CN111337408B - Method for testing rock crack porosity by using low-field nuclear magnetic resonance equipment - Google Patents
Method for testing rock crack porosity by using low-field nuclear magnetic resonance equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN111337408B CN111337408B CN202010229687.1A CN202010229687A CN111337408B CN 111337408 B CN111337408 B CN 111337408B CN 202010229687 A CN202010229687 A CN 202010229687A CN 111337408 B CN111337408 B CN 111337408B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/088—Investigating volume, surface area, size or distribution of pores; Porosimetry
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N24/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance or other spin effects
- G01N24/08—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance or other spin effects by using nuclear magnetic resonance
- G01N24/081—Making measurements of geologic samples, e.g. measurements of moisture, pH, porosity, permeability, tortuosity or viscosity
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing the porosity of a rock crack by using low-field nuclear magnetic resonance equipment, which utilizes a calibration relation between nuclear magnetic signal quantity and water-containing mass and uses the mass W of water contained in a rock core holder when a test piece is contained2Subtract the mass W of water contained in the through hole in the test piece3Obtaining the mass W of water contained in the inlet pipeline and the outlet pipeline of the rock core holder4(ii) a Mass W of water contained in core holder when using rock-containing sample1Subtracting the mass W of water contained in the inlet pipeline and the outlet pipeline of the core holder4Obtaining the water mass W contained in the rock sample cracks5And calculating to obtain the volume V of water contained in the rock sample crackwThereby using the volume V of water contained in the rock sample crackwAnd dividing by the external surface volume V of the rock sample to calculate the porosity of the rock sample fracture. The method can accurately test the porosity of the rock cracks, has no damage to the rock sample in the test process, and ensures the uniformity and the comparability of the test result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas exploration and development, in particular to a method for testing the porosity of a rock crack by using low-field nuclear magnetic resonance equipment.
Background
The deep and ultra-deep oil gas resources in China are rich, and with the technical progress of oil gas exploration and development, more than half of newly discovered and newly developed oil gas resources in China are buried in deep and ultra-deep reservoir beds. The porosity and permeability of the matrix part of deep and ultra-deep reservoirs are very low, so that effective storage spaces and oil-gas seepage channels are difficult to form, most of oil gas is stored in karst caves and cracks generated in the later period of diagenesis, and the cracks are important storage spaces and more main oil-gas seepage channels. The accurate determination of the fracture porosity has important significance for reasonably evaluating the oil and gas resource quantity of a reservoir, formulating a development scheme, optimizing modification measures and determining a modification position.
At present, methods for testing the porosity of cracks are mainly classified into the following four categories:
(1) description by visual observation: and (4) collecting a field outcrop or a downhole rock core, observing the development length and width of the crack by naked eyes, and calculating the porosity of the crack. The observation result obtained by the method is influenced by the experience of an observer and the observation of the selected sample, the workload is large, and the observation result can only reflect the porosity in the area sense.
(2) Geophysical detection: analyzing the development of the fracture by using data such as imaging logging, depth and depth dual lateral logging, sonic logging and the like, and establishing corresponding models to calculate the porosity of the fracture, such as Sibbit A.M. (1985), Liangjun (1996), Lidong (2012), Liwenbin (2012), Liwenbi (2012), Lihongqi (2012) and Liwei (2019). Because different models are all established on the basis of a large number of assumed conditions, such as smooth well wall, close contact between a detector and the well wall and the like, the difference from the actual underground situation is large. Therefore, the calculated fracture porosity is only a relative value and needs to be calibrated through measured data.
(3) Laboratory analytical testing: the high-precision electron microscope observation is influenced by a sample point, an observation visual field and the like, and the porosity of the crack cannot be quantitatively calculated; the constant-speed mercury pressing method and the helium method are developed aiming at pore volume test, and the test principle is not suitable for cracks; the CT scanning technology can obtain the spatial distribution of pores and cracks in the rock sample, but the calculation precision of the porosity is severely limited by the resolution of equipment.
(4) And (3) carrying out geostatistical analysis: the rock reservoir space is divided into two parts of matrix porosity and fracture by the royal jade man (2014, 2015), and a dual-medium porosity explanation model consisting of a matrix porosity explanation model and fracture porosity is established; according to the matrix porosity explanation model, scale calculation is carried out by adopting the actual measurement result of the interval with undeveloped cracks to obtain a model calculation key parameter, namely the unit mass pore volume of different matrix parts, and the matrix porosity and the matrix pore volume of different intervals are promoted and calculated; the fracture pore volume and fracture porosity are obtained by subtracting the matrix pore volume from the total pore volume. The key parameters of the interval in which the crack does not develop are applied to the interval in which the crack develops to calculate, so that larger errors are easily caused.
