, during the daytime, the atmospheric temperature is high, or the sun directly shines on the outer bag 3, the environmental control The device 206 controls the outer bladder 103 to release part of the air through the air valve 203 .

During the return landing stage, in the high-altitude stratosphere, the environmental control controller 206 first turns on the high-altitude blower 201 to inflate the outer bag 103 to increase the weight of the stratospheric airship. In the case where the volume change is small and the weight increases, the stratospheric airship will slowly descend. As the height decreases, the external temperature decreases, and the air pressure in the outer airbag 103 also decreases, so inflation also helps to maintain the outer airbag. Air pressure inside the airbag 103 . The descending speed of the stratospheric airship can be controlled by controlling the amount of air that the high-altitude blower 201 blows into the outer bag 103 , that is, controlling the weight of the stratospheric airship.

After descending to a height of less than 10km, since the temperature of the external atmosphere increases with the decrease of the height, the inside of the outer bag 103 will turn to positive pressure, that is, the air pressure inside the outer bag 103 will be higher than the external atmospheric pressure . At this time, when the positive pressure is higher than a set positive pressure limit, the environmental control controller 206 controls the air valve 203 to open to discharge a certain amount of air to maintain the air pressure inside and outside the outer bladder 103 balance and thus reduce the weight of the stratospheric airship. In addition, at the set lower positive pressure limit, the environmental control controller 206 controls the outer bag 103 to turn on the low-altitude blower 202 to inflate the outer bag 103 to increase the weight of the stratospheric airship. Therefore, by adjusting the weight of the air in the outer bag 103, the falling speed of the stratospheric airship can be controlled.

In order to ensure maneuvering flight capability, the stratospheric airship is also provided with a propulsion system for maneuvering the stratospheric airship. As shown in FIG. 5 , the propulsion system includes at least one tail thruster 302 and controls the tail Push 302 works the propulsion controller. The tail thruster 302 is fixed on the outer surface of the outer bag 103 in the tail region of the stratospheric airship, especially opposite to the end of the central axis truss 10102, and has the longest moment arm, which can The maximum torque is generated, so it is only necessary to use the tail thrust 302 with lower power to easily change the pitch state of the stratospheric airship and help the stratospheric airship to turn. In a more preferred embodiment, in order to increase the steering capability of the stratospheric airship, at least one side thruster 301 that is also controlled and operated by the propulsion controller may be provided, and each side thruster 301 is symmetrically fixed to the outer bag. The outer surface of the body 103 is located at the head or middle position of the outer bag body 103, and faces the outer ring 1010104. The side thruster 301 is used to assist in changing the horizontal maneuvering direction of the stratospheric airship. In a more preferred embodiment, the thruster can also use vector control technology to further assist pitch and steering control. Considering the working environment of the stratospheric airship, the tail thruster 302 and the side thruster 301 preferably adopt the technical solution of high-altitude motors driving high-altitude propellers.

In a more preferred embodiment, in order to ensure that the stratospheric airship can stay in the air for a long enough time, the stratospheric airship also carries an energy system, such as renewable energy, especially a solar cell system. Wherein, as shown in FIG. 5 , the solar cell panel 401 covers the outer air bag 103, at least covering the upper surface, so as to face the sun. The obtained electric energy is then sent to the storage battery through the wire for storage, and the storage battery supplies power to the environmental control system and the propulsion system to work. The solar cell renewable energy system and the technical scheme of the battery are used to receive light during the day and charge. The battery not only provides the power required by the stratospheric airship during the day, but also supplies the power required at night, which can realize the energy cycle of day and night. Therefore, the continuous airborne working time of the stratospheric airship can be greatly extended.

As shown in FIG. 2 , a pod 106 is suspended below the stratospheric airship, and the battery can be placed in the pod 106 . The pod 106 is preferably connected below a certain stiffening ring 10101 .

And, more preferably, as shown in FIG. 2 , the tail area is also provided with a tail fin 105, for example, two pairs of four inflatable tail fins without rudder surfaces are used, which are arranged in an X-shape, and are separately arranged on the outer bag body. 103 are on opposite outer surfaces of the tail region to help stabilize the flight attitude of the stratospheric airship.

