CN114030585A - High-attendance-rate stratospheric airship comprehensive flight layout - Google Patents
High-attendance-rate stratospheric airship comprehensive flight layout Download PDFInfo
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- CN114030585A CN114030585A CN202111581868.1A CN202111581868A CN114030585A CN 114030585 A CN114030585 A CN 114030585A CN 202111581868 A CN202111581868 A CN 202111581868A CN 114030585 A CN114030585 A CN 114030585A
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- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000005437 stratosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64B—LIGHTER-THAN AIR AIRCRAFT
- B64B1/00—Lighter-than-air aircraft
- B64B1/06—Rigid airships; Semi-rigid airships
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64B—LIGHTER-THAN AIR AIRCRAFT
- B64B1/00—Lighter-than-air aircraft
- B64B1/06—Rigid airships; Semi-rigid airships
- B64B1/08—Framework construction
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64B—LIGHTER-THAN AIR AIRCRAFT
- B64B1/00—Lighter-than-air aircraft
- B64B1/06—Rigid airships; Semi-rigid airships
- B64B1/20—Rigid airships; Semi-rigid airships provided with wings or stabilising surfaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64B—LIGHTER-THAN AIR AIRCRAFT
- B64B1/00—Lighter-than-air aircraft
- B64B1/06—Rigid airships; Semi-rigid airships
- B64B1/24—Arrangement of propulsion plant
- B64B1/30—Arrangement of propellers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64B—LIGHTER-THAN AIR AIRCRAFT
- B64B1/00—Lighter-than-air aircraft
- B64B1/58—Arrangements or construction of gas-bags; Filling arrangements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64B—LIGHTER-THAN AIR AIRCRAFT
- B64B1/00—Lighter-than-air aircraft
- B64B1/66—Mooring attachments
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Abstract
The invention relates to a comprehensive flight layout of a stratospheric airship with high attendance rate, which comprises a main capsule body, a plurality of air bags, a power propulsion device, a vector steering device and four tail wings, wherein the main capsule body is in a double-ellipse bus rotating body configuration; the plurality of air bags are all arranged inside the main bag body; the power propulsion device is fixed on the outer periphery of the main bag body; the vector steering device is fixed at the front end of the main capsule body corresponding to the flight direction of the main capsule body, and the four tail wings are arranged in an X shape and fixed at the rear end of the main capsule body corresponding to the flight direction of the main capsule body.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of motor boats, in particular to a comprehensive flight layout of a stratospheric airship with high attendance rate.
Background
The adjacent space is an aerospace combined area (18 km-100 km) of the flying height of the aircraft and the orbit height of the spacecraft, mainly takes east-west wind as the main part, basically has no weather phenomenon, does not belong to the field of national airspace management in the world, has unique environmental advantages and huge potential military and civil application efficiency, is the field of space development and utilization by disputes of various countries, and has important strategic and industrial values.
The stratospheric airship is a floating aircraft which realizes 'lifting, parking and returning' by static buoyancy under the natural environmental conditions of sufficient solar energy, stable environment and the like near the 20km height of a near space, and has irreplaceable advantages and effects in the aspects of high-resolution ground observation, regional reconnaissance and monitoring, target early warning detection, battlefield environment detection, electronic reconnaissance and countermeasure, high-altitude communication relay capacity and the like by the characteristics of large load, fixed point/region parking and high use efficiency-cost ratio.
The stratospheric airship relates to a multi-field multidisciplinary cross-coupling complex system of materials, structures, energy sources, power, control and the like, and is limited by the technical development levels of the totality, the material strength density, the energy efficiency, the specific energy, the power density, the thrust-weight ratio and the like, the design process always seeks a break point in the contradiction and unification of 'floating weight balance, dynamic resistance balance, energy balance and super-heat overpressure closed loop', so that the existing stratospheric airship technical implementation scheme requires that the ground distribution environmental wind speed is less than 5m/s, the air is clear and cloudy in the lift-off process, the environmental wind speed in the long-term parking height is less than 10m/s, the safe use and the attendance uncertainty can be realized only by selecting a proper meteorological window according to the meteorological forecast result in practical application, but the task execution effect is still limited by the larger accuracy and confidence degree of the meteorological forecast, the annual task attendance rate is low, and if a specific meteorological window meeting the conditions exists in the low latitude period of 11-4 months and the middle latitude period of 6-8 months, the product form of 'instant use and release' cannot be realized, and the application and popularization value is low.
