CN112098274A - Visual coal seam water injection two-phase seepage experiment system and method - Google Patents
Visual coal seam water injection two-phase seepage experiment system and method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
- G01N13/04—Investigating osmotic effects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/0806—Details, e.g. sample holders, mounting samples for testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
Abstract
The invention discloses a visual coal seam water injection two-phase seepage experiment system and method, relates to the technical field of mine disaster prevention and control, and can visually observe and analyze the seepage process of gas-liquid mixed fluid in coal fractures. The experimental system realizes visual seepage test based on real coal fracture morphology through technologies such as CT scanning, laser etching and surface electrical property adjustment, and can also be used for researching the influence characteristics of reservoir surface electrical property on coal seam water injection seepage; the experiment system is utilized to carry out experiments, and the method comprises the steps of manufacturing a plane fracture model, testing water injection seepage, adjusting the concentration of the fluid surfactant and the surface electrical property of the model, and then analyzing the coal gas-liquid two-phase seepage characteristic, so that the fluid flow and distribution form under different reservoir surface electrical property conditions can be more scientifically and effectively reflected, a more comprehensive and accurate theoretical basis can be provided for the improvement and development of a coal seam water injection technology, and the prevention and control of coal mine dust and coal rock dynamic disasters can be facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mine disaster prevention and control, in particular to a visual coal seam water injection two-phase seepage experiment system and an experiment method using the same.
Background
Engineering practices for a long time show that the coal seam water injection technology can effectively prevent and control coal mine dust and coal rock dynamic disasters. However, the seepage mechanism of water in the coal fracture network in the coal seam flooding process is still under research and research. Because gas exists in the coal seam, the water injection into the coal seam through the drilling is essentially a two-phase seepage process of water-driving gas. The currently generally adopted simulation experiment method is to prepare a columnar coal sample, to make the coal sample saturated and adsorb methane in a closed cavity, and to displace gas by axial water injection seepage so as to observe the permeability characteristic of water injection. However, the traditional closed seepage experiment method has the limitation that the gas-liquid two-phase distribution in the coal body fracture in the seepage process cannot be observed visually.
In addition, many studies are available that show that reservoir electrical properties are important factors affecting the morphology of the seepage. In addition, the coal seam is often added with a surfactant for reinforced water injection during water injection, and the clear water added with the surfactant has a more complex two-phase seepage form mixed with gas in coal under the influence of different electrical conditions on the surface of a coal reservoir. The existing seepage experiment technical means can not carry out seepage tests under different electrical conditions. In the prior art, most artificial fractures manufactured are subjectively etched artificial fractures, and the fractures cannot reflect the real fracture form of the coal body. In order to visually analyze the seepage process of water injection in a coal body fracture and simulate the water injection two-phase seepage characteristics under different reservoir electrical conditions, the existing seepage experiment system and method need to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a visual coal seam water injection two-phase seepage experiment system and method, aiming at visually observing and analyzing the seepage process of gas-liquid mixed fluid in a coal fracture and simulating the water injection two-phase seepage characteristics under different reservoirs and different electrical conditions.
A visual coal seam water injection two-phase seepage experiment system comprises a gas storage bottle, a gas injection pump, a liquid storage bottle, a liquid injection pump, a vacuum pump, a plane fracture model, a rheostat, a power supply, a gas-liquid separator, a high-speed camera and a computer; the liquid storage bottle is connected with the liquid injection pump, and the gas storage bottle is connected with the gas injection pump; the air injection pump, the liquid injection pump and the vacuum pump are all connected with an inlet valve of the plane fracture model through pipelines; the plane crack model comprises a glass plate, a metal plate, an inlet valve and an outlet valve, wherein the metal plate and the glass plate are vertically attached, and the inlet valve and the outlet valve are oppositely arranged on two side edges; the outlet valve is connected with the gas-liquid separator, and the metal plate is connected with the rheostat and the power supply; the gas-liquid separator is provided with a liquid outlet pipe and a gas outlet pipe respectively, the liquid outlet pipe is provided with a liquid flowmeter, and the gas outlet pipe is provided with a gas flowmeter; the high-speed camera is arranged above the plane fracture model and used for monitoring the gas-liquid mixed flowing form inside the plane fracture model; the computer controls the power supply, the rheostat and the high-speed camera to work and receives monitoring information of the high-speed camera, the liquid flowmeter and the gas flowmeter.
Preferably, a plane crack is arranged between the glass plate and the metal plate to simulate a local coal body crack network pore passage.
