CN110710356B - Pelleted seed and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Pelleted seed and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110710356B CN110710356B CN201910868984.8A CN201910868984A CN110710356B CN 110710356 B CN110710356 B CN 110710356B CN 201910868984 A CN201910868984 A CN 201910868984A CN 110710356 B CN110710356 B CN 110710356B
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- seeds
- powder
- pelleted
- pelletized
- pelleting
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 161
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 claims description 27
- 235000011293 Brassica napus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- YKBZOVFACRVRJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dinotefuran Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)\N=C(/NC)NCC1CCOC1 YKBZOVFACRVRJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000005941 Thiamethoxam Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- NWWZPOKUUAIXIW-FLIBITNWSA-N thiamethoxam Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)\N=C/1N(C)COCN\1CC1=CN=C(Cl)S1 NWWZPOKUUAIXIW-FLIBITNWSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- WCXDHFDTOYPNIE-RIYZIHGNSA-N (E)-acetamiprid Chemical compound N#C/N=C(\C)N(C)CC1=CC=C(Cl)N=C1 WCXDHFDTOYPNIE-RIYZIHGNSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PGOOBECODWQEAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-clothianidin Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)\N=C(/NC)NCC1=CN=C(Cl)S1 PGOOBECODWQEAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005875 Acetamiprid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005886 Chlorantraniliprole Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005888 Clothianidin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005900 Flonicamid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005663 Pyridaben Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PSOVNZZNOMJUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorantraniliprole Chemical compound CNC(=O)C1=CC(Cl)=CC(C)=C1NC(=O)C1=CC(Br)=NN1C1=NC=CC=C1Cl PSOVNZZNOMJUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CWFOCCVIPCEQCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorfenapyr Chemical compound BrC1=C(C(F)(F)F)N(COCC)C(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)=C1C#N CWFOCCVIPCEQCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RLQJEEJISHYWON-UHFFFAOYSA-N flonicamid Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=NC=C1C(=O)NCC#N RLQJEEJISHYWON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- DWFZBUWUXWZWKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridaben Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1CSC1=C(Cl)C(=O)N(C(C)(C)C)N=C1 DWFZBUWUXWZWKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004562 water dispersible granule Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004563 wettable powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- NCYVXEGFNDZQCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N nikethamide Chemical compound CCN(CC)C(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 NCYVXEGFNDZQCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004495 emulsifiable concentrate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 28
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 26
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 241000437063 Phyllotreta striolata Species 0.000 description 12
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 12
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 9
- 230000000749 insecticidal effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000011299 Brassica oleracea var botrytis Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 240000003259 Brassica oleracea var. botrytis Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000219193 Brassicaceae Species 0.000 description 4
- 102000018997 Growth Hormone Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108010051696 Growth Hormone Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 239000000122 growth hormone Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000012041 food component Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000007124 Brassica oleracea Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000003899 Brassica oleracea var acephala Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011301 Brassica oleracea var capitata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000017647 Brassica oleracea var italica Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000001169 Brassica oleracea var oleracea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000010149 Brassica rapa subsp chinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000000536 Brassica rapa subsp pekinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000499436 Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000982105 Brevicoryne brassicae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000255969 Pieris brassicae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000220259 Raphanus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000006140 Raphanus sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019508 mustard seed Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000361 pesticidal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical group CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000902876 Alticini Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001124076 Aphididae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000193388 Bacillus thuringiensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010059866 Drug resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 231100000674 Phytotoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940097012 bacillus thuringiensis Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DUEPRVBVGDRKAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbofuran Chemical compound CNC(=O)OC1=CC=CC2=C1OC(C)(C)C2 DUEPRVBVGDRKAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000034994 death Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008157 edible vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017074 necrotic cell death Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system
- A01N37/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system having at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same aromatic ring system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/56—1,2-Diazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2-diazoles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/58—1,2-Diazines; Hydrogenated 1,2-diazines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having a double or triple bond to nitrogen, e.g. cyanates, cyanamides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N51/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds having the sequences of atoms O—N—S, X—O—S, N—N—S, O—N—N or O-halogen, regardless of the number of bonds each atom has and with no atom of these sequences forming part of a heterocyclic ring
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P21/00—Plant growth regulators
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P7/00—Arthropodicides
- A01P7/04—Insecticides
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a pelleted seed which comprises a seed, wherein the outer surface of the seed is sequentially coated with pelleting powder, an insecticide and pelleting powder, and the pelleting powder comprises salicylic acid. The seeds are wrapped by adding a proper amount of pesticide and mixing with a proper amount of pelleting powder, so that the prepared pelleting seeds have moderate addition of the pesticide, and the influence of insect pests is favorably eliminated in the seed germination and seedling growth stages; meanwhile, the pelleting powder with proper weight is added for packaging, so that the packaged medicament is compact and does not fall off, the insect damage of each crop can be further prevented and treated, and the difficulty and the times of preventing the insect damage of the seedling in the later stage are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural chemistry, in particular to pelleted seeds and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Cruciferae is a main oil crop and vegetable crop in China, wherein the planting area of rape is more than 1 hundred million acres, and rapeseed oil accounts for more than 50% of the oil yield of the domestic oil crop and is the first source of domestic edible oil; the planting area of the cruciferous vegetables is close to half of the total planting area of the vegetables. Cruciferae seeds are generally small, the thousand seed weight is mostly 1-4g, the main planting modes are manual hole sowing, broadcast sowing, mechanical drilling and seedling transplanting, the problems of large seed consumption, labor consumption and the like exist, and the cruciferae seeds are difficult to adapt to the requirement of accurate quantitative sowing in modern agriculture.
