CN206297721U - A kind of vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments based on structural mechanics design - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments based on structural mechanics design：Vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments is commonly called as vacuum airship.Vacuum airship this concept has been suggested century more than three, but the Material Field of the mankind cannot still be produced and can enter the vacuum airship of practical application up to now.It is cheap that its main cause is that the mankind cannot produce at present, lighter-than-air, and 10 tons or so the lightweight body materials of atmospheric pressure can be resisted per square meter.The mechanics designs such as the design of the utility model reference configuration mechanics, network design, using the light overpressure resistant feature for inflating tubular construction, a kind of truly feasible vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments are designed with finite element analysis software.

Description

A kind of vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments based on structural mechanics design

Technical field

The invention belongs to field of aerospace technology, and in particular to it is a kind of with hydrodynamics, pneumatics, the mechanics of materials, Structural mechanics is guidance, the novel evacuated formula buoyancy flight instruments designed based on high-performance novel material.

Background technology

Vacuum airship（Vacuum Airship）It is that one kind replaces hydrogen tank or helium container to provide with vacuum tank Dirigible in the imagination of lift.So-called " vacuum ", refers to that in given space, pressure is less than 101325 Pascals (i.e. Standard atmospheric pressure about 101KPa) gaseous state.This conception is existed by the Francesco Lana de Terzi of Italy earliest Propose that vacuum sphere is the ultimate implementation method of buoyant lift within 1670.Because 1 N/ square metres of standard atmospheric pressure=101325. If that is building a vacuum airship, then the buoyant device of dirigible（Vacuum chamber）At normal atmospheric pressure will per square meter By 10 tons or so of atmospheric pressure.Although material science is continued to develop in recent years, do not occur commercialized, Neng Gouzhi also so far Support the material of 10 ton/square metre lightweight rigid structures.It is manufactured into reluctantly even with the new material of the not yet volume production such as Graphene Work(, the economic benefit that the can be generated cost that also it is spent far below manufacture.Therefore, although the vision of vacuum airship is very beautiful Well, the first impression but in the brains of most people to vacuum airship is all " impossible "！

Bibliography：

[1] Guo Peng, long-acting vacuum chamber satellite:China, patent of invention CN201510817860.9. [P]

[2] Guo Peng, intelligent cell type inflates rigid structure：China, patent of invention CN201610886675.X. [P]

[3] Weng Zhiyuan, Wang Yuan work(elastic thin shell theories Higher Education Publishing House, 1986. [M]

[4] (English) G.A. Cooleys, J.D. is lucky to strangle spy airship technology Science Presses 2008. [M]

[5] Du Zhenyong, inflates the load-bearing capacity analysis master thesis Harbin of tubular construction：Harbin industry is big Learn, 2008. [D]

[6] in Feng Bailu, single-layer lattice shell lighting roof structural form and mesh generation optimizing research master thesis Architecture science research institute of state, 2015. [D]

[7] Yang Lianping, Wei Shen, Zhang Qilin aluminium alloy space network present Research and key issue buildings journal the The 2 months 2013 phase Feb.2013 Vo1.34 No.2 of volume 34 the 2nd.[J]

[8] Ni Lijun, " ephemeralization " Eco-Design thought and application study master thesis Shanghai Communications Universitys, 2 months 2010 [D]

[9] Xie Yaqi, the design of planar flexible deployable structure and expansion research master thesis Zhejiang University, 2013. [D]

[10] Zhang Lei, flexible membrane bar strengthens the load performance study master thesis Harbin Institute of Technology of covering, 2013[D]

[11] Wang Yiran, tether enhancing inflatable structure load-carrying properties analysis master thesis Harbin Institute of Technology, 2013[D]

[12] in peaceful, the load-bearing capacity analysis master thesis Harbin Institute of Technology of ring structure, 2009 [D] are inflated

[13] Wei Jianzheng, the inflating expanded process gas-solid coupled problem research Ph.D. Dissertations of space folding film tube is breathed out That shore polytechnical university, 2008 [D]

[14] Wei Jianzheng, Mao Lina, Du Xingwen, spatial crimp folded tube ventilating control launch dynamics research engineering forces Learn, 2009,26 (1):227-232[J].

