CN110686253B - Cracking gasification furnace feeding device and feeding method thereof - Google Patents

Cracking gasification furnace feeding device and feeding method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110686253B
CN110686253B CN201910958400.6A CN201910958400A CN110686253B CN 110686253 B CN110686253 B CN 110686253B CN 201910958400 A CN201910958400 A CN 201910958400A CN 110686253 B CN110686253 B CN 110686253B
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China
Prior art keywords
material guiding
conveying belt
guiding mechanism
rotating
feeding
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CN201910958400.6A
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CN110686253A (en
Inventor
李玮
严鑫
孙岐君
徐涛
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China City Green Construction Technology Co ltd
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China City Green Construction Technology Co ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/442Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G5/444Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2205/00Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G2205/12Waste feed arrangements using conveyors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2205/00Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G2205/12Waste feed arrangements using conveyors
    • F23G2205/122Belt conveyor

Abstract

The invention provides a cracking gasification furnace feeding device and a feeding method thereof. Each set of material guide and transport device comprises a first driving mechanism, a rotating mechanism and a material guide mechanism. The first driving mechanism drives the material guiding mechanism to rotate by taking the rotating mechanism as a fulcrum, so that the material guiding mechanism is changed between two positions; when the material moving along with the material conveyer belt reaches the position of the material guiding mechanism, the rotating piece of the material guiding mechanism guides the material into the pyrolysis gasification furnace while rotating.

Description

Cracking gasification furnace feeding device and feeding method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of solid waste disposal, in particular to a cracking gasification furnace feeding device and a feeding method thereof.
Background
The pyrolysis system for disposing solid waste generally comprises a plurality of pyrolysis gasifiers, and the pyrolysis gasifiers are arranged side by side. In the traditional mode, a hydraulic garbage crane is generally adopted to feed a plurality of sets of cracking gasifiers. The hydraulic garbage crane equipment has high cost, and the installation and operation of the garbage crane have high requirements on the height of a factory building, and high construction cost are required between the loading trucks. Secondly, a mode of indirect feeding is adopted for garbage crane feeding, a feed inlet in the cracking gasification furnace is required to be continuously opened in the feeding process, and the operation is complex; the furnace body air tightness of the cracking gasification furnace has higher requirement, and the air tightness of the furnace body is affected by frequent opening of a feed inlet in the furnace in the feeding process; in addition, the garbage with relatively high humidity and viscosity such as household garbage, stored garbage and the like is easy to adhere and block in the process of conveying and guiding by adopting a hydraulic garbage crane. Thirdly, the garbage crane belongs to special equipment, and has higher requirements on quality, qualification and professional skills of operators.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a feeding device and a feeding method of a pyrolysis gasifier, which solve the problems that in the prior art, the equipment cost, the civil engineering cost and the personnel quality requirements are high by adopting a garbage crane feeding mode, the air tightness of the pyrolysis gasifier is affected and adhesion and blocking exist in the feeding process.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a feeding device of a pyrolysis gasifier, which comprises a material conveying belt and at least one set of material guiding and conveying device. Wherein the material conveyor belt is used for conveying the material to be cracked. Each set of material guide and transport device comprises a first driving mechanism, a rotating mechanism and a material guide mechanism. The first driving mechanism drives the material guiding mechanism to rotate by taking the rotating mechanism as a fulcrum, so that the material guiding mechanism is changed between two positions; when the material moving along with the material conveying belt reaches the position of the material guiding mechanism, the material guiding mechanism changes the material into the cracking gasification furnace.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the second driving mechanism is one of an electro-hydraulic push rod, a cylinder or a motor.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the material guiding mechanism is a plow plate.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the material guiding mechanism comprises a frame and a rotating member, wherein the rotating member is arranged on the frame and rotates along a circulating path; the material guiding and conveying device comprises a second driving mechanism and a transmission mechanism, and the second driving mechanism drives the rotating piece to circularly rotate through the transmission mechanism.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the rotating member is a conveyor belt or a rotating roller brush.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the surface of the rotating member is provided with a pattern, protrusions or baffles.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the material guiding device comprises a plow plate fixedly arranged at the bottom of the material guiding mechanism and attached to the material conveying belt.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the material guiding and transporting device comprises a material supporting mechanism, wherein the material supporting mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the material conveying belt and supports the material conveying belt so as to enable the material conveying belt to be attached to the plow plate.