CN108725734A - Cooperative control method for buoyancy and pressure of stratospheric airship - Google Patents
Cooperative control method for buoyancy and pressure of stratospheric airship Download PDFInfo
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- CN108725734A CN108725734A CN201810512426.3A CN201810512426A CN108725734A CN 108725734 A CN108725734 A CN 108725734A CN 201810512426 A CN201810512426 A CN 201810512426A CN 108725734 A CN108725734 A CN 108725734A
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- pressure
- stratospheric airship
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- air bag
- buoyancy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64B—LIGHTER-THAN AIR AIRCRAFT
- B64B1/00—Lighter-than-air aircraft
- B64B1/06—Rigid airships; Semi-rigid airships
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64B—LIGHTER-THAN AIR AIRCRAFT
- B64B1/00—Lighter-than-air aircraft
- B64B1/58—Arrangements or construction of gas-bags; Filling arrangements
Abstract
The invention provides a cooperative control method for buoyancy and pressure of an airship on a stratosphere, belongs to the technical field of flight control of aircrafts, and sets an upper limit value P of the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the airship body on the stratosphereuAnd a lower limit value PlMeasuring the air pressure inside and outside the airship body of the stratosphere airship to be P and P', respectively, and calculating the magnitude P of the pressure difference inside and outside the airship bodyeComparing the difference P between the inside and the outside of the airship body of the stratosphere with P-PeAnd an upper limit value PuLower limit value PlThe buoyancy and the pressure are adjusted by the aid of the buoyancy lifting air bags, the air bags and the adjusting air bags in a coordinated mode according to the size relation, thermodynamic parameters of working media are adjusted through the thermodynamic circulating device, and accordingly the size and the pressure of the thermal adjusting air bags are changed, and the pressure and the buoyancy of the stratospheric airship are adjusted.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aircraft flight control technology fields, and in particular to a kind of stratospheric airship buoyancy is cooperateed with pressure
Control method.
Background technology
Stratospheric airship refers to providing uplift by buoyance lift gas, and long-term work is in 18-20km altitude ranges and executes
The floating class aircraft of particular task.Stratospheric airship has the characteristics that persistently resident, low energy consumption, reusable, wherein long
It is its distinctive operating mode and application advantage that term area is resident.Near space aerostatics can be developed by carrying payload
It is pre- to can be widely applied to reconnaissance and surveillance, region for novel electronic information that " sky ", " near space " and " day " is combined equipment
Police, electronic countermeasure, navigator fix, injures the military fields such as assessment at communication relay, can effectively make up current aerospace and space flight dress
Standby deficiency is of great significance to structure aviation integral national security system.
In view of the significant application advantage of stratospheric airship and huge application potential, each aerospace big country tries to be the first to formulate and put down
The fluid layer dirigible project plan, actively develops feasibility study, tackling problems in key technologies and flight test.But it is completed at present
Flight test is key technology or demonstration and verification experiment, and empty, stable fortune can be stayed for a long time by not yet being succeeded in developing in world wide
Capable stratospheric airship.Wherein, most representative stratospheric airship project be " high-altitude sentry " dirigible (HiSentinel) and
High altitude airship (High Altitude Airship, HAA).In June, 2008, the HiSentinel-50 examinations of " high-altitude sentry " dirigible
Testing ship and being risen in flight test after 20km height causes utricule to rupture since the intracapsular external differential of ship is more than threshold value.2010 11
Month, the HiSentinel-80 testcrafts of " high-altitude sentry " dirigible have carried out maiden flight experiment, in 20km height of short duration stagnant empty 8
Hour, but because flight control failure is in state of freely wafting, because helium valve fault leads to not smoothly drop during decline
It falls.The testcraft HALE-D (High Altitude Long Endurance-Demonstrator) in July, 2011, HAA is carried out
Maiden flight experiment, when rising to 9.75km height because net buoyancy deficiency leads to test failure.Above-mentioned case shows:Stratosphere
Dirigible lets lift-off fly away, fixed point is resident and landing return course, and there are complicated coupling associations, flight control to deposit between buoyancy and pressure
In many key technology difficulties.
Compared to conventional aircrafts such as aircraft, guided missile and satellites, the flight control problem of stratospheric airship faces following difficulty
Topic：1) stratospheric airship is referred to as " hot aircraft ", and the environment fuel factor such as infra-red radiation, solar irradiation leads to the heat of intracapsular gas
Mechanical state substantially perturbs, and buoyancy, pressure is caused constantly to change；2) exist between the buoyancy and pressure of stratospheric airship complicated dynamic
State coupled relation.Therefore, the buoyancy of stratospheric airship and pressure control are the crucial problems of its flight control.