The cruciferous crops are particularly easy to cause various insect pests, such as phyllotreta striolata larvae which damage root barks or bite root hairs of seedlings of the cruciferous crops to wither the seedlings, and adults bite cotyledons or bite growth points of the seedlings to cause death of the whole plants, so that large-area ridge-lacking and seedling breaking phenomena can be caused by both the seedlings and the seedlings, and the normal production of the cruciferous crops is seriously influenced; and other pests mainly gnaw plant leaves to influence the commodity value of the cruciferous vegetables. The traditional pesticide spraying pest control has a series of problems of short duration, multiple pesticide application times, large workload and the like, and the conventional seed coating has the defects of small drug loading, difficulty in long-time pest control, overhigh drug loading, easy generation of pesticide damage, easy falling of a coating drug film, high risk to operators and the like. Moreover, the drug resistance of pests is enhanced and the control is increasingly difficult due to long-term single application of the pesticide, so that the situation that seedlings of cruciferous crops are damaged is increasingly severe.
At present, the method for preventing and controlling insect pests adopts a seed coating method, and the conventional seed coating causes the dosage to be increased and the medicament cannot be completely coated on the seeds due to the limited surface area of the seeds, thereby causing medicament waste and environmental pollution. In addition, the actual drug-loading capacity of the seeds is limited due to factors such as low content of effective components of the seed treatment agent, easy falling of drug films and the like, and the conventional seed coating can not well radically treat insect pests and has influence on the emergence rate of the seeds.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pelleted seed, a preparation method and application thereof, and aims to solve the problem that the pelleted seed in the prior art is lack of special pest control.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a pelleted seed comprises a seed, wherein the outer surface of the seed is sequentially coated with pelleting powder, insecticide and pelleting powder, and the pelleting powder comprises salicylic acid.
And, a method of preparing pelleted seeds comprising the steps of:
selecting seeds;
adding the pelleting powder into the seeds, standing for 30-90s, adding the pelleting powder again, standing, and repeating the operation for 4-26 times; adding the insecticide for mixing treatment 2-6 times before the operation is finished;
after all the pelletized powder is added, operating for 3-5 min; screening and drying to obtain the pelleted seeds.
And the application of the pelletized seed for preventing and controlling the insect pest of the crop in the seedling stage.
The pelleted seed provided by the invention comprises a seed, and the outer surface of the seed is sequentially coated with pelleting powder, an insecticide and pelleting powder, wherein the pelleting powder is used for coating the seed firstly, and is a plurality of nutritional components, so that the germination of the seed and the growth of a plant seedling can be promoted on one hand, the pelleting powder comprises salicylic acid which is used as a growth hormone, and the expression of insecticidal protein in a plant body can be stimulated, and the germination of the seed and the growth of the seedling can be promoted; on the other hand, the direct contact of the insecticide and the seeds is isolated, so that the influence on the germination of the seeds after the direct contact of the insecticide and the seeds is avoided; coating the pelletized powder with pesticide, wherein the pesticide is added to mainly kill insect pests; and then the coated pelletized powder is coated, so that the coated pesticide can be tightly coated and cannot fall off, the coated pesticide can be better ensured to act on seeds, the insect damage of each crop is prevented and controlled, and the difficulty and the frequency of preventing the insect damage in the later stage of the seedling are reduced. The preparation method of the pelleted seed has simple process, and is characterized in that the pelleted powder is coated firstly and then the insecticide is coated and then the pelleted powder is coated, so that the insecticide is uniformly coated in the middle of the pelleted layer, the contact between the insecticide and the seed is avoided, the insecticide is guaranteed to be compact and not fall off, meanwhile, the insecticide is guaranteed not to be in contact with the seed, the insect damage can be effectively prevented and controlled, and the normal germination of the seed is not influenced. The method is convenient and practical and has wide application range.
The pelletized seed is applied to controlling insect pests in a seedling stage of crops, so that the seeds can germinate, and the difficulty and the times of preventing the insect pests in the later stage of the seedlings are reduced.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and technical effects of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any inventive step in connection with the embodiments of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "first", "second" and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
The invention provides a pelleted seed, which comprises a seed, wherein the outer surface of the seed is sequentially coated with pelleting powder, pesticide and pelleting powder, and the pelleting powder comprises salicylic acid; the method comprises the following steps of coating seeds by adopting pelleting powder, wherein the pelleting powder is a plurality of nutritional components and can promote the germination of the seeds and the growth of plant seedlings on the one hand, and the pelleting powder comprises salicylic acid which is used as a growth hormone and can stimulate the expression of insecticidal protein in plants and promote the germination of the seeds and the growth of the seedlings; on the other hand, the direct contact of the pesticide and the seeds is isolated, so that the influence on the germination of the seeds after the direct contact of the pesticide and the seeds is avoided; coating the pelletized powder with pesticide, wherein the pesticide is added to mainly kill insect pests; and then the pelletized powder is coated, so that the coated pesticide can be tightly coated and cannot fall off, the coated pesticide can be further better ensured to act on seeds, the insect damage of each crop is prevented, and the difficulty and the times of preventing the insect damage in the later period of the seedling are reduced.