Therefore, how to provide a comprehensive flight layout of a high-attendance stratospheric airship is a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a comprehensive flight layout of a stratospheric airship with a high attendance rate, and solves the technical problem that the annual mission attendance rate of the conventional airship is low.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a comprehensive flight layout of a stratospheric airship with high attendance rate, a main bag body, a plurality of air bags, a power propulsion device, a vector steering device and four tail wings,
the main capsule body is in a double-ellipse bus rotation body configuration;
the plurality of air bags are all arranged inside the main bag body;
the power propulsion device is fixed on the outer periphery of the main bag body;
the vector steering device is fixed at the front end of the main capsule body corresponding to the flight direction of the main capsule body,
the four tail wings are arranged in an X shape and fixed at the rear end of the main bag body corresponding to the flight direction of the main bag body, and a combined pneumatic layout design is formed by combining a double-ellipse bus rotating body structure.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the low-resistance characteristic of the whole airship can be realized by designing the main bag body into a double-ellipse bus rotation body structure, the high-lift-ratio characteristic of the X-shaped empennage is utilized to provide restoring torque to move the pneumatic pressure center of the whole airship to 3% -5% behind the body center, so that the pneumatic characteristic of the longitudinal pitching attitude is movable and statically stable in the full attack angle range, the pneumatic characteristic of the transverse yawing attitude is movable and statically stable in the +/-90-degree sideslip angle range, the pneumatic characteristic of the transverse rolling attitude is movable and statically stable in the +/-90-degree attack angle and sideslip angle range, the pneumatic layout is applied to the high-speed or high-wind-resistance dynamic flying process, the flying attitude of the whole airship is stable due to the pneumatic layout, the horizontal wind characteristic of the stratosphere environment is matched, and the design is combined with the lateral combined speed which is basically zero, so that the airship is always in the low-side-slip low-resistance high-efficiency flying attitude with the autonomous wind-facing capability.
The vector steering device is arranged at the hull head to form a multi-channel efficient control layout design, and by combining the power layout, the requirement of high wind resistance is met by adopting main and auxiliary propulsion full-power output in the daytime and the requirement of matching the wind resistance energy supply capacity by adopting auxiliary propulsion full-power output at night, so that the power propulsion device works near the rated power working condition in the whole life cycle, and is efficient, safe and reliable; the course vector steering device is arranged on the prow, can balance the transverse speed generated by the lateral force and the transverse speed generated by the yawing moment of the prow, is in the same direction, is beneficial to improving the operation efficiency of yawing control, forms three-channel independent control output of forward direction, lateral direction and yawing, is matched with a pneumatic stable layout design, and meets the requirements of airship area residence, fixed-point sky residence and flight mode of a course cruising task.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.
The submarine body auxiliary supporting mechanism comprises a circumferential framework, a longitudinal framework and a tension cable rope, wherein the circumferential framework is fixed on the inner surface of the main bag body along the circumferential direction of the main bag body; the longitudinal skeleton is fixed on the inner surface of the main bag body along the longitudinal direction of the main bag body; the tension rope includes many ropes, and the centre of a circle of hoop skeleton is arranged in to the one end equipartition of a plurality of ropes and locking is fixed each other, and the other end interval is fixed at the hoop skeleton inboard.
The adoption of the further beneficial effects is as follows: the hull auxiliary supporting mechanism can reduce the stress distribution and dimensional pressure level of the main bag body, bear the pneumatic load under the high wind resistance condition, and improve the installation reliability of the power propulsion device and the uniform distribution of stress transmission.
Furthermore, the circumferential frameworks and the tension ropes are 2-8 arranged in parallel and distributed along the longitudinal direction of the main bag body; the longitudinal skeleton is 3 ~ 6 and distributes along the hoop of main utricule.
Furthermore, the ratio of the front long half shaft to the rear long half shaft of the main bag body is 0.5-0.8, the overall length is 100-130 m, and the maximum section diameter is 30-40 m.
Furthermore, the power propulsion device adopts a distributed self-torsion-resistant power layout design and comprises a main power propulsion device and an auxiliary power propulsion device, wherein the main power propulsion device comprises two first propellers which are fixed at the upper front part of the horizontal gravity center section of the main bag body and are longitudinally and symmetrically arranged along the main bag body; the auxiliary propulsion device comprises two propellers II which are fixed at the lower rear part of the horizontal center-of-gravity section of the main bag body and are symmetrically arranged along the longitudinal direction of the main bag body.
