CN110702352A - Device for testing shock resistance of beam column member - Google Patents
Device for testing shock resistance of beam column member Download PDFInfo
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- CN110702352A CN110702352A CN201911171380.4A CN201911171380A CN110702352A CN 110702352 A CN110702352 A CN 110702352A CN 201911171380 A CN201911171380 A CN 201911171380A CN 110702352 A CN110702352 A CN 110702352A
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/08—Shock-testing
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device for testing the shock resistance of a beam column member, which comprises a dynamic loading part, a member loading part and a detection and analysis part, wherein the dynamic loading part is used for loading the member; the dynamic loading component comprises a launching device, a bullet, an incident rod and an impact head; one end of the incident rod is over against the emitting port of the emitting device, and the other end of the incident rod is provided with an impact head; during testing, the component is loaded on the component loading part, and the impact head is tightly attached to the side surface of the component; the launching device launches a bullet to impact the incident rod; the detection and analysis component comprises a bullet speed measuring device for detecting the speed of a bullet, an incident rod stress detection system for detecting the stress change condition of an incident rod, a component deformation detection system for detecting the component deformation condition and the stress change condition, and a data processing system. Belonging to the technical field of component impact resistance test; the test data result is reliable, the operation is simple, and the lateral impact test of the component under various load working conditions can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of component impact resistance testing, in particular to a device for testing the impact resistance of a beam column component.
Background
In view of the advantages of simple principle, convenient operation and high precision of test results of the split hopkinson pressure lever (SHPB) device, the study on the dynamic performance of materials by using the split hopkinson pressure lever (SHPB) device has become the mainstream experimental method in recent years. However, the existing experimental equipment for researching the dynamic response of the component under the impact action is mainly a drop hammer device, but the repeated impact of the drop hammer causes the high-frequency oscillation appearing on an impact force time-course curve and the influence of the inertia of the drop hammer on the impact loading, so that the experimental equipment has disadvantages on the processing and analysis of the test result.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention aims to: the device for testing the shock resistance of the beam column member can realize the lateral impact test of the beam column member, and compared with a drop hammer device, the device cannot generate the phenomenon of repeated impact on the member, and the test data result is more reliable.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a test beam column component shock resistance's device which characterized in that: the device comprises a dynamic loading component, a component loading component and a detection and analysis component; the dynamic loading component comprises a launching device, a bullet, an incident rod and an impact head; one end of the incident rod is over against the emitting port of the emitting device, and the other end of the incident rod is provided with an impact head; during testing, the component is loaded on the component loading part, and the impact head is tightly attached to the side surface of the component; the launching device launches a bullet to impact the incident rod; the detection and analysis component comprises a bullet speed measuring device for detecting the speed of a bullet, an incident rod stress detection system for detecting the stress change condition of an incident rod, a component deformation detection system for detecting the component deformation condition and the stress change condition, and a data processing system.
The dynamic loading part of the invention is to remove the transmission rod and the buffer rod on the basis of the SHPB, and the incident rod is butted with the component loaded on the component loading part through the impact head to carry out the lateral impact test on the component. The bullet speed measuring device is a conventional speed measuring device and comprises a parallel light source and a speed measuring circuit. The incident rod stress detection system is a conventional stress test system and comprises a strain gauge arranged on an incident rod, a dynamic allergy meter and an intelligent measurement analyzer. The component deformation detection system is a conventional component deformation testing system and comprises a strain gauge perpendicular to the axial direction of a component, a strain gauge along the axial direction of the component, a displacement meter and a strain acquisition instrument. After the structure is adopted, when the component is tested, the phenomenon of repeatedly impacting the component can be avoided by controlling the length of the bullet; the analysis can be carried out by combining two groups of data collected from the incident rod and the structural member, and the data result is more reliable.
Preferably, the component loading part comprises a working platform, a front end reaction frame, a rear end reaction frame, a first support arranged close to the front end reaction frame, a second support arranged between the front end reaction frame and the rear end reaction frame, and an axial static loading device arranged between the second support and the rear end reaction frame; the front end reaction frame, the rear end reaction frame and the support are fixed on the working platform, and the first support and the second support are provided with placing positions which are positioned on the same horizontal straight line along the front-rear direction and used for placing components;
the axial static loading device comprises a jack and a spring; the detection component also comprises a sensor for testing the axial static force applied to the component by the axial static force loading device; the jack, the sensor and the spring are sequentially and fixedly connected along the same horizontal straight line in the front-back direction; during the test, the rear end of the jack is abutted against the rear end reaction frame, and the front end of the spring is abutted against the rear end face of the member placed at the placing position. After the structure is adopted, the axial pressure action can be exerted on the component, and the eccentric pressure action is exerted on the component through the left and right movement of the jack.