Specifically, the pelletized powder comprises salicylic acid; salicylic acid, as a growth hormone, can stimulate the expression of insecticidal proteins in plants, promote the germination of seeds and the growth of seedlings, and promote the germination of seeds and the growth of plants.
Preferably, the pelleting powder comprises growth stimulin, medium trace elements and other nutrient substances, and the nutrient substances are beneficial to seed germination and seedling growth, so that seedlings are uniform and strong, and the quality of the seedlings is improved.
Preferably, the pesticide is one or more of dinotefuran, thiamethoxam, clothianidin, flonicamid, chlorantraniliprole, pyridaben, acetamiprid, chlorfenapyr or bacillus thuringiensis pesticides.
The pesticide is wrapped in the middle of the pelleting layer to avoid the contact of the pesticide and the seeds, so that the pelleting seeds are not stimulated by the pesticide, the insecticidal effect can be efficiently exerted in a low amount, and the seed germination and seedling growth can be promoted.
Preferably, the pelleted seed further comprises a binder, the binder being added primarily to allow the pelleted powder and insecticide to better bind to the seed for encapsulation; preferably, the ratio of the addition amount of the binder to the addition amount of the granulated powder is 1: (1.0-1.2); if the amount of the additive is too small or too large, the coating effect is affected, and the use of the pelletized seeds is affected. Further preferably, the binder is selected from sodium alginate.
Preferably, the ratio of the added weight of the seeds, the pesticide and the granulated powder is 1: (0.002-0.028): (1.5 to 7). If the addition amount of the insecticide is too small, a good insecticidal effect cannot be achieved, and the insecticidal effect can be influenced; if the addition amount of the pesticide is too large, the environment pollution is wasted, and the characteristics of soil are affected by the addition of the pesticide in an excessive amount.
Further preferably, the ratio of the added weight of the seeds to the added weight of the insecticide is 1: (0.008-0.016). The selection of the pesticide with the additive amount can ensure better pesticidal effect, simultaneously can not influence the germination of seeds and the growth of seedlings, and can not correspondingly influence the soil characteristics.
Preferably, the pesticide is in the form of original pesticide, missible oil, water dispersible granules, wettable powder, suspending agent, seed treatment emulsion, suspension seed coating agent or seed treatment suspending agent. The pesticide is mainly coated by the pelletized powder, and further coated to obtain pelletized seeds; the insecticide of different dosage forms can be coated, and the action effect is not influenced.
Preferably, the seeds are crucifer crop seeds; preferably, the seeds include rape seeds, mustard seeds, cabbage seeds, cauliflower seeds, broccoli seeds, chinese cabbage seeds, radish seeds. In the growth process of cruciferous crops, pests are easy to breed, such as aphids (cabbage aphids are commonly called mealworms), cabbage caterpillars (cabbage butterfly larvae), cabbage aphids, phyllotreta striolata and the like, most of the pests can affect the crops in the seedling stage, and serious pests can cause the necrosis of the whole plant and affect the seeding. Therefore, the seeds of the cruciferous crops are subjected to pelleting treatment, so that the germination of the seeds and the growth of seedlings can be promoted.
The pelletized seed provided by the invention is characterized in that the core material of the pelletized seed is the seed, and the outer surface of the seed is sequentially coated with pelletized powder, pesticide and pelletized powder, wherein the pelletized powder is firstly used for coating the seed, and the pelletized powder is multiple nutritional components, so that on one hand, the seed germination and the plant seedling growth can be promoted, wherein the pelletized powder comprises salicylic acid which is used as a growth hormone, and the pelletized seed can stimulate the expression of insecticidal protein in a plant body and can promote the seed germination and the seedling growth; on the other hand, the direct contact of the insecticide and the seeds is isolated, so that the influence on the germination of the seeds after the direct contact of the insecticide and the seeds is avoided; coating the pelletized powder with pesticide to kill pests; and then the coated pelletized powder is coated, so that the coated pesticide can be tightly coated and cannot fall off, the coated pesticide can be better ensured to act on seeds, the insect damage of each crop is prevented and controlled, and the difficulty and the frequency of preventing the insect damage in the later stage of the seedling are reduced. The above pelletized seeds were prepared by the following method.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method of the pelleted seed. The method comprises the following steps:
s01, selecting seeds;
s02, adding the pelleting powder into the seeds, standing for 30-90s, then adding the pelleting powder again, standing, and repeating the operation for 4-26 times; adding the insecticide for mixing treatment 2-6 times before the operation is finished;
s03, running for 3-5min after all the pelletized powder is added; screening and drying to obtain the pelleted seeds.
Specifically, in step S01, the seeds are selected from brassicaceae crop seeds, including rape seeds, mustard seeds, cabbage seeds, cauliflower seeds, broccoli seeds, chinese cabbage seeds, and radish seeds. Preferably, the seeds are of consistent size and are full.
Specifically, in the step S02, adding the granulated powder into the seeds, standing for 30 to 90 seconds, then adding the granulated powder again, standing, and repeating the above operations for 4 to 26 times; adding the insecticide for mixing treatment 2-6 times before the operation is finished.
Preferably, the pelletization machine used is of the type Niklas W.N.5-01, Germany. And putting the seeds into a started pelleting machine, adding pelleting powder, standing for 30-90s after the pelleting powder is completely adhered to the surface layer of the seeds.
Preferably, the ratio of the weight of the granulated powder added at a time to the weight of the seeds is (1-1.1): 4. if the addition amount is excessive, the coating effect is poor and the coating is not uniform; if the addition amount is too small, the wrapping effect is poor and wrapping is incomplete.
