CN110722125A - Casting and forging integrated die-casting method - Google Patents
Casting and forging integrated die-casting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110722125A CN110722125A CN201911185936.5A CN201911185936A CN110722125A CN 110722125 A CN110722125 A CN 110722125A CN 201911185936 A CN201911185936 A CN 201911185936A CN 110722125 A CN110722125 A CN 110722125A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/2015—Means for forcing the molten metal into the die
- B22D17/2023—Nozzles or shot sleeves
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/2015—Means for forcing the molten metal into the die
- B22D17/2069—Exerting after-pressure on the moulding material
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Abstract
The invention is suitable for the technical field of pressure casting, and discloses a casting and forging integrated die-casting method, which comprises the following steps: fixing a die with a forging hole and a cavity on a frame of the casting and forging all-in-one machine through a die locking device, and controlling the die to be closed; the extrusion rod of the extrusion system fills the die cavity and the forging hole with the molten raw materials; and a forging rod of the forging system extrudes the pre-stored raw material of the forging hole to a cavity of the die at least partially. According to the casting and forging integrated die-casting method provided by the invention, the forging system performs high-pressure forging on a product after the extrusion system is finished, so that the deformed aluminum alloy is filled in a cavity in a forging die at low speed and high pressure, air is removed for enough time in the extrusion process, air holes in the product cannot be caused, the appearance density can meet the requirement, and the performance of the product is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pressure casting, and particularly relates to a casting and forging integrated die-casting method.
Background
At present, the die casting machine on the market can only use casting aluminum alloy, such as ADC12, 380 and other materials, if wrought aluminum alloy die casting products are used, the obtained products can have various defects, such as cracks, cold shut, sink and the like, simultaneously, because the wrought aluminum alloy can only be used on extrusion and forging.
In addition, the aluminum alloy parts cast by the prior common die casting machine have lower density and tensile strength, cannot meet the standard required by high strength of automobiles, and cannot be anodized.
In addition, the prior common die casting machine needs to use high-speed injection to ensure that the product has no defect on the appearance during die casting, and the workpiece can not be subjected to heat treatment because air holes and sand holes are inevitably generated inside the workpiece in the high-speed injection production process.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solve at least one of the above problems and provides a casting and forging integrated die-casting method, which includes the steps of
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a casting and forging integrated die-casting method comprises the following steps:
fixing a die with a forging hole and a cavity on a frame of the casting and forging all-in-one machine through a die locking device, and controlling the die to be closed;
the extrusion rod of the extrusion system fills the die cavity and the forging hole with the molten raw materials;
and a forging rod of the forging system extrudes the pre-stored raw material of the forging hole to a cavity of the die at least partially.
Specifically, the extrusion system includes a shot cylinder that continuously drives the ram at a set pressure to fill the die cavity and the forging holes with molten material.
Specifically, the second drive member drives the shot piston within the shot cylinder forwardly to a set position, and the shot compressor tank maintains the shot cylinder at a continuous pressure while the ram fills the die cavity and the forging holes with molten material.
Specifically, the forging system comprises a forging oil cylinder, a first driving part drives a forging piston in the forging oil cylinder to move forwards to a set position, a forging compressed air tank instantly fills compressed air into the forging oil cylinder, and the forging oil cylinder instantly pressurizes to enable a forging rod to forge a workpiece in a cavity.
Specifically, the pressure of the forging rod acting on the raw material prestored in the forging hole is greater than the pressure of the extrusion rod acting on the raw material.
Specifically, the instantaneous speed of the forging rod acting on the raw material prestored in the forging hole is greater than the extrusion speed of the extrusion rod acting on the raw material.
Specifically, the injection compressed gas tanks are provided with one group, or the injection compressed gas tanks are provided with two groups, and the two groups of the compressed gas tanks work synchronously or alternately.
Specifically, the forging compressed gas tank is provided with one group, or the forging compressed gas tank is provided with two groups, and the two groups of forging compressed gas tanks work synchronously or alternately.
Specifically, the pressure and dwell time of the forging system are set prior to the beginning of operation of the forging system.
