CN113173256B - Ultra-large type tensioning integral keel structure integration tool and method thereof - Google Patents
Ultra-large type tensioning integral keel structure integration tool and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113173256B CN113173256B CN202110511327.5A CN202110511327A CN113173256B CN 113173256 B CN113173256 B CN 113173256B CN 202110511327 A CN202110511327 A CN 202110511327A CN 113173256 B CN113173256 B CN 113173256B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64F—GROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B64F5/00—Designing, manufacturing, assembling, cleaning, maintaining or repairing aircraft, not otherwise provided for; Handling, transporting, testing or inspecting aircraft components, not otherwise provided for
- B64F5/10—Manufacturing or assembling aircraft, e.g. jigs therefor
Abstract
The invention discloses an ultra-large type tensioning integral keel structure integration tool and a method thereof, which relate to the technical field of aircraft structure final assembly assemblies and are characterized by comprising a plurality of supporting frames, a plurality of central core supports, a tail cone support, a nose cone support, a plurality of central core trusses, a plurality of stiffening rings and a plurality of longitudinal pull rods, wherein the supporting frames are anchored on the ground, and the central core supports, the tail cone support and the nose cone support are respectively arranged at the tops of different supporting frames. The invention adopts a modularized, sectional frame and function support integrated tool to realize dispersed multi-point support, the support has three-dimensional pose adjusting capability, the high-efficiency, economical, quick and simple assembly and integration of a large-scale tensioning integral keel structure are realized by utilizing the self-bearing support of the central core truss and the stiffening ring, and the difficult problem of high-altitude assembly of full framing scaffolds and the high cost, long period and the like caused by manufacturing, erecting, disassembling and process interference of a large number of scaffolds are avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aircraft structure final assembly assemblies, in particular to an ultra-large type tensioning integral keel structure integration tool and a method thereof.
Background
The stratospheric airship realizes long-time flight, fixed-point cruise and height maintenance by means of buoyancy, propulsion and control, so that scientific detection, communication and other applications are completed, and the stratospheric airship has wide application prospects. However, due to the low-density environment of the stratosphere and the current technologies of structural materials, energy and the like, the length of the airship demonstrated at home and abroad exceeds 100m, and then the commercial-grade load scene can be completed. Day and night temperature alternation brings buoyancy and pressure great changes to the soft capsule structure, and the challenges exist in height maintenance and capsule structure overpressure strength of the airship. Attempts have been made to overcome the difficulties in two ways: firstly, the specific strength, specific rigidity and process of the bag body material are improved, so that the pressure resistance and reliability are improved; secondly, a novel high-rigidity light structure system is provided, zero-pressure bearing can be achieved, and buoyancy and structural rigidity are separated.
The invention discloses a large-scale semi-rigid airship (application patent 201910275705.7) with a structure, which is formed by a stiffening ring and a longitudinal pull rod, and has the characteristics of integral shape preservation under zero pressure of an airbag, integral rigidity under low pressure, high bearing capacity, flexible load arrangement and high transmission efficiency.
Further, the inventor of the old military, hujiahui, zhao soldier, et al, "a compression bar contact type integral tension structure and integration and tension applying method" (application patent 201910275699.5), proposes a specific "stiffening ring" and integral keel tension method, i.e. "adopt segment assembly, symmetric extension, module splicing integration, and symmetrically graded synchronous pushing through a plurality of middle core shaft triangular truss ends to apply uniform tension to a longitudinal tension bar", which explains the concept of the overall integration method, but how to assemble and integrate in total remains a challenge, and there is no clear implementation method.
The large rigid airship structure is assembled by full framing scaffold in the early stage, the large airplane structure (the world largest airliner air passenger A380 is about 70m long and about 20m high) is supported by cabin section assembly and full framing tooling clamping fixture, and the full framing scaffold or tensioning lifting is also adopted in the field of large span structures of building engineering. Aiming at the airship light keel system with the length of more than 100 meters and the height of more than 40 meters, due to the special structural form and characteristics, the assembly integration method is difficult to follow the assembly ideas of the traditional rigid airship structure, the airplane cabin section and the like.
Therefore, technical personnel in the field are dedicated to develop an integrated tool and a method for an ultra-large type integral tensioning keel structure, and the high-efficiency, economical, rapid and simple general assembly and integration of the large type integral tensioning keel structure of the rigid-flexible airship can be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to solve the technical problem of how to realize efficient, economic, rapid and simple final assembly and integration of a large-scale tensioning integral keel structure of a rigid-flexible integral airship.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides an ultra-large type tensioning integral keel structure integration tool which is characterized by comprising a plurality of supporting frames, a plurality of central core supports, a tail cone support, a head cone support, a plurality of central core trusses, a plurality of stiffening rings and a plurality of longitudinal pull rods, wherein the supporting frames are anchored on the ground, the central core supports, the tail cone support and the head cone support are respectively installed at the tops of different supporting frames, the central core trusses are installed between the two supporting frames, the central core supports, the tail cone support and the head cone support are connected with the central core trusses, the stiffening rings are located between the two supporting frames, and the longitudinal pull rods are installed on the stiffening rings.
