CN112595598A - Inclined layered coal rock physical strength-sound-light-wave integrated testing device and method - Google Patents
Inclined layered coal rock physical strength-sound-light-wave integrated testing device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for integrally testing physical strength, sound, light and wave of inclined layered coal rock, stress is loaded on the inclined layered coal rock test piece by an electro-hydraulic servo rock mechanics loading system, the ultrasonic waveform information and the acoustic emission signals of the ultrasonic waveform, the wave speed, the amplitude, the frequency and the frequency spectrum characteristic parameters of the inclined layered coal rock test piece are deformed by the axial load, the displacement and the lateral displacement of the stress, the fracture expansion direction, length and width data in the fracture process of the inclined layered coal rock mass test piece are collected and monitored through a coal rock mass fracture development dynamic recording system, stored and established, a multi-parameter monitoring index system for the inclined layered coal rock mass fracture is established, the dynamic force-sound-light-wave integrated test of the inclined layered coal rock mass mining is realized, and support is provided for early warning of dynamic disasters of the layered coal rock mass under the action of field mining disturbance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for testing the characteristic experiment of the fracture evolution process of an inclined layered coal rock mass, which can better realize macro-and-micro-integration accurate characterization of the fracture behavior characteristic of the inclined layered coal rock mass in the underground coal mine mining process and belong to the field of experimental rock mechanics.
Background
In the process of underground coal seam mining, surrounding rock bodies of a stope undergo a complete mining dynamic process from original rock stress and axial stress rise and confining pressure decrease to unloading damage, in the process, the layered combined coal rock body is changed from a pressed state to a pulled state, and the mechanical property of an internal structural plane is changed, so that the mechanical behavior of the coal rock body under the mining unloading condition is obviously different from the mechanical property under the conventional loading condition. The deformation, strength and destruction characteristics of the stratified coal rock mass serving as a special sedimentary rock medium are receiving wide attention in recent years as important contents for the research on dynamic disasters of deep coal mines.
The rock is subjected to load to cause the internal microstructure surface to generate, close and expand, so that elastic waves with different energy and different frequencies are rapidly released, for the acoustic emission characteristic of the rock fracture process, most previous researches qualitatively describe the rock fracture characteristic from the angle of parameter analysis, however, the relatively similar parameter characteristics expressed by different lithologies bring certain difficulty for rock fracture prediction. The ultrasonic wave is a nondestructive monitoring method for detecting the internal defects of the material by utilizing the acoustic property difference of the material and the defects thereof to the energy change of the ultrasonic wave transmission waveform reflection condition and the penetration time, and because the ultrasonic wave has the characteristics of geometric acoustics and physical acoustics at the same time, the energy loss is small when the ultrasonic wave is transmitted by a medium, the penetration force is strong, the ultrasonic wave has higher resolution to rock-soil bodies, and a plurality of information related to the rock-soil physical mechanical parameters and the microstructure fracture change is carried when the ultrasonic wave is transmitted by the medium of the rock-soil bodies, so that the ultrasonic wave has stronger advantages and development prospects in the field of rock-soil body testing.