Specifically, before the forging system starts to work, the working times of the forging system are set.
According to the casting and forging integrated die-casting method provided by the invention, after the extrusion system fills the die cavity with the molten raw materials, the forging rod acts to extrude at least part of the prestored raw materials to the die cavity of the die, so that the raw materials in the die cavity are further densified, the generation of air hole and sand hole in the workpiece is avoided, the workpiece is prevented from having defects such as cracks, cold shut, sink marks and the like, the performance of the product is greatly increased due to the forging effect of the forging rod, the density and the tensile strength of the product are high, and the standard of high strength requirements of automobiles can be achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a cast-forging integrated die-casting machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a casting and forging integrated die-casting machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The casting and forging integrated die-casting method provided by the embodiment of the invention can adopt a casting and forging integrated die-casting machine shown in figures 1 and 2, and comprises the following steps: fixing a die with a forging hole and a cavity on a frame 1 of the casting and forging all-in-one machine through a die locking device, and controlling the die to be closed; the extrusion rod 41 of the extrusion system 40 fills the die cavity and the forging hole with the molten raw material; the forging stem 31 of the forging system 30 extrudes the pre-existing material of the forging hole at least partially into the cavity of the die. Like this, after extrusion system 40 is full of the mould die cavity with the melting raw materials, forging pole 31 action makes the pre-existing raw materials at least partially extrude the die cavity to make the raw materials in the die cavity further densify, avoid the inside production gas pocket sand hole of finished piece, prevent that the finished piece from having badness such as crack, cold shut, sink, because the forging of forging pole 31, make the performance of product increase by a wide margin, its density, tensile strength are high, can reach the standard that the high-strength requirement of automobile class was used, the raw materials can be ADC12, casting aluminum alloy materials such as 380, also can adopt the wrought aluminum alloy, the finished piece can carry out anodic oxidation, the finished piece performance is good.
Specifically, the extrusion system 40 includes a shot cylinder 42, which cylinder 42 continuously drives the extrusion stem 41 at a set pressure to fill the die cavity and the forging holes with molten material.
Specifically, the second drive member drives the shot piston 43 within the shot cylinder 42 forwardly to a set position, and the shot gas tank maintains the shot cylinder 42 at a constant pressure while the ram 41 is caused to fill the die cavity and the forging holes with molten material.
Specifically, the forging system 30 comprises a forging oil cylinder 32, a first driving part drives a forging piston 33 in the forging oil cylinder 32 to move forwards to a set position, a forging compressed air cylinder 34 instantly charges compressed air into the forging oil cylinder 32, and the forging oil cylinder 32 instantly pressurizes to enable the forging rod 31 to forge a workpiece in a cavity.
Specifically, the pressure of the forging rod 31 acting on the material stored in the forging hole is larger than the pressure of the extrusion rod 41 acting on the material.
Specifically, the instantaneous speed of the forging rod 31 acting on the material prestored in the forging hole is greater than the extrusion speed of the extrusion rod 41 acting on the material.
Specifically, the shot compressed gas tanks 44 are provided in one set, or the shot compressed gas tanks 44 are provided in two sets, which are operated simultaneously or alternately. The shot compressed gas tank 44 may be a nitrogen tank provided with one (set) or at least two (sets). Each (group) of nitrogen tanks can work synchronously and can also work alternately, and when one (group) of nitrogen tanks deflates, the rest nitrogen tanks can be inflated to improve the production efficiency.
Specifically, the forging gas cylinders 34 are provided in one set, or the forging gas cylinders 34 are provided in two sets which operate simultaneously or alternately. The forging compressed gas tank 34 is a nitrogen gas tank, and the nitrogen gas tank may be provided with one or at least two. When the nitrogen tanks are provided with two (groups) or more than two (groups), each (group) of nitrogen tanks can synchronously work to ensure that the instantaneous pressure is larger. Each (group) of nitrogen tanks can also work alternately, and when one (group) of nitrogen tanks is deflated, the rest nitrogen tanks can be inflated so as to improve the production efficiency.