Existing stratospheric airship buoyancy adjusts generally use following two categories technical solution with pressure：First, single utricule side
Case, such as " high-altitude sentry " dirigible；Second is that major-minor air bag scheme, such as high altitude airship." high-altitude sentry " dirigible only there are one helium capsule,
For single utricule scheme.The free wxpansion of helium capsule or compression in lifting process do not occur mass exchange with the external world, lead in special circumstances
It crosses release helium or throws ballast and realize that small size buoyancy is adjusted with pressure, do not have reversible buoyancy and pressure regulating power,
It is difficult to realize that long term area is resident and controllable lift.High altitude airship adds the major-minor air bag scheme of air bag using helium capsule, passes through
The mass exchange of wind turbine and valve control balloonet and ambient atmosphere.Although this scheme overcomes the shortcomings that single utricule, but only
There is " air mass flow rate " single regulative mode, can not effectively solve the problems, such as " super cold " and " superthermal "；And wind turbine and valve suction
Gas flow rate is limited, can not achieve efficient buoyancy and is adjusted with pressure.
Invention content
Insufficient present in existing stratospheric airship control technology field in order to overcome, the present invention proposes a kind of stratosphere
Dirigible buoyancy and pressure cooperative control method, realize effective adjusting of stratospheric airship pressure and buoyancy.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of stratospheric airship buoyancy and pressure cooperative control method fly stratosphere with Portuguese man-of-war for bionical object
Ship is designed to include being uniformly arranged on multiple buoyance lift air bags on upper layer inside hull, being uniformly arranged on the multiple of hull inside lower layer
Air bag and Portuguese man-of-war shape stratospheric airship in the thermal conditioning air bag of hull inner middle layer is set, buoyance lift inside air bag is filled out
Filled with the gas lighter than air quality, air is filled with inside air bag, thermal conditioning inside air bag, which is filled with, passes through thermodynamic cycle
The lower part of the reversible working medium of gas-liquid, air bag is equipped with the air valve for excluding air and the wind turbine for being filled with air, thermal conditioning
Bottom in air bag is equipped with the thermodynamic cycle device for pressurizeing or heating to working medium, and working medium is adjusted by thermodynamic cycle device
Gas-liquid state convert and adjust the pressure and buoyancy of stratospheric airship, specific regulating step is as follows：
S1 sets the upper limit value P of stratospheric airship hull inside and outside differential pressureuWith lower limiting value Pl；
S2 measures the air pressure in outside in stratospheric airship hull, remembers that the air pressure on the inside of stratospheric airship is P, remembers stratosphere
Air pressure on the outside of dirigible is P', and calculates the size P of hull inside and outside differential pressuree=P-P'；
S3, comparison stratospheric airship hull inside and outside differential pressure PeWith upper limit value Pu, lower limiting value PlSize；
S4, according to stratospheric airship hull inside and outside differential pressure and upper limit value, the magnitude relationship of lower limiting value, using buoyance lift air bag,
Air bag and adjusting air bag synergic adjustment buoyancy and pressure.
Preferably, the gas of buoyance lift inside air bag filling is helium.
Preferably, air valve and wind turbine are separately mounted to the position of air bag bottom symmetrical.
Preferably, in S1, the upper limit value P of stratospheric airship hull inside and outside differential pressure is setuFor 800Pa, lower limiting value Pl
For 50Pa.
Preferably, in S2, measured using multiple pressure sensors being arranged in stratospheric airship on side skin
Air pressure size on the inside of stratospheric airship is P1, P2,...,Pn, using multiple pressures being arranged in stratospheric airship outer skin
Air pressure size on the outside of force sensor measuring stratospheric airship is P1',P2',...,Pn', and multiple pressure on interior side skin is taken to pass
The average value for multigroup pressure data that sensor measures is as the air pressure on the inside of stratospheric airshipTake outside
The average value of multigroup pressure data of multiple sensor measurements is as the air pressure on the inside of stratospheric airship on covering
Preferably, in S2, multiple be arranged on the outside of stratospheric airship is arranged with multiple on the inside of stratospheric airship
Pressure sensor setting be separately positioned in corresponding interior outer skin.