In the process of monitoring and early warning of the fracture of the layered coal rock mass under the action of mining disturbance, multi-source signals in the process of loading the layered coal rock mass are synchronously acquired in real time, and then ultrasonic wave, acoustic emission, fracture expansion and stress strain data are analyzed, so that the multi-physical field response characteristics in the process of initiating, expanding and fracturing internal cracks of the layered coal rock mass can be truly and comprehensively reflected, but the dynamic failure process, the multi-physical field response difference and the like of the layered coal rock mass under the conditions of different stress environments, stress paths and coal rock mass structural attributes are lacked, and the detection, identification, mathematical quantization and monitoring early warning analysis of a system are lacked at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dynamic characteristic force-sound-light-wave integrated testing device and method for mining of an inclined layered coal rock mass.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides an integrated testing device for physical strength, sound, light and wave of inclined layered coal rock, which comprises:
the electro-hydraulic servo rock mechanics loading system I is used for loading stress on the inclined layered coal rock mass test piece and transmitting the axial load, displacement and lateral displacement information of the layered coal rock mass test piece to the ultrasonic testing system II and the acoustic emission testing system III;
the ultrasonic testing system II is used for acquiring incident waveforms, acquiring received waveform signals of the inclined layered coal rock mass test piece and extracting and calculating ultrasonic waveform, wave velocity, amplitude, frequency and frequency spectrum characteristic parameters of the inclined layered coal rock mass test piece;
the acoustic emission testing system III is used for acquiring acoustic emission signal waveforms, impact numbers, energy and amplitude parameters of the inclined layered coal rock mass test piece;
the coal rock fracture development dynamic recording system IV is used for monitoring and storing fracture expansion direction, length and width data in the fracture process of the inclined layered coal rock test piece in real time in the whole process;
the electro-hydraulic servo rock mechanics loading system I is respectively connected with the ultrasonic testing system II and the acoustic emission testing system III, extracts deformation ultrasonic waveform information and acoustic emission signals of the inclined layered coal rock mass test piece under stress respectively, and realizes dynamic force-acoustic-optical-wave integrated testing of the inclined layered coal rock mass through acquisition and storage of the coal rock mass fracture development dynamic recording system IV.
Preferably, the electro-hydraulic servo rock mechanics loading system I comprises a loading rack with an upper pressure head and a lower pressure head, and further comprises a power oil source connected with the lower pressure head; the upper pressure head and the lower pressure head are respectively loaded on an inclined layered coal rock mass test piece, and a stress sensor is arranged in the inclined layered coal rock mass test piece; the inclined stratified coal rock mass test piece is connected to the acoustic emission test system III, the upper pressure head and the lower pressure head are connected to the ultrasonic test system II, and the stress sensor, the upper pressure head, the lower pressure head and the power oil source are respectively connected to the controller.
Preferably, the upper pressure head and the lower pressure head are loaded on the inclined layered coal rock mass test piece through the upper pressure bearing transducer sealing pressure head and the lower pressure bearing transducer sealing pressure head respectively.
Preferably, the stress sensor comprises a loading stress sensor, a vertical extensometer and a lateral extensometer, and the loading stress sensor, the vertical extensometer and the lateral extensometer are respectively connected to the acoustic emission testing system III through a transfer port of a base of the loading system.
Preferably, the acoustic emission testing system III comprises an acoustic emission sensor, an acoustic emission amplifier, an acoustic emission acquisition card and an acoustic emission tester which are sequentially connected with the adapter interface of the loading system base.
Preferably, the ultrasonic testing system II comprises a high-frequency high-voltage amplifier, a waveform generator and an oscilloscope, wherein the waveform generator and the oscilloscope are respectively connected with the high-frequency high-voltage amplifier, and the oscilloscope is connected with an ultrasonic data acquisition and post-processing module II.
Preferably, the coal rock fracture development dynamic recording system IV comprises a high-speed camera, a high-brightness light source and a post-processing module I connected with the high-speed camera, and emergent light beams of the high-speed camera and the high-brightness light source are opposite to an inclined layered coal rock test piece to be tested.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a method for integrally testing the strength, sound, light and wave of the inclined layered coal rock by the device, which comprises the following steps:
1) 1kN loading pressure is set through a control terminal of a rock mechanics loading system of an electro-hydraulic servo experiment, and an inclined layered coal rock mass test piece is clamped by an upper pressure head and a lower pressure head;
2) starting stress, axial strain and circumferential strain overload protection, and starting a loading program after the electro-hydraulic servo experiment rock mechanics loading system performs self-inspection for 10 seconds;
the electro-hydraulic servo rock mechanics experiment system I records axial load, axial displacement and lateral displacement data of the coal rock mass sample in the loading and unloading process; the ultrasonic testing system II collects displacement waveform signals of the coal rock sample; the acoustic emission testing system III records the waveform and event of the displacement acoustic emission signal of the coal rock mass sample, the number of impacts, the energy and the amplitude parameter; a coal rock mass fracture development dynamic recording system IV monitors the fracture expansion direction, length and width in the whole coal rock mass fracture process in real time;
3) after the loading inclined layered coal rock mass test piece reaches the yield limit, obvious macroscopic through cracks appear, and when the stable form is not enough formed, the test is finished; stopping loading;
4) taking other similar inclined layered coal rock mass test pieces, changing different loading and unloading paths and loading rates through an electro-hydraulic servo rock mechanics experiment system I computer control terminal, and repeating the steps 2) -3);
5) and (3) counting test data of each inclined layered coal rock mass test piece, comprehensively analyzing and processing, and exploring macro-micro nonlinear evolution rules of various types, multiple dimensions, multiple scales, multiple time periods and the like in the loading and unloading fracture process of the inclined layered coal rock mass.
