CN110702570A - Method for realizing visualization of coal body pore fracture dynamic seepage process - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for realizing visualization of a dynamic seepage process of a coal body pore fracture, which relates to the technical field of coal seam water injection seepage and comprises the following steps: performing CT scanning on the coal sample test piece to obtain a CT scanning image with a hole crack structure; drying the coal sample test piece to constant weight, dividing the position of the saturated water wet coal sample, performing vacuumizing saturated water treatment according to the division, and performing nuclear magnetic resonance experiment on the coal sample test piece to obtain three-dimensional T2Profiles and aqueous signal profiles; intercepting the cross sections of each layer at fixed intervals from any direction by utilizing a nuclear magnetic resonance layered imaging technology to obtain a pore crack water distribution map of any layer of the coal sample test piece, and analyzing the process of dynamic seepage; the pore crack structure in the CT scanning image is analyzed by combining the water-containing signal diagram, the visualization of the whole process of the coal body dynamic seepage is realized, and the better understanding can be realizedThe flowing process of the fluid in the coal body pore crack structure provides convenience for researching the coal bed seepage rule.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal seam water injection seepage, in particular to a method for realizing visualization of a coal body pore fracture dynamic seepage process.
Background
Coal seam water injection is used as an artificial rock stratum intervention means, and can actively promote and solve the practical production problems of coal mines, such as gas outburst, ground impact pressure, spontaneous combustion, coal body softening and the like. The coal seam water injection seepage effect is influenced by the pore-fracture structure characteristics of the coal seam, the pore-fracture structure and the seepage distribution characteristics of the coal body are accurately known, and the method is an important basis for researching the porosity, the spatial structure, the seepage characteristics and the coal seam gas extraction performance of the coal seam.
At present, a plurality of methods for researching the pore fracture structure of the coal body are provided, specifically: the mercury pressing method can test the mesopore and macropore structures, but the testing process can cause irreversible damage to the coal sample; the nitrogen adsorption method, which only tests the micropore characteristics, all have their own drawbacks.
The traditional nuclear magnetic resonance test can obtain the development conditions of pores and fractures, connectivity, pore size distribution and the like, but the real flowing process of water in the pores and fractures is difficult to visually observe. The CT image is obtained through CT scanning to carry out three-dimensional reconstruction, although the dynamic process of fluid seepage in the coal body pore crack can be simulated, due to the idealization and the complexity of numerical simulation, the CT scanning technology is difficult to accurately represent the flowing condition of water in the pore crack under the real condition. At present, a mature nondestructive dynamic detection technology is not available, so that visual characterization and analysis of a coal body pore fracture seepage dynamic process are realized. The flowing state of the fluid in the coal pore structure can be clearly known only by realizing the whole visual seepage dynamic process.
The research method can not observe the dynamic seepage process of the coal body under the real condition and has certain limitations. Therefore, the existing research technology is to be further improved and developed, and a method for researching the dynamic seepage whole-process visualization of the coal body structure is needed, so that convenience is provided for further researching the seepage rule of the coal bed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to realize visualization of the whole process of coal body dynamic seepage, better know the flowing process of fluid in a coal body pore fracture structure and provide convenience for researching the coal bed seepage rule, the invention provides a method for realizing visualization of the coal body pore fracture dynamic seepage process, and the specific technical scheme is as follows.
A method for realizing visualization of a coal body pore fracture dynamic seepage process comprises the following steps:
a, manufacturing a coal sample test piece, and performing CT scanning on the coal sample test piece to obtain a CT scanning image;
b, drying the coal sample test piece to constant weight, dividing the position of the saturated water wet coal sample test piece, and performing vacuumizing saturated water treatment section by section according to the position division;
c, performing a nuclear magnetic resonance experiment on the coal sample test piece, cutting a plurality of layers of cross sections of the coal sample test piece at equal intervals from any direction, and determining the water distribution of a plurality of directions and cross sections;
d, observing and dividing each position of the saturated water-soaked coal sample test piece, and combining the water distribution of each section to obtain the three-dimensional T2Profiles and aqueous signal profiles;
and E, observing the pore crack structure of the coal sample test piece, and analyzing the seepage dynamic process.
Further, the coal sample test piece in the step A is a cylindrical test piece, and the scanning voltage, the scanning power and the field of view size in the CT scanning process are determined according to the X-ray stability, the size of the coal sample test piece, the X-ray attenuation fraction of the coal sample test piece and the exposure time; during CT scanning, the coal sample rotates at a fixed speed, the detector captures X-rays passing through the coal sample test piece, and CT scanning images are stored in the form of electric signals.
And further, drying the coal sample test piece in the step B, namely vacuumizing the coal sample test piece for 24 hours at room temperature, then putting the coal sample test piece into a drying oven to dry the coal sample test piece to constant weight, and weighing the dry weight of the coal sample test piece.
