CN110708479B - 具有可见光通信功能的图像传感器以及图像感测系统 - Google Patents

具有可见光通信功能的图像传感器以及图像感测系统 Download PDF

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CN110708479B
CN110708479B CN201910603175.4A CN201910603175A CN110708479B CN 110708479 B CN110708479 B CN 110708479B CN 201910603175 A CN201910603175 A CN 201910603175A CN 110708479 B CN110708479 B CN 110708479B
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印秉宏
王佳祥
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Guangzhou Tyrafos Semiconductor Technologies Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提出一种具有可见光通信功能的图像传感器以及图像感测系统。图像传感器包括像素单元以及透镜单元。像素单元包括多个子像素单元以及可见光通信单元。多个子像素单元分布在基板的多个子像素区域。可见光通信单元设置在基板的所述多个子像素区域以外的区域。透镜单元包括多个第一微透镜单元以及第二微透镜单元。所述多个第一微透镜单元设置在基板上,以分别对应于分布在所述多个子像素区域的该些子像素单元。第二微透镜单元设置在基板上,以对应于设置在所述多个子像素区域以外的区域的可见光通信单元。本发明的图像传感器以及图像感测系统可提供图像感测功能以及可见光通信功能。

Description

具有可见光通信功能的图像传感器以及图像感测系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种传感器,尤其涉及一种具有可见光通信(Visible LightCommunication,VLC)功能的图像传感器以及图像感测系统。
背景技术
随着无线通信技术的演进,利用可见光来进行信息的传递是无线通信产业目前重要的研发方向之一。可见光通信(Visible Light Communication,VLC)技术可例如应用于光照上网、可见光点播电视业务、可见光无线广播或可见光定位等应用领域,并且具有高能源效率、低电磁波干扰以及开发新频谱的优点。然而,如何将可见光通信技术整合至当前的电子产品的现有的特定功能元件中,以增加可见光通信的可应用性是目前仍待解决的问题。因此,如何使整合有可见光通信功能的电子产品的特定功能元件除了可正常执行其既有功能,同时亦可有效且准确地感测可见光信号,以下将提出几个实施例的解决方案。
发明内容
本发明提供一种图像传感器以及图像感测系统可提供图像感测功能以及可见光通信(Visible Light Communication,VLC)功能。
本发明的具有可见光通信功能的图像传感器包括像素单元以及透镜单元。像素单元包括多个子像素单元以及可见光通信单元。多个子像素单元分布在基板的多个子像素区域。可见光通信单元设置在基板的所述多个子像素区域以外的区域。透镜单元包括多个第一微透镜单元以及第二微透镜单元。所述多个第一微透镜单元设置在基板上,以分别对应于分布在所述多个子像素区域的该些子像素单元。第二微透镜单元设置在基板上,以对应于设置在所述多个子像素区域以外的区域的可见光通信单元。
本发明的具有可见光通信功能的图像感测系统包括多个图像传感器、多个可见光通信传感器、多个第一透镜单元以及多个第二透镜单元。所述多个图像传感器分别包括像素阵列。所述多个图像传感器分布在基板的多个图像感测区域。所述多个可见光通信传感器设置在基板的所述多个图像感测区域以外的区域。所述多个第一透镜单元设置在基板上,以分别对应于分布在所述多个图像感测区域的所述多个图像传感器。所述多个第二透镜单元设置在基板上,以分别对应于设置在所述多个图像感测区域以外的区域的所述多个可见光通信传感器。
基于上述,本发明的图像传感器可整合可见光通信单元,并且本发明的图像感测系统可整合可见光通信传感器,以使本发明的图像传感器以及图像感测系统可不仅提供图像感测功能,还可提供可见光通信功能。