Preferably, the maximum load peak value of the electro-hydraulic servo rock mechanical loading system is 4600 kN.
Preferably, the inclination angle of the inclined layered coal rock test piece is 0-90 degrees.
The experimental device of the invention has the following advantages:
1) the experimental device has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable design and strong applicability, can realize the integrated monitoring of stress, ultrasonic waves, acoustic emission and macroscopic crack expansion of the layered coal rock mass under different paths such as uniaxial compression, equivalent cyclic loading and unloading, graded loading and unloading and the like, and collects and stores multi-parameter precursor information in the cracking process of the layered coal rock mass in real time;
2) the experimental device adopts the pressure, strain, ultrasonic and acoustic emission sensors with higher precision, simultaneously realizes the high-definition dynamic imaging technology, has higher experimental test precision and more reliable experimental results;
3) the experimental method can realize loading and unloading of the test piece under different stress states, and explores the conversion relation between macroscopic deformation energy and stress drop, between acoustic emission/micro-seismic energy and the correlation relation between ultrasonic wave waveform speed, between frequency spectrum and acoustic emission energy rate and between event number on the basis of analyzing and processing single-source monitoring data of the electro-hydraulic servo rock mechanics loading system, the ultrasonic testing system, the acoustic emission testing system and the coal rock mass fracture development dynamic recording system, so that the accurate description of macroscopic and microscopic nonlinear characteristics such as multiple types, multiple dimensions, multiple scales and multiple time periods in the loading and unloading process of the laminar coal rock mass is realized, and the method is favorable for establishing the coal mine underground coal rock mass dynamic disaster prediction multi-source premonition information early warning method.
The method has reasonable design and strong operability, can consider various coal mine underground layered coal rock mass loading and unloading stress paths, and accurately, scientifically, conveniently and effectively realize the integrated monitoring of the mining dynamic characteristic force-sound-light-wave of the inclined layered coal rock mass.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the experimental system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of ultrasonic signal parameter extraction according to the present invention.
In the figure: i, an electrohydraulic servo rock mechanics experiment system; II, an ultrasonic testing system; III, acoustic emission testing system; IV, a dynamic recording system for coal-rock body fracture development.
1. Inclining the layered coal rock test piece; 2. loading the rack; 3. a source of motive oil; 4. an upper pressure head; 5. a lower pressure head; 6. a vertical extensometer; 7. a lateral extensometer; 8. an electrohydraulic servo rock mechanics experiment system controller; 9. a waveform generator; 10. a high frequency high voltage amplifier; 11. an oscilloscope; 12. a post-processing module II; 13. the upper pressure-bearing transducer seals the pressure head; 14. the lower pressure-bearing transducer seals the pressure head; 15. an acoustic emission acquisition card; 16. an acoustic emission amplifier; 17. an acoustic emission sensor; 18. an acoustic emission tester; 19. a high-speed camera; 20. a high brightness light source; 21. and a post-processing module I.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples, but the invention is not limited thereto.