Note：Document [2] belongs to me and has applied for undisclosed patent of invention, and its main contents is using Multicarity airbag structure More excellent mechanical property is obtained by the gas that different pressure are filled with different cavity body.Many gas in inflatable deployment structure The mechanical characteristics of the intelligent cell type inflation rigid body of capsule structure composition are more more outstanding than traditional single-chamber body airbag structure, contribute to The present invention is implemented.

The content of the invention

The invention discloses a kind of vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments designed based on structural mechanics and new material.Specifically Say the present invention be with hydrodynamics, pneumatics, the mechanics of materials, structural mechanics be instruct, based on high-performance novel material The novel evacuated formula buoyancy flight instruments designed.

Initially, also think that this idea is very laughable when I sees " vacuum airship " this concept on network.Because 1 N/ square metres of standard atmospheric pressure=101325.If that is building a vacuum airship, then the buoyant device of dirigible（Very Empty cabin）10 tons or so of atmospheric pressure will be subject to per square meter at normal atmospheric pressure.Although polymer composite is strong in tension Degree aspect has been able to meet and requires, but the vacuum chamber of vacuum airship has essential difference with the air bag of conventional balloon formula dirigible It is different.Conventional balloon formula dirigible typically uses flexible air-bag, and its major function is resistance inside air bag gas pressure, and prevents lightweight Gas escape.And vacuum chamber then needs a rigid structure branch to overhang a space, using firm after interior volume gas is extracted out Body structure stiffness by itself resists atmospheric pressure.If according to buoyancy formula it can be calculated that vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments gross mass Gas gross mass is arranged less than it, then this vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments is obtained in that buoyancy and floats in an atmosphere.

Assuming that the rigid structure of this vacuum chamber is manufactured with carbon fibre composite (CFRP), to meet it in normal atmosphere Depressing indeformable requirement certainly will will use thick and heavy multilayer package structure.And multilayer package structure not only causes deadweight increase, Construction cost is lifted, and the problems such as reliability is reduced, and its carrying capacity can also be greatly reduced.In essence, unless material There is leapfrog development in science, and otherwise vacuum airship is good for nothing.

Last year, I has done a feasibility study to vacuum airship.Research has been found that to be wanted with existing lightweight rigid body material Material support vacuum airship, unless the 1/10 of earth atmosphere pressure drop as little as previous level.For this, I devises that " long-acting vacuum chamber is defended Star " [bibliography 1], and constantly improve vacuum airship related data and reliability based on this.

Studied by long-time, using structural mechanics, finite element analysis and the calculating of new material parameter, I have found one Lightweight rigid structure this difficult point kind is bypassed, in the method for vacuum chamber used by current current material manufacture vacuum airship.

The maximum difficult point that vacuum airship manufactures and designs is the light vacuum cabin manufacture of normal atmosphere pressure.Light vacuum cabin Net weight have to be lower than vacuum chamber and create the buoyancy that vacuum environment is produced, that is to say, that vacuum chamber must lta from weight-average value. Meanwhile, although traditional lightweight air dirigible airship has various deficiencies, but he still belongs to a kind of matured product.Therefore, vacuum airship Cost can not be too many beyond traditional lightweight air dirigible airship.

On the premise of above-mentioned condition is met, I devises this vacuum type buoyancy flight dress based on structural mechanics Put.

As it was noted above, the maximum problem of vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments has two.One is to need the firm of sufficient intensity Atmospheric pressure of the body structure resistance per 10 tons or so of square meter, another is that vacuum chamber dead weight can be generated no more than vacuum chamber Buoyancy.

At normal atmospheric pressure, air weighs about 1.293KG/ cubic metres.That is vacuum chamber includes rigid structure and takes Every cubic metre of average weight must lta, otherwise vacuum chamber when averagely arranging the volume of air to vacuum chamber with thing gross weight Cannot float.

