CN106770394B - The three-dimensional appearance of metal welding seam internal flaw and the lossless detection method of stress characteristics - Google Patents
The three-dimensional appearance of metal welding seam internal flaw and the lossless detection method of stress characteristics Download PDFInfo
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- CN106770394B CN106770394B CN201710083408.3A CN201710083408A CN106770394B CN 106770394 B CN106770394 B CN 106770394B CN 201710083408 A CN201710083408 A CN 201710083408A CN 106770394 B CN106770394 B CN 106770394B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
- G01N23/06—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and measuring the absorption
- G01N23/18—Investigating the presence of flaws defects or foreign matter
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of three-dimensional appearance of metal welding seam internal flaw and the lossless detection methods of stress characteristics, the detection method is to combine X ray computer layer scanning technology and finite element analysis technology, it can be under conditions of not destroying test specimen, detect three-dimensional appearance, the stress characteristics of dissimilar metal welding line inner void defect, this method can also obtain the spatial distribution of dissimilar metal welding line inner void defect, pore volume, porosity and pore-size distribution Evolution, and the topological performance in hole, such as connectivity, the information such as tortuosity；Its detection process includes sample preparation, is scanned to tests exemplar and obtains scanned picture and record corresponding metal welding parameter, threedimensional model is handled and rebuild to the scanned picture information of acquisition, and carrying out model mechanics analysis to threedimensional model verifies.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to different-metal material welding structure detection technical fields, are related to one kind and are formed for dissimilar metal welding line
The method that is detected of internal flaw, especially the three-dimensional appearance of the internal flaw and stress characteristics are carried out non-destructive testing.
Background technology
When metal welding seam, due to welding procedure, the welding region of metal is always inevitably generated various microcosmic
Defect, wherein Micro porosity is major defect form present in welding structure, and these Micro porosities can cause answering for structure
Power is concentrated, and under external load function, interior microscopic hole constantly develops structure, and can eventually lead to component and whole knot
The destruction of structure.It is that Micro porosity is lacked to macrostructure that Micro porosity volume and position distribution, which all have randomness, evolution,
Sunken multiple-scales fracture evolutionary process.Material often produces its macro property with discontinuity of the inside configuration on small scale
Life significantly affects.Further, since the chemical reaction generated during different-metal material welding, exists not in dissimilar metal welding line
Same compound, different physical properties generate tremendous influence to performance of the whole weld seam in mechanical property.
In order to accurately establish the threedimensional model of dissimilar metal welding line internal flaw, different technological parameter device to hole is studied
Influence of the influence and hole of hole spatial distribution and hole three-dimensional configuration to whole weld properties, while distinguishing difference
Weld influence of the compound to whole weld properties, it is necessary to develop a kind of novel detection means, can detect different
The three-dimensional information of kind metal welding seam internal flaw, and can be analyzed under the premise of not destroying test specimen and obtain the mechanical property of sample.
Currently, for the lossless detection method of non-transparent metals substance, there are ultrasound examination, Magnetic testing, EDDY CURRENT
The methods of, but these methods are in detection process, due to unconnectedness, material capability of metal welding seam internal flaw etc.,
The problem of influencing test result, causing testing result inaccurate or surface topography can only be detected；Traditional slice detection method,
Accuracy of detection is high, but it has detection material the damage of unrepairable, and the time consumed needed for detection process is long, Er Qiexu
A large amount of manpowers are wanted to work, furthermore, prodigious waste is also resulted in experiment material；Test specimen after detecting simultaneously can not be applied
In other stress tests, there is tremendous influence to the research of research material defect and stress relation.It is detected by above-mentioned detection method
Afterwards, then the three-dimensional model reconfiguration of dissimilar metal welding line is carried out, is analyzed for stress characteristics.In short, above-mentioned detection method exists not
The problems such as feasible or needs more manual measurements operation longer times consume, and can not ensure the accuracy of model.