为让本发明的上述特征和优点能更明显易懂,下文特举实施例,并配合附图作详细说明如下。
附图说明
图1是依照本发明的一实施例的图像感测单元的示意图;
图2是依照本发明的一实施例的图像传感器的示意图;
图3是依照本发明的一实施例的可见光通信单元的电路图;
图4是依照本发明的一实施例的图像感测系统的示意图。
附图标号说明:
100:图像传感器
110:像素阵列
120_1~120_10:输入输出接垫
111:像素单元
112:透镜单元
300:可见光通信单元
400:图像感测系统
410:图像传感器
420:可见光通信传感器
C:电容
D:光电二极管
Tx:传输开关
RS:重置开关
Vout:电压输出端
VCC:系统电压
VSS:接地电压
R、G1、G2、B:子像素单元
VLC:可见光通信单元
L1~L5:微透镜单元
P、P’:基板
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的内容可以被更容易明了,以下特举实施例作为本发明确实能够据以实施的范例。另外,凡可能之处,在附图及实施方式中使用相同标号的元件/构件/步骤,代表相同或类似部件。
图1是依照本发明的一实施例的图像感测单元的示意图。参考图1,像素单元111包括多个子像素单元以及可见光通信(Visible Light Communication,VLC)单元VLC。在本实施例中,所述多个子像素单元包括红色子像素单元R、绿色子像素单元G1、G2以及蓝色子像素单元B。所述多个子像素单元分布在基板P的多个子像素区域,其中所述多个子像素区域可如图1所示的红色子像素单元R、绿色子像素单元G1、G2以及蓝色子像素单元B的位置,可见光通信单元VLC设置在基板P的所述多个子像素区域以外的区域,其中可见光通信单元VLC所设置的区域可如图1所示位于红色子像素单元R、绿色子像素单元G1、G2以及蓝色子像素单元B所形成的2×2阵列的中间位置。然而,本发明的所述多个子像素单元以及可见光通信单元VLC的分布位置不限于图1所示,并且本发明的所述多个子像素单元的像素类型也不限于上述类型。
在本实施例中,像素单元111上可设置透镜单元112。透镜单元112包括多个第一微透镜单元L1~L4以及第二微透镜单元L5。所述多个第一微透镜单元L1~L4设置在基板P上,以分别对应于分布在所述多个子像素区域的所述多个子像素单元。第二微透镜单元L5设置在基板P上,以对应于设置在所述多个子像素区域以外的区域的可见光通信单元VLC。在本实施例中,所述多个第一微透镜单元L1~L4以及第二微透镜单元L5形成在红色子像素单元R、绿色子像素单元G1、G2、蓝色子像素单元B以及可见光通信单元VLC。所述多个第一微透镜单元L1~L4以及第二微透镜单元L5分别用以汇聚光线至所述多个子像素单元以及可见光通信单元VLC中,以使所述多个子像素单元以及可见光通信单元VLC对应输出图像感测信息以及可见光通信信息。
在本实施例中,所述多个第一微透镜单元L1~L4以及第二微透镜单元L5与基板P接触的底部轮廓(俯视结果)为圆形。换言之,本实施例的可见光通信单元VLC是设置在对应于所述多个第一微透镜单元L1~L4以外的区域,以利用所述多个子像素区域以外的区域来设置可见光通信单元VLC,以使像素单元111可具有图像感测功能以及可见光通信功能。然而,本发明的所述多个第一微透镜单元L1~L4以及第二微透镜单元L5的底部轮廓的形状不限于圆形。
另外,本实施例的基板P可包括多层材料结构,例如包括金属层以及介质层等,本发明并不加以限制。本实施例的基板P当中可经半导体制程以形成所述多个子像素单元以及可见光通信单元VLC,并且可依据图像传感器的技术领域的通常知识而获致足够的教示、建议以及实施说明,因此在此不多加赘述。
图2是依照本发明的一实施例的图像传感器的示意图。参考图2,图2为图像传感器100从感测方向观之的俯视示意图。在本实施例中,图像传感器100包括像素阵列110。像素阵列110可包括阵列排列的多个如上述图1的像素单元111。并且,图像传感器100在像素阵列110周围可进一步设置多个输入输出接垫(Pad)120_1~120_10。所述多个输入输出接垫120_1~120_10用以电性连接至像素阵列110中的多个子像素单元以及多个可见光通信单元。在本实施例中,图像传感器100在图像感测期间中可通过像素阵列110中的所述多个子像素单元来感测图像,并且在可见光通信期间中还可通过像素阵列110中的所述多个可见光通信单元来接收或感测可见光通信信号,以进行可见光通信。