Further, the supporting frame comprises a plurality of supporting frame sections and supporting frame guardrails, the supporting frame is a quadrangular prism, the quadrangular prism is rectangular or square, the supporting frame sections are assembled by angle steel bolts, the supporting frame sections are connected by connecting bolts, and the supporting frame guardrails are arranged at the top of the supporting frame.
Furthermore, the central core support comprises an A-shaped bracket, a central core support fixed spherical hinge, a central core support linear guide rail, a central core support I-shaped bottom frame, an adjustable screw rod spherical hinge, a central core support U-shaped screw buckle and a U-shaped buckle bottom plate, the central core support is formed by connecting two A-shaped supports in parallel in the longitudinal direction, the support legs of the A-shaped supports are fixed spherical hinges for the central core support, the central core supporting fixed spherical hinge is connected with the central core supporting I-shaped bottom frame, the central core supporting I-shaped bottom frame is connected with the central core supporting linear guide rail through a sliding block pair, the slide block pair has a locking function, the central core supporting linear guide rail is connected to the top of the supporting frame, the adjustable screw rod spherical hinge is arranged at the top of the A-shaped support and connected with the U-shaped buckle bottom plate, and the central core support U-shaped screw buckle is connected with the central core truss.
Further, the head cone supports and includes chevron shape support, parallel beam underframe, head cone support linear guide, adjusting screw, U-shaped frame, screw rod ball pivot, head cone support U-shaped spiral shell knot, head cone support U-shaped knot seat, the head cone supports by two the chevron shape support is horizontal parallel parallelly connected to constitute, chevron shape support's stabilizer blade with the parallel beam underframe links to each other, the parallel beam underframe passes through the slider pair and connects head cone supports linear guide, head cone supports linear guide and connects the top of supporting frame, adjusting screw establishes chevron shape support's top, adjusting screw with the U-shaped frame links to each other, the U-shaped frame with head cone supports the U-shaped knot seat and links to each other, head cone support the U-shaped spiral shell knot with the well core truss links to each other.
Furthermore, the tail cone support comprises a right-angle trapezoid frame, a tail cone support fixed spherical hinge, an adjustable bolt spherical hinge, a tail cone support U-shaped screw buckle, a tail cone support U-shaped buckle seat, a tail cone support I-shaped bottom frame and a tail cone support linear guide rail, the tail cone support is formed by longitudinally connecting two right-angle trapezoidal frames in parallel, the support legs of the right-angle trapezoidal frames are the tail cone support fixed ball hinges, the tail cone supporting and fixing spherical hinge is connected with the tail cone supporting I-shaped bottom frame, the tail cone supporting I-shaped bottom frame is connected with the tail cone supporting linear guide rail through a sliding block pair, the tail cone supporting linear guide rail is connected to the top of the supporting frame, the adjustable bolt spherical hinge is arranged at the top of the right trapezoid frame, the top end of the adjustable bolt spherical hinge is connected with the tail cone support U-shaped buckle seat, and the tail cone support U-shaped screw buckle is connected with the central core truss.
Furthermore, the center of the stiffening ring is consistent with the longitudinal axis of the supporting frame, the stiffening ring is connected with the central core truss, and splayed stabilizing cables are arranged on two sides of the stiffening ring.
An integration method of an ultra-large type tension integral keel structure is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, mounting a supporting frame;
step 2, installing a center core support, a tail cone support and a nose cone support on the supporting frame;
step 3, installing a central core truss and correspondingly connecting the central core truss with the central core support, the tail cone support and the nose cone support, wherein the central core truss in the symmetrical middle part is taken as a reference central core truss;
step 4, installing a stiffening ring, wherein the center of the stiffening ring is consistent with the longitudinal axis of the supporting frame, and the stiffening ring is connected with the central core truss;
step 5, mounting four pre-positioning longitudinal pull rods, wherein the pre-positioning longitudinal pull rods are connected with the stiffening ring, and an included angle between the pre-positioning longitudinal pull rods is 90 degrees;
and 6, mounting all the longitudinal pull rods to form an airship tensioning integral keel structure, and removing the four pre-positioned longitudinal pull rods mounted in the step 5 in the mounting process of the longitudinal pull rods.
Further, the step 5 further comprises:
step 5.1, adjusting the stiffening ring to be vertical to the floor and to be vertical to the longitudinal axis of the supporting frame, and simultaneously rotating the stiffening ring until a set radial pull rod is positioned at an initial positioning direction angle;
step 5.2, installing a first pre-positioning longitudinal pull rod on the reference central core truss;
step 5.3, respectively installing the pre-positioning longitudinal pull rods towards the head cone and the tail cone one by taking the reference central core truss as a symmetrical center until the first pre-positioning longitudinal pull rod from the head cone to the tail cone is connected and communicated;
step 5.4, synchronously rotating the stiffening ring in the same direction clockwise or anticlockwise, and stopping after rotating for 90 degrees;
step 5.5, repeating the step 5.2 and the step 5.3 for installation, and connecting and penetrating the second pre-positioning longitudinal pull rod from the head cone to the tail cone;
step 5.6, repeating the step 5.4, synchronously rotating the stiffening ring in the same direction, and stopping after continuously rotating for 90 degrees;
step 5.7, repeating the step 5.2 and the step 5.3 for installation, and connecting and penetrating the third pre-positioning longitudinal pull rod from the head cone to the tail cone;
step 5.8, repeating the step 5.4, synchronously rotating the stiffening ring in the same direction, and stopping after continuously rotating for 90 degrees;
step 5.9, repeating the step 5.2 and the step 5.3 for installation, and connecting and penetrating the fourth pre-positioning longitudinal pull rod from the head cone to the tail cone;
and 5.10, detecting the state of the keel, and mainly checking the pose of the stiffening ring and the tightness of the pre-positioning longitudinal pull rod.