The four methods have respective limitations and disadvantages, and a new method for testing the porosity of the crack is urgently needed. In recent years, more and more students adopt the low-field nuclear magnetic resonance technology to test the pore structure of the rock, fully saturate the rock sample with water, and test H in water inside the rock sample by using the low-field nuclear magnetic resonance technology1And calculating the water content quality in the rock sample according to the nuclear magnetic signal quantity and the T2 distribution, and further calculating the porosity of the rock sample. The method has the advantages of accurate and rapid test, simple requirement on the shape of the rock sample, reusability of the rock sample and the like, but when the test surface has a rock sample with larger pores or cracks, the porosity test result is smaller because water in the large pores or cracks on the surface of the rock sample easily flows out.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a method for testing the porosity of rock fractures using a low-field nuclear magnetic resonance device, which will not contain H1The clamp is used together with a low-field nuclear magnetic resonance device to displace water into fractured rocks, so that the fractures are completely saturated with water, the nuclear magnetic semaphore of the fractured rocks is tested, the total water content mass is calculated, and the water content mass in an inlet pipeline and an outlet pipeline of the clamp is deducted, so that the water content mass in the fractures and the porosity of the fractures of the rock sample can be calculated.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for testing the porosity of a rock fracture by using a low-field nuclear magnetic resonance device comprises the following steps:
s1, performing air draft drying on the cylindrical target crack rock sample to constant weight, measuring the length L and the diameter D of the rock sample, and calculating the external surface volume V of the rock sample;
s2, testing a nuclear magnetic signal calibration sample by using low-field nuclear magnetic resonance equipment, and establishing a calibration relational expression between nuclear magnetic signal quantity and water containing quality;
s3, placing the rock sample into a rock core holder, loading confining pressure of the rock core holder and maintaining the pressure constant, and driving ultrapure water into the rock sample to drive the ultrapure water through the whole rock sample, wherein the fracture part of the rock sample is completely saturated with the ultrapure water; testing the nuclear magnetic signals in the rock core holder containing the rock sample by using low-field nuclear magnetic resonance equipment;
s4, calculating the water mass W contained in the core holder when the rock sample is contained according to the calibration relation in the step S21；
S5, manufacturing a cylindrical test piece with the same length and diameter as the target rock sample, and drilling a circular through hole along the axial direction of the test piece;
s6, placing the test piece into the core holder, and calculating the mass W of water contained in the core holder when the test piece is contained by adopting the same method as the steps S3 and S42；
S7, calculating the water content W in the through hole in the test piece according to the diameter and the length of the through hole3；
S8 mass W of water contained in core holder when using test piece2Subtract the mass W of water contained in the through hole in the test piece3Obtaining the mass W of water contained in the inlet pipeline and the outlet pipeline of the rock core holder4(ii) a Mass W of water contained in core holder when using rock-containing sample1Subtracting the mass W of water contained in the inlet pipeline and the outlet pipeline of the core holder4Obtaining the water mass W contained in the rock sample cracks5And calculating to obtain the volume V of water contained in the rock sample crackwThereby using the volume V of water contained in the rock sample crackwAnd dividing by the external surface volume V of the rock sample to calculate the porosity of the rock sample fracture.
Preferably, the core holder is H-free1Made of polytetrafluoroethylene material.
Preferably, the calibration relation between the nuclear magnetic signal quantity and the water containing quality is as follows:
wherein x is the mass of water, g; and y is nuclear magnetic signal quantity and is dimensionless.
Preferably, in step S3, the confining pressure of the loaded core holder is 2 MPa.
Preferably, the test piece is made of a polytetrafluoroethylene material, and the diameter of the through hole is 4.8 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the crack part is filled with water, the volume of the crack part of the rock sample is reflected by testing the volume of the water, and the water can easily enter the crack part and be filled, so that the porosity of the rock crack can be accurately tested;
2. increasing confining pressure in the rock sample displacement process, fully saturating the matrix part of the rock sample with water, calculating the total porosity of the rock sample according to a nuclear magnetic resonance test result, and subtracting the porosity of the crack to obtain the porosity of the matrix part of the rock sample;
3. the invention has no damage to the rock sample in the testing process and ensures the uniformity and the comparability of the testing result.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description only relate to some embodiments of the present invention and are not limiting on the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a test piece according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an actual test result of a low-field NMR test area according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a calibration graph according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows nuclear magnetic resonance T of a core holder for a fractured rock sample according to the invention2A spectrum test result schematic diagram;
FIG. 5 shows the NMR T of the core holder containing the test piece2And (4) a spectrum test result is shown schematically.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention.
Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The use of the word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, in this disclosure is intended to mean that the elements or items listed before that word, include the elements or items listed after that word, and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or items. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a method for testing the porosity of a rock fracture by using a low-field nuclear magnetic resonance device comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning the cylindrical target fractured rock sample, performing air draft drying until the quality is constant, measuring the length of the rock sample to be 6.00cm and the diameters of the end faces at two ends to be 2.53cm, and calculating to obtain the outer surface body of the rock sampleThe product is 30.16cm2The external surface volume of the rock sample is the volume of the rock sample in a drying state;
s2, testing a nuclear magnetic signal calibration sample by adopting low-field nuclear magnetic resonance equipment, and establishing a calibration relation between the nuclear magnetic signal quantity and the water content quality:
wherein x is the mass of water, g; and y is nuclear magnetic signal quantity and is dimensionless.