As shown in figure 1, the dynamic characteristic force-sound-light-wave integrated testing device for the inclined layered coal rock mass mining of the invention comprises: the system comprises an electro-hydraulic servo rock mechanics experiment system I, an ultrasonic testing system II, an acoustic emission testing system III and a coal rock fracture development dynamic recording system IV. The electro-hydraulic servo rock mechanics loading system I is used for loading stress on the inclined layered coal rock mass test piece and transmitting the axial load, displacement and lateral displacement information of the layered coal rock mass test piece to the ultrasonic testing system II and the acoustic emission testing system III; the ultrasonic testing system II is used for acquiring incident waveforms, acquiring received waveform signals of the inclined layered coal rock mass test piece and extracting and calculating ultrasonic waveform, wave velocity, amplitude, frequency and frequency spectrum characteristic parameters of the inclined layered coal rock mass test piece; the acoustic emission testing system III is used for acquiring acoustic emission signal waveforms, impact numbers, energy and amplitude parameters of the inclined layered coal rock mass test piece 1; and the coal rock fracture development dynamic recording system IV is used for monitoring and storing fracture expansion direction, length and width data in the fracture process of the inclined layered coal rock test piece 1 in real time in the whole process.
The electro-hydraulic servo rock mechanics loading system I is respectively connected with the ultrasonic testing system II and the acoustic emission testing system III, extracts deformation ultrasonic waveform information and acoustic emission signals of the inclined layered coal rock mass test piece under stress respectively, and realizes dynamic force-acoustic-optical-wave integrated testing of the inclined layered coal rock mass through acquisition and storage of the coal rock mass fracture development dynamic recording system IV.
The electro-hydraulic servo rock mechanics loading system I comprises a loading rack 2, a power oil source 3, an upper pressure head 4, a lower pressure head 5 and a controller 8, wherein the inclined layered coal rock mass test piece 1 is arranged between the upper pressure head 4 and the lower pressure head 5 of the loading rack 2, and the upper pressure head 4 and the lower pressure head 5 are loaded on the inclined layered coal rock mass test piece 1 through an upper pressure bearing transducer sealing pressure head 13 and a lower pressure bearing transducer sealing pressure head 14 respectively. The inclined layered coal rock mass test piece 1 is internally provided with a loading stress sensor, a vertical extensometer 6 and a lateral extensometer 7, and the loading stress sensor, the vertical extensometer 6 and the lateral extensometer 7 are respectively connected to a sound emission test system III through a loading system base adapter interface. The upper and lower pressure-bearing transducer sealing pressure heads 13 and 14 at the inner sides of the upper and lower pressure heads 4 and 5 are respectively connected to the ultrasonic testing system II, and the stress sensor, the upper and lower pressure heads 4 and 5 and the power oil source 3 are respectively connected to the controller 8. The loading rack 2 is connected with an electro-hydraulic servo rock mechanics experiment system controller 8 and protected in parallel, the axial extensometer 6 and the lateral extensometer 7 are respectively connected to the controller 8 through a loading system base adapter interface, loading stress, a mode and data acquisition are controlled by the controller 8, and loading and unloading waveforms such as straight lines, sine waves, triangular waves, square waves and the like can be output through the controller 8; the electro-hydraulic servo rock mechanics loading system I collects load, axial displacement and lateral displacement data in real time, and determines stress-strain characteristics of a sample in the loading and unloading process according to rock mechanics theory analysis.
The maximum load peak value 4600kN of the electro-hydraulic servo rock mechanics loading system can realize different paths such as uniaxial compression, equivalent cyclic loading and unloading, graded loading and unloading and the like, loading and unloading waveforms such as straight lines, sine waves, triangular waves, square waves and the like can be output through a controller, load, axial displacement and lateral displacement data are collected in real time, and the stress-strain characteristics in the sample loading and unloading process are analyzed and determined according to the rock mechanics theory; the sensitivity of the servo valve is 290Hz, and the data acquisition frequency is 5 kHz; strain rate range 10－6～10－1。
The acoustic emission test system III comprises an acoustic emission sensor 17, an acoustic emission amplifier 16, an acoustic emission acquisition card 15 and an acoustic emission tester 18 which are sequentially connected with a transfer port of the loading system base; the acoustic emission sensor is connected with an acoustic emission acquisition card through a coaxial cable and an amplifier, and the acquisition card is connected with a storage display and post-processing analysis module computer to display waveforms, parameter tables, related diagrams and positioning diagrams in real time.