Specifically, the insecticide is added and mixed 2 to 6 times before the end of the above operation. The insecticide is added in the later stage of pelleting to avoid direct contact between the insecticide and the seeds and reduce the possibility of generating phytotoxicity to the seeds. Meanwhile, the pesticide is added 2-6 times before the pelletization is finished, so that the pesticide can be wrapped tightly, and the pesticide is wrapped on the outer layer, so that the effect can be better exerted.
Preferably, the pelleted seed further comprises a binder, and the binder is mixed with the pelleted powder for addition during the preparation process, and further preferably, the addition mass ratio of the binder to the pelleted powder is 1: 1.
Specifically, in the step S03, after all the pelletized powder is added, the operation is performed for 3 to 5 min; screening and drying to obtain the pelleted seeds.
Preferably, the pelleted seeds are screened to remove residual powder that is not pelleted and reject pelleted seeds, resulting in acceptable pelleted seeds.
Preferably, in the drying step, the drying method is selected from natural air drying in a room or drying at 30-50 ℃ for 20-60 minutes.
Preferably, the prepared pelletized seeds are stored in a dry place or placed in a low-temperature freezer for storage at 0-8 ℃, so that the seeds are prevented from sprouting in advance.
The preparation method of the pelletized seed has simple process, and the pelletized seed is coated with the pelletized powder, then coated with the insecticide and then coated with the pelletized powder, so that the insecticide is ensured to be compact and not to fall off, and meanwhile, the insecticide is ensured not to contact with the seed to influence the germination of the seed. The method is convenient and practical and has wide application range.
The invention also provides application of the pelleted seeds in controlling insect pests in the seedling stage of crops. The application of the pelleted seeds ensures that the seeds can germinate and reduces the difficulty and the frequency of preventing the insect pests at the later stage of the seedlings.
The following is a further description of specific embodiments.
Example 1
Selecting 100g of rape seeds (medium oil 821);
the seeds were placed in a started pelleting machine (Niklas w.n.5-01, germany) and 25g of pelleting powder (150 g total weight of pelleting powder) were added after spraying a small amount of liquid binder; after the pelleting powder is completely adhered to the surface layer of the seeds, adding the adhesive and 25g of the pelleting powder again at intervals of 30-90s, repeating the operation for 4 times, and adding 2.667g of 60% clothianidin water dispersible granules (1600g/100kg of seeds) at the time of the last 2 times.
After all the pelletized powder is added, the pelletizing machine is continuously operated for 3-5 min. And after the granulation is finished, pouring the pelletized seeds into a mesh screen, and screening out residual powder which is not pelletized and unqualified pelletized seeds to obtain qualified pelletized seeds. Drying the pelletized seeds in a drying device at 35 ℃ for 20min, packaging the dried seeds by a self-sealing bag, and storing the packaged seeds in a dry place for later use.
Example 2
Selecting 100g of rape seeds (medium oil 821);
the seeds were placed in a started pelleting machine (Niklas w.n.5-01, germany) and 25g of pelleting powder (200 g total weight of pelleting powder) were added after spraying a small amount of liquid binder; after the pelleted powder completely adhered to the surface layer of the seeds and the interval of 30-90s, the adhesive and 25g of the pelleted powder are added again, the operation is repeated for 6 times, and 16g of 10% flonicamid suspending agent (1600g per 100kg of seeds) is added at the time of the last 2 times.
After all the pelletized powder is added, the pelletizing machine is continuously operated for 3-5 min. And after the granulation is finished, pouring the pelletized seeds into a mesh screen, and screening out residual powder which is not pelletized and unqualified pelletized seeds to obtain qualified pelletized seeds. Drying the pelletized seeds in a drying device at 35 ℃ for 25min, packaging the dried seeds by a self-sealing bag, and storing the seeds in a dry place for later use.
Example 3
Selecting 100g of rape seeds (medium oil 821);
the seeds were placed in a started pelleting machine (Niklas w.n.5-01, germany) and 25g of pelleting powder (300 g total weight of pelleting powder) were added after spraying a small amount of liquid binder; after the pelleted powder completely adhered to the surface layer of the seeds and the interval of 30-90s, the adhesive and 25g of the pelleted powder were added again, the above operation was repeated 10 times, and 24g of 5% chlorantraniliprole suspension (1200g/100kg of seeds) was added at the time of the last 3 times.
After all the pelletized powder is added, the pelletizing machine is continuously operated for 3-5 min. And after the granulation is finished, pouring the pelletized seeds into a mesh screen, and screening out residual powder which is not pelletized and unqualified pelletized seeds to obtain qualified pelletized seeds. Drying the pelletized seeds in a drying device at 35 ℃ for 30min, packaging the dried seeds by a self-sealing bag, and storing the seeds in a dry place for later use.
Example 4
Selecting 100g of rape seeds (medium oil 821);
the seeds were placed in a started pelleting machine (Niklas w.n.5-01, germany) and 25g of pelleting powder (500 g total weight of pelleting powder) were added after spraying a small amount of liquid binder; when the pelleted powder is completely adhered to the surface layer of the seeds, the adhesive and 25g of the pelleted powder are added again after the interval of 30-90s, the operation is repeated for 18 times, and 8g of 15% pyridaben emulsifiable solution (1200g/100kg of seeds) is added at the 4 th time.