值得注意的是,类推如上述图1所述的可见光通信单元VLC的设置结果,由于所述多个可见光通信单元VLC是设置在所述多个子像素单元之间的多个畸零区域中,因此其可见光通信信号的感测质量有限。对此,本发明的图像传感器100将会通过将所述多个可见光通信单元提供的多个感测信号相加,以输出完整或可解析的可见光通信信号至后端电路来进行相关可见光通信解码操作。
图3是依照本发明的一实施例的可见光通信单元的电路图。参考图3,上述各实施例的可见光通信单元可如图3所示的可见光通信单元300。可见光通信单元300包括光电二极管(Photodiode,PD)D、传输开关Tx、电容C以及重置开关RS。在本实施例中,传输开关Tx的第一端耦接光电二极管D。光电二极管D的一端耦接传输开关Tx,并且另一端耦接接地电压VSS。光电二极管D用以感测可见光通信信号,以当传输开关Tx导通时传输感测信号至电容C。电容C的第一端为电压输出端Vout,并且电容C的第二端耦接传输开关Tx的第二端。重置开关RS的第一端耦接电容C的第二端以及传输开关Tx的第二端。
在本实施例中,重置开关RS的第二端耦接系统电压VCC,并且用以在感测可见光前导通,以重置光电二极管D。当光电二极管D感测到可见光而提供电流(电子流)信号至电容C时,电压输出端Vout将产生相应变化。也就是说,图像传感器的读出电路可经由导线连接至可见光通信单元300的电容C,以读出电压输出端Vout的电压变化结果。因此,本发明的图像传感器可经由转换及解码电压输出端Vout的电压变化结果,来有效地取得并输出对应的可见光通信信号。值得注意的是,多个光电二极管D的电容C的第一端Vout可以连接在一起,用以提升光通信的信号质量(例如信噪比(Signal-to-Noise Ratio,SNR))。
值得注意的是,由于本发明各实施例的可见光通信单元的电路设计可如图3所示的简便的电路设计,因此可有效降低可见光通信单元在上述基板中的设置区域以及设置复杂度。并且,在一实施例中,电容C可以是由上述基板中的间隔有介质层的两个金属层所形成的寄生电容,因此可见光通信单元300的电容C无须在基板上进行额外的结构设计,并且可见光通信单元300可轻易地设置在上述或任意现有的像素单元的所述多个子像素单元之间的多个畸零区域中,而无须重新设计像素单元的布局(Layout)。
图4是依照本发明的一实施例的图像感测系统的示意图。参考图4,图4为图像感测系统400从感测方向观之的俯视示意图。在本实施例中,图像感测系统400包括多个图像传感器410以及多个可见光通信传感器420。所述多个图像传感器410形成摄影机阵列(Cameraarray)。所述多个可见光通信传感器420形成可见光通信传感器阵列。如图4所示,摄影机阵列与可见光通信传感器阵列交错设置。在本实施例中,所述多个图像传感器410可如一般的RGB图像传感器,或是如上述图2所示设置有可见光通信单元的图像传感器100。所述RGB图像传感器是指其阵列排列的多个像素单元分别包括红色子像素单元、绿色子像素单元以及蓝色子像素单元,并且不包括可见光通信单元。
在本实施例中,所述多个图像传感器410分布在基板P’的多个图像感测区域,并且在所述多个图像感测区域以外的多个崎零区域可设置有多个可见光通信传感器420。对此,本实施例的所述多个可见光通信传感器420可分别包括如上述图1或图3的一个或多个可见光通信感测单元,但本发明并不加以限制。
在本实施例中,多个第一透镜单元可设置在基板P’上(位于如图所示所述多个图像传感器410的位置),以分别对应于分布在所述图像感测区域的所述多个图像传感器410,并且所述多个第一透镜单元与基板P’接触的底部轮廓(俯视结果)为圆形。多个第二透镜单元可设置在基板P’上(位于如图所示所述多个可见光通信传感器420的位置),以分别对应于分布在所述图像感测区域的以外区域的所述多个可见光通信传感器420,并且所述多个第二透镜单元与基板P’接触的底部轮廓(俯视结果)为圆形。所述多个第一透镜单元以及所述多个第二透镜单元用以汇聚光线至所述多个图像传感器410以及所述多个可见光通信传感器420。
在本实施例中,由于所述多个可见光通信传感器420是设置在所述多个图像传感器410之间的多个畸零区域中,因此其可见光通信信号的感测质量有限。对此,本发明的图像感测系统400将会通过将所述多个可见光通信传感器420提供的多个感测信号相加,以输出完整或可解析的可见光通信信号至后端电路来进行相关可见光通信解码操作。