Above-mentioned condition causes, and rigid structure is unlikely to be current commercialized any body material.Although carbon fiber Tube material is lighter, but is cured as conducting oneself with dignity still much larger than air after supporting construction.Except legendary Graphene, I does not have discovery It is any can direct applied body material disclosure satisfy that vacuum airship rigid body manufacture require.Certainly, Graphene distance enters The Commercialization application stage has got long long way to go, and does not consider for the time being here.

When document [bibliography 4] is read, lightweight pressurizes tubular construction for I brings inspiration.（Lightweight forcing pipe is also referred to as Gas tube, film tube, space pipe, inflation beam, air-supported membrane structure, inflatable deployment structure etc.）.

Vacuum chamber is substantially exactly to resist external pressure using rigid structure.As long as that is rigid structure is produced Stress maintains an equal level with external atmospheric pressure, can just maintain vacuum chamber self space not by atmospheric compressed deformation.If added using lightweight Pressure pipe structure, it is possible to realize being resisted with atmospheric pressure the mechanics effect of atmospheric pressure.

Current composite development is extremely swift and violent, and structural strength creates peak repeatly.By taking PBO materials as an example, its tensile strength >= 5.8GPa, modulus 280GPa, heat resisting temperature reaches 600 DEG C, and his density only has 1.56g/ cubic centimetres.

Note：1 standard atmospheric pressure=9.8MPa, 1GPa=1000MPa.

Manufacture vacuum plant material requested is not as so difficult during most people is imagined in fact.1 standard atmospheric pressure is substantially Equivalent to 10 tons of pressure of every square meter, can find that what is not in fact after sounding a very big numeral, but careful calculating The problem that can not possibly be solved.By taking Coke bottle common in daily life as an example, the material that it is used is poly terephthalic acid second two Alcohol ester.One qualified Coke bottle can bear 10 standard atmospheric pressures, that is to say, that the Coke bottle material that we see daily Matter can bear 100 tons of pressure per square meter.And the various composite compressive resistances of being capable of industrialized production now are remote super poly- Ethylene glycol terephthalate, thus commercialization manufacture vacuum airship problem of materials be no longer to material of today science and technology Bottleneck.

Lightweight forcing pipe is prepared using polymer composite, its intensity can meet vacuum chamber rigid structure intensity completely Demand.In finite element modelling experiment, extraneous standard is resisted by 3 standard atmospheric pressures are only needed to inside lightweight forcing pipe big Pressure produced by air pressure.As shown in figure 1, vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments vacuum chamber structural representation.

If being used to resist external atmosphere pressure, the deadweight after the inflation of lightweight forcing pipe using simple lightweight pressurization tubular construction It is possible to fair with external atmosphere pressure.Therefore simple lightweight pressurization tubular construction can not bring too big buoyancy for vacuum chamber.Together When, lightweight forcing pipe once there is leakage is likely to that devastating consequence can be caused to vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments.Therefore, I sets [bibliography 2] intellectuality cell type inflation rigid structure is counted.

Traditional single-chamber gas tube is replaced with intelligent cell type inflation rigid structure, more preferably mechanical property is obtained in that Energy.Meanwhile, if can further lift the security of vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments using multi-cavity structure.As shown in figure 1, The vacuum chamber support system constituted using intelligent cell type inflation rigid structure.（Inflatable structure described in text can be using biography System inflatable structure intellectuality cell type inflation rigid structure or both combinations, do not influence power of the present invention from different modes Category）.

Such as document [5] described inflatable structure, the axial compression buckling load for especially inflating tubular construction can be by finite element Calculate gas tube axially compressive strength.It is computed, gas tube axially compressive strength is more than radial direction compressive resistance and shearing Intensity.Meanwhile, pressure of the ambient air to generation on covering is more than with the spatial mesh structure intensity that inflatable structure is made as rod member By force.If after substituting into intelligent cell type inflation rigid structure data, additionally it is possible to further improve the structural strength of space lattice. And this spatial mesh structure deadweight is far below traditional rigid structure.