In a more preferred embodiment, a reinforcement structure is also provided in the airship head area of the stratospheric airship, specifically: on the adjacent two reinforcement rings 10101 in the head area, a tensioned secondary keel 102 is provided , so as to connect a pair of outer chord nodes facing each other on the two adjacent stiffening rings 10101, thereby increasing the resistance of the head to changes in internal and external air pressure.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6 , the secondary keel 102 includes an outer tie rod 10201 and an inner tie rod 10202 that are stretched by at least one hollow-shaped strut 10203. The outer tie rod 10201 and the The inner tie rod 10202 is fitted into a fish-bellied shape, that is, it has a certain curvature, thereby increasing the resistance to external pressure or pulling force. The outer tension rod 10201 is attached to the inner surface of the outer bag 103, that is, the curvature and line shape of the two are the same. In addition, the inner tension rod 10202 and the outer tension rod 10201 can be arranged symmetrically or asymmetrically. The number of the struts 10203 is set according to the segment length of the secondary keel 102, and at least three parallel struts should be set to fully ensure the distance between the inner stretch rod 10202 and the outer stretch rod 10201. , to maintain the bow open.

In addition, the longitudinal tie rods 10103 connected to the same outer chord node pass through each of the strut rods 10203 in sequence, that is, clamped between the chord outer tie rod 10201 and the chord inner tie rod 10202 . Therefore, it is ensured that the main part of the force on the head is borne by the stretched secondary keel 102, so as to ensure the structural strength of the stratospheric airship.

Considering that the stratospheric airship is to return to the ground, in order to prevent a hard landing, an inflatable and retractable air cushion 107 is provided at the bottom of the stratospheric airship, just at the position of the stiffening ring 10101 , as shown in FIG. 1 . The air cushions 107 are also preferentially arranged on the outer bladder 103 where the bottom of the stiffening ring 10101 is directly opposite, and considering the huge length of the stratospheric airship, the air cushions 107 are arranged at least 4, which are distributed and symmetrically arranged on the outer bag body 103. The bottom abdomen of the outer balloon 103 .

In order to ensure the aerodynamic performance of the stratospheric airship, the air cushion 107 is stored and folded during the cruise phase of the airship, and is inflated to the design pressure only when it is 1 km above the ground when returning for landing.

In summary, the present invention discloses a stratospheric airship with a large-scale rigid-flexible integrated structure. The stratospheric airship includes an outer bladder 103 supported by a tensioned integral main keel 101, and an outer bladder 103 arranged in the outer bladder. A plurality of sealed inner bladders 104 inside the body 103, the tensioned integral main keel 101 includes a plurality of stiffening rings 10101 placed side by side, and the two ends of the hub shaft 1010102 connecting the centers of the respective stiffening rings 10101 in sequence, passing through A plurality of central axis trusses 10102 in the length direction of the airship, when the temperature of the stratosphere or the illumination of the stratospheric airship changes, the tensioned integral main keel 101 is subjected to the negative pressure from the outer bladder 103, so that the The volume change of the outer bag 103 is very small, so although the air pressure in the outer bag 103 changes with the outside atmospheric temperature or light, the stratospheric airship can maintain the buoyancy and the airborne height, and is relatively stably suspended in the advection. in the layer. In the stratospheric airship of the present invention, by setting the tensioned integral main keel 101 of a fixed shape, the shape of the outer bladder 103 is limited, the volume and buoyancy of the outer bladder 103 are basically guaranteed to be stable, and the complicated and complicated The control system reduces the energy required for airborne, so long-term airborne flight can be realized, with simple internal pressure control, stable attitude, low energy consumption, and excellent controllability of lift-off and return, laying the foundation for the industrial application of stratospheric airships .

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that many modifications and changes can be made according to the concept of the present invention by those skilled in the art without creative efforts. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments on the basis of the prior art according to the concept of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A large-scale rigid-flexible integral-structure stratospheric airship is characterized by comprising a sealed outer airbag body and a plurality of sealed inner airbag bodies arranged in the outer airbag body;

the outer bag body is formed by wrapping a rigid tensioning integral main keel by a flexible low-air-permeability film material, and air is filled in the outer bag body;

the inner bag body is made of an ultra-light low-strength film, helium is filled in the inner bag body, and a helium valve is arranged at the top of the outer bag body of the inner bag body;

the integral tensioning main keel comprises a plurality of stiffening rings arranged side by side and a group of central mandrel trusses, wherein the central mandrel trusses are sequentially connected and fixed at two ends of a hub shaft at the center of each stiffening ring and penetrate through the length direction of the stratospheric airship after being connected;