After all the pelletized powder is added, the pelletizing machine is continuously operated for 3-5 min. After the pelletization is finished, the pelleted seeds are poured into a mesh screen, and residual powder which is not pelleted and unqualified pelleted seeds are screened out to obtain qualified pelleted seeds. Drying the pelletized seeds in a drying device at 35 ℃ for 40min, packaging the dried seeds by a self-sealing bag, and storing the seeds in a dry place for later use.
Example 5
Selecting 100g of rape seeds (medium oil 821);
the seeds were placed in a started pelleting machine (Niklas w.n.5-01, germany) and 25g of pelleting powder (550 g total weight of pelleting powder) were added after spraying a small amount of liquid binder; after the pelleted powder is completely adhered to the surface layer of the seed, the adhesive and 25g of the pelleted powder are added again after the interval of 30-90s, the operation is repeated for 20 times, and 24g of 5% acetamiprid missible oil (1200g/100kg of seed) is added at the 4 th last time.
After all the pelletized powder is added, the pelletizing machine is continuously operated for 3-5 min. And after the granulation is finished, pouring the pelletized seeds into a mesh screen, and screening out residual powder which is not pelletized and unqualified pelletized seeds to obtain qualified pelletized seeds. Drying the pelletized seeds in a drying device at 35 ℃ for 40min, packaging the dried seeds by a self-sealing bag, and storing the seeds in a dry place for later use.
Example 6
Selecting 100g of rape seeds (medium oil 821);
the seeds were placed in a started pelleting machine (Niklas W.N.5-01, Germany) and 25g of pelleting powder (600 g total weight of pelleting powder) were added after spraying a small amount of liquid binder; after the pelleting powder is completely adhered to the surface layer of the seeds, adding the adhesive and 25g of the pelleting powder again at intervals of 30-90s, repeating the operation for 22 times, and adding 1.225g of 98% chlorfenapyr technical product (1200g/100kg of seeds) at the 6 last time.
After all the pelletized powder is added, the pelletizing machine is continuously operated for 3-5 min. And after the granulation is finished, pouring the pelletized seeds into a mesh screen, and screening out residual powder which is not pelletized and unqualified pelletized seeds to obtain qualified pelletized seeds. Drying the pelletized seeds in a drying device at 35 ℃ for 60min, packaging the dried seeds by a self-sealing bag, and storing the packaged seeds in a dry place for later use.
Example 7
Selecting 100g of rape seeds (medium oil 821);
the seeds were placed in an activated pelletiser (Niklas w.n.5-01, germany) and 25g of pelletised powder (700 g total pelletised powder) were added after spraying a small amount of liquid binder; after the pelleted powder completely adhered to the surface layer of the seeds and the interval of 30-90s, the adhesive and 25g of the pelleted powder are added again, the operation is repeated for 26 times, and 1.5625g of 32000IU/mg Bt wettable powder (1000g/100kg of seeds) is added at the 6 th time.
After all the pelletized powder is added, the pelletizing machine is continuously operated for 3-5 min. And after the granulation is finished, pouring the pelletized seeds into a mesh screen, and screening out residual powder which is not pelletized and unqualified pelletized seeds to obtain qualified pelletized seeds. Drying the pelletized seeds in a drying device at 35 ℃ for 60min, packaging the dried seeds by a self-sealing bag, and storing the packaged seeds in a dry place for later use.
Example 8
Selecting 200g of rape seeds (Qingza No. 5);
the seeds were placed in a started pelleting machine (Niklas w.n.5-01, germany) and 25g of pelleting powder (800g total weight of pelleting powder) were added after spraying a small amount of liquid binder; after the pelletized powder completely adhered to the surface of the seeds and the interval of 30-90s, the binder and 50g of the pelletized powder were added again, and the above operation was repeated 14 times, and 8g of 20% dinotefuran suspending agent (800g/100kg of seeds) was added at the time of the last 3 times.
After all the pelletized powder is added, the pelletizing machine is continuously operated for 3-5 min. After the pelletization is finished, the pelleted seeds are poured into a mesh screen, and residual powder which is not pelleted and unqualified pelleted seeds are screened out to obtain qualified pelleted seeds. Drying the pelletized seeds in a drying device at 35 ℃ for 35min, packaging the dried seeds by a self-sealing bag, and storing the seeds in a dry place for later use.
Example 9
Selecting 200g of rape seeds (Qingza No. 5);
the seeds were placed in an activated pelletiser (Niklas w.n.5-01, germany) and 25g of pelletised powder (800g total pelletised powder) were added after spraying a small amount of liquid binder; after the pelletized powder completely adhered to the surface of the seeds and the interval of 30-90s, the binder and 50g of the pelletized powder were added again, and the above operation was repeated 14 times, and 12g of 20% dinotefuran suspending agent (1200g/100kg of seeds) was added at the time of the last 3 times.
After all the pelletized powder is added, the pelletizing machine is continuously operated for 3-5 min. And after the granulation is finished, pouring the pelletized seeds into a mesh screen, and screening out residual powder which is not pelletized and unqualified pelletized seeds to obtain qualified pelletized seeds. Drying the pelletized seeds in a drying device at 35 ℃ for 35min, packaging the dried seeds by a self-sealing bag, and storing the packaged seeds in a dry place for later use.