S3, placing the core holder containing the rock sample in a low-field nuclear magnetic resonance device, wherein the core holder does not contain H1The loading confining pressure of the core holder is 2MPa, the pressure is kept constant, ultrapure water is driven into the core holder, the ultrapure water drives the whole rock sample, and the crack part of the rock sample is completely saturated with the ultrapure water;
s4, testing the nuclear magnetic signal of the inner part of the rock core holder containing the rock sample to be 13538.03 by adopting low-field nuclear magnetic resonance equipment;
s5, calculating the mass of water contained in the core holder to be 4.24g when the rock sample is contained according to the calibration relation in the step S2;
s6, manufacturing a cylindrical test piece with the same length and diameter as the rock sample by using a polytetrafluoroethylene material, and drilling a circular through hole along the axial direction of the test piece, wherein the diameter of the through hole is 0.48 cm;
s7, placing the core holder containing the test piece in a low-field nuclear magnetic resonance device, keeping the loading confining pressure of the core holder at 2MPa and the pressure constant, and driving ultrapure water into the core holder to drive the ultrapure water through the whole test piece;
s8, testing the nuclear magnetic signal of the inner part of the core holder containing the test piece to be 6342.71 by using low-field nuclear magnetic resonance equipment;
s9, calculating the mass of water contained in the core holder when the test piece is contained according to the calibration relation in the step S2 to be 1.96 g;
s10, calculating the mass of water contained in the through hole in the test piece to be 1.09g according to the diameter and the length of the through hole in the test piece;
s11, subtracting the mass of water contained in the through hole in the test piece from the mass of water contained in the core holder when the test piece is contained to obtain that the mass of water contained in the inlet pipeline and the outlet pipeline of the core holder is 0.87 g;
s12, subtracting the mass of water contained in the inlet pipeline and the outlet pipeline of the rock core holder from the mass of water contained in the rock core holder when the rock sample is contained to obtain the mass of water contained in the rock sample crack of 3.37g, and calculating to obtain the volume of water contained in the rock sample crack of 3.37cm3；
And S13, dividing the volume of water contained in the rock sample fracture by the external volume of the rock sample to obtain the rock sample fracture porosity of 11.18%.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A method for testing the porosity of a rock fracture by using a low-field nuclear magnetic resonance device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, performing air draft drying on the cylindrical target crack rock sample to constant weight, measuring the length L and the diameter D of the rock sample, and calculating the external surface volume V of the rock sample;
s2, testing a nuclear magnetic signal calibration sample by using low-field nuclear magnetic resonance equipment, and establishing a calibration relational expression between nuclear magnetic signal quantity and water containing quality;
s3, placing the rock sample into a rock core holder, loading confining pressure of the rock core holder and maintaining the pressure constant, and driving ultrapure water into the rock sample to drive the ultrapure water through the whole rock sample, wherein the fracture part of the rock sample is completely saturated with the ultrapure water; testing the nuclear magnetic signals in the rock core holder containing the rock sample by using low-field nuclear magnetic resonance equipment;
s4, calculating the water mass W contained in the core holder when the rock sample is contained according to the calibration relation in the step S21；
S5, manufacturing a cylindrical test piece which has the same length and diameter as the target fractured rock sample and is made of a polytetrafluoroethylene material, and drilling a circular through hole along the axial direction of the test piece;
s6, placing the test piece into the core holder, and calculating the mass W of water contained in the core holder when the test piece is contained by adopting the same method as the steps S3 and S42；
S7, calculating the water content W in the through hole in the test piece according to the diameter and the length of the through hole3；
S8, using W2Minus W3Obtaining the mass W of water contained in the inlet pipeline and the outlet pipeline of the core holder4(ii) a By W1Minus W4Obtaining the water mass W contained in the rock sample cracks5And calculating to obtain the volume V of water contained in the rock sample crackwThereby using VwAnd dividing by V to obtain the porosity of the rock sample fracture by calculation.
2. The method for testing the porosity of the rock fracture by using the low-field nuclear magnetic resonance equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the core holder is H-free1Made of polytetrafluoroethylene material.
3. The method for testing the porosity of the rock fractures by using the low-field nuclear magnetic resonance device according to claim 1, wherein the calibration relation between the nuclear magnetic signal quantity and the water containing quality is as follows:
wherein x is the mass of water, g; and y is nuclear magnetic signal quantity and is dimensionless.
4. The method for testing the porosity of the rock fracture by using the low-field nuclear magnetic resonance equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the confining pressure of the loaded core holder is 2 MPa.
5. The method for testing the porosity of the rock cracks by using the low-field nuclear magnetic resonance equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the test piece is made of a polytetrafluoroethylene material, and the diameter of the through hole is 4.8 mm.
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| US11579326B2 (en) | 2021-03-10 | 2023-02-14 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Nuclear magnetic resonance method quantifying fractures in unconventional source rocks |
| CN113189129A (en) * | 2021-05-07 | 2021-07-30 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Rock crack porosity detection process |
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| CN117269223B (en) * | 2023-11-20 | 2024-01-26 | 东北石油大学三亚海洋油气研究院 | Method for calibrating multi-scale crack two-dimensional nuclear magnetism T1-T2 distribution of lamellar shale |
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