the stiffening ring comprises an outer ring for supporting the outer bag body, the outer ring comprises at least two sub-rings which are connected and expanded by a group of triangular trusses which are separately arranged along the circumferential direction, and each triangular truss comprises two outer chord nodes which are abutted outwards and expand the two sub-rings and one inner chord node which is far away from the outer bag body; the inner chord node is separately connected with two ends of the hub shaft through two radial pull rods;

the stratospheric airship also comprises an environmental control system, wherein the environmental control system is used for adjusting the air pressure in the outer capsule body so as to maintain the air pressure in the outer capsule body between a set negative pressure limit value and a set positive pressure limit value;

the stratospheric airship further comprises a string stretching secondary keel, the string stretching secondary keel is arranged on two adjacent stiffening rings in the head area of the airship and is connected with a pair of outer string nodes which are opposite to each other on the two adjacent stiffening rings, the string stretching secondary keel comprises a string stretching outer pull rod and a string stretching inner pull rod which are stretched by at least one hollow-web-shaped support rod, the string stretching outer pull rod and the string stretching inner pull rod are symmetrically or asymmetrically arranged, the string stretching outer pull rod and the string stretching inner pull rod are matched to form a fish belly shape, and the string stretching outer pull rod is attached to the inner surface of the outer bag body.

2. The stratospheric airship according to claim 1, wherein the environmental control system comprises an environmental control controller which respectively controls opening and closing of a set of normally closed air valves arranged at the bottom of the outer bag body and a set of blowers arranged on the outer bag body under the difference of internal pressure and external pressure;

when the positive pressure in the outer capsule body is higher than the positive pressure limit value, the environment-controlled controller controls to open the air valve and exhaust air outwards under the positive pressure;

a blowing port of the air blower is provided with a normally closed check vane, when the negative pressure in the outer bag body is lower than the negative pressure limit value, the ring control controller controls the air blower to work, the air blower blows to open the check vane, the air is inflated into the outer bag body, and the negative pressure is reduced;

the negative pressure limit value is not more than a negative pressure value corresponding to a compression limit of the integral tensioning main keel, and the positive pressure limit value is not more than a positive pressure value corresponding to a tension limit of the outer bag body;

the air pressure in the outer capsule body is positive pressure when being higher than the external atmospheric pressure of the outer capsule body, and the air pressure in the outer capsule body is negative pressure when being lower than the external atmospheric pressure of the outer capsule body.

3. The stratospheric airship of claim 1, further comprising a propulsion system for maneuvering the stratospheric airship, the propulsion system including at least one tail thrust controlled by a propulsion controller; the tail is fixed on the outer surface of an outer bag body of the tail area of the stratospheric airship and is opposite to the end part of the central spindle truss.

4. The stratospheric airship of claim 3 wherein the propulsion system further includes at least one side thrust controlled by the propulsion controller, the side thrust being secured to the outer surface of the outer bladder in side-to-side symmetry, directly opposite the outer ring.

5. The stratospheric airship of any one of claims 2 to 4, further comprising an energy source system for providing energy, and a pod for holding a load; the energy system comprises a solar energy collecting plate covering at least part of the upper surface of the stratospheric airship, the solar energy collecting plate is electrically connected with a storage battery for supplying power to the stratospheric airship, and the storage battery is placed in the nacelle.

6. The stratospheric airship of claim 1 wherein adjacent two of the stiffening rings are interconnected by a set of longitudinal struts which diverge in a direction perpendicular to the circumferential direction, the longitudinal struts fixedly connecting a pair of outer chord nodes on the adjacent two stiffening rings which are directly opposite to the adjacent pair.

7. The stratospheric airship of claim 6, wherein the trailing arms connected to the pair of outer chord nodes pass through the struts in sequence.

8. The stratospheric airship of claim 7, wherein the number of the struts is set to not less than 3 according to the segment length of the open-chord secondary keel.

9. The stratospheric airship of claim 1, wherein the outer capsule body is further provided with at least two pairs of tail wings which are arranged on the outer surfaces of two opposite sides of the tail area and are opposite to each other, the tail wings are inflatable tail wings, and the four tail wings are arranged in an X shape.

10. The stratospheric airship of claim 1 further comprising at least one retractable air cushion, said air cushion being disposed at a bottom of said stratospheric airship opposite said stiffening ring.

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