Preferably, the edges of the glass plate and the metal plate are fixed by bonding, the glass plate and the metal plate are horizontally placed, and the metal plate is made of an aluminum foil material.
Preferably, the power supply supplies power to the metal plate, and the varistor controls the charge density of the metal plate.
A method for visualizing a two-phase seepage experiment of coal seam water injection utilizes the two-phase seepage experiment system of coal seam water injection, and comprises the following steps:
A. selecting a coal bed test sample, and manufacturing a standard coal sample;
B. performing CT scanning on the coal sample to obtain an image of the coal sample cross section fracture plane distribution form, performing binarization processing on the image, and extracting fracture distribution characteristics;
C. according to the crack distribution characteristics of the coal sample, obtaining plane cracks on the glass plate through laser etching;
D. carrying out an antenna test on the coal sample to obtain a contact angle of clear water on the surface of the coal, spraying a hydrophobic coating on the contact surface of the glass plate and the metal plate, and keeping the contact angle of the clear water on the contact surface and the surface of the coal to be the same;
E. adhering and fixing the glass plate and the metal plate, and respectively arranging an inlet valve and an outlet valve at the opposite sides;
F. closing the outlet valve, starting the vacuum pump, vacuumizing the simulated partial coal body fracture network pore passage, and closing the vacuum pump;
G. opening a gas storage bottle and an air injection pump, and closing the air injection pump after injecting methane gas into the coal body fracture network pore passage;
H. opening an outlet valve, starting a liquid injection pump, injecting water into the coal body fracture network pore canal, simulating the process of water-flooding gas seepage in the coal body fracture, and simultaneously recording the process of water-flooding gas seepage by a high-speed camera and transmitting information to a computer;
I. after the gas and the liquid flowing out of the outlet valve are separated by the gas-liquid separator, the liquid flow meter and the gas flow meter transmit monitoring information to the computer.
Preferably, the clear water obtained in the step D is added with a surfactant to perform a water injection seepage test, and the strengthening effect of the surfactant on the water injection seepage is determined according to monitoring information in the water flooding gas seepage process.
Preferably, in the step H, the rheostat is adjusted while the liquid injection pump is started, and the influence of the electrical strength of the surface of the reservoir on the water injection seepage is determined according to the monitoring information in the process of water flooding gas seepage.
It is also preferable that the computer processes the monitoring information based on the liquid flow meter and the gas flow meter, and calculates the relative permeabilities of the gas and the liquid.
The visual coal seam water injection two-phase seepage experiment system and method provided by the invention have the beneficial effects that:
(1) the visual coal seam water injection two-phase seepage experiment system uses CT scanning and laser etching to simulate real coal body fractures, and simulates the influence of the surface electrical strength of different reservoirs on water injection seepage through the adjustment of electrical property and electric charge quantity, and a visual coal seam water injection two-phase seepage plane fracture model is established by using a glass plate; the fluid flow and distribution form under different reservoir surface electrical conditions can be intuitively reflected.
(2) Compared with the existing seepage experiment method, the method for carrying out the visualized coal seam water injection two-phase seepage experiment by using the system not only can visually observe and analyze the seepage process of gas-liquid mixing in the coal body fracture, but also can study the fluid flow and distribution form under the electrical conditions of different reservoir surfaces. In addition, by utilizing the experimental method, different relative permeability results can be obtained by respectively carrying out experiments under the conditions of different coal body fracture network forms, fractal dimensions, surface electrical properties, gas pressure and water injection pressure, so that the relationship between the relative permeability of gas and liquid and the coal body fracture network forms, the fractal dimensions, the surface electrical properties, the gas pressure and the water injection pressure is analyzed.
Drawings
In order to clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions of the present invention in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a visual coal seam water injection two-phase seepage experiment system;
in the figure: 1-gas storage bottle, 2-gas injection pump, 3-liquid storage bottle, 4-liquid injection pump, 5-vacuum pump, 6-rheostat, 7-power supply, 8-gas-liquid separator, 9-high-speed camera, 10-computer, 11-glass plate, 12-metal plate, 13-inlet valve, 14-outlet valve, 15-gas flowmeter and 16-liquid flowmeter.
Detailed Description
With reference to fig. 1, a specific embodiment of a visualized coal seam flooding two-phase seepage experiment system and method provided by the present invention will be described.