Specifically, before the forging system 30 (the cast-and-forged integral die casting machine) starts to work, the pressure and the dwell time of the forging system 30 are set to meet different molding requirements.
Specifically, before the forging system 30 (the cast-and-forge integral die-casting machine) starts to work, the number of times of working of the forging system 30 and the pressure and dwell time at each time are set, specifically, the next forging pressure may be greater than the forging pressure of the current forging, and specifically, the next dwell time may be greater than the dwell time of the current forging. The lattice structure in the workpiece can be gradually densified by gradually increasing the pressure, the mechanical property of the workpiece is better, the reliability of the product is high, and the high-strength application occasion can be met.
When aluminum liquid is poured into the feeding port, the injection oil cylinder 42 starts to work, the motor oil pressure driving part (second driving part) pushes the injection piston 43 to enable the extrusion rod 41 to advance forwards, the extrusion nitrogen cylinder continuously pressurizes the extrusion oil cylinder to ensure continuous high pressure in the cylinder, and the extrusion rod 41 is enabled to fully fill the aluminum liquid into a product cavity and a forging cavity (forging hole) of the die under the conditions of low speed and high pressure through reasonable pressure distribution of the injection oil circuit board. When the extrusion system 40 finishes the back forging system and begins working, the motor oil pressure pushes the forging piston 33 to enable the forging rod 31 to be pushed forwards, the forging nitrogen cylinder instantly pressurizes the forging oil cylinder 32 to ensure the maximization of the pressure in the oil cylinder, the forging rod 31 is pushed forwards at high speed and high pressure, the end connecting die forging position synchronously forges the product in the die cavity at high speed and high pressure, the high density of the product is ensured, and the forging starting time can be set to meet the characteristics of different materials.
In a specific application, the casting and forging integrated die-casting machine comprises a frame 1, wherein the frame 1 is provided with a mold locking device 2 for locking a mold and an extrusion system 40 for filling a mold cavity with a molten raw material, the frame 1 is further provided with a forging system 30 for extruding (part of) a prestored raw material into the mold cavity, the forging system 30 comprises a forging rod 31 (in the embodiment, an extrusion rod 41 for the forging system 30 is used, but not specifically referring to a forged part formed by forging) and a forging driving component for driving the forging rod 31 to act, after the extrusion system 40 fills the mold cavity with the molten raw material, the forging rod 31 acts to extrude at least part of the prestored raw material into the mold cavity of the mold, so that the raw material in the mold cavity is further densified, air holes and sand holes are prevented from being generated inside the workpiece, and defects of cracks, cold shut, shrinkage and the like of the workpiece are prevented, due to the forging effect of the forging rod, the performance of the product is greatly improved, the density and the tensile strength of the product are high, the product can meet the standard required by high strength of automobiles, the raw material can be cast aluminum alloy materials such as ADC12 and 380, and the like, and also can be wrought aluminum alloy, and the finished product can be subjected to anodic oxidation.
Specifically, the frame 1 has a die mounting position, and the extruding system 40 and the forging system 30 are respectively disposed on two sides of the die mounting position. The frame 1 can also be provided with a mold locking device, and after the mold is installed in place, the mold locking device can lock the mold and open and close the mold through a mold opening and closing mechanism. The die has a forging hole and a cavity.
Or, the forging system 30 is provided with two sets and respectively arranged on the same side or two sides of the die mounting position. Of course, more than two sets of forging systems 30 or forging rods 31 may be provided, and the portions requiring structural reinforcement may be forged separately when a large-sized part is formed. Each forging system 30 or forging bar 31 may be controlled simultaneously or independently.
Specifically, the forging drive part includes a forging cylinder 32, and the forging rod 31 is directly or indirectly connected to the forging cylinder 32.
Specifically, the forging cylinder 32 (in this embodiment, the cylinder for the forging system 30, not specifically referred to as a forging cylinder) has a forging piston 33 (in this embodiment, the piston for the forging system 30, not specifically referred to as a forging piston), the forging piston 33 is connected to a first driving component for driving the forging piston 33 to move forward, and the first driving component may be a driving device for driving the forging piston 33 to linearly drive, and may be a driving component such as a linear motor. The forging driving component further includes a forging air tank 34 (in the present embodiment, the air tank for the forging system 30 is referred to, and not specifically, the air tank for forging molding) for instantly filling the forging cylinder 32 with compressed air when the forging piston 33 moves forward to a set position.