Further, the step 6 further includes:
6.1, after the pre-positioning longitudinal pull rod is installed, installing the longitudinal pull rod which is connected and communicated from a head cone to a tail cone on the other side of the supporting frame, and installing 2-3 longitudinal pull rods at one time;
6.2, removing the pre-positioning longitudinal pull rod at the lowest point of the opposite side surfaces of the supporting frame;
step 6.3, synchronously rotating the stiffening ring in the same direction, wherein the rotating direction of the stiffening ring is opposite to that of the pre-positioned longitudinal pull rod when the stiffening ring is installed, and the stiffening ring stops rotating to a designed angle;
6.4, repeating the step 6.1, and installing the longitudinal pull rods which are connected and communicated from the head cone to the tail cone, wherein 2 to 3 longitudinal pull rods are installed each time;
step 6.5, when the pre-positioning longitudinal tie bar on the opposite side surface of the supporting frame rotates to the lowest point, the pre-positioning longitudinal tie bar on the lowest point on the opposite side surface of the supporting frame is removed;
6.6, sequentially repeating the step 6.3, the step 6.4 and the step 6.5 until all the longitudinal pull rods are completely installed;
and 6.7, detecting the state of the keel, and mainly checking the pose of the stiffening ring and the tightness of the longitudinal pull rod.
Further, in step 6.3, the design angle is determined according to the following formula:
α＝a×360÷n
wherein alpha is the design angle, a is the number of the longitudinal pull rods installed each time, and n is the number of the groups of the longitudinal pull rods.
The invention discloses an integrated tool and an integrated method for a large-scale tensioning integral keel structure, which realize dispersed multi-point support by adopting a modularized, segmental frame and function support integrated tool, wherein the support has three-dimensional pose adjusting capability, and can realize high-efficiency, economical, rapid and simple assembly and integration of the large-scale tensioning integral keel structure by utilizing strategies of self-bearing support of a central truss and stiffening rings, synchronous and same-direction rotation of the multiple stiffening rings, assembly of a longitudinal pull rod on a ground operation surface and the like, thereby avoiding the difficult problems of full framing and high-altitude assembly and the problems of high cost, long period and the like caused by manufacturing, erection, disassembly and process interference of a large number of scaffolds.
The conception, the specific structure and the technical effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, the features and the effects of the present invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an integrated elevation view (1) of a tensioned monolithic keel of an integrated tool for an ultra-large tensioned monolithic keel structure according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a supporting frame diagram of an integrated tool for an ultra-large type tensioned integral keel structure according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a center core supporting view of an integrated tool for an ultra-large type tensioned monolithic keel structure according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a support diagram of a nose cone of an integrated tool for an ultra-large type tensioned monolithic keel structure according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a supporting view of a tail cone of an integrated tool for an ultra-large type tensioned monolithic keel structure according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is an integrated elevation view (2) of a tensioned monolithic keel of an integrated tool for an ultra-large tensioned monolithic keel structure according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 is an elevation view of a stiffening ring of an integrated tool for an ultra-large type tensioned monolithic keel structure according to a preferred embodiment of the invention (1);
fig. 8 is an elevation view (2) of a stiffening ring of an integrated tool for an ultra-large type tensioned monolithic keel structure according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
fig. 9 is an elevation view of a stiffening ring of an integrated tooling for an ultra-large type tensioned monolithic keel structure according to a preferred embodiment of the invention (3);
fig. 10 is an elevation view of a stiffening ring of an integrated tool for an ultra-large type tensioned monolithic keel structure according to a preferred embodiment of the invention (4);
fig. 11 is an elevation view of a stiffening ring of an integrated tool for an ultra-large type tensioned monolithic keel structure according to a preferred embodiment of the invention (5);
fig. 12 is an elevation view of a stiffening ring of an integrated tool for an ultra-large type tensioned monolithic keel structure according to a preferred embodiment of the invention (6);
fig. 13 is an integrated elevation view (3) of a tensioned monolithic keel of an integrated tool for an ultra-large tensioned monolithic keel structure according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
wherein, 1-supporting frame, 1-1-first supporting frame, 1-2-second supporting frame, 1-3-third supporting frame, 1-4-fourth supporting frame, 1-5-fifth supporting frame, 1-6-sixth supporting frame, 1-1-01-first supporting frame segment, 1-1-02-second supporting frame segment, 1-1-03-supporting frame segment connection, 1-1-04-supporting frame guardrail, 2-central core truss, 2-1-first central core truss, 2-2-second central core truss, 2-3-third central core truss, 3-1-first stiffening ring, 3-2-second stiffening ring, 4-1-a first longitudinal pull rod, 4-2-a second longitudinal pull rod, 4-3-a third longitudinal pull rod, 5-a central core support, 5-1-a-shaped support, 5-2-a central core support fixed spherical hinge, 5-3-a central core support linear guide rail, 5-4-a central core support I-shaped bottom frame, 5-5-an adjustable screw rod spherical hinge, 5-6-a central core support U-shaped screw buckle, 5-7-a U-shaped buckle bottom plate, 6-a head cone support, 6-1-herringbone support, 6-2-parallel beam bottom frame, 6-3-a head cone support linear guide rail, 6-4-an adjusting screw rod, 6-5-a U-shaped frame, 6-6-a screw rod spherical hinge, 6-7-a head cone support U-shaped screw buckle, 6-8-a head cone supporting U-shaped fastener seat, 7-a tail cone supporting, 7-1-a right trapezoid frame, 7-2-a tail cone supporting fixed spherical hinge, 7-3-an adjustable bolt spherical hinge, 7-4-a tail cone supporting U-shaped screw fastener, 7-5-a tail cone supporting U-shaped fastener seat, 7-6-a tail cone supporting I-shaped bottom frame and 7-7-a tail cone supporting linear guide rail.