Example 1
A visual coal seam water injection two-phase seepage experiment system comprises a gas storage bottle 1, a gas injection pump 2, a liquid storage bottle 3, a liquid injection pump 4, a vacuum pump 5, a plane crack model, a rheostat 6, a power supply 7, a gas-liquid separator 8, a high-speed camera 9 and a computer 10. The liquid storage bottle 3 is connected with the liquid injection pump 4 and supplies liquid for the plane crack model, and the type of the liquid in the liquid storage bottle can be selected according to the requirement. The gas storage bottle 1 is connected with the gas injection pump 2 and supplies gas for the plane crack model, and the gas in the gas storage bottle 1 can be selected according to the requirement. The gas injection pump 2, the liquid injection pump 4 and the vacuum pump 5 are connected with an inlet valve of the plane fracture model through pipelines, so that liquid injection and gas injection are respectively realized. The planar crack model comprises a glass plate 11, a metal plate 12, an inlet valve 13 and an outlet valve 14, wherein the metal plate 12 and the glass plate 11 are arranged in a vertically attached mode, and the inlet valve 13 and the outlet valve 14 are oppositely arranged on two side edges. The outlet valve 14 is connected with the gas-liquid separator 8, the gas-liquid separator 8 separates the gas and the liquid which seep, the metal plate 12 is connected with the rheostat 6 and the power supply, thereby the voltage and the electric property of the metal plate can be adjusted. The gas-liquid separator 8 is respectively provided with a liquid outlet pipe and a gas outlet pipe, the liquid outlet pipe is provided with a liquid flowmeter 16, and the gas outlet pipe is provided with a gas flowmeter 15 for recording the seepage flow of gas and liquid. The high-speed camera 9 is arranged above the plane fracture model and used for monitoring the gas-liquid mixed flowing form inside the plane fracture model. The computer controls the power supply 7, the rheostat 6 and the high-speed camera 9 to work, and receives, records and processes monitoring information from the high-speed camera, the liquid flow meter and the gas flow meter.
A plane crack is arranged between the glass plate 11 and the metal plate 12, and the plane crack model can simulate a local coal body crack network pore passage. The edges of the glass plate 11 and the metal plate 12 are fixed by bonding, the glass plate 11 and the metal plate 12 are horizontally placed, and the metal plate 12 is made of an aluminum foil material, so that the glass plate has better conductivity. A power supply 7 supplies power to the metal plate and a varistor 6 controls the charge density on the metal plate.
A method for visualizing a two-phase seepage experiment of coal seam water injection utilizes the two-phase seepage experiment system of coal seam water injection, and comprises the following specific steps:
A. and selecting a coal bed experiment sample, and manufacturing a standard coal sample. Wherein, can be through on-the-spot sample, then make the coal sample test piece of standard to can realize the simulation under the different geological conditions condition.
B. And performing CT scanning on the coal sample to obtain an image of the coal sample cross section fracture plane distribution form, performing binarization processing on the image, and extracting fracture distribution characteristics. Mainly the fractal dimension can be obtained.
C. According to the crack distribution characteristics of the coal sample, planar cracks are obtained on the glass plate through laser etching, the glass plate can be a quartz glass plate, and in addition, a bonded edge needs to be reserved on the periphery of the glass plate.
D. And (3) carrying out an antenna test on the coal sample to obtain a contact angle of clear water on the surface of the coal, spraying a hydrophobic coating on the contact surface of the glass plate and the metal plate, and repeatedly trying to keep the contact angle of the clear water on the contact surface and the surface of the coal to be the same.
In addition, when the influence of the surfactant on water injection seepage is researched, the surfactant can be added into the clear water to perform a water injection seepage test, and the strengthening effect of the surfactant on the water injection seepage is determined according to monitoring information in the process of driving gas seepage by water.
E. And (3) bonding and fixing the glass plate and the metal plate, respectively configuring an inlet valve and an outlet valve at the opposite sides, and connecting the planar fracture model into an experimental system.
F. And closing the outlet valve, starting the vacuum pump, vacuumizing the simulated local coal body fracture network pore passage, and closing the vacuum pump.
G. And opening the gas storage bottle and the gas injection pump, and closing the gas injection pump after injecting methane gas into the coal body fracture network pore passage.
H. And opening the outlet valve, starting the liquid injection pump, injecting water into the coal body fracture network pore canal, simulating the process of water-flooding gas seepage in the coal body fracture, and simultaneously recording the process of water-flooding gas seepage by the high-speed camera and transmitting information to the computer.
In addition, when the influence of the electrical property strength of the surface of the reservoir on water injection seepage is researched, the rheostat is adjusted while the liquid injection pump is started, and the influence of the electrical property strength of the surface of the reservoir on the water injection seepage is determined according to monitoring information in the process of water flooding gas seepage.