Fixing an acoustic emission sensor 17 on the side surface of the inclined layered coal rock mass test piece 1 by using a rubber ring, wherein the acoustic emission sensor 17 is connected with an acoustic emission acquisition card 15 through a coaxial cable and an amplifier 16, and the acoustic emission acquisition card 15 is connected with an acoustic emission tester 18; the acquisition software can realize the display of real-time waveform, parameter table, correlation diagram and positioning graph, the post-processing module adopts the FFT, wavelet and other modern waveform analysis methods to extract the waveform signal characteristics, and adopts the artificial neural network and other technologies to identify the waveform signal mode.
The acoustic emission test system acquisition card is installed in a special independent host case and is connected to a computer through a USB interface, the maximum continuous data transmission rate of 30MB/s can be realized, the acquisition software can realize the display of real-time waveforms, parameter tables, related graphs and positioning graphs, the post-processing software adopts modern waveform analysis methods such as FFT, wavelet and the like to extract waveform signal characteristics, and adopts the technologies such as artificial neural network and the like to identify waveform signal modes; the acoustic emission test system can collect, analyze and display acoustic emission signal waveforms and events, impact numbers, energy, amplitude and other parameters in real time for extraction, so that the acoustic emission test system can fully meet the application requirements of the acoustic emission test of the layered coal rock mass sample in a laboratory. The response frequency range of the acoustic emission sensor is 60 kHz-400 kHz, the resonance frequency is 150kHz, and the size phi is 19mm x 15 mm.
The ultrasonic testing system II comprises a waveform generator 9(KEYSIGHT 33500B Series), a high-frequency high-voltage amplifier 10(ELECTRONICS A400DI), an oscilloscope 11(KEYSIGHT DSOS054A), upper and lower pressure-bearing transducer sealing pressure heads 13 and 14 and an ultrasonic data acquisition and post-processing module II 12; an upper pressure-bearing transducer 13 is arranged on the upper end surface of a test piece 1, a lower pressure-bearing transducer 14 is arranged on the lower end surface of the test piece 1, the upper pressure-bearing transducer 13 and the lower pressure-bearing transducer 14 are connected with a high-frequency high-voltage amplifier 10, the high-frequency high-voltage amplifier 10 is connected with a waveform signal generator 9, the high-frequency high-voltage amplifier 10 is connected with an oscilloscope 11, and the oscilloscope 11 is connected with an ultrasonic data acquisition and post-processing module II 12. The ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving signals are displayed in real time by an oscilloscope 11, and according to the difference of the transmitting and receiving ultrasonic wave waveform signals (attenuation coefficient, frequency, phase and the like), the development, anisotropy and elastoplasticity characteristics of internal lamellar fractures in the loading and unloading process of the lamellar coal rock mass sample are accurately described, and the stress deformation state of the lamellar coal rock mass is comprehensively evaluated. The ultrasonic transmitting and receiving signals are displayed by an oscilloscope in real time.
As shown in FIG. 2, the bandwidth of the waveform generator in the ultrasonic testing system is 0 Hz-100 kHz, the frequency is 10MHz, wherein the built-in LAN, USB and GPIB interfaces conveniently transmit the waveform to the upper and lower pressure-bearing transducer sealing pressure heads through computer control; the bandwidth of the high-frequency high-voltage amplifier is as follows: DC-1 MHz (100Vpp), voltage waveform signal amplification is 20 times; the bandwidth of the oscilloscope is 500MHz, and the maximum sampling rate is 20 GSa/s; the frequency of the pressure-bearing transducer is 0-700 kHz, the acquisition of longitudinal wave waveform, wave velocity, amplitude, frequency and frequency spectrum signals generated in the conventional concrete, rock and coal rock cracking process can be met, the development, anisotropy and elastoplasticity characteristics of internal lamellar cracks in the lamellar coal rock sample loading and unloading process can be accurately described according to the difference of transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waveform signals (attenuation coefficient, frequency, phase and the like), and the stress deformation state of the lamellar coal rock can be comprehensively evaluated; the pressure-bearing peak value is 50MPa, the diameter is 50mm, and the height is 55 mm.