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the material guiding device comprises a fixed support and a mounting support, wherein the mounting support and the rotating mechanism are both arranged on the fixed support, and the first driving mechanism is arranged on the mounting support.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the number of the material guiding and transporting devices is multiple, and all the material guiding and transporting devices are distributed at intervals along the material conveying belt and respectively guide the materials into a plurality of cracking gasifiers in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention further provides a feeding method of the pyrolysis gasifier feeding device according to any one of the above, comprising the steps of:
starting the first driving mechanism to enable the material guiding mechanism to rotate from a first position to a second position;
starting the material conveying belt to operate so as to convey the material, and after the material reaches the position of the material guiding mechanism, guiding the material into the cracking gasification furnace by the material guiding mechanism;
after the feeding amount meets the requirement, stopping feeding to the material conveying belt, and after all the materials on the material conveying belt are led into the pyrolysis gasification furnace, starting the first driving mechanism to enable the material guiding mechanism to return to the first position from the second position.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme has the following advantages:
the feeding device of the pyrolysis gasification furnace comprises one or more sets of material guiding and conveying devices, and all the material guiding and conveying devices share one material conveying belt. The first driving mechanism drives the material guide mechanism to rotate by taking the rotating mechanism as a fulcrum. When the pyrolysis gasifier is not fed, the material guide mechanism is positioned at the first position and is parallel to the material conveying belt; when the pyrolysis gasifier is required to be fed, the material guide mechanism is rotated to the second position through the first driving mechanism and is crossed with the material conveying belt to form an angle, so that after the material on the material conveying belt moves and contacts the material guide mechanism, the material is moved in a turning manner and enters the pyrolysis gasifier along the material guide mechanism. The design has the following advantages: first, many sets of material guide and transport device can share a material conveyer belt and carry out the material loading to a plurality of pyrolysis gasifier, can practice thrift pyrolysis gasifier material transmission and the cost of feeding by a wide margin like this. Second, can replace traditional rubbish to hang the mode of material loading, simple structure can reduce the cost of traditional material loading workshop's height and firing equipment by a wide margin.
Further, the material guiding mechanism adopts a structure that the rotating piece is arranged on the frame, so that the rotating piece rotates along the circulating path under the action of the second driving mechanism and the transmission mechanism, and after the material on the material conveying belt moves and contacts the material guiding mechanism, the rotating piece in circulating operation can drive the material, and the material is promoted to move in a direction changing manner and enter the pyrolysis gasification furnace along the material guiding mechanism. The design has the following advantages: the rotating part of the material guiding mechanism guides the materials, is favorable for conveying the materials with larger resistance and viscosity, and is more suitable for the materials such as household garbage with larger humidity, stock garbage, mixed garbage and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of a pyrolysis gasifier feeding device provided by the invention in a use state, wherein the pyrolysis gasifier feeding device comprises three sets of material guiding and conveying devices, and 3 pyrolysis gasifiers are correspondingly shown in FIG. 1, wherein one pyrolysis gasifier is in a feeding state;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the pyrolysis gasifier feed device provided by the invention, and only one set of material guiding device is shown;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the pyrolysis gasifier feed unit shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4A is a top view of the feed mechanism of the pyrolysis gasifier feed arrangement shown in FIG. 2 in a first position;
FIG. 4B is a top view of the feed mechanism of the pyrolysis gasifier feed arrangement shown in FIG. 2 in a second position;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a material guiding mechanism of the feeding device of the pyrolysis gasifier.
Detailed Description
The following description is presented to enable one skilled in the art to practice the invention and is provided only to enable the invention. The embodiments in the following description are by way of example only and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art. The basic principles of the invention defined in the following description may be applied to other embodiments, variations, modifications, equivalents, and other arrangements without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-4B, the invention provides a feeding device of a pyrolysis gasifier, which is used for feeding the pyrolysis gasifier for treating solid waste, so as to replace the traditional garbage crane feeding mode, not only realize that a plurality of pyrolysis gasifiers share one material conveying belt for feeding, but also realize the transmission and feeding of materials with larger viscosity and resistance, and reduce the phenomena of adhesion and blocking. The pyrolysis gasifier feeding device comprises a material conveying belt 10 and at least one set of material guiding and conveying device 20.