Preferably, in S4, if Pe> Pu, stratospheric airship inside and outside differential pressure opens more than upper limit value under this operating mode
Dynamic thermodynamic cycle device converts working medium to liquid so that the volume and pressure of thermal conditioning air bag by pressurizeing to working medium by gaseous state
Power reduces, and air bag then sucks outside air to increase volume, to increase weight and the holding of stratospheric airship by wind turbine
The pressure balance in outside in stratospheric airship.
Preferably, in S4, if Pe< Pl, stratospheric airship inside and outside differential pressure opens less than lower limiting value under this operating mode
Dynamic thermodynamic cycle device, heating working medium convert it to gaseous state by liquid so that the volume and pressure of thermal conditioning air bag increase, heat
It adjusts air bag volume and increases and squeeze air bag, then air is discharged by valve to reduce volume, to mitigate advection in air bag
The weight of layer dirigible increases the buoyancy of stratospheric airship and keeps the pressure balance in outside in stratospheric airship.
During stratospheric airship lets lift-off fly away, ambient atmosphere pressure, temperature increase with height and are reduced, in 11-
Atmospheric temperature is basically unchanged in 20km altitude ranges, and gas is swollen since ambient atmosphere pressure reduces generation thermodynamics in buoyance lift air bag
Swollen, the amplitude that temperature declines is more than the amplitude that ambient temperature declines, and generates " super cold " phenomenon, and pressure in hull is caused to reduce,
Pressure is less than ambient pressure in hull, then starts thermodynamic cycle device, heating working medium converts it to gaseous state, thermal conditioning by liquid
Air bag volume and pressure increase, and the increase of thermal conditioning air bag volume squeezes air bag, and then air is discharged by valve to subtract in air bag
Small size, to mitigate the weight of stratospheric airship.
During stratospheric airship region is resident, the fuel factors such as solar radiation will cause gas temperature in hull to increase,
" superthermal " phenomenon is generated, pressure in hull is caused to increase, pressure is more than ambient pressure in hull, then starts thermodynamic cycle device,
Pressurization working medium converts it to liquid by gaseous state, and thermal conditioning air bag volume and pressure reduce, provided for the gas in buoyance lift air bag
Expansion space reduces the pressure in hull and keeps the pressure balance inside and outside hull.
Gas increases with ambient atmosphere pressure during stratospheric airship is lowered back to, in hull generates thermodynamics pressure
Contracting, ship body temperature are more than outer atmospheric temperature, generate " superthermal " phenomenon, then start thermodynamic cycle device, pressurization working medium by its
Liquid is converted by gaseous state, thermal conditioning air bag volume and pressure reduce, and air bag sucks outside air by wind turbine and increases volume,
To increase the air weight in hull, increase the overall weight of stratospheric airship.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention have：
1, using buoyance lift air bag, air bag and thermal conditioning air bag synergic adjustment buoyancy and pressure, compared to single utricule and master
Balloonet scheme can increase control means, improve control efficiency；
2, using the thermal conditioning air bag for being evenly distributed on hull inner middle layer, compared to single utricule and major-minor air bag scheme,
Working medium can be converted by gaseous state by liquid by thermodynamic cycle under superthermal and superpressure operating mode, pass through heating power under super cold operating mode
Cycle converts working medium to gaseous state by liquid, to adjust the buoyancy and pressure of hull on a large scale, to realize stratospheric airship
Flight control；
3, the adjusting by thermal conditioning air bag to working medium state flies stratosphere to balance external environment generation fuel factor
The influence of ship internal gas efficiently uses between the buoyancy of stratospheric airship and pressure and there is complicated Dynamic Coupling, to ensure
The stability that stratospheric airship works in resident area.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of stratospheric airship of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow diagram of stratospheric airship buoyancy and pressure cooperative control method of the present invention.
Marginal data：1：Hull, 2：Buoyance lift air bag, 3：Air bag, 31：Air valve, 32：Wind turbine, 4：Thermal conditioning air bag, 41：
Thermodynamic cycle device.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing of the present invention, technical scheme of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that institute
Description is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this field
The every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill is obtained without making creative work, belongs to protection of the present invention
Range.