The coal rock mass fracture development dynamic recording system IV comprises a high-speed camera 19(VE0710L), control software, a high-brightness light source 20, a coal rock mass fracture development dynamic recording system post-processing module I21 (TEMA2D), a high-definition output cable and the like; the high-speed camera 19 and the high-brightness light source 20 emit light beams which are opposite to the inclined stratified coal rock mass test piece 1 to be tested. The high-speed camera 19 is connected with a post-processing module I21 of the coal-rock body fracture development dynamic recording system; the coal rock mass fracture development dynamic recording system post-processing module I21 realizes real-time dynamic tracking and metering analysis of the position of a sample mark point according to a four-quadrant mark point algorithm, can realize real-time whole-process high-precision monitoring and measurement of data such as the extension direction, the length and the width of a layered coal rock mass fracture under the indication of a high-brightness light source, and accurately describes a layered coal rock mass fracture mode through image processing software.
Dynamically recording the number of pixels of a system, 1024000, 1us exposure time, 60 ten thousand frames/second at the highest shooting speed, 600000fps at the highest shooting speed and 72G in the coal rock mass fracture development; the method can realize real-time whole-course high-precision monitoring and measurement of data such as the crack extension direction, the length, the width and the like of the layered coal rock mass under the indication of a high-brightness light source, and accurately describe the fracture mode of the layered coal rock mass through image processing software.
The specification of the inclined stratified coal rock test piece is as follows: the cylinder sample phi 50mm 100mm, the cube sample 70mm, the large size sample 2000mm 500mm, and the like, and the angle of the inclined laminar coal rock mass is 0-90 degrees.
On the basis of analyzing and processing single-source monitoring data of an electro-hydraulic servo rock mechanics loading system I, an ultrasonic testing system II, an acoustic emission testing system III and a coal rock fracture development dynamic recording system IV, the conversion relation between macroscopic deformation energy and stress drop, acoustic emission/micro-seismic energy and the correlation relation between ultrasonic wave waveform speed, frequency spectrum and acoustic emission energy rate and event number are explored, accurate description of macro-microscopic nonlinear characteristics such as multiple types, multiple dimensions, multiple scales and multiple time periods in the process of loading and unloading layered coal rock mass is achieved, and the method is beneficial to building a coal mine underground coal rock mass dynamic disaster prediction multi-source precursor information early warning method.
The experimental method comprises the following steps:
1) connecting each test system of the experimental device according to the requirements;
2) placing a prefabricated laminar inclined layered coal rock test piece 1 between sealing pressure heads 13 and 14 of upper and lower pressure-bearing transducers in a frame of an electro-hydraulic servo experiment loading system I, fixing a probe of an acoustic emission sensor 17 at the lower end of the side surface of the laminar inclined layered coal rock test piece by a rubber ring, and smearing a coupling agent at the contact parts of the upper and lower pressure-bearing transducers 13 and 14, the probe of the acoustic emission sensor 17 and the laminar inclined layered coal rock test piece 1;
3) setting a 1kN loading pressure clamping test piece 1 through an electro-hydraulic servo experimental rock mechanics loading system controller 8, fixing axial extensometers 6 and lateral extensometers 7 in the middle of a layered inclined layered coal rock test piece 1 after the layered inclined layered coal rock test piece 1 is clamped, and closing a pressure chamber protection door;
4) opening stress, axial strain and circumferential strain overload protection, and performing self-checking on a rock mechanics loading system I for 10 seconds in an electro-hydraulic servo experiment;
5) simultaneously starting an electro-hydraulic servo rock mechanics experiment system I, an ultrasonic testing system II, an acoustic emission testing system III and a coal rock body fracture development dynamic recording system IV;