The material conveyor belt 10 is installed at one side of the pyrolysis gasifier 300 and is used for conveying the material to be cracked.
The material guiding device 20 is used for guiding the material on the material conveyer belt 10 in a variable manner, so that the material is guided into the feed hopper 310 of the pyrolysis gasifier 300. The number of material guiding devices 20 varies according to the number of pyrolysis gasifiers 300. For the pyrolysis system including a plurality of pyrolysis gasifiers 300, the number of the material guiding devices 20 is identical to the number of the pyrolysis gasifiers 300, so that the material guiding devices 20 feed each pyrolysis gasifiers 300 in a one-to-one correspondence. Specifically, the material transporting device 20 includes a material guiding mechanism 21, a rotating mechanism 22, and a first driving mechanism 23.
As shown in fig. 5, the guide mechanism 21 has a predetermined length including a frame 211 and a rotary member 212. Wherein the frame 211 has a long rod shape and a predetermined length. The rotating member 212 is disposed on the frame 211 and rotates along a circulation path. Alternatively, in the present embodiment, the rotating member 212 is a conveyor belt. In other embodiments, the rotating member 212 may be other rotating bodies, for example, the rotating member 212 is a rotating roller brush.
The material guiding device 20 further comprises a second driving mechanism and a transmission mechanism 24, the second driving mechanism is connected with the transmission mechanism 24 and drives the transmission mechanism 24, and the transmission mechanism 24 is connected with the material guiding mechanism 21 and drives the rotating piece 212 of the material guiding mechanism 21 to rotate. In other words, the second driving mechanism drives the rotary member 212 of the guide mechanism 21 to cyclically rotate through the transmission mechanism 24. Optionally, the second driving mechanism is a motor.
One end of the frame 211 of the guide mechanism 21 is connected to the rotating mechanism 22 such that the guide mechanism 21 is operable to rotate about a fixed axis with the rotating mechanism 22 as a fulcrum.
The first driving mechanism 23 is connected to the guide mechanism 21, so that the first driving mechanism 23 drives the guide mechanism 21 to rotate about the rotation mechanism 22 as a fulcrum, so that the guide mechanism 21 is shifted between two positions. In the first position, as shown in fig. 4A, the material guiding mechanism 21 is parallel to the material conveying belt 10, and the material guiding mechanism 21 is located on one side of the conveying belt 10, and is in a state when no material is fed. In the second position, as shown in fig. 4B, in this case, the material guiding mechanism 21 and the material conveying belt 10 intersect to form a predetermined angle, and when the material moving along with the material conveying belt 10 reaches the position of the material guiding mechanism 21, the rotating member 212 of the material guiding mechanism 21 rotates while guiding the material into the feed hopper 310 of the pyrolysis gasifier 300.
Alternatively, in this embodiment, the first driving mechanism 23 is an electro-hydraulic push rod, one end of the first driving mechanism 23 is connected to the frame 211 of the material guiding mechanism 21, and the first driving mechanism 23 cooperates with the rotating mechanism 22 to control the material guiding mechanism 21 to rotate within a predetermined range. In other embodiments, the first driving mechanism 23 may be other driving mechanisms capable of driving the material guiding mechanism 21 to rotate; for example, the first driving mechanism 23 is a cylinder; for another example, the first driving mechanism 23 is a motor, and in practical application, a driving motor may be directly disposed on the frame 211 of the material guiding mechanism 21 instead of the electro-hydraulic push rod, so that the rotating member 212 of the material guiding mechanism 21 rotates.
The material guiding device 20 further comprises a plow plate 25, and the plow plate 25 is fixed at the bottom of the frame 211 of the material guiding mechanism 21 and is attached to the material conveying belt 10. The plow plate 25 can be effectively clung to the material conveyer belt 10, so that the material guiding mechanism 21 is contacted with the material conveyer belt 10 or the gap is reduced, and the material on the material conveyer belt 10 is led into the pyrolysis gasifier 300.