Example 10
Selecting 200g of rape seeds (Qingza No. 5);
the seeds were placed in an activated pelletiser (Niklas w.n.5-01, germany) and 25g of pelletised powder (800g total pelletised powder) were added after spraying a small amount of liquid binder; after the pelletized powder completely adhered to the surface layer of the seeds and the interval of 30-90s, the binder and 50g of the pelletized powder were added again, and the above operation was repeated 14 times, and 16g of 20% dinotefuran suspending agent (1600g/100kg of seeds) was added at the time of the last 3 times.
After all the pelletized powder is added, the pelletizing machine is continuously operated for 3-5 min. And after the granulation is finished, pouring the pelletized seeds into a mesh screen, and screening out residual powder which is not pelletized and unqualified pelletized seeds to obtain qualified pelletized seeds. Drying the pelletized seeds in a drying device at 35 ℃ for 35min, packaging the dried seeds by a self-sealing bag, and storing the packaged seeds in a dry place for later use.
Example 11
Selecting 80g of rape seeds (sunshine 131);
the seeds were placed in an activated pelletiser (Niklas w.n.5-01, germany) and after spraying a small amount of liquid binder 20g of pelletised powder (200 g total pelletised powder) were added; after the pelleted powder completely adhered to the surface layer of the seeds and the interval of 30-90s, the adhesive and 20g of the pelleted powder are added again, the operation is repeated for 8 times, and 1.8286g of 35% thiamethoxam suspension seed coating agent (800g per 100kg of seeds) is added at the time of the last 2 times.
After all the pelletized powder is added, the pelletizing machine is continuously operated for 3-5 min. And after the granulation is finished, pouring the pelletized seeds into a mesh screen, and screening out residual powder which is not pelletized and unqualified pelletized seeds to obtain qualified pelletized seeds. Drying the pelletized seeds in a drying device at 35 ℃ for 25min, packaging the dried seeds by a self-sealing bag, and storing the seeds in a dry place for later use.
Example 12
80g of rape seeds (sunshine 131) are selected;
the seeds were placed in a started pelleting machine (Niklas w.n.5-01, germany) and after spraying a small amount of liquid binder, 20g of pelleting powder (200 g total weight of pelleting powder) were added; after the pelleting powder is completely adhered to the surface layer of the seeds, adding the adhesive and 20g of the pelleting powder again at intervals of 30-90s, repeating the operation for 8 times, and adding 2.743g of 35% thiamethoxam suspension seed coating agent (1200g/100kg of seeds) at the time of the last 2 times.
After all the pelletized powder is added, the pelletizing machine is continuously operated for 3-5 min. And after the granulation is finished, pouring the pelletized seeds into a mesh screen, and screening out residual powder which is not pelletized and unqualified pelletized seeds to obtain qualified pelletized seeds. Drying the pelletized seeds in a drying device at 35 ℃ for 25min, packaging the dried seeds by a self-sealing bag, and storing the packaged seeds in a dry place for later use.
Example 13
Selecting 80g of rape seeds (sunshine 131);
the seeds were placed in a started pelleting machine (Niklas w.n.5-01, germany) and after spraying a small amount of liquid binder, 20g of pelleting powder (200 g total weight of pelleting powder) were added; after the pelleted powder completely adhered to the surface layer of the seeds, the adhesive and 20g of the pelleted powder were added again at intervals of 30-90s, the above operation was repeated 8 times, and 3.657g of 35% thiamethoxam suspension seed coating agent (1600g per 100kg of seeds) was added at the time of the last 2 times.
After all the pelletized powder is added, the pelletizing machine is continuously operated for 3-5 min. And after the granulation is finished, pouring the pelletized seeds into a mesh screen, and screening out residual powder which is not pelletized and unqualified pelletized seeds to obtain qualified pelletized seeds. Drying the pelletized seeds in a drying device at 35 ℃ for 25min, packaging the dried seeds by a self-sealing bag, and storing the seeds in a dry place for later use.
Example 14
Selecting 80g of rape seeds (sunshine 131);
the seeds were placed in a started pelleting machine (Niklas w.n.5-01, germany) and after spraying a small amount of liquid binder, 20g of pelleting powder (200 g total weight of pelleting powder) were added; after the pelletized powder is completely adhered to the surface layer of the seeds, adding the adhesive and 20g of the pelletized powder again at intervals of 30-90s, repeating the operation for 8 times, and adding 0.646g of 99.1% dinotefuran raw drug (800g per 100kg of seeds) at the time of the last 2 times.
After all the pelletized powder is added, the pelletizing machine is continuously operated for 3-5 min. And after the granulation is finished, pouring the pelletized seeds into a mesh screen, and screening out residual powder which is not pelletized and unqualified pelletized seeds to obtain qualified pelletized seeds. Drying the pelletized seeds in a drying device at 35 ℃ for 25min, packaging the dried seeds by a self-sealing bag, and storing the packaged seeds in a dry place for later use.
Example 15
Selecting 80g of rape seeds (sunshine 131);
the seeds were placed in a started pelleting machine (Niklas w.n.5-01, germany) and after spraying a small amount of liquid binder, 20g of pelleting powder (200 g total weight of pelleting powder) were added; after the pelleting powder is completely adhered to the surface layer of the seeds and the interval is 30-90s, the adhesive and 20g of the pelleting powder are added again, the operation is repeated for 8 times, and 0.969g of 99.1 percent dinotefuran technical (1200g/100kg of seeds) is added at the time of the last 2 times.