If summary situation is it can be calculated that with inflatable structure（Intelligent cell type inflates rigid structure）Manufacture is filled Gas formula spatial mesh structure truss, and with this inflation truss support stressed-skin construction, you can obtain a light overpressure resistant vacuum chamber. The light overpressure resistant vacuum chamber for manufacturing in this way possess from heavy and light, can resist it is outside the feature such as suppress, be that manufacture vacuum type is floated The ideal material of power flight instruments.

Vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments is main by vacuum chamber 1, energy resource system 2, dynamical system 3, load system 4, monitoring system System 5, control system 6, communication system 7, automatic repair system 8 are constituted.Wherein vacuum chamber is main by covering 9, truss 10, vavuum pump 11 compositions.Truss 10 is main to be made up of rod member 12, inflation rod member 13, drawstring 14.

Vacuum chamber 1 is the core of vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments, and it is mainly characterized by using covering 9, truss 10, vavuum pump 11 one lightweight rigid space structure of composition.Fly vacuum type buoyancy after the gas in vacuum chamber 1 is extracted out using vavuum pump 11 Luggage puts deadweight lta, and buoyancy is then obtained in atmospheric environment.Can have in vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments one or More than one vacuum chamber 1.

Energy resource system 2 is the energy resource system assembly of vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments.Including energy supply system, the energy Stocking system and the part of energy consumption system three.Energy supply system includes solar battery group, wind power generating set, internal combustion engine Generating set, fuel cell unit, nuclear power generation unit etc. can provide the device of energy supply.Energy storage system includes electricity The energy storage devices such as pond group, batteries, energy accumulation device for fly wheel, compression air energy-storing apparatus.Energy consumption system is floating for vacuum type All energy consumption system assemblies needed for power flight instruments.Either the energy resource consumption of the various equipment of flight instruments itself is still The energy resource consumption of other equipments of load belongs to energy consumption system.

Dynamical system 3 is the dynamical system assembly that vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments is moved in an atmosphere.Vacuum type buoyancy flies Luggage puts the action such as need to be advanced in flight course, retreat, rise, declining, turning to and is required to dynamical system and driven It is dynamic.In order to obtain preferable driving force, the engine that the engine or injection engine that can be driven using propeller are driven.Hair Motivation can be fixed, or be rotated freely by cardan shaft driving.Vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments substantially situation with Traditional dirigible is suitable.Therefore, dynamical system 3 can directly quote the dynamical system design of conventional aircraft.

Load system 4 is including the load system assembly including gondola.The essence of vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments is to utilize The buoyancy of vacuum chamber 1 carries weight floating, and its basic load mode is structure for pod.Gondola is connected with vacuum chamber, in gondola It is interior to place load or directly load is fixed on inside and outside vacuum chamber, or truss structure is connected with vacuum chamber 1, after will load It is fixed on truss structure.Vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments substantially situation is suitable with traditional dirigible.Therefore, load system 4 can be with With reference to the load system of traditional floating type aircraft.

Monitoring system 5 is the general designation of various monitoring devices on vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments.Monitoring system 5 can be by optics Various detecting devices such as detector, pressure detector, hygrosensor, ultrasonic detector, electromagnetic wave detector, electronic compass Whether composition, its major function is healthy can at any time to monitor whole each system of vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments, and will monitor number It is analyzed according to control system 6 is real-time transmitted to.Monitoring system 5 can simultaneously monitor vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments inside with outside All information in portion.

Control system 6 is a kind of intelligent control system, is the control axis of vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments.Control system 6 vacuum chamber 1, energy resource system 2, dynamical system 3, the load using computer or manual type to vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments Its in system 4, monitoring system 5, communication system 7, automatic repair system 8, vavuum pump 11 or vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments He is controlled equipment.

Communication system 7 is the communication backbone of vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments.The communication of vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments is divided into Intercommunication and PERCOM peripheral communication.Wherein intercommunication is mainly vacuum chamber 1, energy resource system 2, dynamical system 3, load system 4, prison Communication and vacuum type buoyancy between examining system 5, control system 6, communication system 7, automatic repair system 8, vavuum pump 11 fly Luggage puts communication of entrained occupant etc..Correspondence with foreign country then according to vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments specific works situation depending on.It is logical The communication network of letter system composition can be wire communication, or radio communication.