6) an electro-hydraulic servo rock mechanics experiment system I records axial load, axial displacement and lateral displacement data of a layered coal rock mass sample 1 in the loading and unloading process; the ultrasonic testing system II generates a high-voltage pulse waveform signal, simultaneously collects an incident waveform and receives the waveform signal after passing through a sample, and extracts and calculates characteristic parameters of ultrasonic waveform longitudinal wave waveform, wave velocity, amplitude, frequency spectrum and the like; the acoustic emission test system III records acoustic emission signal waveforms and events, impact numbers, energy, amplitude and other parameters; the coal rock mass fracture development dynamic recording system IV monitors data such as fracture expansion direction, length and width in the whole process of coal rock mass fracture in real time and in a whole course at high precision, and stores a video file;
7) when the laminated inclined laminated coal rock mass test piece 1 reaches the yield limit and then has obvious macroscopic through cracks so as not to be enough to form a stable form, completing a test experiment; stopping loading, removing the load applied by the electro-hydraulic servo rock mechanics experiment system I, and simultaneously finishing the recording work of the ultrasonic testing system II, the acoustic emission testing system III and the coal rock body fracture development dynamic recording system IV;
8) taking other similar stratified inclined stratified coal rock mass test pieces, changing different loading and unloading paths and loading rates through an electro-hydraulic servo rock mechanics experiment system controller 8, repeating the steps from 2) to 7), taking 10-12 stratified inclined stratified coal rock mass test pieces in total for experiment, and storing data;
9) and collecting data of each test system, comprehensively analyzing and processing, and exploring multi-type, multi-dimension, multi-scale, multi-time-period and other macro-micro nonlinear evolution rules in the loading and unloading fracture process of the inclined layered coal rock mass.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and based on the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention, those skilled in the art can make some substitutions and modifications to some technical features without creative efforts according to the disclosed technical contents, and these substitutions and modifications are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An inclined layered coal rock physical strength-sound-light-wave integrated testing device is characterized by comprising:
the electro-hydraulic servo rock mechanics loading system I is used for loading stress on the inclined layered coal rock mass test piece and transmitting the axial load, displacement and lateral displacement information of the layered coal rock mass test piece to the ultrasonic testing system II and the acoustic emission testing system III;
the ultrasonic testing system II is used for acquiring incident waveforms, acquiring received waveform signals of the inclined layered coal rock mass test piece and extracting and calculating ultrasonic waveform, wave velocity, amplitude, frequency and frequency spectrum characteristic parameters of the inclined layered coal rock mass test piece;
the acoustic emission testing system III is used for acquiring acoustic emission signal waveforms, impact numbers, energy and amplitude parameters of the inclined layered coal rock mass test piece 1;
the coal rock fracture development dynamic recording system IV is used for monitoring and storing fracture expansion direction, length and width data in the fracture process of the inclined layered coal rock test piece 1 in real time in the whole process;
the electro-hydraulic servo rock mechanics loading system I is respectively connected with the ultrasonic testing system II and the acoustic emission testing system III, deformation ultrasonic waveform information and acoustic emission signals of the inclined layered coal rock mass test piece under stress are respectively extracted, and the deformation ultrasonic waveform information and the acoustic emission signals are collected and stored through the coal rock mass fracture development dynamic recording system IV, so that the dynamic force-sound-light-wave integrated test of the inclined layered coal rock mass mining is realized.
2. The device for integrally testing the strength, the sound, the light and the wave of the inclined layered coal rock as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electro-hydraulic servo rock mechanics loading system I comprises a loading rack 2 with an upper pressure head 4 and a lower pressure head 5, and further comprises a power oil source 3 connected with the lower pressure head 5; the upper pressure head 4 and the lower pressure head 5 are respectively loaded on the inclined layered coal rock mass test piece 1, and a stress sensor is arranged in the inclined layered coal rock mass test piece 1; the inclined stratified coal rock mass test piece 1 is connected to an acoustic emission test system III, the upper pressure head 4 and the lower pressure head 5 are connected to an ultrasonic test system II, and the stress sensor, the upper pressure head 4 and the lower pressure head 5 and the power oil source 3 are respectively connected to a controller 8.