Detailed Description
The technical contents of the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be made clear and easily understood by referring to the drawings attached to the specification. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms of embodiments and the scope of the invention is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
In the drawings, structurally identical elements are represented by like reference numerals, and structurally or functionally similar elements are represented by like reference numerals throughout the several views. The size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily illustrated, and the present invention is not limited to the size and thickness of each component. The thickness of the components may be exaggerated where appropriate in the figures to improve clarity.
As shown in fig. 2, 3, 4 and 5, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides an integrated tool for an ultra-large type tensioned monolithic keel structure, which comprises a plurality of supporting frames 1, a plurality of central core supports 5, a nose cone support 6 and a tail cone support 7.
As shown in fig. 2, the supporting frame 1 is a quadrangular prism which is rectangular or square, the supporting frame 1 is composed of a plurality of supporting frame sections, the supporting frame sections are assembled by angle steel bolts, the first supporting frame section 1-1-01 and the second supporting frame section 1-1-02 are assembled in series by connecting the supporting frame sections 1-1-03, and the top of the supporting frame 1 is provided with a supporting frame guardrail 1-1-04; the number of the supporting frames is multiplied by 2+2 (head cone and tail cone) of stiffening rings for tensioning the integral keel, and the height is equal to the radius of the stiffening rings.
As shown in figure 3, the central core support 5 is formed by longitudinally and parallelly connecting two A-shaped supports 5-1, four support legs of the two A-shaped supports 5-1 are central core support fixed spherical hinges 5-2, the central core support fixed spherical hinges 5-2 are connected with a central core support I-shaped bottom frame 5-4, the central core support I-shaped bottom frame 5-4 is connected with a central core support linear guide rail 5-3 through a sliding block pair, the sliding block pair has a locking function and is respectively connected on a beam at the top of the support frame 1, the top of the A-shaped support 5-1 is provided with an adjustable screw rod spherical hinge 5-5, the spherical hinge at the top end of the adjustable screw rod spherical hinge 5-5 is connected with a U-shaped buckle bottom plate 5-7, and the central core support U-shaped screw buckle 5-6 is connected with an upper chord tube of the central core truss 2. The A-shaped support 5-1 is welded and machined by adopting a rectangular steel pipe, the I-shaped bottom frame 5-4 is of a steel plate structure, and the central core supporting and fixing spherical hinge 5-2 is made of metal and engineering plastics.
As shown in fig. 4, the nose cone support 6 is formed by connecting two herringbone brackets 6-1 in parallel in the transverse direction, four legs of the two herringbone brackets 6-1 are connected with two parallel beam bottom frames 6-2, the two parallel beam bottom frames 6-2 are connected with a nose cone support linear guide rail 6-3 through a sliding block pair, and the two parallel beam bottom frames are respectively connected to a beam at the top of the supporting frame 1; the top of the herringbone support 6-1 is provided with an adjusting screw 6-4, the adjusting screw 6-4 is connected with a U-shaped frame 6-5, a screw ball hinge 6-6 at the upper end of the U-shaped frame 6-5 is connected with a head cone support U-shaped buckle seat 6-8, and a head cone support U-shaped buckle 6-7 is connected with an upper chord pipe of the central core truss 2. The herringbone support 6-1 and the U-shaped frame 6-5 are welded and machined by rectangular steel pipes, and the bottom frame 6-2 of the parallel beam is of a steel plate structure.
As shown in fig. 5, the tail cone support 7 is formed by longitudinally connecting two right-angle trapezoid frames 7-1 in parallel, four support legs of the two right-angle trapezoid frames 7-1 are tail cone support fixing ball hinges 7-2, the tail cone support fixing ball hinges 7-2 are connected with a tail cone support I-shaped bottom frame 7-6, the tail cone support I-shaped bottom frame 7-6 is connected with a tail cone support linear guide rail 7-7 through a slide block pair, and the tail cone support linear guide rails are respectively connected to beams at the top of the support frame 1; the top of the right trapezoid frame 7-1 is provided with an adjustable bolt spherical hinge 7-3, the spherical hinge at the top end of the adjustable bolt spherical hinge 7-3 is connected with a tail cone support U-shaped buckle seat 7-5, and a tail cone support U-shaped buckle 7-4 is connected with an upper chord tube reinforced extension tube of the central core truss 2. The right-angle trapezoid support 7-1 is welded and machined by adopting a rectangular steel pipe, and the tail cone supporting I-shaped bottom frame 7-6 is of a steel plate structure.