Automatic repair system 8 is the dress that can carry out simple reparation to vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments using automation equipment Put.In the present invention, the groundwork mode of automatic repair system 8 is that can be moved freely in gas pipeline using robot Characteristic, when monitoring system 5 found the abnormal situation, to control automatic repair system 8 to go to using communication system 7 different for control system 6 Reason condition location, is processed according to actual conditions.The automatic remote-controlled robot of repair system 8 treatment abnormal conditions can be by counting Calculation machine automatically controls completion, it is also possible to by manually carrying out hand-guided completion.The automatic sharpest edges of repair system 8 are to run If it find that air bag local leakage can go to the location of leak to carry out covering repairing by robot in journey.

Covering 9 can be single thin film structure, it is also possible to the composite construction being made up of several air bags.Such as [bibliography 2] described, the inflatable rigid structure of many airbag structure compositions can be presented specific mechanics effect.By several airbag structures Atmospheric pressure dispersion outside covering can be turned to and cancelled out each other by the covering 9 of composition with type arched structure using domes, So that covering 9 can resist external atmosphere pressure.In order to obtain enough rigidity, truss can be disposed in air bag, also can be in gas Truss is disposed outside capsule.Air bag stress intensity in itself is supplemented using truss, disclosure satisfy that vacuum chamber 1 resists the requirement of external atmosphere pressure （Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5）.

Truss 10 is main to be made up of rod member 12, inflation rod member 13, drawstring 14.In the present invention, the Main Function of truss 10 It is the mechanical support that sufficient intensity is provided for covering 9.In order to resist external atmosphere pressure, lightweight is constituted by covering 9 and truss 10 firm Body case.Truss 10 may be mounted inside covering 9, it is also possible to outside covering 9.Using rod member 12, inflation rod member 13, The stereochemical structure of the composition of drawstring 14 possesses preferable mechanical property and relatively light quality, is the ideal complement of covering 9.In order to The weight of truss 10 is reduced as far as possible, three-dimensional sphere truss can be constituted using network.For example with " fowler spherical structure " The truss of composition is exactly a kind of ideal lattice supporting framework.[bibliography 6,7,8] in the present invention, truss structure can To use spherical structure, it would however also be possible to employ other structures.

The major function of vavuum pump 11 is for vacuum chamber 1, covering 9, inflation rod member 13 or other air bags provide malleation or negative Pressure supply.In the present invention, it is possible to use vavuum pump 11 provides negative pressure, by the reduction of the air pressure inside of vacuum chamber 1, vacuum chamber is then made Obtain buoyancy.Can also be covering 9 using vavuum pump 11, inflation rod member 13 or other air bags provides malleation inflate, possess it Certain mechanical strength.In the present invention, vavuum pump 11 can be one, or many.The mode of operation of vavuum pump 11 Can be that work independently can also associated working.

Rod member 12 is made up of various lightweight rigid structures.Although inflation rod member 13 disclosure satisfy that in most cases rigid body knot The mechanical requirements of structure, but be not excluded for some and in particular cases still need conventional lightweight rigid structure.By these lightweight rigid body knots The rod member 12 of structure composition is the important supplement to whole vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments.

Inflation rod member 13 is by the lightweight rigid structure of gas tube structure composition.Inflation rod member 13 can be by Conventional pneumatic pipe Composition, it is also possible to rigid structure [bibliography 2] is inflated by intelligent cell type and is constituted.Being mainly characterized by for inflation rod member 13 is light Matter is pressure-resistant rigid structure, [bibliography 5,12,13,14] gas tube possesses lighter deadweight as described in document, and in axial force Aspect has excellent performance.Filling for rigid structure [bibliography 2] many airbag structures compositions is inflated using intelligent cell type Gas rod member 13 possesses the mechanical property more more excellent than traditional single-chamber body air bag, and inflation rod member 13 can be met completely for vacuum chamber The demand of 1 resistance external atmosphere pressure.

