CN103569345B - semi-open airship - Google Patents
semi-open airship Download PDFInfo
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- CN103569345B CN103569345B CN201210282298.0A CN201210282298A CN103569345B CN 103569345 B CN103569345 B CN 103569345B CN 201210282298 A CN201210282298 A CN 201210282298A CN 103569345 B CN103569345 B CN 103569345B
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- covering
- lift gas
- buoyance lift
- gas pockets
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of Semi-open airship, comprise fixing rigid backbone (1), buoyance lift gas pockets (2), collect covering (3), bundling device (6), air bag (7); The present invention adjusts available buoyancy volume by collecting collecting of covering (3) with decontroling, and avoids fixed displacement dirigible and to rise and a large amount of air in decline process is handled up, reduce the burden of gas management system, decrease the mass inertia change of whole ship; By collecting covering (3) and fixing rigid backbone (1), making dirigible have good aerodynamic configuration, ensure that the integral rigidity of dirigible structure, achieve dirigible self structure and regulate and the flight not relying on outer carrier; The distortion collecting covering (3) and buoyance lift gas pockets capsule skin (22) mainly folds and unfolds, there is not tensile deformation in theory, be conducive to the endurance requirement reduced covering and envelop materials, instead of variant airship envelope fore and aft motion of the prior art from structure.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to airship technology field, be specifically related to a kind of Semi-open airship.
Background technology
Dirigible is a kind of aerostatics relying on the quiet buoyancy lift-off of air, can handle maneuvering flight, there is good road-holding property and motor-driven transfer ability, compared with other aircraft, also there is the unique advantage that can realize slower flight, spot hover with relatively low power consumption.During long boat, dirigible is that region earth observation, communication etc. provide a kind of brand-new means, and application prospect is extensive.
Only have when buoyancy and gravitational equilibrium, when namely net buoyancy is zero, dirigible could aloft hover.Because the atmospheric density from ground to high-altitude is changed significantly, for realizing, greatly across height flight, requiring that dirigible has very strong net buoyancy regulating power.Dirigible of the prior art generally has fixing profile and discharge capacity, and the adjustment of its net buoyancy realizes mainly through changing deadweight, and its main realization rate sucks or discharges air.Flying height span is larger, and the loading and unloading capacity of air is larger.For Helium Airship, if ceiling altitude is 4km, then in ship, the volume change of air will account for about 40% of whole hull volume; If ceiling altitude is 20km, this variable quantity even will up to 90%.So huge throughput of air, causes huge pressure by gas management system, brings a series of additional adverse effect such as energy resource consumption, suction calorific effect simultaneously.
In addition, the buoyance lift gaseous mass entrained by dirigible of the prior art is generally fixing, and buoyance lift gas pockets increases along with the rising of height.The cumulative volume of dirigible has the buoyance lift gas volume under design maximum flying height to determine.By the dirigible of this design, when it runs on low latitude, the buoyance lift air bag volume in ship comparatively high-altitude time significantly shrink, its volume reduced is filled up, to keep whole ship profile constant by sending into air in ship.This means that dirigible has to carry in a large number without the air of practical use, its considerable mass inertia both affected maneuvering performance, expended again the propelling energy.
Meanwhile, along with the reduction of flying height, density of air increases, and the longitudinal aerodynamic drag under same air-flow velocity, constant area of thrust surface condition suffered by dirigible and horizontal aerodynamic force all comparatively significantly increase in high-altitude.This will cause huge pressure undoubtedly for limited propelling and vector control system configuration, bring challenges to the road-holding property of dirigible.Particularly at near-earth height, the horizontal lateral thrust that burst flow-disturbing brings will cause dirigible and trees, building etc. to be clashed into, and be the key factor threatening dirigible safety.