另外,关于本实施例所述的图像传感器410以及所述的可见光通信传感器420的详细技术特征以及实施方式可参考上述图1至图3实施例的说明而获致足够的教示、建议以及实施说明,因此在此不多加赘述。
综上所述,本发明的具有可见光通信功能的图像传感器以及图像感测系统可通过在图像传感器以及图像感测系统的多个像素单元中分别设置具有简易电路架构以及简易制程架构的可见光通信单元,或在图像感测系统的多个图像传感器附近设置多个可见光通信传感器,以使本发明的图像传感器以及图像感测系统可具有图像感测功能以及可见光通信功能。
虽然本发明已以实施例揭示如上,然其并非用以限定本发明,任何所属技术领域中的技术人员,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,当可作些许的更改与润饰,故本发明的保护范围当视权利要求所界定的为准。

Claims (8)

1.一种具有可见光通信功能的图像传感器,其特征在于,包括:
像素单元,包括:
多个子像素单元,分布在基板的多个子像素区域;
可见光通信单元,设置在所述基板的所述多个子像素区域以外的区域;以及
透镜单元,包括:
多个第一微透镜单元,设置在所述基板上,以分别对应于分布在所述多个子像素区域的所述多个子像素单元;以及
第二微透镜单元,设置在所述基板上,以对应于设置在所述多个子像素区域以外的区域的所述可见光通信单元;
其中所述多个子像素单元包括红色子像素单元、第一绿色子像素单元、第二绿色子像素单元以及蓝色子像素单元,并且所述多个子像素单元形成2×2阵列,其中所述可见光通信单元设置在对应于所述2×2阵列的中间位置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的图像传感器,其中所述多个第一微透镜单元以及所述第二微透镜单元的底部轮廓为圆形。
3.根据权利要求1所述的图像传感器,还包括阵列排列的多个像素单元,以使所述多个像素单元的所述多个子像素单元形成像素阵列,并且所述多个像素单元的所述多个可见光通信单元形成可见光通信单元阵列,
其中所述图像传感器通过将所述多个可见光通信单元提供的多个感测信号相加,以输出可见光通信信号。
4.根据权利要求1所述的图像传感器,其中所述可见光通信单元包括:
光电二极管;
传输开关,其中所述传输开关的第一端耦接所述光电二极管;
电容,其中所述电容的第一端为电压输出端,并且所述电容的第二端耦接所述传输开关的第二端;以及
重置开关,其中所述重置开关的第一端耦接所述电容的所述第二端以及所述传输开关的所述第二端。
5.一种具有可见光通信功能的图像感测系统,其特征在于,包括:
多个图像传感器,分别包括像素阵列,并且分布在基板的多个图像感测区域;
多个可见光通信传感器,设置在所述基板的所述多个图像感测区域以外的区域;
多个第一透镜单元,设置在所述基板上,以分别对应于分布在所述多个图像感测区域的所述多个图像传感器;以及
多个第二透镜单元,设置在所述基板上,以分别对应于设置在所述多个图像感测区域以外的区域的所述多个可见光通信传感器;
其中所述多个像素阵列分别包括阵列排列的多个像素单元,并且所述多个像素单元分别包括一个红色子像素单元、两个绿色子像素单元以及一个蓝色子像素单元,且所述红色子像素单元、所述两个绿色子像素单元以及所述蓝色子像素单元形成2×2阵列,其中所述多个可见光通信传感器设置在对应于所述2×2阵列的中间位置。
6.根据权利要求5所述的图像感测系统,其中所述多个第一透镜单元以及所述多个第二透镜单元的底部轮廓为圆形。
7.根据权利要求5所述的图像感测系统,其中所述多个图像传感器形成摄影机阵列,并且所述多个可见光通信传感器形成可见光通信传感器阵列,所述摄影机阵列与所述可见光通信传感器阵列交错设置,
其中所述图像传感器通过将所述多个可见光通信单元提供的多个感测信号相加,以输出可见光通信信号。
8.根据权利要求5所述的图像感测系统,其中所述多个可见光通信传感器分别包括可见光通信单元,并且所述可见光通信单元包括:
光电二极管;
传输开关,其中所述传输开关的第一端耦接所述光电二极管;
电容,其中所述电容的第一端为电压输出端,并且所述电容的第二端耦接所述传输开关的第二端;以及
重置开关,其中所述重置开关的第一端耦接所述电容的所述第二端以及所述传输开关的所述第二端。
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