Drawstring 14 is the important component of vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments.As described in document [bibliography 10,11], draw Rope structure can play greatly supplement to air bag stress, contribute to the steering of stress, decompose or concentrate.In the present invention, draw Rope 14 can be rope form, can also be netted.Drawstring 14 can be integrated with covering, air bag, it is also possible to individualism.Drawstring 14 can With inside vacuum chamber, it is also possible to outside vacuum chamber.

It is noted that the volume of vacuum chamber can not be too low during design vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments.As shown in Fig. 6 forms, When spherical structure diameter is less than 6 meters, the ratio of volume and surface area is area>Volume, and spherical structure with diameter greater than 6 meters when face Product<Volume.When spherical vacuum cabin is a diameter of 6 meters, the ratio of surface area and volume is 1：1.In the present invention, lattice support structure Substantially identical to surface with rounded structures is accumulated.When spherical vacuum cabin is with diameter greater than 6 meters, spherical structure volume ratio will be more than table Area.Larger volume can arrange more air, be that vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments brings more buoyancy.

With continuing to develop for materialogy, following material may be more outstanding.Using the true of high-strength material manufacture Empty cabin can select arbitrary structures and be not necessarily limited to spherical.Guiding theory of the invention is to resist air pressure using air pressure, is selected Other structures vacuum chamber does not influence ownership of the present invention.

Brief description of the drawings：

Corresponding numeral is in accompanying drawing：Covering 9, truss 10, air bag 15, normal atmospheric environment 16, vacuum environment 17.

Fig. 1 is vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments overall structure diagram.Wherein covering 9, air bag 15, truss 10 are integrated into Integrally.

Fig. 2 is structural representation after single airbag structure and its inflation.Figure middle body is regional area enlarged diagram, Arrow represents air pressure stress direction.When air pressure is more than external environment condition in air bag, air bag can tend to spherical in shape.When two air bags When interfering, the stress of contact surface can interact.Other region cyst walls such as air bag extend to the limit, and stress can be converted into To the pulling force of airbag wall.As long as tension intensity would not produce further deformation or tear no more than airbag wall tensile strength.Cause This, airbag wall tensile strength>Air pressure in air bag>During adjacent cells contact surface deformable stress, air bag internal stress is concentrated in adjacent Balloon contacts face.

Fig. 3 is internal force schematic diagram detailed annotation after many air bag parallel constructions and its inflation（It is local）.The air bag covering of this kind of pattern Based on [document 2] intellectuality cell type inflation rigid structure design, air is resisted using the interaction force between multi-layer airbag Pressure.This kind of stressed-skin construction is characterized as inner side air bag pressure more than outside air bag pressure, and air bag is domed under gas pressure, helps Turn to and cancel out each other in external atmospheric pressure.This kind of structure is applied to super large structure for vacuum cabin, and it possesses stronger rigidity.

State when Fig. 4 is not entirely pneumatic covering 9.Now the internal pressure of covering 9 is roughly the same with external environment atmospheric pressure, Suitably covering 9 is manufactured or overhauled under this kind of state.

Fig. 5 is covering 9 shown in Fig. 4 completely into the situation after working condition.Now, external atmosphere pressure is standard atmospheric pressure （Natural atmosphere environment）.Be filled with gases at high pressure in the air bag for constituting covering 9, the active force of the contact surface between air bag and air bag it With more than air bag outside atmosphere pressure pressure.Now the substantially spherical structure of air bag, can turn the pressure of external atmosphere pressure generation Marry adjacent area.As long as both make a concerted effort just meet vacuum cabin structure to resistance air pressure ring no more than airbag wall tensile strength The requirement in border.Note：Multi-layer airbag structure composition covering 9 is based only on a kind of scheme of principle of the invention design in accompanying drawing, according to The aircraft of the different patterns of the principle design of vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments can be using different coverings and inflation truss Combination.Changing air bag arrangement mode or airbag structure does not influence ownership of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is the ratio table between spherical vacuum cabin surface area and volume.