The material guiding device 20 further comprises a material supporting mechanism 26, wherein the material supporting mechanism 26 is arranged at the bottom of the material conveying belt 10 and supports the material conveying belt 10 so that the material conveying belt 10 is attached to the plow plate 25. The material supporting mechanism 26 can enable the material conveying belt 10 and the plow plate 25 to be closely attached, and the material is conveniently introduced. The plow plate 26 and the material supporting mechanism are arranged to facilitate the material transmission, so that the material conveyer belt 10 is not limited to a conveyer belt, and conveyer belts made of other materials can be adopted; moreover, the material supporting mechanism 26 can also ensure that the material conveying belt 10 is not limited by angles, and the utilization range is wider
The material handling apparatus 20 further includes a fixed support 27 and a mounting bracket 28, the mounting bracket 28 and the rotation mechanism 22 being disposed on the fixed support 27. The material supporting mechanism 26 is also arranged on the fixed bracket 27. One end of the first driving mechanism 23 is mounted on the mounting support 28, and the other end of the first driving mechanism 23 is connected with the frame 211 of the material guiding mechanism 21.
When the feeding device of the pyrolysis gasifier is operated, taking one set of material guiding and transporting device 20 for feeding one pyrolysis gasifier 300 as an example, when the feeding device is not in a feeding state, the material guiding mechanism 21 of the material guiding and transporting device 20 is in the first position, as shown in fig. 4A, the material guiding mechanism 21 is parallel to the material conveying belt 10. When the pyrolysis gasifier 300 needs to be fed, the transmission mechanism 24 of the material guiding device 20 is firstly opened, and the rotating member 212 of the material guiding mechanism 21 is driven to rotate under the action of the second driving motor, and the direction of the circulating rotation of the rotating member 212 is shown by arrows in fig. 1 and 4B. The rotation of the feed guide 21 from the first position to the second position is then controlled by the first drive mechanism 23. After the material guiding mechanism 21 rotates to the second position, as shown in fig. 4B, the material guiding mechanism 21 and the material conveying belt 10 intersect to form an angle, and the material guiding device 20 is positioned. The material conveyor belt 10 then starts to run to convey the material, the material is fed to the material conveyor belt 10, and the material moves along with the material conveyor belt 10 toward the pyrolysis gasifier 300 to be fed. When the material is conveyed to the position of the guide 21, the material contacts the rotating member 212 of the guide 21, and the rotating member 212 is in rotation. Since there is a partial velocity of the material moving with the material conveyor 10 in the moving direction of the rotating member 212, the material is redirected in the direction shown by the straight arrow in fig. 1 and 4B and enters the feed hopper 310 of the pyrolysis gasifier 300. In this process, the rotating member 212 rotates and drives the material to move in a direction changing direction, thereby guiding the material into the pyrolysis gasifier 300.
It will be appreciated that, since the resistance of the material transportation such as the household garbage, the stock garbage and the mixed garbage is larger, the fluency is worse, and when the material guiding mechanism 21 is located at the second position for guiding the material, the direction in which the rotating member 212 of the material guiding mechanism 21 moves along the frame 211 is consistent with a component speed direction of the material conveying belt 10 because the material guiding mechanism 21 and the material conveying belt 10 are crossed to form a predetermined angle, such an angle design is more beneficial to guiding the material into the pyrolysis gasifier 300 by the rotating member 212 of the material guiding mechanism 21, and is beneficial to driving the material to flow.
In order to further promote the material flowing by the rotating member 212 of the material guiding mechanism 21, when the rotating member 212 adopts a conveying belt, the surface of the rotating member 212 is further provided with patterns or protrusions so as to increase the friction between the material and the rotating member 212. Optionally, a baffle is further provided on the rotating member 212 to enhance the guiding effect of the rotating member 212 on the material.
After the feeding amount of the pyrolysis gasifier 300 meets the requirement, stopping feeding the material to the material conveying belt 10, and after the material on the material conveying belt 10 is completely introduced into the feed hopper 310 of the corresponding pyrolysis gasifier 300, restarting the first driving mechanism 23 of the material guiding and conveying device 20 to rotate the material guiding mechanism 21 from the second position back to the first position, i.e. rotating the material guiding mechanism 21 to a position parallel to the material conveying belt 10, thereby completing the feeding process of the pyrolysis gasifier 300.