As shown in fig. 1, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a method for integrating a large-sized tensegrity keel, comprising the steps of:
step 1, mounting supporting frames, determining the positioning of the supporting frames according to the specific design size of the airship, the plane of a final assembly workshop and the layout of a crane, hoisting by adopting the crane, assembling the supporting frames in sequence, completing measurement and adjustment of the level, the axis, the height and the verticality, and finally anchoring the ground.
And 2, supporting and installing, namely hoisting the center support, the nose cone support and the tail cone support in sequence by adopting a crane, and connecting the center support, the nose cone support and the tail cone support with a supporting frame below the center support, thereby completing positioning measurement and adjustment.
And 3, installing the central core truss, namely hoisting the central core truss in sequence by adopting a crane, gradually installing the central core truss from the middle part to two ends, connecting the central core truss with the U-shaped screw buckles of the corresponding supports to finish positioning measurement and adjustment, connecting and locking the central core supports at two ends of the reference central core truss with the supporting frame below by taking the central core truss at the symmetrical middle part as the reference central core truss, and connecting the rest supports temporarily for locking and sliding along respective linear guide rails.
As shown in fig. 6, the tensioned integral keel is 3-span and comprises a first supporting frame 1-1, a second supporting frame 1-2, a third supporting frame 1-3, a fourth supporting frame 1-4, a fifth supporting frame 1-5, a sixth supporting frame 1-6, a first central truss 2-1, a second central truss 2-2, a third central truss 2-3, a first stiffening ring 3-1 and a second stiffening ring 3-2. The height of the support frame is H1, the cross-sectional length is a, the net crotch distance between the first and second support frames 1-2 is L1, the net crotch distance between the third and fourth support frames 1-3 and 1-4 is L2, the net crotch distance between the fifth and sixth support frames 1-5 and 1-6 is L3, the net crotch distance between the second and third support frames 1-2 and 1-3 is b, the span of the first central truss 2-1 is L1a, the span of the second central truss 2-2 is L2a, the span of the third central truss 2-3 is L3a, the hub length d of the stiffening ring, the central truss positioning elevation H1+ H2, the length of the central truss and the radius R of the stiffening ring (H1 can take this value) for the design geometry of the airship, and the operational requirements for the support height H2 and the operational requirements (H385.m 2.0.2). The second central core truss 2-2 is a reference central core truss, the tops of the second supporting frame 1-2, the third supporting frame 1-3, the fourth supporting frame 1-4 and the fifth supporting frame 1-5 are connected with a central core support, the central core supports on the third supporting frame 1-3 and the fourth supporting frame 1-4 are locked after the second central core truss 2-2 is installed in place and the posture is adjusted, and the central core supports on the second supporting frame 1-2 and the fifth supporting frame 1-5 are temporarily locked after the posture is adjusted. The front end of the first central core truss 2-1 is attached with a head cone, and the tail end of the third central core truss 2-3 is attached with a tail cone. The top end of the first supporting frame 1-1 is connected with a cone support, and the top end of the sixth supporting frame 1-6 is connected with a tail cone support. After the first central truss 2-1 is installed in place, the nose cone support at the top end of the first supporting frame 1-1 is inclined forwards, so that the first stiffening ring 3-1 is convenient to place, and the nose cone support can slide longitudinally. After the third middle core truss 2-3 is installed in place, the tail cone support at the top end of the sixth supporting frame 1-6 is inclined, the second stiffening ring 3-2 is convenient to place in place, and the tail cone support can longitudinally slide.
Step 4, installing a first stiffening ring 3-1, lifting the first stiffening ring 3-1 by a crane through a hanging belt, turning over and erecting the horizontally placed first stiffening ring 3-1, adjusting the longitudinal axis vertical to the supporting frame, longitudinally shifting to the middle of a set second supporting frame 1-2 and a set third supporting frame 1-3, transversely shifting until the center of the first stiffening ring 3-1 is consistent with the longitudinal axis of the supporting frame, adjusting the first stiffening ring 3-1 to enable a hub shaft to be connected with the end part of a second central core truss 2-2, longitudinally adjusting the opposite first central core truss 2-1 to enable the end of the first central core truss to be connected with the hub shaft of the first stiffening ring 3-1, and finally arranging eight-shaped stabilizing cables on two sides of the first stiffening ring 3-1.
Installing a second stiffening ring 3-2 according to the same method, hoisting the second stiffening ring 3-2 by a crane through a sling, turning and erecting the horizontally placed second stiffening ring 3-2, adjusting the second stiffening ring to be vertical to the longitudinal axis of the supporting frame, longitudinally shifting the second stiffening ring to be between a set fourth supporting frame 1-4 and a set fifth supporting frame 1-5, transversely shifting the second stiffening ring 3-2 to the center consistent with the longitudinal axis of the supporting frame, adjusting the second stiffening ring 3-2 to ensure that the hub shaft is firstly connected with the end part of the second central core truss 2-2, longitudinally adjusting the opposite third central core truss 2-3 to ensure that the end of the third central core truss is connected with the hub shaft of the second stiffening ring 3-2, and finally arranging splay stabilizing cables at the two sides of the second stiffening ring 3-2.