For the amount of air carried in the throughput of air in minimizing lifting process and ship, in prior art, propose variant dirigible scheme.Chinese patent CN101229848A discloses a kind of air expanded formula airship with inflatable skeleton, and its weak point is that dirigible lacks necessary aerodynamic configuration at low latitude height, and autonomous flight ability is restricted, and needs the auxiliary delivery means such as balloon.Chinese patent CN101157384A discloses one and controls hull elongation contraction mechanically, thus change the variant dirigible of air bag volume, the change of its discharge capacity is utilized to regulate buoyancy, avoid the use of balloonet, its weak point is that tensile deformation is repeatedly born in inevitable requirement part skin areas in order to make utricule moment in deformation process tighten, and additionally also will bear structural load, also to keep air-tightness simultaneously, very high requirement is proposed to skin material.Chinese patent CN100577511C discloses a kind of realization distortion of taking down the exhibits utilizing rigid backbone, and its weak point uses rigid movable parts in a large number, and structural mechanism is complicated, and guaranteed reliability's difficulty is high, and dirigible volume is larger, and it is larger that it realizes technical risk.In addition, this dirigible is under the state of tightening up, although reduce longitudinal area, its horizontal side direction wind area is still very large, is unfavorable for improving flight control stability.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the defect overcoming prior art, provide one to have fixing load bearing frame, and displacement volume can active accommodation, again without the need to novel airship that skin material stretches repeatedly.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is, a kind of Semi-open airship, comprises fixing rigid backbone, buoyance lift gas pockets, collects covering, bundling device, air bag; Wherein, fixing rigid backbone is caged lattice, and its envelope forms the hull profile of dirigible at design and operation height; Two air bags lay respectively in the fixing rigid backbone of airship head and afterbody; Buoyance lift gas pockets is arranged in the middle part of airship fixes in rigid backbone, is installed on the top of fixing rigid backbone, and the inner top surface of buoyance lift gas pockets end face and fixing rigid backbone is fixing fits; Collect covering and be arranged in fixing rigid backbone inside, and the latter half of envelope buoyance lift gas pockets, collect covering both sides to be fixed in fixing rigid backbone and with the fixed roof surface side edge of buoyance lift gas pockets, the complete envelope of buoyance lift gas pockets axis plane the latter half is collecting in covering; Bundling device comprises motor, transmission device, coiler synchronizing shaft, coiler winding wheel, rolling drag-line, contact drag-line, rigid supporting rod, strut padlock, two coiler synchronizing shafts are symmetrical parallel is mounted on outside in the middle part of fixing rigid backbone, coiler synchronizing shaft is mounted with some groups of motors, by transmission device transmission between motor and coiler synchronizing shaft, coiler synchronizing shaft is evenly provided with some coiler winding wheels, between two coiler winding wheels, is evenly provided with some groups of rigid supporting rod; When fixing rigid backbone is launched cmpletely corresponding to buoyance lift gas pockets, the position at rigid supporting rod place is fixed assembling one group of strut padlock, connect the collar by drag-line between adjacent rigid supporting rod and be connected with contact drag-line; Coiler synchronizing shaft connects outermost rigid supporting rod by rolling drag-line, rolling drag-line, contact drag-line, rigid supporting rod form catenary net together, be connected and fixed with the rigid supporting rod collecting table and bundling device in covering bottom buoyance lift gas pockets, catenary net is that band shape is evenly arranged in and collects on covering, extend along the vertical direction of dirigible, be wound around by bundling device or discharge rolling drag-line, driving catenary net and collect covering generation mobile; During the incomplete expansion of buoyance lift gas pockets, collect between covering and buoyance lift gas pockets and form some energy chambers.
Beyond the end face of described fixing rigid backbone, buoyance lift gas pockets, be fixedly equipped with fixing covering.
Two air bag bottoms of described dirigible head and afterbody are provided with air bag and collect covering, and air bag collects the rigid supporting rod end of covering termination catenary net in the middle part of airship.
Described buoyance lift gas pockets and fixing rigid backbone are fixed by air bag connecting element.
Bottom described buoyance lift gas pockets with collect covering inside face and fix boots sheet by covering and be connected with the rigid supporting rod of bundling device.
Described contact drag-line connects the collar by the drag-line be arranged in rigid supporting rod and is connected with in rigid supporting rod.
The present invention's beneficial effect is compared with prior art: the Semi-open airship that (1) is proposed by the invention, available buoyancy volume is adjusted with decontroling by collecting collecting of covering, avoid a large amount of air of fixed displacement dirigible of the prior art in rising and decline process to handle up, reduce the burden of gas management system, decrease the mass inertia change of whole ship; Especially when dirigible is in lower height, decreasing because carrying large quantity of air, the huge impact on maneuvering performance of mass inertia, also contributing to reducing energy consumption; (2) due to skeleton bottom dirigible and the space opening completely that collects between covering, reduce effective wind area of longitudinal and horizontal side direction, contribute to reducing airship flight resistance and horizontal lateral aerodynamics, improve maneuvering performance and the safety of dirigible maneuvering performance, particularly low latitude operation phase; (3) Semi-open airship proposed by the invention, by collecting covering and fixing rigid backbone, the whole traffic coveraves of dirigible from ground to high-altitude are made all to have good aerodynamic configuration, solve In-Flight Deployment formula variant dirigible of the prior art, necessary aerodynamic configuration is lacked at low latitude height, autonomous flight ability is restricted, and needs the problems such as auxiliary delivery means such as balloon, achieves dirigible self structure and regulates and the flight not relying on outer carrier; (4) dirigible of the present invention's proposition, the distortion collecting covering and buoyance lift gas pockets cyst membrane mainly folds and unfolds, there is not tensile deformation in theory, decrease the tensile deformation repeatedly of buoyance lift gas pockets, be conducive to the endurance requirement reduced covering and envelop materials, instead of variant airship envelope fore and aft motion of the prior art from structure; Meanwhile, adopt fixing rigid backbone, ensure that the integral rigidity of dirigible structure, do not need rigid movable parts to carry out the fore and aft motion of the whole ship of Mechanical course, decrease rigid movable parts.From dirigible general aspect, decrease the fatigue damage of buoyance lift gas pockets, improve air-tightness; Decrease structural mechanism complexity, improve system reliability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the lateral plan of a kind of Semi-open airship under airbag deployment state.