Invention content
For overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, it the present invention provides a kind of three-dimensional appearance of metal welding seam internal flaw and answers
The lossless detection method of power feature, this method combination X ray computer layer scanning technology and finite element analysis technology, Ke Yi
It does not destroy under conditions of test specimen, detects three-dimensional appearance, the stress characteristics of dissimilar metal welding line inner void defect, this method is also
It can show that the spatial distribution of dissimilar metal welding line inner void defect, pore volume, porosity and pore-size distribution develop
Rule and the topological performance in hole, such as connectivity, the information such as tortuosity.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of three-dimensional shaped of metal welding seam internal flaw
The lossless detection method of looks and stress characteristics, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
1. sample preparation：It is waited for according to the steel aluminum dissimilar metal welding Jing Guo laser welding under the conditions of experimental design acquisition different parameters
Test specimen to be measured, is obtained the tests exemplar of required test position by test block by wire cutting, and the Parameter Conditions include welding speed
Degree, bonding power, defocusing amount, protective gas；
2. scanning：It chooses the tests exemplar and carries out X-ray omnidirectional Recognition computed tomography, respectively writing scan
The welding parameter of image and corresponding dissimilar metal；
3. information processing：Using software VG Studio MAX2.0 to step 2. in tomography information analyze,
Internal flaw three-dimensional parameter information is obtained, the internal flaw three-dimensional parameter information includes three-dimensional apertures hole volume, porosity, hole ruler
Degree distribution, three-dimensional hole spatial distribution and different-metal material welding parameter affecting laws；
4. information processing：It is analyzed for 3. information that step obtains using software VG Studio MAX2.0, xenogenesis
Metal can form different metallic compounds in position while welding in the welding process, and the physical property of different metallic compounds
Difference causes X-ray attenuation degree also different, after the information analysis of step 3., screen the different defects of welded seam area with
Different metal compound extracts weld defect information, eliminates the interference that different metal compound obtains target information, then
To the regularity of distribution of weld defect single piece of information；Weld defect information includes being obtained after software is analyzed about welded seam area
About the information of defect and different metal compound, target information is then the information for weld defect；
5. model reconstruction：Using software VG Studio MAX2.0, to step, 2. the middle information obtained carries out threedimensional model weight
It builds, obtains visual weld seam model；
6. stress analysis：The threedimensional model of reconstruct is imported into hypermesh softwares, utilizes difference in the welding region of acquisition
The different physical characteristics of constituent carry out mesh generation and define substance physical characteristic, and utilize finite element analysis software
Ansys carries out model mechanics analysis；
7. verification experimental verification：Above-mentioned experiment exemplar is subjected to traditional power such as stress stretching experiment, high cycle fatigue experiment in batches
Experiment is learned, the reliability of finite element analysis is verified.
Further, the Parameter Conditions include speed of welding, bonding power, defocusing amount, protective gas, wherein welding
Power selection range is 1200 watts~2000 watts, and speed of welding selection range is 15mm/s~45mm/s, defocusing amount selection range
For -1mm~2mm.
Using the above scheme, the present invention can go out the three-dimensional appearance of dissimilar metal welding line internal flaw with non-destructive testing, can be with
The integrality for ensureing test sample is conducive to the verification of later stage mechanical property.Meanwhile it avoiding test specimen test specimen and being sliced introduced damage
Wound, ensure that the accuracy of test result.Further, it can not only obtain dissimilar metal welding line surface topography, can also obtain
Go out the three-dimensional spatial distribution of weld seam internal flaw, pore volume, porosity and the topological in pore size distribution rule and hole
Can, such as connectivity, the information such as tortuosity.Moreover, simultaneously can accurate reconstruction go out can be used for the three-dimensional visualization mould of finite element analysis
Type is beneficial to further understand dissimilar metal welding line internal flaw three-dimensional appearance.Furthermore it can be before not damaging test sample
It puts, obtains sample mechanical property, the manpower and materials consumed in experimentation and time is greatly saved, and pre- to establish the service life
The influence relationship for surveying model, exploration weld seam internal flaw and mechanical property is laid a good foundation.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing 1 is specific embodiment of the invention weld seam hole three-dimensionalreconstruction model.
Specific implementation mode
Specific embodiments of the present invention are the methods that the internal flaw formed for dissimilar metal welding line is detected, especially
It is carried out non-destructive testing to the three-dimensional appearance and stress characteristics of the internal flaw.The detection method is mainly by X ray computer
Tomography scanner, different-metal material welding sample, VG Studio MAX softwares, four part of ansys softwares composition；Wherein roentgenometer
Calculation machine tomography scanner type photodetector is Y.XRD 0820, and detector cells number is 1024, and pixel number is 1024 × 1024.It is different
Kind metal welding specimen shape is arbitrary, and for ordinary circumstance based on flat rectangular body, size should not be too big, because size is smaller, three
The resolution ratio for tieing up reconstructed image is higher.Analysis software carries out data processing using VG Studio MAX2.0.Finite element analysis is soft
Part carries out analyzing processing using hypermesh and ansys softwares.
In the following, illustrating dissimilar metal welding line internal flaw three-dimensional appearance and the stress characteristics detection side of the present invention in conjunction with table
One embodiment of method.
For the present invention by taking steel aluminum dissimilar metal laser welding sample as an example, laser parameter is as shown in table 1, i.e., bonding power is chosen
Ranging from 1200 watts~2000 watts, speed of welding selection range be 5mm/s~55mm/s, defocusing amount selection range be -1mm~
2mm.According to above-mentioned laser weld parameters, 100 × 50 × 1 steel plate and aluminium sheet is respectively welded, obtains dissimilar metal welding line sample.