And 5, pre-positioning the longitudinal pull rod for installation. Four pre-positioning longitudinal pull rods from the head cone to the tail cone are preliminarily installed and are respectively positioned on the coordinate axis, so that the overall connection and the preliminary positioning of the whole tensioning keel are realized, and the pre-positioning longitudinal pull rods can be subdivided into the following installation steps:
step 5.1, adjusting the posture and the position of the stiffening rings, enabling each stiffening ring to be vertical to the terrace and the longitudinal axis of the supporting frame through manual adjustment, and simultaneously rotating each stiffening ring until a set radial pull rod is positioned at an initial positioning direction angle;
and 5.2, mounting a first pre-positioning longitudinal pull rod on the reference central truss, namely connecting the pre-positioning longitudinal pull rod with connecting lug plates of stiffening rings at two ends of the reference central truss by using bolts. At the moment, the positioning distance of the two stiffening rings is smaller than the unstressed length of the pre-positioning longitudinal pull rod, so that the pre-positioning longitudinal pull rod can be installed without tensioning.
And 5.3, respectively installing pre-positioning longitudinal pull rods towards the nose cone and the tail cone one by taking the reference central core truss as a symmetrical center, and connecting and communicating the pre-positioning longitudinal pull rods from the nose cone to the tail cone to the first one.
As shown in fig. 7 and 1, the first stiffening ring 3-1 and the second stiffening ring 3-2 are rotationally positioned; a first longitudinal pull rod 4-1 is arranged at the second central core truss 2-2; and connecting the second longitudinal pull rod 4-2 with a nose cone and a first stiffening ring 3-1, and connecting the third longitudinal pull rod 4-3 with a tail cone and a second stiffening ring 3-2, wherein the nose cone and the tail cone are respectively positioned on the operating platforms at the tops of the first supporting frame 1-1 and the sixth supporting frame 1-6.
And 5.4, synchronously rotating each stiffening ring in the same direction (clockwise or anticlockwise), stopping after rotating for 90 degrees, and strictly controlling the synchronism, stability, smoothness and speed in the rotating process.
And 5.5, repeating the step 5.2 and the step 5.3 for installation, and connecting and penetrating a second pre-positioned longitudinal pull rod from the head cone to the tail cone.
And 5.6, repeating the step 5.4, synchronously rotating the stiffening rings in the same direction, and stopping after continuously rotating for 90 degrees.
And 5.7, repeating the step 5.2 and the step 5.3 for installation, and connecting and penetrating a third pre-positioned longitudinal pull rod from the head cone to the tail cone.
And 5.8, repeating the step 5.4, synchronously rotating the stiffening rings in the same direction, and stopping after continuously rotating for 90 degrees.
And 5.9, repeating the step 5.2 and the step 5.3 for installation, and connecting and communicating the fourth pre-positioned longitudinal pull rod from the nose cone to the tail cone.
And 5.10, detecting the state of the keel, mainly checking the pose of the stiffening ring and the tightness of the pre-positioning longitudinal pull rod, and pre-tightening and fine-adjusting the pre-positioning longitudinal pull rod to achieve the pre-tightening force of about 10 kg.
As shown in FIG. 8, the stiffening ring has 28 sets of radial tie bars, and 7 sets of radial tie bars are used as initial positioning at intervals, and the lowest point deviates from the position of the bracket 1 to prevent interference.
And 6, mounting the second batch of longitudinal pull rods. After the pre-positioning longitudinal pull rod is installed and detected, installing a second group of longitudinal pull rods according to design until all longitudinal pull rod installation is completed, wherein the installing steps can be subdivided into the following steps:
and 6.1, based on the installation completion state of the pre-positioning longitudinal pull rod, referring to the installation of the step 5.2 and the step 5.3 of the pre-positioning longitudinal pull rod, installing the longitudinal pull rod which is connected and communicated from the head cone to the tail cone on the other side of the supporting frame, installing 2 to 3 longitudinal pull rods according to the situation, and detecting and adjusting the longitudinal pull rods in place.
And 6.2, removing the lowest point prepositioning longitudinal pull rod on the opposite side surface of the supporting frame.
As shown in fig. 9, a longitudinal tie rod is installed across the second central truss 2-2, and then the longitudinal tie rod between the nose cone and the first stiffening ring 3-1, and the longitudinal tie rod between the tail cone and the second stiffening ring 3-2 are installed; in the same way, 3 sets can be installed; and finally, disassembling the pre-positioned longitudinal pull rod on the right side of the support, disassembling the pre-positioned longitudinal pull rod between the nose cone and the first stiffening ring 3-1, disassembling the pre-positioned longitudinal pull rod between the tail cone and the second stiffening ring 3-2, and finally disassembling the pre-positioned longitudinal pull rod between the first stiffening ring 3-1 and the second stiffening ring 3-2.
And 6.3, synchronously rotating each stiffening ring in the same direction (clockwise or anticlockwise), wherein the rotation direction of each stiffening ring is opposite to that of the stiffening ring when the pre-positioned longitudinal pull rod is installed, and stopping when the stiffening ring rotates to a designed angle alpha. The synchronism, stability, smoothness and speed of the rotation process are strictly controlled. The rotation angle alpha is determined according to the radius of the stiffening ring and the number of the radial rods and considering the installation process, 2 to 3 longitudinal pull rods can be installed at one time, and the optimal rotation angle alpha is determined, so that the installation steps are reduced.