Specific embodiment：

By taking vacuum cabin structure shown in Fig. 5 as an example：

It is 1.29 kilograms that known normal atmosphere is depressed 1 cubic metre of air and weighed about

By taking a spherical vacuum cabin for 10 meters of diameter as an example：

The spherical vacuum cabin girth of 10 meters of diameter is about 31.4 meters

Surface area is about 314.16 square metres

Volume is about 523.6 cubic metres

Covering air bag volume is calculated first

If covering balloon thickness is 10CM（Macromolecular material airbag wall is very thin extremely light, it has not been convenient to independent calculated weight.Therefore Weight is attached in balloon thickness, that is, sets balloon thickness 15CM）

1 square meter covering volume is about 1*1*0.15=0.15 cubic metres

3 times of 1.29 kilograms * 0.15 cubic metre=0.5805 kilogram of atmospheric pressure *（Covering is net per square meter after being filled with 3 times of atmospheric pressure Weight）

182 kilograms of 314.16*0.5805 kilograms of ≈ of 10 meters of spherical vacuum cabin surface areas of diameter

Covering gross dry weight is about 182 kilograms after being filled with 3 times of atmospheric pressure

10 meters of about 523.6 cubic metres of spherical vacuum nacelle products of known diameter, normal atmosphere is depressed 1 cubic metre of air and is weighed about It is 1.29 kilograms.675 kilograms of buoyancy 523.6*1.29 ≈ can be calculated

675-182=493 kilograms.

Thus can calculate, 10 meters of vacuum chambers of diameter can still possess 493 kilograms of buoyancy after excluding stressed-skin construction deadweight. Most of aircraft movement requirements can be met completely.

Note 1：Because vacuum chamber own vol is smaller, covering air bag internal pressure can be used compared with low internal pressure（Construction weight compared with It is low）.When vacuum nacelle product is larger（Such as 100 meters of diameter）In order to resist vacuum chamber deadweight, it is necessary to in membrane inflatable tube Pressure is strengthened and is increased internal truss frame.

Note 2：Spherome surface is accumulated and is more than volume when experiment is used below 6 meters of small size vacuum cabin diameter, so true below 6 meters of diameter Empty cabin design structure and algorithm are different from more than 6 meters structures, and details refer to Fig. 6.

Note 3：If gas-filled film tubular construction is obtained in that stronger using intelligent cell type inflation rigid structure [document 2] Mechanical property, and conduct oneself with dignity without significantly rising.Concrete numerical value needs to be calculated according to actual product.

Industrial applicibility：

The history of floating type aircraft is very long, but past floating type aircraft is mostly using light gas as floating The driving core of power apparatus.The light gas that main flow buoyancy aircraft is used in the world mainly have hydrogen and helium, but all exist Great drawback.Hydrogen although produce conveniently, it is with low cost, but there is inflammable and explosive danger.World today's most countries are Through forbidding hydrogen for inflatable lighter-than-air flight device.Helium is current lightweight gas used by the lightweight aircraft of main flow in the world Body, but helium belongs to non-renewable resources.If a small amount of application is it is also possible that once extensive development helium aircraft will go out An existing gas embarrassed shape hard to find.

The present invention designs truly feasible vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments based on being commercialized material now.His is excellent Gesture is not need specific light gas, as long as needing the regional by vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments of lift-off after the completion of building Interior evacuating air can float.

The vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments produced using current material can be with large-scale application to transport field.Vacuum type Buoyancy flight instruments is not restricted by landform, and energy amount transport goods and materials, and landing is without airport etc hardware facility.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments, it is characterized by lightweight rigid body truss structure is designed with structural mechanics, with macromolecule Material is covering, is support with gas tube, is made a kind of light overpressure resistant vacuum plant, using vavuum pump that this light overpressure resistant is true Empty device extracts the buoyancy obtained after vacuum more than vacuum plant net weight, and the vacuum plant can be floated under atmospheric environment Power carries out a liter flight of floaing.

2. vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments according to claim 1, it is characterized in that vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments is by vacuum Cabin（1）, energy resource system（2）, dynamical system（3）, load system（4）, monitoring system（5）, control system（6）, communication system （7）, automatic repair system（8）Composition, wherein vacuum chamber（1）Mainly by covering（9）, truss（10）, vavuum pump（11）Composition, purlin Frame（10）Mainly by rod member（12）, inflation rod member（13）, drawstring（14）Composition.

3. vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments according to claim 2, it is characterized in that vacuum chamber described in claim 2 (1) It is the core of vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments, a lightweight rigid body knot is constituted using covering (9), truss (10), vavuum pump (11) Structure, the air pressure in vacuum chamber (1) is adjusted using vavuum pump (11), when the deadweight total amount of vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments is less than vacuum Vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments obtains buoyancy and floats during the air quality that cabin arranges, placement one in vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments Or more than one vacuum chamber (1).

4. vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments according to claim 2, it is characterized in that dynamical system described in claim 2 （3）It is dynamical system assembly that vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments is moved in an atmosphere, dynamical system（3）Driven using propeller The engine that engine or injection engine drive, engine rotates freely knot using fixed structure or by cardan shaft driving Structure, dynamical system（3）Design it is consistent with the dynamical system design of tradition floating type aircraft.

5. vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments according to claim 2, it is characterized in that load system described in claim 2 （4）It is vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments load system assembly, it is characterized by using vacuum chamber（1）For core carries all kinds of load dresses Put, load system（4）Using structure for pod or by drawstring（14）Towing arbitrary load device.

6. vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments according to claim 2, it is characterized in that automatic described in claim 2 repair system System（8）It is a kind of device that can carry out simple reparation to vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments using automation equipment, it is characterized by Automatic repair system（8）The abnormal feelings of characteristic remote-controlled robot treatment that can be moved freely in gas pipeline using robot Condition, this process can be automatically controlled by a computer completion, or by manually carrying out hand-guided completion.

7. vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments according to claim 2, it is characterized in that covering described in claim 2（9）It is The stressed-skin construction of vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments, covering（9）Constituted by single thin film structure composition or by several air bags Composite construction, the covering being made up of several airbag structures（9）Type arched structure, using domes by the air outside covering Pressure dissipation is turned to and cancelled out each other, so that covering（9）External atmosphere pressure can be resisted, in order to obtain enough rigid body intensity, Truss can be disposed in air bag, truss can be also disposed outside air bag, air bag stress intensity in itself is supplemented using truss.

8. vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments according to claim 2, it is characterized in that truss described in claim 2（10）It is The truss general name of vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments, truss（10）Mainly by rod member（12）, inflation rod member（13）, drawstring（14）Group Into using rod member（12）, inflation rod member（13）, drawstring（14）The stereochemical structure truss of composition（10）Possess preferable mechanical property Relatively light quality, can be to support covering（9）Pressure-resistant rigid structure play greatly enhancing, using rod member（12）、 Inflation rod member（13）, drawstring（14）The truss of composition（10）Installed in covering（9）It is internal or external, assist covering（9）Resistance is outer Boundary's atmospheric pressure.

9. vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments according to claim 2, it is characterized in that vavuum pump described in claim 2（11） It is a kind of air movement device, using vavuum pump（11）It can be vacuum chamber（1）, covering（9）, inflation rod member（13）Or other gas Capsule provides malleation or negative pressure supply；In the present invention, vavuum pump can be utilized（11）Negative pressure is provided, by vacuum chamber（1）Internal gas Pressure drop is low, vacuum chamber is obtained buoyancy, it is also possible to utilize vavuum pump（11）It is covering（9）, inflation rod member（13）Or other Air bag provides malleation inflation, it is possessed certain mechanical strength；Vavuum pump（11）It can also be many, vacuum that can be one Pump（11）Mode of operation can be that work independently can also associated working.

10. vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments according to claim 2, it is characterized in that inflating rod member described in claim 2 （13）It is a kind of rod member of inflatable structure, it is characterized by rod member is made using lightweight inflation tubular construction, using its lightweight spy Levy the truss of auxiliary vacuum type buoyancy flight instruments（10）Support covering（9）Resistance external atmosphere pressure, inflates rod member（13）Can be with Install outside air bag, it is also possible to installed in inside air bag.