Embodiment 1
As shown in attached drawing 1-2, a kind of stratospheric airship buoyancy and pressure cooperative control method pass through thermodynamic cycle device 41
It adjusts stratospheric airship pressure and buoyancy is as follows：
S101 sets the upper limit value of 1 inside and outside differential pressure of stratospheric airship hull as Pu=800Pa, lower limiting value Pl=50Pa；
S102 measures the air pressure size inside and outside stratospheric airship hull 1 by pressure sensor, and stratosphere is calculated
1 inside and outside differential pressure of dirigible hull is Pe=900Pa；
S103,1 inside and outside differential pressure of comparison stratospheric airship hull and upper limit value, the size of lower limiting value, Pe> Pu, ship is intracapsular outer
Pressure difference is more than upper limit value；
S104 starts thermodynamic cycle device according to the magnitude relationship of stratospheric airship hull 1 inside and outside differential pressure and upper limit value
41, working medium is converted to liquid by gaseous state by pressurizeing to working medium so that the volume and pressure of thermal conditioning air bag 4 reduce, air
Capsule 3 then sucks outside air to increase volume, to increase the weight of stratospheric airship and stratosphere is kept to fly by wind turbine 32
The pressure balance in outside in ship.
Embodiment 2
As shown in attached drawing 1-2, a kind of stratospheric airship buoyancy and pressure cooperative control method pass through thermodynamic cycle device 41
It adjusts stratospheric airship pressure and buoyancy is as follows：
S101 sets the upper limit value of 1 inside and outside differential pressure of stratospheric airship hull as Pu=800Pa, lower limiting value Pl=50Pa；
S102 measures the air pressure size inside and outside stratospheric airship hull 1 by pressure sensor, and stratosphere is calculated
1 inside and outside differential pressure of dirigible hull is Pe=30Pa；
S103,1 inside and outside differential pressure of comparison stratospheric airship hull and upper limit value, the size of lower limiting value, Pe< Pl, ship is intracapsular outer
Difference is more than upper limit value；
S104 starts thermodynamic cycle device according to the magnitude relationship of stratospheric airship hull 1 inside and outside differential pressure and upper limit value
41, heating working medium converts it to gaseous state by liquid so that the volume and pressure of thermal conditioning air bag 4 increase, 4 body of thermal conditioning air bag
Product increases and squeezes air bag 3, and then air is discharged by valve to reduce volume, to mitigate stratospheric airship in air bag 3
Weight increases the buoyancy of stratospheric airship and keeps the pressure balance in outside in stratospheric airship.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is not limited merely to above-mentioned implementation
Example, all technical solutions belonged under thinking of the present invention all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the art
Those of ordinary skill for, several improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, these improvements and modifications
It should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of stratospheric airship buoyancy and pressure cooperative control method, which is characterized in that, will with Portuguese man-of-war for bionical object
Stratospheric airship is designed to include being uniformly arranged on multiple buoyance lift air bags on upper layer inside hull, being uniformly arranged on subordinate in hull
Multiple air bags of layer and Portuguese man-of-war shape stratospheric airship in the thermal conditioning air bag of hull inner middle layer is set, buoyance lift gas
Intracapsular portion is filled with the gas lighter than atmospheric density, and air is filled with inside air bag, and thermal conditioning inside air bag, which is filled with, to be passed through
The reversible working medium of thermodynamic cycle gas-liquid state, the lower part of air bag are equipped with air valve for air to be discharged and for being filled with air
Wind turbine, the bottom in thermal conditioning air bag are equipped with the thermodynamic cycle device for pressurizeing and heating to working medium, pass through thermodynamic cycle
Device adjusts the gas-liquid state of working medium to adjust the pressure and buoyancy of stratospheric airship, and specific regulating step is as follows：
S1 sets the upper limit value P of stratospheric airship hull inside and outside differential pressureuWith lower limiting value Pl；
S2 measures the air pressure in outside in stratospheric airship hull, remembers that the air pressure in stratospheric airship ship is P, remembers external atmosphere pressure
For P', and calculate the size P of hull inside and outside differential pressuree=P-P'；
S3, comparison stratospheric airship hull inside and outside differential pressure PeWith upper limit value Pu, lower limiting value PlSize；
S4, according to stratospheric airship hull inside and outside differential pressure and upper limit value, the magnitude relationship of lower limiting value, using buoyance lift air bag, air
Capsule and adjusting air bag synergic adjustment buoyancy and pressure.
2. a kind of stratospheric airship buoyancy according to claim 1 and pressure cooperative control method, which is characterized in that buoyance lift
The gas of inside air bag filling is helium.
3. a kind of stratospheric airship buoyancy according to claim 2 and pressure cooperative control method, which is characterized in that air valve
The position of air bag bottom symmetrical is separately mounted to wind turbine.
4. according to a kind of stratospheric airship buoyancy of claim 1-3 any one of them and pressure cooperative control method, feature
It is, in S1, sets the upper limit value P of stratospheric airship hull inside and outside differential pressureuFor 800Pa, lower limiting value PlFor 50Pa.