Preferably, the component loading assembly further comprises a rail table fixed to the ground, and the work platform is disposed on the rail table by the fore-aft translation assembly. The front and back translation assembly comprises a guide rail along the front and back direction and a movable part which is fixed at the bottom of the working platform and matched with the guide rail. After the structure is adopted, the working platform can be translated forwards and backwards, so that impact on different positions of the side surface of the component is realized, and the lateral impact resistance of the component at different impact positions is researched.
Preferably, the shape of the end face of one end, connected with the member, of the impact head is set to be a cambered surface or a plane attached to the member, and the impact head is detachably mounted at one end of the incident rod. After the structure is adopted, the impact head can adapt to components with different cross section shapes and sizes, the accuracy of a test result can be guaranteed, and the impact head can be replaced conveniently in a detachable installation mode.
Preferably, the material of the bullet and the impact head is the same as that of the incident rod. With this structure, the wave impedance is ensured to be uniform.
Preferably, grease is coated on the contact parts of the impact head and the component and the impact head and the incident rod during the test. After adopting this kind of structure, reduce the influence of terminal surface friction effect to the experimental result.
Preferably, a wave shaper is arranged on an end face of the incident rod, which is opposite to the emitting port of the emitting device. After the structure is adopted, the requirements of different tests can be met through controlling the stress wave waveform.
Preferably, the device for testing the impact resistance of the beam-column member further comprises a loading device for applying vertically uniform load or vertically concentrated force to the beam member. After the structure is adopted, the vertical concentrated force of the vertical uniform load and any position can be applied to the component, the test requirements of the component under the combined action of the axial load, the vertical uniform load and the lateral impact load can be met, and the lateral impact test of the component under various load working conditions is realized.
Preferably, the detection means further comprise a high-speed camera recording the evolution of the topography during the component test. After the structure is adopted, the shape evolution process of the component under the action of lateral impact can be recorded.
Preferably, the detection component further comprises an acoustic emission instrument for dynamically tracking and locating the cracks of the component. By adopting the structure, the crack of the component can be dynamically tracked and positioned, the acoustic emission energy-peak frequency correlation diagram in the failure process is analyzed, and the failure mode and damage degradation mechanism of the component under the action of multiple loads are searched.
In summary, the present invention has the following advantages:
compared with a drop hammer device, the drop hammer device has the advantages that when a component is tested, the length of the bullet can be controlled, and the phenomenon that the component is repeatedly impacted is avoided; the invention can combine two groups of data collected from the incident rod and the member for analysis, and the data result is more reliable.
The device of the invention utilizes the launching device to drive the bullet to impact the incident rod, then generates stress pulse and transmits in the incident rod, part of energy is transmitted to the component through the impact head and dissipated, and the rest energy returns to the incident rod in the form of reflected wave. The lateral impact resistance of the member is discussed by comprehensively analyzing the waveform recorded by the strain gauge on the incident rod and the signal of the strain gauge on the member. The invention can test the dynamic response of the component under the combined action of the vertically uniformly distributed load, the vertical concentrated force, the axial load and the lateral impact load, and can develop the influence of boundary constraint conditions, eccentricity, axial ratio, vertical load, impact position, impact energy and the like on the lateral impact resistance of the beam-column component; the crack development of the component is dynamically tracked and positioned by using the acoustic emission instrument and the high-speed camera, so that the failure mode, damage degradation mechanism, deformation characteristic and residual bearing capacity of the component under the action of complex load can be explored from a microscopic level. The invention has simple operation and reliable data result.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an apparatus for testing impact resistance of a beam column member.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a test state in which the axial static force effect is considered.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a test state in consideration of the vertically uniform load effect.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a test state in which a vertical concentrated force acts is considered.
Fig. 5a is a schematic view of the structure of the truncated cone type impact head in the front view direction.
Fig. 5b is a schematic cross-sectional view of a truncated cone type impact head.
Fig. 6a is a schematic structural diagram of the arc concave impact head in the front view direction.
Fig. 6b is a schematic cross-sectional view of a circular arc concave impact head.
Shown in the figure:
the method comprises the following steps of 1-launching device, 2-bullet, 3-incident rod, 4-impact head, 5-working platform, 6-front end reaction frame, 7-rear end reaction frame, 8-first support, 9-second support, 10-jack, 11-spring, 12-sensor, 13-strain gauge, 14-strain gauge vertical to the axial direction of the component, 15-strain gauge along the axial direction of the component, 16-displacement meter, 17-guide rail, 18-guide rail table, 19-downward uniform load, 20-downward concentrated force, 21-component, 22-parallel light source and 23-waveform shaper.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.
The device for testing the shock resistance of the beam column component comprises a dynamic loading part, a component loading part and a detection and analysis part.