Fig. 2 is the lateral plan of a kind of Semi-open airship under air bag collects state.
Fig. 3 is a kind of upward view of Semi-open airship.
Fig. 4 is the section-drawing in a kind of Semi-open airship A-A face, B-B face under airbag deployment state.
Fig. 5 is the section-drawing in a kind of Semi-open airship C-C face under airbag deployment state.
Fig. 6 is the section-drawing in a kind of Semi-open airship C-C face under airbag deployment state under supercool state at night.
Fig. 7 is a kind of Semi-open airship D-D face section-drawing under air bag collects state.
Fig. 8 is rigid supporting rod and contact drag-line connecting portion partial schematic diagram.
In figure, 1-fixes rigid backbone, 2-buoyance lift gas pockets, and 3-collects covering, 4-fixes covering, 5-energy chamber, 6-bundling device, 7-air bag, the semi-open space of 8-, 21-air bag connecting element, 22-buoyance lift gas pockets capsule skin, 31-covering fixes boots sheet, 61-motor, 62-transmission device, 63-coiler synchronizing shaft, 64-coiler winding wheel, 65-rolling drag-line, 66-gets in touch with drag-line, 67-rigid supporting rod, 68-strut padlock, 69-drag-line connects the collar, and 71-air bag collects covering.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described further.
A kind of Semi-open airship, its structure, as shown in Fig. 1 ~ 7, comprises fixing rigid backbone 1, buoyance lift gas pockets 2, collects covering 3, bundling device 6, air bag 7, wherein, fixing rigid backbone 1 is caged lattice, and its envelope forms the hull profile of dirigible at design and operation height, two air bags 7 lay respectively in the fixing rigid backbone 1 of airship head and afterbody, two air bag 7 bottoms are provided with air bag and collect covering 71, air bag collects rigid supporting rod 67 end of covering 71 termination catenary net in the middle part of airship, by exchanging with the air quality in the external world, the buoyancy that the volume change of balance buoyance lift gas pockets produces changes, regulate dirigible dead weight, make dirigible height keep stable, buoyance lift gas pockets 2 is arranged in the middle part of airship fixes in rigid backbone 1, fixed at top and fixing rigid backbone 1 node by rope, the inner top surface of buoyance lift gas pockets 2 end face and fixing rigid backbone 1 is fixing fits, and is fixed, the top surface shape of buoyance lift gas pockets 2 is fixed by air bag connecting element 21, fix beyond the end face of rigid backbone 1, buoyance lift gas pockets 2, be fixedly equipped with fixing covering 4, play valve action, collect covering 3 and be arranged in fixing rigid backbone 1 inside, and the latter half of envelope buoyance lift gas pockets 2, collect covering 3 both sides to be fixed in fixing rigid backbone 1 and with the fixed roof surface side edge of buoyance lift gas pockets 2, the complete envelope of buoyance lift gas pockets 2 axis plane the latter half is collecting in covering 3, and buoyance lift gas pockets 2 can at the internal activity of fixing rigid backbone 1, bundling device 6 comprises motor 61, transmission device 62, coiler synchronizing shaft 63, coiler winding wheel 64, rolling drag-line 65, contact drag-line 66, rigid supporting rod 67, strut padlock 68, two coiler synchronizing shafts 63 are symmetrical parallel is mounted on outside in the middle part of fixing rigid backbone 1, coiler synchronizing shaft 63 is mounted with some groups of motors 61, by transmission device 62 transmission between motor 61 and coiler synchronizing shaft 63, coiler synchronizing shaft 63 is evenly provided with some coiler winding wheels 64, some groups of rigid supporting rod 67 are evenly provided with between two coiler winding wheels 64, when fixing rigid backbone 1 is launched cmpletely corresponding to buoyance lift gas pockets 2, the position at rigid supporting rod 67 place is fixed assembling one group of strut padlock 68, connect the collar 69 by drag-line between adjacent rigid supporting rod 67 and be connected with contact drag-line 66, coiler synchronizing shaft 63 connects outermost rigid supporting rod 67 by rolling drag-line 65, rolling drag-line 65, contact drag-line 66, rigid supporting rod 67 form catenary net together, bottom buoyance lift gas pockets 2 with collect covering 3 inside face and fix boots sheet 31 by covering and be connected with the rigid supporting rod 67 of bundling device 6, catenary net is that band shape is evenly arranged in and collects on covering 3, extend along the vertical direction of dirigible, be wound around by bundling device 6 or discharge rolling drag-line 65, driving catenary net and collect covering 3 generation mobile, contact drag-line 66 connects the collar 69 by the drag-line be arranged in rigid supporting rod 67 and is connected with in rigid supporting rod 67, according to buoyance lift gas pockets 2 contraction or expansion, and synchronous adjustment catenary net contraction or expansion, during 2 incomplete expansion of buoyance lift gas pockets, collect between covering 3 and buoyance lift gas pockets 2 and form some energy chambers 5.