Furthermore, the step of dividing the positions of the saturated water-soaked coal sample test pieces is to divide and determine the positions of the saturated water-soaked coal sample test pieces at intervals of 8-15mm, and the step-by-step water-soaking saturation treatment is sequentially carried out from one end of each coal sample test piece according to the divided positions of the saturated water-soaked coal sample test pieces.
And further, in the step C, a multi-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance analyzer is adopted to perform nuclear magnetic resonance experiments, and the multi-layer circular section and the rectangular section are cut at the set interval of 5 mm.
Further, the multidimensional nuclear magnetic resonance analyzer in the step D also measures relaxation distribution and relaxation time of the coal sample test piece for manufacturing three-dimensional T2And (4) mapping.
The coal sample test piece scanning method has the advantages that the coal sample test piece is scanned by the CT scanner to obtain CT scanning images with the coal seam hole crack structures, and then the same coal sample test piece is scanned by the multi-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance analyzer to obtain the three-dimensional T2Map and water-containing signal map; the cross section of the coal rock mass is cut from any direction of the coal pillar by combining the layered imaging technology of the nuclear magnetic resonance device, and the water distribution condition of any layer is obtained, so that the coal pore crack structure which cannot be observed due to the limitation of the cutting cross section precision of nuclear magnetic resonance can be observed, and compared with a nuclear magnetic resonance map, the dynamic process of the coal pore crack seepage of the whole course visual analysis is further realized, and the whole course visualization of the coal dynamic seepage is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a coal sample specimen;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of dividing positions of a coal sample test piece which is saturated with water;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a coal sample specimen;
FIG. 4 is three-dimensional T in example 22Profile and water-containing signal profile；
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the pore structure of the coal sample specimen in example 2.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, a method for implementing visualization of dynamic seepage process of coal body pore fissure is described as follows.
The existence of micro-fractures (pore-fractures) in the coal body increases the seepage channels with lower resistance in the reservoir on one hand, influences the permeability of the reservoir, and in addition, the change of local pressure fields and flow fields in the pore fractures causes the fluid to seep preferentially through the micro-fractures, and the basic characteristics (such as pore structure, connectivity and the like) and fluid parameters (such as fluid viscosity, density and the like) of the pore fractures, which are difficult to obtain by the existing experimental means, are also included. The invention provides a nondestructive dynamic detection technology, which realizes the visual characterization and analysis of the coal body pore crack seepage dynamic process.
Example 1
A method for realizing visualization of a coal body pore fracture dynamic seepage process is characterized in that an Xradia510Versa3D X ray microscope CT scanner with a two-stage amplification technology is used for scanning a coal sample test piece to obtain a CT picture with each coal bed pore fracture structure; scanning the same coal sample test piece by using a MacroMR12-100H-GS type multi-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance analyzer to obtain a three-dimensional T2Map and water-containing signal map. By utilizing the layered imaging technology of the nuclear magnetic resonance equipment, the cross section of the coal rock mass is cut from any direction of the coal pillar, and the water distribution condition of any layer is obtained. By combining the scanned CT picture, the coal body pore crack structure which can not be observed due to the limitation of intercepting section precision of nuclear magnetic resonance can be observed, and is compared with a nuclear magnetic resonance map, so that the dynamic process of coal body pore crack seepage can be visually analyzed in the whole process; the method comprises the following specific steps:
and A.
And manufacturing a coal sample test piece, and carrying out CT scanning on the coal sample test piece to obtain a CT scanning image.
The coal sample test piece is a cylindrical test piece, the size of the test piece is preferably phi 25 multiplied by 50mm, and the scanning voltage, the scanning power and the field of view size in the CT scanning process are determined according to the X-ray stability, the size of the coal sample test piece, the X-ray attenuation fraction of the coal sample test piece and the exposure time; during CT scanning, the coal sample rotates at a fixed speed, the detector captures X-rays passing through the coal sample test piece, and CT scanning images are stored in the form of electric signals.
And B, step B.
Drying the coal sample test piece to constant weight, dividing the position of the saturated water wet coal sample test piece, and carrying out vacuum-pumping saturated water treatment section by section according to the position division.
The drying of the coal sample test piece is to vacuumize the coal sample test piece for 24 hours at room temperature, then put the coal sample test piece into a drying oven to dry the coal sample test piece to a constant weight, weigh the dry weight of the coal sample test piece, and set the drying temperature to be 60 ℃. Dividing the positions of the saturated water-soaked coal sample test pieces, specifically, dividing the positions of the saturated water-soaked coal sample test pieces at intervals of 8-15mm to determine the positions of the saturated water-soaked coal sample test pieces, and dividing more positions at smaller intervals so as to improve the test precision; and (3) carrying out water immersion saturation treatment step by step from one end of the coal sample test piece according to the divided positions of the saturated water immersion coal sample test piece, wherein the water immersion saturation treatment can be carried out according to the sequence from bottom to top, and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance measurement is carried out after the saturation of each position is finished.