3. The inclined layered coal rock force-sound-light-wave integrated testing device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the upper and lower pressure heads 4 and 5 are loaded on the inclined layered coal rock body test piece 1 through upper and lower pressure-bearing transducer sealing pressure heads 13 and 14, respectively.
4. The inclined layered coal rock physical force-sound-light-wave integrated testing device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the stress sensor comprises a loading stress sensor, a vertical extensometer 6 and a lateral extensometer 7, and the loading stress sensor, the vertical extensometer 6 and the lateral extensometer 7 are respectively connected to the acoustic emission testing system III through a loading system base adapter interface.
5. The inclined layered coal rock physical strength-sound-light-wave integrated testing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the acoustic emission testing system III comprises an acoustic emission sensor 17, an acoustic emission amplifier 16, an acoustic emission acquisition card 15 and an acoustic emission tester 18 which are sequentially connected with a base adapter interface of the loading system.
6. The inclined layered coal rock physical strength-sound-light-wave integrated testing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic testing system II comprises a high-frequency high-voltage amplifier 10, a waveform generator 9 and an oscilloscope 11 respectively connected with the high-frequency high-voltage amplifier 10, and the oscilloscope 11 is connected with an ultrasonic data acquisition and post-processing module II 12.
7. The device for integrally testing the strength, the sound, the light and the wave of the inclined layered coal-rock mass as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coal-rock mass fracture development dynamic recording system IV comprises a high-speed camera 19, a high-brightness light source 20 and a post-processing module I21 connected with the high-speed camera 19, and light beams emitted by the high-speed camera 19 and the high-brightness light source 20 are opposite to the inclined layered coal-rock mass test piece 1 to be tested.
8. An integrated testing method for the strength-sound-light-wave of the inclined layered coal rock based on the device of any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) 1kN loading pressure is set through a control terminal of a rock mechanics loading system of an electro-hydraulic servo experiment, and an inclined layered coal rock mass test piece is clamped by an upper pressure head and a lower pressure head;
2) starting stress, axial strain and circumferential strain overload protection, and starting a loading program after the electro-hydraulic servo experiment rock mechanics loading system performs self-inspection for 10 seconds;
the electro-hydraulic servo rock mechanics experiment system I records axial load, axial displacement and lateral displacement data of the coal rock mass sample in the loading and unloading process; the ultrasonic testing system II collects displacement waveform signals of the coal rock sample; the acoustic emission testing system III records the waveform and event of the displacement acoustic emission signal of the coal rock mass sample, the number of impacts, the energy and the amplitude parameter; a coal rock mass fracture development dynamic recording system IV monitors the fracture expansion direction, length and width in the whole coal rock mass fracture process in real time;
3) after the loading inclined layered coal rock mass test piece reaches the yield limit, obvious macroscopic through cracks appear, and when the stable form is not enough formed, the test is finished; stopping loading;
4) taking other similar inclined layered coal rock mass test pieces, changing different loading and unloading paths and loading rates through an electro-hydraulic servo rock mechanics experiment system I computer control terminal, and repeating the steps 2) -3);
5) and (3) counting test data of each inclined layered coal rock mass test piece, comprehensively analyzing and processing, and exploring macro-micro nonlinear evolution rules of various types, multiple dimensions, multiple scales, multiple time periods and the like in the loading and unloading fracture process of the inclined layered coal rock mass.
9. The inclined layered coal rock physical strength-sound-light-wave integrated test method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the peak value of the maximum load of the electro-hydraulic servo rock mechanical loading system is 4600 kN.
10. The method for integrally testing strength, sound, light and wave of the inclined layered coal rock as claimed in claim 8, wherein the inclination angle of the inclined layered coal rock test piece is 0-90 °.
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