The adoption of the further beneficial effects is as follows: the low head moment generated by the main propulsion and the head-up moment generated by the auxiliary propulsion are basically equal.
Furthermore, the first propeller and the second propeller are both arranged by positive and negative propellers,
the adoption of the further beneficial effects is as follows: positive and negative blade layouts may counteract the effects of roll torque.
Furthermore, the volume of the plurality of air bags is 85-95% of the volume of the main bag body.
Further, the front edge sweepback angles alpha of the four tail wings are 10-30 degrees, the rear edge sweepback angles beta of the four tail wings are 0-40 degrees, the aspect ratio is 1-2, and the aerodynamic action area is 2-4% of the volume of the main bag body.
The adoption of the further beneficial effects is as follows: the structure can provide good aerodynamic characteristics and operating characteristics for the airship.
Further, the heating bag also comprises a heating belt, an anti-icing coating or an anti-icing additive, wherein the heating belt is sewn on the outer surface of the main bag body; the anti-icing coating or anti-icing additive is sprayed on the outer surface of the main bag body.
The adoption of the further beneficial effects is as follows: the outer surface of the main bag body is sewn with a heating belt, sprayed with an anti-icing coating or sprayed with an anti-icing additive, so that the problem that the airship cannot be on duty due to icing and weight increment due to overhigh humidity in the environment of the airship ascending can be solved.
Further, the novel bag type anti-theft device also comprises a pull tab and a V-shaped rope, wherein the pull tab is integrally connected to the outer peripheral side of the main bag body and is of a U-shaped structure; both ends of the rope are fixed on the ground, and the middle end of the rope passes through the pull tab.
Further, the pulling loop and the V-shaped rope are both provided with a plurality of ropes.
The adoption of the further beneficial effects is as follows: through laying the tab at hull periphery side, shift hull atress dispersion to hull auxiliary stay mechanism, make whole ship form 5 grades of anti crosswind restraint ability in ground, the cutting V type rope can realize letting fly safely.
The invention focuses on the defects of the prior technical scheme, adopts the comprehensive flight layout such as a combined pneumatic layout, a distributed self-torsion-resistant power layout, a multi-channel high-efficiency control layout and the like, the anti-icing function of the surface of a main bag body and a distributed constraint force-bearing pull tab design, and is matched with an auxiliary support mechanism of a hull to realize stable, safe and reliable force bearing of a platform under the capabilities of 5-level ground wind speed, 80% lift-off humidity, 20m/s long-term wind resistance and 30m/s short-term wind-resistant flight envelope, can basically cover the environment envelopes of a stratosphere with medium and low latitude of 19km to 21km, a ground flying field and the like, has the duty ratio of tasks of more than 90% all the year around, and basically realizes the aim of an application mode of 'play-while-using'.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective three-dimensional structural diagram of a comprehensive flight layout of a high-attendance stratospheric airship according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a comprehensive flight layout bottom surface constraint state of a stratospheric airship with a high attendance rate according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged structural diagram of a local structure of a vector steering device in a comprehensive flight layout of a stratospheric airship with a high attendance rate;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an empennage structure in a comprehensive flight layout of the stratospheric airship with high attendance rate.
In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
1. the main bag body, 2, the air bag, 3, the power propulsion device, 31, the first propeller, 32, the second propeller, 4, the vector steering device, 5, the tail wing, 6, the hull auxiliary supporting mechanism, 61, the annular framework, 62, the longitudinal framework, 63, the tension rope, 7, the tab, 8, the v-shaped rope.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in figure 1, the comprehensive flight layout of the stratospheric airship with high attendance rate comprises a main capsule body 1, a plurality of air bags 2, a power propulsion device 3, a vector steering device 4 and four tail wings 5,
the main capsule body 1 is in a double-ellipse bus rotation body configuration;
a plurality of air bags 2 are all arranged inside the main bag body 1;
the power propulsion device 3 is fixed on the outer periphery of the main bag body 1;
the vector steering device 4 is fixed at the front end of the main capsule body 1 corresponding to the flight direction of the main capsule body;
the four tail wings 5 are arranged in an X shape and fixed at the rear end of the main bag body 1 corresponding to the flight direction of the main bag body.