And C, performing step C.
And performing a nuclear magnetic resonance experiment on the coal sample test piece, cutting a plurality of layers of cross sections of the coal sample test piece at equal intervals from any direction, and determining the water distribution of a plurality of directions and cross sections.
Wherein, a MacroMR12-100H-GS type multi-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance analyzer is adopted to carry out nuclear magnetic resonance experiments, and in order to obtain the water distribution in different directions and different layers, a plurality of layers of round sections and rectangular sections can be cut at intervals of 5 mm.
And D, step D.
Observing and dividing each position of the saturated water-soaked coal sample test piece, and combining the water distribution of each section to obtain the three-dimensional T2Profiles and aqueous signal profiles.
Wherein the multidimensional nuclear magnetic resonance analyzer is also used for measuring relaxation distribution and relaxation time of the coal sample test piece for manufacturing three-dimensional T2And (4) mapping.
And E, step E.
And observing the pore crack structure of the coal sample test piece, and analyzing the seepage dynamic process. And combining the coal body pore crack structure diagram after CT scanning, making up the defect that the coal body pore crack structure cannot be observed due to the limitation of the nuclear magnetic resonance interception cross section precision, and further analyzing the dynamic process of seepage in the whole process.
The method comprises the steps of firstly scanning a coal sample test piece by using a CT scanner to obtain a CT scanning image with each coal seam hole crack structure, and then scanning the same coal sample test piece by using a multi-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance analyzer to obtain a three-dimensional T2Map and water-containing signal map; the cross section of the coal rock mass is cut from any direction of the coal pillar by combining the layered imaging technology of the nuclear magnetic resonance device, and the water distribution condition of any layer is obtained, so that the coal pore crack structure which cannot be observed due to the limitation of the cutting cross section precision of nuclear magnetic resonance can be observed, and compared with a nuclear magnetic resonance map, the dynamic process of the coal pore crack seepage of the whole course visual analysis is further realized, and the whole course visualization of the coal dynamic seepage is realized.
Example 2
The principle and beneficial effects of the method are further explained by taking a coal sample test piece made of the coal gas of Tangkou coal as an example and combining schematic diagrams 1-5.
The method for researching the seepage dynamic process of the coal body pore structure based on the CT scanning and nuclear magnetic resonance technology can make up the limitations of other methods, only utilizes the nuclear magnetic resonance T2 atlas to overcome the defect that the dynamic seepage process cannot be researched, realizes the visualization method of the coal body pore dynamic seepage process, and uses an Xradia510Versa3D X-ray microscope CT scanner with two-stage amplification technology to scan a coal sample test piece to obtain a CT scanning picture with each coal bed pore structure. And scanning the same coal sample test piece by using a MacroMR12-150H-I type nuclear magnetic resonance imaging analyzer to obtain a three-dimensional T2 map and a water-containing signal map. By utilizing the layered imaging technology of the nuclear magnetic resonance equipment, the cross section of the coal rock mass is cut from any direction of the coal pillar, and the water distribution condition of any layer is obtained. And (3) observing the coal body pore crack structure which can not be observed due to the limitation of the intercepting section precision of nuclear magnetic resonance by combining the scanned CT picture, comparing the nuclear magnetic resonance with the nuclear magnetic resonance T2 atlas and the water distribution map, and further visually analyzing the dynamic process of the coal body pore crack seepage in the whole process.
Step A, before a CT scanning test, a Tangkou coal sample test piece is manufactured into a coal column with the size of phi 25 multiplied by 50mm, as shown in figure 1. Using a Xradia510Versa3D X X-ray microscope CT scanner coal sample with two-stage amplification technology, selecting a scanning voltage of 65KV, a power of 6W and a field size of 12.5 × 12.5mm according to the influence of factors such as X-ray stability, sample size, X-ray attenuation fraction of the sample, exposure time and the like2The experimental conditions of (1). During scanning, the coal sample rotates at a constant scanning speed, and X-rays pass through the sample and are captured by a detector, stored in the form of electric signals and formed into a CT image.
And step B, vacuumizing the coal sample test piece for 24 hours at room temperature, putting the coal sample test piece into a drying oven at 60 ℃ for drying until the weight is constant, and weighing the dry weight of the sample to remove residual moisture in the sample.
Dividing the position of the saturated water-soaked coal sample once every 10mm from the bottom of the coal sample test piece, and performing vacuumizing saturated water treatment for 5 times one by one from a low position to a high position according to the divided positions of the soaked coal sample, as shown in fig. 2, and performing low-field nuclear magnetic resonance test after the saturation of each position is completed.