As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the rotational design angle α is 3 × 360 ÷ 28, and 3 trailing arms are attached at a time.
And 6.4, repeating the step 6.1, and installing the longitudinal pull rods which are connected and communicated from the head cone to the tail cone, wherein 2 to 3 longitudinal pull rods are installed each time.
And 6.5, when the pre-positioning longitudinal pull rod on the opposite side surface of the supporting frame rotates to the lowest point, removing the pre-positioning longitudinal pull rod on the lowest point on the opposite side surface of the supporting frame, and continuing to operate according to the step 6.3.
And 6.6, sequentially repeating the step 6.3, the step 6.4 and the step 6.5 until all the longitudinal pull rods are completely installed.
And 6.7, detecting the state of the keel, mainly checking the pose of the stiffening ring and the tightness of the longitudinal pull rod, and pre-tightening and fine-adjusting the longitudinal pull rod, wherein the pre-tightening force is about 10 kg.
As shown in fig. 12 and 13, after the steps 1 to six, 28 groups of longitudinal pull rods are installed, so that the airship tensioning integral keel structure is formed.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The integrated tool for the ultra-large tensioning integral keel structure is characterized by comprising a plurality of supporting frames, a plurality of central core supports, a tail cone support, a nose cone support, a plurality of central core trusses, a plurality of stiffening rings and a plurality of longitudinal pull rods, wherein the supporting frames are anchored on the ground, the central core supports, the tail cone support and the nose cone support are respectively installed at the tops of the different supporting frames, the central core truss is installed between the two supporting frames, the central core supports, the tail cone support and the nose cone support are connected with the central core truss, the stiffening rings are located between the two supporting frames, and the longitudinal pull rods are installed on the stiffening rings;
the central core support comprises an A-shaped bracket, a central core support fixed spherical hinge, a central core support linear guide rail, a central core support I-shaped bottom frame, an adjustable screw rod spherical hinge, a central core support U-shaped screw buckle and a U-shaped buckle bottom plate, the central core support is formed by connecting two A-shaped supports in parallel in the longitudinal direction, the support legs of the A-shaped supports are fixed spherical hinges for the central core support, the central core supporting fixed spherical hinge is connected with the central core supporting I-shaped bottom frame, the central core supporting I-shaped bottom frame is connected with the central core supporting linear guide rail through a sliding block pair, the slide block pair has a locking function, the central core supporting linear guide rail is connected to the top of the supporting frame, the adjustable screw rod spherical hinge is arranged at the top of the A-shaped support and is connected with the U-shaped buckle bottom plate, and the central core support U-shaped screw buckle is connected with the central core truss;
the head cone support comprises a herringbone support, a parallel beam bottom frame, a head cone support linear guide rail, an adjusting screw, a U-shaped frame, a screw ball hinge, a head cone support U-shaped screw fastener and a head cone support U-shaped fastener seat, the head cone support is formed by connecting two herringbone supports in parallel in the transverse direction, support legs of the herringbone support are connected with the parallel beam bottom frame, the parallel beam bottom frame is connected with the head cone support linear guide rail through a sliding block pair, the head cone support linear guide rail is connected to the top of the supporting frame, the adjusting screw is arranged at the top of the herringbone support and connected with the U-shaped frame, the U-shaped frame is connected with the head cone support U-shaped fastener seat, and the head cone support U-shaped screw fastener is connected with the central core truss;
the tail cone support comprises a right-angle trapezoid frame, a tail cone support fixing spherical hinge, an adjustable bolt spherical hinge, a tail cone support U-shaped screw buckle, a tail cone support U-shaped buckle seat, a tail cone support I-shaped bottom frame and a tail cone support linear guide rail, the tail cone support is formed by longitudinally connecting two right-angle trapezoidal frames in parallel, the support legs of the right-angle trapezoidal frames are the tail cone support fixed ball hinges, the tail cone supporting and fixing spherical hinge is connected with the tail cone supporting I-shaped bottom frame, the tail cone supporting I-shaped bottom frame is connected with the tail cone supporting linear guide rail through a sliding block pair, the tail cone supporting linear guide rail is connected to the top of the supporting frame, the adjustable bolt spherical hinge is arranged at the top of the right trapezoid frame, the top end of the adjustable bolt spherical hinge is connected with the tail cone support U-shaped buckle seat, and the tail cone support U-shaped screw buckle is connected with the central core truss.
2. The integrated tooling for the ultra-large type tensioned integral keel structure according to claim 1, wherein the supporting frame comprises a plurality of supporting frame sections and supporting frame guardrails, the supporting frame is a quadrangular prism, the quadrangular prism is rectangular or square, the supporting frame sections are assembled by angle iron bolts, the supporting frame sections are connected by connecting bolts, and the supporting frame guardrails are arranged on the top of the supporting frame.
3. The tool for integrating the ultra-large type tensioned integral keel structure according to claim 1, wherein the center of the stiffening ring is consistent with the longitudinal axis of the supporting frame, the stiffening ring is connected with the central core truss, and splayed stabilizing cables are arranged on two sides of the stiffening ring.