After all the pelletized powder is added, the pelletizing machine is continuously operated for 3-5 min. And after the granulation is finished, pouring the pelletized seeds into a mesh screen, and screening out residual powder which is not pelletized and unqualified pelletized seeds to obtain qualified pelletized seeds. Drying the pelletized seeds in a drying device at 35 ℃ for 25min, packaging the dried seeds by a self-sealing bag, and storing the seeds in a dry place for later use.
Example 16
Selecting 80g of rape seeds (sunshine 131);
the seeds were placed in a started pelleting machine (Niklas w.n.5-01, germany) and after spraying a small amount of liquid binder, 20g of pelleting powder (200 g total weight of pelleting powder) were added; after the pelleting powder is completely adhered to the surface layer of the seeds and the interval is 30-90s, the adhesive and 20g of the pelleting powder are added again, the operation is repeated for 8 times, and 1.292g of 99.1 percent dinotefuran technical (1600g/100kg of seeds) is added at the time of the last 2 times.
After all the pelletized powder is added, the pelletizing machine is continuously operated for 3-5 min. And after the granulation is finished, pouring the pelletized seeds into a mesh screen, and screening out residual powder which is not pelletized and unqualified pelletized seeds to obtain qualified pelletized seeds. Drying the pelletized seeds in a drying device at 35 ℃ for 25min, packaging the dried seeds by a self-sealing bag, and storing the packaged seeds in a dry place for later use.
Next, a seed germination rate test and a field test for controlling phyllotreta striolata are performed on the pelletized seeds prepared in the 16 examples.
The pelleted rape seeds prepared in examples 1-7 were germinated and their germination rates were determined for seedling quality:
the test steps are as follows: 2 layers of sterile paper with quick water absorption are placed in the germination boxes to serve as a germination bed, 100 seeds are placed in each germination box, each treatment is repeated for 3 times, and the test environment is constant temperature of 25 ℃ and illumination for 12 hours. And ensuring proper and continuous moisture in the whole test period, and counting the germination rate on the 7 th day.
And (3) test results: as is clear from Table 1, the pelleted seed prepared in example 1 had a germination percentage of 98.5% and a fresh weight of 113.1mg per seedling; the germination rate of the pelleted seeds prepared in example 2 was 96.3%, and the fresh weight of each seedling was 100.0 mg; the germination rate of the pelleted seeds prepared in example 3 was 97.1%, and the fresh weight of each seedling was 101.0 mg; the germination rate of the pelleted seeds prepared in example 4 was 95.7%, and the fresh weight of each seedling was 111.5 mg; the germination rate of the pelleted seeds prepared in example 5 was 93.9%, and the fresh weight of each seedling was 104.3 mg; the germination rate of the pelleted seeds prepared in example 6 was 92.7%, and the fresh weight of the individual seedlings was 102.6 mg; the germination rate of the pelleted seeds prepared in example 7 was 93.1%, and the fresh weight of the individual seedlings was 113.4 mg; the germination rate of the seeds of the naked seeds is 92.1 percent, and the fresh weight of the single seedling is 75.7 mg.
It can be found that: after pelleting treatment, the germination rate and the seedling quality of the rape seeds are improved compared with a control, the germination rate is improved within the range of 0.65-6.95%, the fresh weight of a single seedling is averagely increased by 40.76%, and the seedling quality is obviously enhanced. And proves that each medicament (the effective component dosage is 1200-1600g/100kg of seeds) is safe to the emergence of the rape seeds and the growth of seedlings in the dosage range through the pelleting treatment.
TABLE 1
Note that CK is uncoated naked seeds, the same is applied below.
The pelletized seeds prepared in examples 8 to 10 were subjected to a field efficacy test at a te nehe agricultural reclamation test station of reoebel city, inner mongolia in 2018, and the insect pest control effect was measured:
the test steps are as follows: the pelleted seeds, the naked seeds and the conventionally coated seeds (70% thiamethoxam seed treatment dispersible powder in local conventional coating, using a dose of 1200g/100kg of seeds) prepared in examples 8-10 were mechanically drilled and sown in 2018 on day 5, month 14 and day 15 2 Per treatment, per treatmentRepeat 4 times. The sowing amount is 500g seeds/mu, and data are investigated 23 days after sowing.
And (3) test results: as can be seen from table 2, the leaf damage index after the naked seed sowing is 64.26%, the adult fall rate after the seed sowing of the conventional steamed stuffed bun is 6.59%, and the leaf damage index is 53.47%; after the pelleted seed prepared in example 8 was sown, the adult mortality was 21.98% and the leaf damage index was 31.54%; after the pelleted seeds prepared in example 9 were sown, the adult reduction rate was 41.76%, and the leaf damage index was 13.43%; after the pelleted seeds prepared in example 10 were sown, the adult reduction rate was 48.35% and the leaf damage index was 12.84%.
TABLE 2
Note that the amount of the conventional coating insecticide is the amount of the preparation, and the amount of the insecticide in the examples is the amount of the active ingredient.
The number of phyllotreta striolata and leaf damage index of all rape seeds subjected to dinotefuran pelleting treatment are lower than those of conventional coating treatment and naked seed CK at the rape seedling stage, and test results show that the control effect of the dinotefuran pelleting treatment on phyllotreta striolata is better than that of the conventional coating treatment; and with the increase of the dose of the dinotefuran pelleting treatment, the number of field phyllotreta striolata is gradually reduced, and the leaf damage index of rape seedlings is gradually reduced, which shows that the control effect of the dinotefuran pelleting on the phyllotreta striolata in the rape seedling stage is obviously enhanced with the increase of the dose. And the pelletized rape seeds are adopted, and the pesticide is used for 1 time during sowing, so that the occurrence of the phyllotreta striolata in the whole seedling stage of the rape can be controlled.