And C, testing the coal sample subjected to CT scanning by using a MacroMR12-100H-GS type multi-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance analyzer. The coil of the hydrogen test probe is a self-shielding coil with the diameter of 25mm, the strength of the magnet is 0.3T, and the temperature of the magnet is 32 +/-0.01 ℃.
By utilizing the layered imaging technology of the nuclear magnetic resonance equipment, each layer of circular cross section with the small distance of 5mm is cut from top to bottom in a layered manner along the transverse direction of the cross section of the coal sample test piece, and the coal sample test piece is longitudinally layered along 4 different directions to obtain a water distribution diagram with a rectangular cross section. By observing different coal sample positions and different cross sections of the set saturated water, the water distribution of coal bed water flowing into pores is observed in real time, and the cross section selection schematic diagram of the coal sample test piece is shown in fig. 3.
And D, by observing the positions of the set saturated water-soaked coal sample test pieces and the water distribution of different sections and combining a three-dimensional T2 map (height, relaxation time and signal quantity) and a water-containing signal map obtained by a nuclear magnetic resonance experiment, judging the pore fracture structure and the position where water can flow, and observing the dynamic process of water flowing into pores in real time, wherein the schematic diagram of the water distribution and the layered water-containing signal of any layer is shown in FIG. 4.
And E, because the precision of the nuclear magnetic resonance layered imaging technology is limited, the hole crack condition of each coal seam which is smaller than 1mm cannot be observed. By combining the structure diagram of the coal body pore cracks after CT scanning, as shown in FIG. 5, the defect that the structure of the coal body pore cracks cannot be observed due to the limitation of the nuclear magnetic resonance interception cross section precision is overcome, and the dynamic process of seepage can be analyzed in the whole process.
It is to be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art may make modifications, alterations, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for realizing visualization of a coal body pore fracture dynamic seepage process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a, manufacturing a coal sample test piece, and performing CT scanning on the coal sample test piece to obtain a CT scanning image;
b, drying the coal sample test piece to constant weight, dividing the position of the saturated water wet coal sample test piece, and performing vacuumizing saturated water treatment section by section according to the position division;
c, performing a nuclear magnetic resonance experiment on the coal sample test piece, cutting a plurality of layers of cross sections of the coal sample test piece at equal intervals from any direction, and determining the water distribution of a plurality of directions and cross sections;
d, observing and dividing each position of the saturated water-soaked coal sample test piece, and combining the water distribution of each section to obtain the three-dimensional T2Profiles and aqueous signal profiles;
and E, observing the pore crack structure of the coal sample test piece, and analyzing the seepage dynamic process.
2. The method for realizing visualization of the dynamic seepage process of the coal body pore cracks as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coal sample specimen in the step A is a cylindrical specimen, and the scanning voltage, the scanning power and the size of the field of view in the CT scanning process are determined according to the stability of X-rays, the size of the coal sample specimen, the X-ray attenuation fraction of the coal sample specimen and the exposure time; during CT scanning, the coal sample rotates at a fixed speed, the detector captures X-rays passing through the coal sample test piece, and CT scanning images are stored in the form of electric signals.
3. The method for realizing visualization of the dynamic seepage process of the coal body pore cracks as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drying of the coal sample specimen in the step B is to vacuumize the coal sample specimen for 24 hours at room temperature, then place the coal sample specimen in a drying oven to dry the coal sample specimen to a constant weight, and weigh the dry weight of the coal sample specimen.
4. The method for realizing visualization of the dynamic seepage process of the coal body pore cracks as claimed in claim 3, wherein the dividing of the positions of the saturated water-soaked coal sample is to determine the positions of the saturated water-soaked coal sample at intervals of 8-15mm, and the water-soaking saturation treatment is sequentially performed step by step from one end of the coal sample according to the divided positions of the saturated water-soaked coal sample.
5. The method for realizing visualization of a dynamic seepage process of a coal pore crack as claimed in claim 1, wherein a multi-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance analyzer is adopted to perform nuclear magnetic resonance experiments in the step C, and a plurality of layers of circular cross sections and rectangular cross sections are cut at an interval of 5 mm.
6. The method for realizing visualization of dynamic seepage process of coal pore cracks as claimed in claim 5, wherein the multidimensional NMR analyzer in the step D also measures relaxation distribution and relaxation time of the coal sample specimen for making three-dimensional T2And (4) mapping.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112098274A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-18 | 山东科技大学 | Visual coal seam water injection two-phase seepage experiment system and method |
| CN113624797A (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2021-11-09 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for detecting fluid in tight rock core |
| US11579326B2 (en) | 2021-03-10 | 2023-02-14 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Nuclear magnetic resonance method quantifying fractures in unconventional source rocks |
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