In some embodiments, the submarine body auxiliary supporting mechanism 6 is further included, the submarine body auxiliary supporting mechanism 6 includes a circumferential skeleton 61, a longitudinal skeleton 62 and a tension cable 63, the circumferential skeleton 61 is fixed on the inner surface of the main bladder 1 along the circumferential direction of the main bladder 1; the longitudinal skeleton 62 is fixed on the inner surface of the main bag body 1 along the longitudinal direction of the main bag body 1; the tension rope 63 comprises a plurality of ropes, one ends of the ropes are uniformly distributed in the circle center of the annular framework 61 and are mutually locked and fixed, and the other ends of the ropes are fixed on the inner side of the annular framework 61 at intervals.
In some embodiments, the circumferential skeleton 61 and the tension ropes 63 are 2-8 arranged in parallel and distributed along the longitudinal direction of the main bag body 1; longitudinal skeleton 62 is 3 ~ 6 and distributes along the hoop of main utricule 1.
In some embodiments, the ratio of the front long half axis to the rear long half axis of the main bag body 1 is 0.5-0.8, the overall length is 100-130 m, and the maximum section diameter is 30-40 m.
In some embodiments, the power propulsion device 3 comprises a main power propulsion device 31 and an auxiliary power propulsion device 32, the main power propulsion device 31 comprises two propellers one, both of which are fixed on the upper front part of the horizontal center-of-gravity section of the main capsule 1 and are symmetrically arranged along the longitudinal direction of the main capsule 1; the auxiliary propulsion device 32 comprises two propellers which are fixed at the lower rear part of the horizontal center-of-gravity section of the main capsule body 1 and are symmetrically arranged along the longitudinal direction of the main capsule body 1.
Specifically, the power propulsion device 3 adopts a motor to reduce drive or directly drive a propeller to provide a thrust output form, and the propeller is in a fixed pitch or variable pitch; the main power propulsion power is 10 kW-15 kW and matched with 6 m-7 m paddles, the auxiliary power propulsion power is 2 kW-5 kW and matched with 2 m-4 m paddles, and the distance between the main power propulsion power and the gravity center horizontal section of the main bag body 1 is in inverse proportion to the output thrust thereof;
in some embodiments, the vector steering device 4 is installed on the prow, and can balance the transverse speed generated by the lateral force and the transverse speed generated by the yawing moment of the vector steering device in the same direction, so that the steering efficiency of yawing control is improved, three-channel independent control output in the forward direction, the lateral direction and the yawing direction is formed, the pneumatic stable layout design is matched, and the requirements of airship area residence, fixed-point sky residence and airline cruise mission flight modes are met.
Specifically, the vector steering device 4 adopts a 2 kW-5 kW motor to reduce the drive and match a 2 m-4 m propeller, realizes +/-60-degree course deflection through gear reversing, and realizes course efficient operation by utilizing a long force arm from a yacht head to the gravity center.
In some embodiments, the volume of the plurality of air cells 2 may be 85% to 95% of the volume of the main body 1.
In some embodiments, the four tail wings 5 have a leading edge sweepback angle α 10-30 °, a trailing edge sweepback angle β 0-40 °, an aspect ratio of 1-2, and an aerodynamic area of 2-4% of the volume of the main bag body 1.
In some embodiments, the heating bag further comprises a heating belt, an anti-icing coating or an anti-icing additive, wherein the heating belt is sewn on the outer surface of the main bag body 1; an anti-icing coating or anti-icing additive is sprayed on the outer surface of the main bag body 1.
In some specific embodiments, the device further comprises a pull tab 7 and a V-shaped rope 8, wherein the pull tab 7 is integrally connected to the outer periphery of the main capsule body 1 and has a U-shaped structure; both ends of the rope are fixed on the ground and the pull tab 7 is penetrated by the ends.
In some embodiments, there are a plurality of both the tab 7 and the V-shaped cord 8.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A comprehensive flight layout of a stratospheric airship with high attendance rate is characterized in that a main bag body (1), a plurality of air bags (2), a power propulsion device (3), a vector steering device (4) and four tail wings (5),
the main capsule body (1) is in a double-ellipse bus rotation body configuration;
the air bags (2) are all arranged inside the main bag body (1);
the power propulsion device (3) is fixed on the outer peripheral side of the main bag body (1);
the vector steering device (4) is fixed at the front end of the main capsule body (1) corresponding to the flight direction of the main capsule body;
the four tail wings (5) are arranged and fixed at the rear end of the main bag body (1) corresponding to the flight direction in an X shape.