When dirigible runs at design height, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 4, Figure 5, now buoyance lift gas pockets 2 is fully launched, occupy the enveloping space of whole fixing rigid backbone 1, now collect covering 3 to be propped up by buoyance lift gas pockets 2, be adjacent to fixing rigid backbone 1 lower inner face, simultaneously rigid supporting rod 67 be fixedly assemblied in one group of strut padlock 68 spacecrafts rendezvous in fixing rigid backbone 1 and be locked by strut padlock 68, now catenary net is subject to the constraint of fixing rigid backbone 1, and collect covering 3 and will be subject to the constraint of catenary net, form predetermined aerodynamic configuration.
When the volume of buoyance lift gas pockets 1 is along with height and temperature traverse generation contraction or expansion, the locus of covering 3 in fixing rigid backbone 1 inside is collected by bundling device 6 active adjustment, and the space collected between covering and skeleton is externally fully unlimited, inner air and outer air can free flow; When the incomplete expansion of buoyance lift gas pockets, extraneous air can enter and collect between covering 3 and buoyance lift gas pockets 2, forms some energy chambers 5; The helium loading of buoyance lift gas pockets 1 is determined according to gas mean temperature preferred value To in dirigible, now buoyance lift gas pockets 1 volume is just in time fitted with the enveloping space in fixing rigid backbone 1, Tc<To<Th, Th is the peak of gas mean temperature in dirigible, and Tc is the minimum of gas mean temperature in dirigible.
When dirigible runs at low clearance, as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 7, the buoyance lift gas volume now in buoyance lift gas pockets 2 shrinks along with atmospheric raising, and be gathered in the top of buoyance lift gas pockets 2, buoyance lift gas pockets 2 can not fully be launched, and enters the not enough state of tension force.Because the top surface shape of buoyance lift gas pockets 2 is fixed on the inner top surface of fixing rigid backbone 1, therefore the bottom surface of buoyance lift gas pockets 2 is lifted under pressure, and lax wrinkle occur.Now utilize motor 61 to roll tightly rolling drag-line 65, lifted by dynamic the collecting on covering 3 of catenary guipure, the bottom surface of buoyance lift gas pockets 2 is collected.Collect middle part tensioning under the effect of rolling drag-line 65, contact drag-line 66 of covering 3, and the both sides collecting covering 3 are also packed, thus make to collect the surface that covering 3 forms comparatively fairing, reduce friction drag.Now fix bottom rigid backbone 1 and collect between covering 3 and form semi-open space 8, the air in semi-open space 8 is without the need to carrying with ship.Although the bottom of exposed fixing rigid backbone 1 can produce certain interference aerodynamics, but because fixing rigid backbone 1 bare area and dirigible reference area are in a ratio of in a small amount, and dirigible is low-speed operations device, therefore the resistance of dirigible will be reduced in general, and maneuvering performance is improved.
When superthermal dirigible internal gas pressure increases or supercool dirigible internal gas pressure lowers, the hoop that lower covering forms small curvature radius bends, and this hoop radius of curvature, much smaller than the radius of dirigible, contributes to the tension force that reduction covering bears, improves safety of structure.
Above to embodiments of the invention to being explained in detail, above-mentioned embodiment is only optimum embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to above-described embodiment, in the ken that those of ordinary skill in the art possess, various change can also be made under the prerequisite not departing from present inventive concept.