I. After the gas and the liquid flowing out of the outlet valve are separated by the gas-liquid separator, the liquid flow meter and the gas flow meter transmit monitoring information to the computer. And the computer processes the monitoring information according to the liquid flowmeter and the gas flowmeter and calculates to obtain the relative permeability of the gas and the liquid.
Example 2
On the basis of example 1, the experimental method is further described by taking a coal sample collected from a working face of a certain mine 208 as an example.
The experiment adopts a coal sample collected from a No. 208 working face of a certain mine, adopts on-site coal block drilling to prepare a standard coal sample, obtains the fracture plane distribution form of the section of the columnar coal sample by a CT scanning technology, and obtains the fracture distribution form characteristics by image binarization processing. And then calculating the fractal dimension of the fracture morphology to be 2.6 by a box-counting dimension method. Etching on a quartz glass plate by adopting a laser etching technology according to the real coal body fracture image data, and reserving a 0.5cm area on the periphery of the glass plate without etching treatment.
And (5) carrying out contact angle test to obtain that the contact angle of clear water on the surface of the coal is 32 degrees. And spraying a surface hydrophobic coating on the etched glass plate and the etched metal plate by using a nano hydrophobic coating material, and ensuring that the contact angle of the clean water on the surfaces of the glass plate and the metal plate after spraying is consistent with that of the clean water on the surface of a real coal body through repeated attempts.
The glass plate and the metal plate are tightly bonded by using a solid adhesive, an inlet valve and an outlet valve are respectively drilled on the left side and the right side of the plane crack model, and then the plane crack model and other parts and assemblies are connected.
Firstly, 500mL of clear water is stored in the liquid storage bottle, the outlet valve is closed, the vacuum pump is started to vacuumize the fracture network pore space in the model, and then the vacuum pump is closed. Methane gas is reserved in the gas storage bottle in advance, the gas injection pump is started, 0.1MPa of methane gas is injected into the model fracture network pore passage, and then the gas injection pump is closed. And starting a liquid injection pump, injecting clear water into the model fracture network pore canal at the flow rate of 5mL/min, simulating the process of water-driving gas seepage, separating gas and liquid after passing through a gas-liquid separator, respectively monitoring the flow rates of the gas and the liquid by a liquid flowmeter and a gas flowmeter, and transmitting and recording data in a computer in real time. And starting a high-speed camera in the water flooding gas seepage process, and observing and recording the gas-liquid two-phase distribution form inside the planar fracture model in real time.
In addition, after the water injection seepage test is carried out by adopting the clean water, a certain concentration of surfactant can be added into the clean water. Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is selected to prepare fluid containing the surfactant, the fluid is re-filled into a liquid storage bottle, the experiment is repeated, the water injection seepage test is carried out again, and the water injection seepage characteristic under the strengthening effect of the surfactant is researched. The power supply voltage can be adjusted or adjusted through the rheostat, the charge density on the metal plate can be adjusted, the metal plate has different electrical properties, the positive and negative electrical properties on the metal plate can be changed by changing the positive and negative electrodes of the power supply, and therefore the water injection seepage characteristics under different reservoir surface electrical property strengths can be researched.
In the above experiment, the relative permeability of gas and liquid can be calculated by combining the flow data of gas and liquid, and the fluid pressure with Darcy's law. And different relative permeability experimental results can be obtained by respectively carrying out experiments under the conditions of different coal body fracture network forms, fractal dimensions, surface electrical properties, gas pressure and water injection pressure, so that the relationship between the relative permeability of gas and liquid and the coal body fracture network forms, the fractal dimensions, the surface electrical properties, the gas pressure and the water injection pressure is analyzed. Meanwhile, according to image data shot by the high-speed camera, the relationship between the gas-liquid two-phase distribution form in the model and the experimental variables can be analyzed.