2. The high-attendance stratospheric airship comprehensive flight layout according to claim 1, further comprising a hull auxiliary support mechanism (6), wherein the hull auxiliary support mechanism (6) comprises a circumferential skeleton (61), a longitudinal skeleton (62) and a tension cable rope (63), and the circumferential skeleton (61) is fixed on the inner surface of the main bag body (1) along the circumferential direction of the main bag body (1); the longitudinal skeleton (62) is fixed on the inner surface of the main capsule body (1) along the longitudinal direction of the main capsule body (1); tension rope (63) include many ropes, and is a plurality of the one end equipartition of rope is arranged in the centre of a circle of hoop skeleton (61) and locking between each other is fixed, and the other end interval is fixed hoop skeleton (61) are inboard.
3. The high-attendance stratospheric airship comprehensive flight layout as claimed in claim 2, wherein the circumferential frameworks (61) and the tension ropes (63) are 2-8 arranged in parallel and distributed along the longitudinal direction of the main balloon (1); longitudinal skeleton (62) are 3 ~ 6 and follow the hoop of main utricule (1) distributes.
4. The arrangement of claim 1, wherein the ratio of the front long half axis to the rear long half axis of the main bladder (1) is 0.5-0.8, the overall length is 100-130 m, and the maximum cross-sectional diameter is 30-40 m.
5. A high-attendance stratospheric airship comprehensive flight layout as claimed in claim 1, wherein said power propulsion means (3) comprises a main power propulsion means (31) and an auxiliary power propulsion means (32), said main power propulsion means (31) comprising two propellers one, both fixed in the upper front part of the horizontal center of gravity cross section of said main balloon (1) and arranged longitudinally and symmetrically along said main balloon (1); the auxiliary propulsion device (32) comprises two propellers II which are fixed at the lower rear part of the horizontal gravity center section of the main bag body (1) and are longitudinally and symmetrically arranged along the main bag body (1).
6. A high-rate-of-attendance stratospheric airship integrated flight layout as claimed in claim 1, wherein the volume of a plurality of said air-bags (2) is between 85% and 95% of the volume of said main-bag (1).
7. The high-attendance stratospheric airship comprehensive flight layout as claimed in claim 1, wherein the four empennages (5) have leading edge sweep angles α 10-30 °, trailing edge sweep angles β 0-40 °, aspect ratios 1-2, and aerodynamic areas of 2-4% of the volume of the main balloon (1).
8. A high-rate-of-attendance stratospheric airship integrated flight layout as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a heating tape, an anti-icing coating or an anti-icing additive, the heating tape being sewn to the outer surface of the main bladder (1); the anti-icing coating or the anti-icing additive is sprayed on the outer surface of the main bag body (1).
9. The high-attendance stratospheric airship comprehensive flying layout according to claim 1, further comprising a pulling tab (7) and a V-shaped rope (8), wherein the pulling tab (7) is integrally connected to the outer periphery side of the main bag body (1) and has a U-shaped structure; both ends of the rope are fixed on the ground and the middle end of the rope passes through the pull tab (7).
10. A high-rate-of-attendance stratospheric airship comprehensive flight layout as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that the puller (7) and the V-shaped rope (8) are both plural.
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| CN202111581868.1A CN114030585A (en) | 2021-12-22 | 2021-12-22 | High-attendance-rate stratospheric airship comprehensive flight layout |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116339388A (en) * | 2023-05-29 | 2023-06-27 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method and system for controlling coverage of cluster area of stratospheric airship in uncertain wind field |
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| CN112552717A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-26 | 武汉理工大学 | Novel anti-icing and deicing coating for composite material wing of airplane and preparation method thereof |
| CN112407228A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-02-26 | 中国特种飞行器研究所 | Stratospheric airship capsule structure |
| CN113086154A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-07-09 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心空天技术研究所 | Aircraft of different structure combination of airship and unmanned aerial vehicle |
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| CN116339388A (en) * | 2023-05-29 | 2023-06-27 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method and system for controlling coverage of cluster area of stratospheric airship in uncertain wind field |
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