The dynamic loading component comprises a launching device, a bullet, an incident rod and an impact head. One end of the incident rod is over against the emitting port of the emitting device, and the other end of the incident rod is provided with an impact head; during testing, the component is loaded on the component loading part, and the impact head is tightly attached to the side surface of the component; the launching device launches a bullet to impact the incident rod.
The shape of the end face of one end, connected with the component, of the impact head is set to be an arc face or a plane attached to the component so as to adapt to components with different cross section shapes and sizes, for example, the impact head is designed to be a truncated cone type impact head for testing the components with rectangular cross sections, and the impact head is designed to be an arc concave type impact head for testing the components with circular cross sections; the impact head is detachably arranged at one end of the incident rod so as to be convenient for replacing the impact head. The bullet and the impact head are made of the same material as the incident rod, so that the wave impedance is consistent. During the test, the contact positions of the impact head and the component and the impact head and the incident rod are coated with butter so as to reduce the influence of the end face friction effect on the test result. The end face of the incident rod, which faces the emitting port of the emitting device, is provided with a waveform shaper, and the requirements of different tests can be met by controlling the waveform of the stress wave.
The component loading part comprises a working platform, a front end reaction frame, a rear end reaction frame, a first support arranged close to the front end reaction frame, a second support arranged between the front end reaction frame and the rear end reaction frame, and an axial static loading device arranged between the second support and the rear end reaction frame; the front end reaction frame, the rear end reaction frame and the support are fixed on the working platform, and the first support and the second support are provided with placing positions which are positioned on the same horizontal straight line along the front-rear direction and used for placing components; the axial static loading device comprises a jack and a spring; the detection component also comprises a sensor for testing the axial static force applied to the component by the axial static force loading device; the jack, the sensor and the spring are sequentially and fixedly connected along the same horizontal straight line in the front-back direction; during testing, the rear end of the jack is abutted against the rear end reaction frame, and the front end of the spring is abutted against the rear end face of the member placed at the placing position; the axial static force loading device can apply an axial pressure effect on the component, and an eccentric pressure effect is applied to the component through the left-right movement of the jack.
The component loading part also comprises a guide rail table fixed on the ground, and the working platform is arranged on the guide rail table through the front and back translation assembly. The front and back translation assembly comprises a guide rail along the front and back direction and a movable part which is fixed at the bottom of the working platform and matched with the guide rail. The working platform can be translated forwards and backwards, so that impact on different positions of the side face of the component is realized, and the lateral impact resistance of the component at different impact positions is researched.
The detection and analysis part comprises a bullet speed measuring device for detecting the speed of a bullet, an incident rod stress detection system for detecting the stress change condition of an incident rod, a component deformation detection system for detecting the deformation condition and the stress change condition of a component, and a data processing system. The bullet speed measuring device is a conventional speed measuring device and comprises a parallel light source and a speed measuring circuit. The incident rod stress detection system is a conventional stress test system and comprises a strain gauge arranged on an incident rod, a dynamic allergy meter and an intelligent measurement analyzer. The component deformation detection system is a conventional component deformation testing system and comprises a strain gauge perpendicular to the axial direction of a component, a strain gauge along the axial direction of the component, a displacement meter and a strain acquisition instrument.
The detection part also comprises a high-speed camera for recording the shape evolution process in the component test so as to record the shape evolution process of the component under the action of lateral impact.
The detection part also comprises an acoustic emission instrument for dynamically tracking and positioning the cracks of the component, so as to dynamically track and position the cracks of the component, analyze an acoustic emission energy-peak frequency correlation diagram in the failure process and explore the failure mode and damage degradation mechanism of the component under the action of multiple loads.
The device for testing the shock resistance of the beam column component further comprises a loading device used for applying vertical uniformly distributed loads or vertical concentrated force to the component, the loading device is a conventional loading device and can apply vertical uniformly distributed loads and vertical concentrated force at any position to the component, the device can meet the test requirements of the component under the combined action of axial loads, vertical uniformly distributed loads and lateral impact loads, and the lateral impact test under multiple load working conditions is carried out on the component.
The device for testing the impact resistance of the beam column member is mainly used for testing the impact resistance of the beam column member.
During the experiment, according to incident waves and reflected waves recorded by a strain gauge on an incident rod, the energy consumption mechanism of the component in the lateral impact process is quantitatively analyzed; and comprehensively analyzing the lateral impact resistance of the component by combining the data collected from the component by the strain gauge and the displacement meter and the waveform signal of the strain gauge on the incident rod.