It is to be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art may make modifications, alterations, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A visual coal seam water injection two-phase seepage experiment system is characterized by comprising a gas storage bottle, a gas injection pump, a liquid storage bottle, a liquid injection pump, a vacuum pump, a plane fracture model, a rheostat, a power supply, a gas-liquid separator, a high-speed camera and a computer;
the liquid storage bottle is connected with the liquid injection pump, and the gas storage bottle is connected with the gas injection pump; the air injection pump, the liquid injection pump and the vacuum pump are all connected with an inlet valve of the plane fracture model through pipelines;
the plane crack model comprises a glass plate, a metal plate, an inlet valve and an outlet valve, wherein the metal plate and the glass plate are vertically attached, and the inlet valve and the outlet valve are oppositely arranged on two side edges; the outlet valve is connected with the gas-liquid separator, and the metal plate is connected with the rheostat and the power supply; the gas-liquid separator is provided with a liquid outlet pipe and a gas outlet pipe respectively, the liquid outlet pipe is provided with a liquid flowmeter, and the gas outlet pipe is provided with a gas flowmeter;
the high-speed camera is arranged above the plane fracture model and used for monitoring the gas-liquid mixed flowing form inside the plane fracture model; the computer controls the power supply, the rheostat and the high-speed camera to work and receives monitoring information of the high-speed camera, the liquid flowmeter and the gas flowmeter.
2. The system for the visual two-phase seepage experiment of the coal seam water injection according to claim 1, wherein a plane crack is arranged between the glass plate and the metal plate to simulate a local coal body crack network pore.
3. The two-phase seepage experiment system for visual coal seam water injection is characterized in that the edges of the glass plate and the metal plate are fixed through bonding, the glass plate and the metal plate are horizontally arranged, and the metal plate is made of an aluminum foil material.
4. The system for visual coal seam water injection two-phase seepage experiment of claim 1, wherein the power supply supplies power to the metal plate, and the rheostat controls the charge density on the metal plate.
5. A method for visualizing two-phase seepage flow experiment of coal seam flooding, which utilizes the system for visualizing two-phase seepage flow experiment of coal seam flooding as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. selecting a coal bed test sample, and manufacturing a standard coal sample;
B. performing CT scanning on the coal sample to obtain an image of the coal sample cross section fracture plane distribution form, performing binarization processing on the image, and extracting fracture distribution characteristics;
C. according to the crack distribution characteristics of the coal sample, obtaining plane cracks on the glass plate through laser etching;
D. carrying out an antenna test on the coal sample to obtain a contact angle of clear water on the surface of the coal, spraying a hydrophobic coating on the contact surface of the glass plate and the metal plate, and keeping the contact angle of the clear water on the contact surface and the surface of the coal to be the same;
E. adhering and fixing the glass plate and the metal plate, and respectively arranging an inlet valve and an outlet valve at the opposite sides;
F. closing the outlet valve, starting the vacuum pump, vacuumizing the simulated partial coal body fracture network pore passage, and closing the vacuum pump;
G. opening a gas storage bottle and an air injection pump, and closing the air injection pump after injecting methane gas into the coal body fracture network pore passage;
H. opening an outlet valve, starting a liquid injection pump, injecting water into the coal body fracture network pore canal, simulating the process of water-flooding gas seepage in the coal body fracture, and simultaneously recording the process of water-flooding gas seepage by a high-speed camera and transmitting information to a computer;
I. after the gas and the liquid flowing out of the outlet valve are separated by the gas-liquid separator, the liquid flow meter and the gas flow meter transmit monitoring information to the computer.
6. The method for visualizing the two-phase seepage experiment of coal seam water injection according to claim 5, wherein a surfactant is added into the clean water in the step D, a water injection seepage test is performed, and the strengthening effect of the surfactant on the water injection seepage is determined according to monitoring information in the process of water flooding gas seepage.
7. The method for visualizing the two-phase seepage experiment of coal seam water injection according to claim 5, wherein in the step H, the rheostat is adjusted while the liquid injection pump is started, and the influence of the electrical strength of the surface of the reservoir on the water injection seepage is determined according to the monitoring information in the process of water flooding gas seepage.
8. The method for visualizing the two-phase seepage experiment of coal seam water injection according to claim 5, wherein the computer processes the monitoring information according to the liquid flow meter and the gas flow meter, and calculates the relative permeability of the gas and the liquid.
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| CN112881259A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-06-01 | 山东科技大学 | Visualization device and method for measuring gas-water relative permeability of joint network based on steady state method |
| CN113176104A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-07-27 | 河南大学 | Water injection seepage test device for underground oil depot water curtain system |
| CN114885130A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-08-09 | 中国矿业大学 | Intelligent monitoring and early warning system and method for dust disasters of coal mine excavation face |
| US11630049B1 (en) * | 2022-11-18 | 2023-04-18 | Chongqing University | Test piece holder for coalbed fracturing |
| CN115308103B (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2024-05-17 | 中国矿业大学 | System and method for testing flow characteristics of multiphase medium in coal or rock mass fracture |
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