Specifically, the forging cylinder 32 is connected to a forging oil passage plate (in this embodiment, the oil passage plate is used for the forging system 30, and not specifically, the forged oil passage plate), and the forging rod 31 is connected to the forging oil passage plate.
Specifically, the forging compressed gas tank 34 is a nitrogen gas tank, and the nitrogen gas tank may be provided with one or at least two. When the nitrogen tanks are provided with two (groups) or more than two (groups), each (group) of nitrogen tanks can synchronously work to ensure that the instantaneous pressure is larger. The nitrogen tanks (groups) can also work alternately, and when one nitrogen tank (group) is deflated, the rest nitrogen tanks can be inflated.
Specifically, the pressing system 40 includes a pressing rod 41 and a pressing driving part for driving the pressing rod 41, and the pressing driving part may be a cylinder or the like.
Specifically, the extrusion cylinder has an extrusion piston 43, the extrusion piston 43 is connected with a second driving component for driving the extrusion piston 43 to move forward, and the extrusion driving component further comprises an injection compressed gas tank 44 for continuously filling the extrusion cylinder with compressed gas when the extrusion piston 43 moves forward to a set position, so that the raw material can quickly fill the die. The injection compressed gas tank 44 is a nitrogen tank provided with one (group) or at least two (groups). Each nitrogen tank (group) can work synchronously, each nitrogen tank (group) can work alternatively, and when one nitrogen tank (group) deflates, the other nitrogen tanks can be inflated.
Specifically, the die is provided with a forging hole (spot-pressing hole), the forging rod 31 is provided at one end of the forging hole, and the other end of the forging hole is communicated with the cavity of the die. The forward end of the forge rod 31 can be aligned with or extend into the forge hole. The forging holes can be arranged in a plurality of numbers, and in specific application, one group or a plurality of groups of forging holes arranged oppositely can be arranged, so that each group of forging holes are oppositely forged corresponding to the forging rod 31, and the performance of the part is further improved. The forging hole may be provided with a protective cover through which the forging rod 31 passes and extends into the forging hole. The protective cover can be connected with a pressurized air pipe to prevent the raw materials from overflowing from the forging holes and the forging rods 31. The forging rod 31 and the forging hole may be provided with high temperature resistant sealing oil. The forging rod 31 can be connected with a distance sensor, and the forging amount can be accurately sensed.
According to the casting and forging integrated die-casting method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the following steps can be referred to as an extrusion process:
a molding cavity, a pouring channel and a forging hole are formed in the die-casting die after die assembly,
the ram 41 of the extrusion system 40 injects the molten material liquid from the runner of the die into the cavity and the integrally pressurized or swaged hole at a low velocity and high pressure to fill the cavity, runner, integrally pressurized or swaged hole with the molten material liquid.
The forging oil cylinder of the forging system 30 extrudes the raw materials pre-stored in the integral pressurizing or forging hole into the back pouring channel and the die cavity, and after the raw materials in the die cavity and the pouring channel are molded, the die casting piece is taken out from the die-casting die through the ejection system 5.