1 laser weld parameters of table test table
Said sample is cut into required size by wire cutting, X ray computer tomoscan is carried out and records to examination
Sample welding parameter information.Above-mentioned tomography information is analyzed using software VG Studio MAX2.0, obtains three-dimensional apertures
Hole volume, porosity, pore-size distribution, the affecting laws of three-dimensional hole spatial distribution and different-metal material welding parameter, such as 1 institute of table
Show；The different constituents at each position of metal welding fabrication substance are distinguished, as shown in table 2, are obtained not by taking sample 1 as an example
Same constituent after the influence that detect to weld defect of physical property difference for eliminating welding region different material, is broken to above-mentioned
Layer scanning information carries out reconstructing three-dimensional model, obtains visual weld seam model, as shown in Figure 1.
2 chemical composition of table (%)
| Cu | Si | Fe | Zn | Ti | Mg | Al |
| 0.5 | 0.3 | 40 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.4 | bal |
The three-dimensional CAD model of reconstruct is imported into the softwares such as hypermesh, it is different using above-mentioned acquisition constituent region
Physical property carries out mesh generation and defines substance physical characteristic；Model mechanics are carried out using finite element analysis softwares such as ansys
Analysis obtains the mechanical property of weld seam, as shown in table 1.
The present invention is not limited in above-described embodiment and variation, but recorded model in the appended claims
, it can be achieved that being the embodiment of variform in enclosing.Without departing from the spirit of the scope of the invention, those skilled in the art can do
The deformation range arrived undoubtedly should also belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of three-dimensional appearance of metal welding seam internal flaw and the lossless detection method of stress characteristics, which is characterized in that including
Following steps：
1. sample preparation：It is to be tested according to the steel aluminum dissimilar metal welding Jing Guo laser welding under the conditions of experimental design acquisition different parameters
Test specimen to be measured, is obtained the tests exemplar of required test position by part by wire cutting, and the Parameter Conditions include speed of welding, weldering
Connect power, defocusing amount, protective gas；
2. scanning：It chooses the tests exemplar and carries out X-ray omnidirectional Recognition computed tomography, respectively writing scan image
With the welding parameter of corresponding dissimilar metal；
3. information processing：Using software VG Studio MAX2.0 to step 2. in tomography information analyze, obtain
Internal flaw three-dimensional parameter information, the internal flaw three-dimensional parameter information include three-dimensional apertures hole volume, porosity, hole scale point
The affecting laws of cloth, three-dimensional hole spatial distribution and different-metal material welding parameter；
4. information processing：It is analyzed for 3. information that step obtains using software VG Studio MAX2.0, dissimilar metal
Different metallic compounds can be formed in position while welding in the welding process, and the physical property of different metallic compounds is not
Together, cause X-ray attenuation degree also different, after the information analysis of step 3., screen the different defects of welded seam area with not
Same metallic compound extracts weld defect information, eliminates the interference that different metal compound obtains target information, then obtains
The regularity of distribution of weld defect single piece of information；
5. model reconstruction：Using software VG Studio MAX2.0, to step, 2. the middle information obtained carries out reconstructing three-dimensional model,
Obtain visual weld seam model；
6. stress analysis：The threedimensional model of reconstruct is imported into hypermesh softwares, is formed using different in the welding region of acquisition
The different physical characteristics of ingredient carry out mesh generation and simultaneously define substance physical characteristic, and using finite element analysis software ansys into
Row model mechanics are analyzed；
7. verification experimental verification：Above-mentioned tests exemplar is carried out to stress stretching experiment and high cycle fatigue experiment in batches, verifies finite element
The reliability of analysis.
2. the three-dimensional appearance of metal welding seam internal flaw according to claim 1 and the lossless detection method of stress characteristics,
It is characterized in that：The Parameter Conditions include speed of welding, bonding power, defocusing amount, protective gas, wherein bonding power selects
Ranging from 1200 watts~2000 watts are taken, speed of welding selection range is 15mm/s~45mm/s, and defocusing amount selection range is -1mm
~2mm.
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| US6137860A (en) * | 1998-08-18 | 2000-10-24 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Digital radiographic weld inspection system |
| CN101750034B (en) * | 2008-12-11 | 2011-08-17 | 秦山第三核电有限公司 | Dissimilar metal welding line ultrasonic creeping wave testing method |
| CN102157211B (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2013-01-16 | 华东理工大学 | Assessment method for defects of welding joint area at piping safety end of pressure vessel of AP1000 nuclear reactor |
| CN104515786B (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2018-05-11 | 北京科技大学 | The detection and analysis method that metal casting fatigue process internal flaw develops |
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Application publication date: 20170531 Assignee: Pingyang Intelligent Manufacturing Research Institute of Wenzhou University Assignor: Wenzhou University Contract record no.: X2020330000096 Denomination of invention: Nondestructive testing method for three dimensional morphology and stress characteristics of internal defects in Metal Welds Granted publication date: 20181030 License type: Common License Record date: 20201122 |