Claims (6)
1. a Semi-open airship, is characterized in that comprising fixing rigid backbone (1), buoyance lift gas pockets (2), collects covering (3), bundling device (6), air bag (7), wherein, fixing rigid backbone (1) is caged lattice, and its envelope forms the hull profile of dirigible at design and operation height, two air bags (7) lay respectively in the fixing rigid backbone (1) of airship head and afterbody, buoyance lift gas pockets (2) is arranged in the middle part of airship fixes in rigid backbone (1), be installed on the top of fixing rigid backbone (1), the inner top surface of buoyance lift gas pockets (2) end face and fixing rigid backbone (1) is fixing fits, collect covering (3) and be arranged in fixing rigid backbone (1) inside, and the latter half of envelope buoyance lift gas pockets (2), collect covering (3) both sides be fixed on fixing rigid backbone (1) upper and with the fixed roof surface side edge of buoyance lift gas pockets (2), the complete envelope of buoyance lift gas pockets (2) axis plane the latter half is collecting in covering (3), bundling device (6) comprises motor (61), transmission device (62), coiler synchronizing shaft (63), coiler winding wheel (64), rolling drag-line (65), contact drag-line (66), rigid supporting rod (67), strut padlock (68), two coiler synchronizing shafts (63) are symmetrical parallel is mounted on outside, fixing rigid backbone (1) middle part, coiler synchronizing shaft (63) is mounted with some groups of motors (61), by transmission device (62) transmission between motor (61) and coiler synchronizing shaft (63), coiler synchronizing shaft (63) is evenly provided with some coiler winding wheels (64), some groups of rigid supporting rod (67) are evenly provided with between coiler winding wheel (64), when fixing rigid backbone (1) is above launched cmpletely corresponding to buoyance lift gas pockets (2), the position at rigid supporting rod (67) place is fixed assembling one group of strut padlock (68), connect the collar (69) by drag-line between adjacent rigid supporting rod (67) and be connected with contact drag-line (66), coiler synchronizing shaft (63) connects outermost rigid supporting rod (67) by rolling drag-line (65), rolling drag-line (65), contact drag-line (66), rigid supporting rod (67) forms catenary net together, buoyance lift gas pockets (2) bottom is connected and fixed with the rigid supporting rod (67) collecting covering (3) Nei Biao and bundling device (6), catenary net is that band shape is evenly arranged in and collects on covering (3), extend along the vertical direction of dirigible, be wound around or release rolling drag-line (65) by bundling device (6), driving catenary net and collecting covering (3) produces mobile, during buoyance lift gas pockets (2) incomplete expansion, collect between covering (3) and buoyance lift gas pockets (2) and form some energy chambers (5).
2. a kind of Semi-open airship as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, beyond the end face of fixing rigid backbone (1), buoyance lift gas pockets (2), being fixedly equipped with fixing covering (4).
3. a kind of Semi-open airship as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that two air bag (7) bottoms of dirigible head and afterbody are provided with air bag and collect covering (71), air bag collects rigid supporting rod (67) end of covering (71) termination catenary net in the middle part of airship.
4. a kind of Semi-open airship as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that buoyance lift gas pockets (2) is fixed by air bag connecting element (21) with fixing rigid backbone (1).
5. a kind of Semi-open airship as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that buoyance lift gas pockets (2) bottom and collects covering (3) inside face and fix boots sheet (31) by covering and be connected with the rigid supporting rod (67) of bundling device (6).
6. a kind of Semi-open airship as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that getting in touch with drag-line (66) is connected with in rigid supporting rod (67) by the drag-line connection collar (69) be arranged in rigid supporting rod (67).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210282298.0A CN103569345B (en) | 2012-08-09 | 2012-08-09 | semi-open airship |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210282298.0A CN103569345B (en) | 2012-08-09 | 2012-08-09 | semi-open airship |
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| CN103569345A CN103569345A (en) | 2014-02-12 |
| CN103569345B true CN103569345B (en) | 2015-11-25 |
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| CN201210282298.0A Expired - Fee Related CN103569345B (en) | 2012-08-09 | 2012-08-09 | semi-open airship |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104590539B (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2016-06-08 | 中国特种飞行器研究所 | Formula airship envelope superpressure and deformation controller in hole is opened for umbrella |
| CN105644761A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-06-08 | 付功义 | Rigid structure system of large airship |
| CN109515679B (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2022-06-28 | 中国特种飞行器研究所 | Internal suspension cable structure of aerostat capable of externally adjusting tension |
| CN111824383B (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2021-12-21 | 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 | Synchronous release mechanism and high-altitude balloon restraint device |
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