5. a kind of stratospheric airship buoyancy according to claim 4 and pressure cooperative control method, which is characterized in that in S2
In, the air pressure size on the inside of stratospheric airship is measured using multiple pressure sensors being arranged in stratospheric airship on side skin
For P1, P2,...,Pn, it is big to measure external atmosphere pressure using multiple pressure sensors being arranged in stratospheric airship outer skin
Small is P1',P2',...,Pn', and take the average value conduct for multigroup pressure data that multiple pressure sensors measure on interior side skin
Air pressure on the inside of stratospheric airshipTake multigroup pressure data of multiple sensor measurements in outer skin
Average value as the air pressure on the inside of stratospheric airship
6. a kind of stratospheric airship buoyancy according to claim 5 and pressure cooperative control method, which is characterized in that in S2
In, multiple be arranged on the outside of stratospheric airship is respectively set with multiple pressure sensor settings being arranged on the inside of stratospheric airship
In corresponding interior outer skin.
7. a kind of stratospheric airship buoyancy according to claim 6 and pressure cooperative control method, which is characterized in that in S4
In, if Pe> Pu, stratospheric airship inside and outside differential pressure is more than upper limit value, starts thermodynamic cycle device and pressurizes working medium working medium by gas
State is converted into liquid so that the volume and pressure of thermal conditioning air bag reduce；
In S4, if Pe< Pl, stratospheric airship inside and outside differential pressure be less than lower limiting value, start thermodynamic cycle device, heating working medium by its
Gaseous state is converted by liquid so that the volume and pressure of thermal conditioning air bag increase.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN110466731A (en) * | 2019-08-24 | 2019-11-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of dirigible buoyant weight balance control method based on air bag and the interaction of helium capsule |
| CN110466729A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-11-19 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of buoyancy pressure mass center integration regulating system of soft stratospheric airship |
| CN110838693A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-02-25 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Dynamic adjustment method, device and system for inflatable cabinet |
| CN112507636A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-16 | 中国人民解放军63660部队 | Parameter self-adaptive multi-capsule stratospheric airship floating weight balance assessment method |
| CN112572755A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-03-30 | 中国特种飞行器研究所 | Cooperative control method for internal and external pressure difference and speed of stratospheric airship in ascending process |
| CN113086154A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-07-09 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心空天技术研究所 | Aircraft of different structure combination of airship and unmanned aerial vehicle |
| CN114348232A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-04-15 | 北京电子工程总体研究所 | Pressure adjusting method for aerostat |
| DE112020004905T5 (en) | 2019-10-10 | 2022-06-23 | New United Group Co., Ltd. | STRATOSPHERE AIRSHIP WITH LARGE RIGID-AND-FLEXIBLE INTEGRATED STRUCTURE |
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| CN110466729A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-11-19 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of buoyancy pressure mass center integration regulating system of soft stratospheric airship |
| CN110466729B (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2023-01-03 | 上海交通大学 | Buoyancy pressure and mass center integrated adjusting system of soft stratospheric airship |
| CN110466731A (en) * | 2019-08-24 | 2019-11-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of dirigible buoyant weight balance control method based on air bag and the interaction of helium capsule |
| CN110466731B (en) * | 2019-08-24 | 2023-03-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Airship floating weight balance control method based on interaction of air bag and helium bag |
| DE112020004905T5 (en) | 2019-10-10 | 2022-06-23 | New United Group Co., Ltd. | STRATOSPHERE AIRSHIP WITH LARGE RIGID-AND-FLEXIBLE INTEGRATED STRUCTURE |
| CN110838693A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-02-25 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Dynamic adjustment method, device and system for inflatable cabinet |
| CN112507636A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-16 | 中国人民解放军63660部队 | Parameter self-adaptive multi-capsule stratospheric airship floating weight balance assessment method |
| CN112507636B (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2023-01-10 | 中国人民解放军63660部队 | Parameter self-adaptive multi-capsule stratospheric airship floating weight balance assessment method |
| CN112572755A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-03-30 | 中国特种飞行器研究所 | Cooperative control method for internal and external pressure difference and speed of stratospheric airship in ascending process |
| CN113086154A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-07-09 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心空天技术研究所 | Aircraft of different structure combination of airship and unmanned aerial vehicle |
| CN114348232A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-04-15 | 北京电子工程总体研究所 | Pressure adjusting method for aerostat |
| CN114348232B (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2024-03-19 | 北京电子工程总体研究所 | Pressure regulating method for aerostat |
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