According to the experimental requirements, bullets with different lengths are selected to impact the incident rod at different speeds, and the incident rod obtains all energy of the bullets and transmits the energy to the member due to the fact that the wave impedances of the bullets and the incident rod are the same. The member is deformed to store a part of energy transmitted from the incident beam, and another part of the energy is reflected back to the incident beam. The voltage signal collected by the strain gauge on the incident rod is converted into a strain value, the strain value is converted into a stress waveform, incident energy and reflected energy can be obtained through incident waves and reflected waves, and then the energy absorbed by the component is calculated.
Ea(t)＝Ei(t)-Er(t) (1)
Vε，i(t)＝σi(t)·εi(t) (2)
Vε，r(t)＝σr(t)·εr(t) (3) wherein:
Ea(t) -energy absorbed by the member;
Ei(t) a system of incident energies;
Er(t) -system reflected energy;
Vε，i(t) -system incident strain energy;
Vε,r(t) -system reflection strain energy;
σi(t) -system incident stress;
εi(t) -system incident strain;
σr(t) -system reflection stress;
εr(t) -System reflection strain.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a test beam column component shock resistance's device which characterized in that: the device comprises a dynamic loading component, a component loading component and a detection and analysis component; the dynamic loading component comprises a launching device, a bullet, an incident rod and an impact head; one end of the incident rod is over against the emitting port of the emitting device, and the other end of the incident rod is provided with an impact head; during testing, the component is loaded on the component loading part, and the impact head is tightly attached to the side surface of the component; the launching device launches a bullet to impact the incident rod; the detection and analysis component comprises a bullet speed measuring device for detecting the speed of a bullet, an incident rod stress detection system for detecting the stress change condition of an incident rod, a component deformation detection system for detecting the component deformation condition and the stress change condition, and a data processing system.
2. An apparatus for testing impact resistance of a beam column member according to claim 1, wherein: the component loading part comprises a working platform, a front end reaction frame, a rear end reaction frame, a first support arranged close to the front end reaction frame, a second support arranged between the front end reaction frame and the rear end reaction frame, and an axial static loading device arranged between the second support and the rear end reaction frame; the front end reaction frame, the rear end reaction frame and the support are fixed on the working platform, and the first support and the second support are provided with placing positions which are positioned on the same horizontal straight line along the front-rear direction and used for placing components;
the axial static loading device comprises a jack and a spring; the detection component also comprises a sensor for testing the axial static force applied to the component by the axial static force loading device; the jack, the sensor and the spring are sequentially and fixedly connected along the same horizontal linear direction from front to back; during the test, the rear end of the jack is abutted against the rear end reaction frame, and the front end of the spring is abutted against the rear end face of the member placed at the placing position.
3. An apparatus for testing impact resistance of a beam column member according to claim 2, wherein: the component loading part also comprises a guide rail table fixed on the ground, and the working platform is arranged on the guide rail table through the front and back translation assembly.
4. An apparatus for testing impact resistance of a beam column member according to claim 1, wherein: the shape of the end face of one end, connected with the member, of the impact head is set to be a cambered surface or a plane attached to the member, and the impact head is detachably mounted at one end of the incident rod.
5. An apparatus for testing impact resistance of a beam column member according to claim 1, wherein: the material of the impact head is the same as that of the incident rod.
6. An apparatus for testing impact resistance of a beam column member according to claim 1, wherein: in the test, grease is coated on the contact parts of the impact head and the component and the impact head and the incident rod.
7. An apparatus for testing impact resistance of a beam column member according to claim 1, wherein: and a wave shaper is arranged on the end face of one end of the incident rod, which is opposite to the emission port of the emission device.
8. An apparatus for testing impact resistance of a beam column member according to claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a loading device which is used for applying vertically uniform load or concentrated force at any position to the beam member.
9. An apparatus for testing impact resistance of a beam column member according to claim 1, wherein: the detection component also includes a high-speed camera that records the evolution of the topography during the component test.
10. An apparatus for testing impact resistance of a beam column member according to claim 1, wherein: the detection component also comprises an acoustic emission instrument for dynamically tracking and positioning the cracks of the component.
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| CN201911171380.4A CN110702352B (en) | 2019-11-26 | 2019-11-26 | Device for testing shock resistance of beam column member |
| JP2020150752A JP6860256B1 (en) | 2019-11-26 | 2020-09-08 | Equipment for testing the impact resistance of beam column structural members |
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| CN116678720A (en) * | 2023-06-09 | 2023-09-01 | 四川省地质工程勘察院集团有限公司 | Large-tonnage rock transmitting device for simulating falling rock impact and application method |
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| CN114764534A (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2022-07-19 | 湖北文理学院 | Method, device, storage medium and device for measuring material energy consumption |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JP6860256B1 (en) | 2021-04-14 |
| JP2021085872A (en) | 2021-06-03 |
| CN110702352B (en) | 2021-10-26 |
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