4. An integration method of an ultra-large type tensioned integral keel structure is used for the integration of the integration tool of the ultra-large type tensioned integral keel structure according to any one of claims 1-3, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, mounting the supporting frame;
step 2, installing the central core support, the tail cone support and the nose cone support on the supporting frame;
step 3, installing the central core truss, correspondingly connecting the central core truss with the central core support, the tail cone support and the nose cone support, and taking the central core truss in the symmetrical middle part as a reference central core truss;
step 4, installing the stiffening ring, wherein the center of the stiffening ring is consistent with the longitudinal axis of the supporting frame, and the stiffening ring is connected with the central core truss;
step 5, mounting four pre-positioning longitudinal pull rods, wherein the pre-positioning longitudinal pull rods are connected with the stiffening ring, and an included angle between the pre-positioning longitudinal pull rods is 90 degrees;
and 6, mounting all the longitudinal pull rods to form an airship tensioning integral keel structure, and removing the four pre-positioned longitudinal pull rods mounted in the step 5 in the mounting process of the longitudinal pull rods.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the step 5 further comprises:
step 5.1, adjusting the stiffening ring to be vertical to the floor and to be vertical to the longitudinal axis of the supporting frame, and simultaneously rotating the stiffening ring until a set radial pull rod is positioned at an initial positioning direction angle;
step 5.2, installing a first pre-positioning longitudinal pull rod on the reference central core truss;
step 5.3, respectively installing the pre-positioning longitudinal pull rods towards the head cone and the tail cone one by taking the reference central core truss as a symmetrical center until the first pre-positioning longitudinal pull rod from the head cone to the tail cone is connected and communicated;
step 5.4, synchronously rotating the stiffening ring in the same direction clockwise or anticlockwise, and stopping after rotating for 90 degrees;
step 5.5, repeating the step 5.2 and the step 5.3 for installation, and connecting and penetrating the second pre-positioning longitudinal pull rod from the head cone to the tail cone;
step 5.6, repeating the step 5.4, synchronously rotating the stiffening ring in the same direction, and stopping after continuously rotating for 90 degrees;
step 5.7, repeating the step 5.2 and the step 5.3 for installation, and connecting and penetrating the third pre-positioning longitudinal pull rod from the head cone to the tail cone;
step 5.8, repeating the step 5.4, synchronously rotating the stiffening ring in the same direction, and stopping after continuously rotating for 90 degrees;
step 5.9, repeating the step 5.2 and the step 5.3 for installation, and connecting and penetrating the fourth pre-positioning longitudinal pull rod from the head cone to the tail cone;
and 5.10, detecting the state of the keel, and mainly checking the pose of the stiffening ring and the tightness of the pre-positioning longitudinal pull rod.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the step 6 further comprises:
6.1, after the pre-positioning longitudinal pull rod is installed, installing the longitudinal pull rod which is connected and communicated from a head cone to a tail cone on the other side of the supporting frame, and installing 2-3 longitudinal pull rods at one time;
6.2, removing the pre-positioning longitudinal pull rod at the lowest point of the opposite side surfaces of the supporting frame;
step 6.3, synchronously rotating the stiffening ring in the same direction, wherein the rotating direction of the stiffening ring is opposite to that of the pre-positioned longitudinal pull rod when the stiffening ring is installed, and the stiffening ring stops rotating to a designed angle;
6.4, repeating the step 6.1, and installing the longitudinal pull rods which are connected and communicated from the head cone to the tail cone, wherein 2 to 3 longitudinal pull rods are installed each time;
step 6.5, when the pre-positioning longitudinal tie bar on the opposite side surface of the supporting frame rotates to the lowest point, the pre-positioning longitudinal tie bar on the lowest point on the opposite side surface of the supporting frame is removed;
6.6, sequentially repeating the step 6.3, the step 6.4 and the step 6.5 until all the longitudinal pull rods are completely installed;
and 6.7, detecting the state of the keel, and mainly checking the pose of the stiffening ring and the tightness of the longitudinal pull rod.
7. A method for integrating an ultra-large type tension integral keel structure according to claim 6, wherein in the step 6.3, the design angle is determined according to the following formula:
α＝a×360÷n
wherein alpha is the design angle, a is the number of the longitudinal pull rods installed each time, and n is the number of the groups of the longitudinal pull rods.
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| US5203428A (en) * | 1987-05-07 | 1993-04-20 | Garox Corporation | Modular scaffolding platform and truss frame components therefor |
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| CN108560753B (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2019-11-01 | 青岛理工大学 | Assembled intelligent node and installation method with particle damping shrinkage energy |
| US20190383039A1 (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-12-19 | Sien Han Charlene Chong | Height-Adjustable Jack and Vertical Modular Component Support using the same |
| CN109969373B (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2022-05-24 | 上海交通大学 | Compression bar contact type tensioning integral structure and integration and tension applying method |
| CN110239741A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-09-17 | 西安飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of aircraft components assemble integrated tooling and its application method |
| CN110395409B (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2022-11-01 | 上海交通大学 | Large single-K-node triangular truss stiffening ring and integrated tension applying method |
| CN110723270B (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2022-07-12 | 上海交通大学 | Stratospheric airship with large-scale rigid-flexible integrated structure |
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