The method can adopt wrought aluminum alloys (7075, 6061 and other commercial materials), mainly aims at the forming of high-strength wrought aluminum alloy materials, melts into liquid at a high temperature of 730-750 ℃, pours into a feeding cup, an extrusion system extrudes forwards at a high pressure of 0.1M/S to fill a cavity, a pouring gate and a forging hole of a forging die, and a product in the cavity of the die is forged by the forging system at a high pressure in a cooling process (generally, the time is delayed for 0.1S-1 second after the injection is finished, and the temperature of the product is about 600 ℃). The extrusion system is more than 3 times of the pressure of the injection system of the common die-casting machine, and can ensure enough continuous high pressure under the condition of not opening high speed so as to meet the requirement of forward extrusion at low speed and high pressure (the common die-casting machine does not open high speed injection pressure and does not have high pressure), the cavity in the forging die is filled with the deformed aluminum alloy at low speed and high pressure by extrusion, air in the extrusion process is discharged in enough time, air holes in the product can not exist, and the appearance density can not meet the requirement. The forging system carries out high-pressure forging to the product after the extrusion system is finished, and forging start-up time, dwell time and pressure can all be freely adjusted. The forging system requires the cooperation of a die having a forging function, and such a die is called a forging die. The forging system partially or wholly forges the product according to the die, and the forging depth of the product can be 0.5-1 mm. The forging is to make the density of the product reach the utmost and prevent the product from cracking and shrinkage during thermal shrinkage due to insufficient density. Thus, after the extrusion system 40 fills the die cavity with the molten raw material, the forging rod 31 acts to extrude at least part of the prestored raw material to the die cavity of the die, so that the raw material in the die cavity is further densified, thereby avoiding the generation of air holes and sand holes in the part, preventing the part from having defects such as cracks, cold shut, sink and the like.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents or improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The casting and forging integrated die-casting method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
fixing a die with a forging hole and a cavity on a frame of the casting and forging all-in-one machine through a die locking device, and controlling the die to be closed;
the extrusion rod of the extrusion system fills the die cavity and the forging hole with the molten raw materials;
and a forging rod of the forging system extrudes the pre-stored raw material of the forging hole to a cavity of the die at least partially.
2. A method of one-piece die casting according to claim 1 wherein said extrusion system includes a shot cylinder which continuously drives said extrusion stem at a set pressure to fill the die cavity and the forging holes with molten material.
3. A unitary die casting method as claimed in claim 2 wherein said second drive member drives a shot piston within a shot cylinder forwardly to a set position and a shot compressor cylinder maintains said shot cylinder at a constant pressure to cause said ram to fill the die cavity and the forging holes with molten material.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the forging system comprises a forging cylinder, the first driving member drives a forging piston in the forging cylinder to move forward to a set position, a forging air tank instantaneously supplies compressed air to the forging cylinder, and the forging cylinder instantaneously pressurizes to enable the forging rod to forge the workpiece in the cavity.
5. The cast-forged one-piece die casting method according to claim 1, wherein the pressure of said forging bar acting on the material pre-stored in said forging hole is greater than the pressure of said extrusion bar acting on the material.
6. The cast-forged one-piece die casting method according to claim 1, wherein an instantaneous speed of said forging bar acting on the raw material pre-stored in said forging hole is larger than an extrusion speed of said extrusion bar acting on the raw material.
7. A cast-and-forged one-piece die casting method as claimed in claim 3, wherein said shot gas tanks are provided in one set, or wherein said shot gas tanks are provided in two sets, and wherein said two sets of gas tanks are operated simultaneously or alternately.
8. The cast-forged integrated die casting method according to claim 4, wherein said forging gas cylinders are provided in one set, or said forging gas cylinders are provided in two sets, and said two sets of said forging gas cylinders are operated simultaneously or alternately.
9. The method of die casting a cast-forged product according to claim 1, wherein the pressure and dwell time of said forging system are set before said forging system starts to operate.
10. The method of die casting a cast-forged product according to claim 1, wherein the number of operations of said forging system is set before said forging system starts operating.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911185936.5A CN110722125A (en) | 2019-11-27 | 2019-11-27 | Casting and forging integrated die-casting method |
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| CN201911185936.5A CN110722125A (en) | 2019-11-27 | 2019-11-27 | Casting and forging integrated die-casting method |
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Effective date of registration: 20200518 Address after: 518000 No.104, Weiling Road, egongling community, Pinghu street, Longgang District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Applicant after: Shenzhen Beigong Industrial Co., Ltd Address before: Longgang District of Shenzhen City, Guangdong province 518000 Longgang Street Community Long Dong Sha Bei Li Cun Xi Xiang Industrial District 138. Applicant before: Shenzhen City Haoxiang Die-casting Co.,Ltd. |