The pelletized seeds prepared in examples 11 to 16 were subjected to a field efficacy test in 2019 in Damaying town of Shandan county, Zhangye, Gansu province
The testing steps are as follows: seeding was carried out 24 days 4 months in 2019, and the pelletized seeds, the naked seeds and the conventional coatings (35% furadan seed treatment agent, 250g/100kg seeds) prepared in examples 11 to 16 were manually sown in the area of a small area10m 2 Each treatment was repeated 4 times. The sowing amount is 2kg seeds/mu, and data are investigated 34 days after sowing.
As can be seen from table 3, the pesticidal agents thiamethoxam were added to the pelletized seeds prepared in examples 11 to 13, wherein the damage index of the leaves after sowing of the pelletized seeds prepared in example 11 was 1.18, the damage index of the leaves after sowing of the pelletized seeds prepared in example 12 was 1.00, and the damage index of the leaves after sowing of the pelletized seeds prepared in example 13 was 0.75; the pelletized seeds prepared in examples 14 to 16 were added with thiamethoxam, wherein the damage index of the leaves after sowing of the pelletized seeds prepared in example 14 was 0.74, the damage index of the leaves after sowing of the pelletized seeds prepared in example 15 was 0.76, and the damage index of the leaves after sowing of the pelletized seeds prepared in example 16 was 0.36; while the damage index of the leaves after the naked seed sowing was 11.23, the damage index of the leaves after the conventional coated seeds were sown was 9.37. The leaf damage index of rape seedlings of all the rape seeds treated by the thiamethoxam and dinotefuran pills is obviously lower than that of the conventional coating, which shows that the control effect of the granulated thiamethoxam and dinotefuran pills on phyllotreta striolata is obviously better than that of the conventional coating treatment; the leaf damage index of rape seedlings treated by high-dose dinotefuran and thiamethoxam pelleting is obviously reduced and is obviously lower than that of CK seedlings. Different dose treatments of dinotefuran and thiamethoxam also showed a trend of decreasing leaf damage index with increasing dose. And the pelletized rape seeds are adopted, and the pesticide is used for 1 time during sowing, so that the occurrence of the phyllotreta striolata in the whole seedling stage of the rape can be controlled.
TABLE 3
Note that the amount of the conventional coating insecticide is the amount of the preparation, and the amount of the insecticide in the examples is the amount of the active ingredient.
The field efficacy test results of both Hulunbel and Zhangye show that the invention can effectively prevent and treat the occurrence of the hazard of the yellow striped flea beetle in the seedling stage of rape by increasing the drug-loading rate through seed pelleting, and the prevention effect on the yellow striped flea beetle in the seedling stage of rape is obviously better than that of the conventional coating treatment; proper agents are required to be selected for preventing and treating the flea beetles in different regions, the later period of the factors such as agent cost, environmental protection and the like is provided with 1200g/100kg of seed dosage, and in addition, the proper addition amount of pelleting powder is selected according to the size of rape seeds for pelleting treatment so as to be beneficial to mechanical sowing.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method of preparing pelleted seeds comprising the steps of:
selecting rape seeds;
adding the pelleting powder into the seeds, standing for 30-90s, adding the pelleting powder again, standing, and repeating the operation for 4-26 times; adding the insecticide for mixing treatment 2-6 times before the operation is finished;
after all the pelletized powder is added, operating for 3-5 min; screening and drying to obtain the pelleted seeds, wherein the outer surfaces of the seeds of the pelleted seeds are sequentially coated with pelleting powder, pesticide and pelleting powder, and the pelleting powder comprises salicylic acid;
in the pelleted seeds, the ratio of the added weight of the seeds, the pesticide and the pelleted powder is 1 (0.002-0.028) to 1.5-7;
and the ratio of the weight of the granulated powder added at a time to the weight of the seeds is (1-1.1): 4.
2. A process for the preparation of pelleted seed according to claim 1, wherein the insecticide is selected from one or more of dinotefuran, thiamethoxam, clothianidin, flonicamid, chlorantraniliprole, pyridaben, acetamiprid, chlorfenapyr or Bt;
the pelleted powder comprises growth stimulin and medium and trace element nutrients.
3. A process for preparing pelleted seed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the formulation of the pesticide is bulk drug, emulsifiable concentrate, water dispersible granules, wettable powder, suspension, seed treatment emulsion, suspended seed coating or seed treatment suspension.
4. The method for preparing pelleted seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step of drying, the drying method is selected from the group consisting of placing in a room for natural air drying or placing in a room for drying at 30-50 ℃ for 20-60 minutes for drying.
5. Use of pelleted seeds for controlling insect pests in the seedling stage of crops, wherein the pelleted seeds are prepared by the method for preparing pelleted seeds according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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| CN101066013A (en) * | 2007-06-01 | 2007-11-07 | 浙江省林业科学研究院 | Fluidized bed pelletizing process and special coating machine for coating tree seed |
| CN103392412B (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2016-04-13 | 山西省农业科学院高粱研究所 | A kind of pelletized method of sorghum seeds |
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