Alternatively, in another embodiment, the guiding mechanism 21 is directly a plow plate or other rotating body of similar principle. One end of the plow plate as the guide 21 is directly connected to the rotation mechanism 22 and is operable to rotate about a fixed axis with the rotation mechanism 22 as a fulcrum, so that the guide 21 is shifted between the first position and the second position by the drive of the first drive motor 23. The plow plate is adopted as the material guiding mechanism 21, the second driving motor and the transmission mechanism 24 can be omitted, and the plow plate is suitable for conveying materials with smaller viscosity and resistance.
When there are a plurality of pyrolysis gasifiers 300, the number of material handling devices 20 is correspondingly a plurality of sets. All the material guiding devices 20 are distributed at intervals along the material conveying belt 10 and respectively guide the materials into the cracking gasifiers 300 in a one-to-one correspondence. For example, as shown in fig. 1, the number of pyrolysis gasifiers 300 is three, and the three pyrolysis gasifiers 300 are distributed side by side, so that the number of material guiding devices 20 is also three, the material conveying belt 10 is installed on the same side of the three pyrolysis gasifiers 300, and the three material guiding devices 20 are arranged at intervals along the material conveying belt 10. Each material handling apparatus 20 may be independently operated to charge one pyrolysis gasifier 300. All the material guiding and transporting devices 20 share one material conveying belt 10, and all the material guiding and transporting devices 20 perform the same feeding operation on the cracking gasification furnace 300. After the first set of material guiding and transporting devices 20 are operated to complete the feeding of the first cracking gasification furnace 300, the other two material guiding and transporting devices 20 are respectively operated repeatedly with reference to the previous description, so that the feeding of the other two cracking gasification furnaces 300 can be completed.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention further provides a feeding method of the pyrolysis gasifier feeding device, comprising the steps of:
activating the first driving mechanism 23 to rotate the material guiding mechanism 21 from the first position to the second position;
starting the material conveying belt 10 to run so as to convey the material, and after the material reaches the position of the material guiding mechanism 21, the material guiding mechanism 21 guides the material into the cracking gasification furnace 300;
when the feeding amount meets the requirement, stopping feeding the material to the material conveying belt 10, and starting the first driving mechanism 23 after the material on the material conveying belt 10 is completely guided into the feeding hopper 310 of the pyrolysis gasifier 300, so that the material guiding mechanism 21 returns to the first position from the second position. Through the above steps, the pyrolysis gasifier 300 may be continuously fed.
In the case of the material guiding mechanism 21, the rotating member 212 is mounted on the frame 211, and the second driving mechanism and the transmission mechanism 24 are started before the first driving mechanism 23 is started, so as to drive the rotating member 212 of the material guiding mechanism 21 to rotate circularly.
The cracking gasification furnace feeding device and the cracking gasification furnace feeding method provided by the invention have the following advantages: the plurality of material guiding and transporting devices 20 can share one material conveying belt and feed a plurality of cracking gasifiers 300, so that the material conveying and feeding cost of the cracking gasifiers can be greatly saved. Second, can replace traditional rubbish to hang the mode of material loading, simple structure can reduce the height of traditional material loading workshop by a wide margin, practices thrift material loading equipment cost and civil engineering cost. Thirdly, the rotary part of the material guiding mechanism is adopted to guide materials, so that the material guiding mechanism is favorable for conveying materials with larger resistance and viscosity, is more suitable for treating household garbage with larger humidity, stored garbage, mixed garbage and other materials, and reduces adhesion and blocking phenomena during feeding.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the embodiments of the invention described above and shown in the drawings are by way of example only and are not limiting. The objects of the present invention have been fully and effectively achieved. The functional and structural principles of the present invention have been shown and described in the examples and embodiments of the invention are susceptible to any variations and modifications without departing from the principles.

Claims (4)

1. A pyrolysis gasifier feed device, comprising:
the material conveying belt is used for conveying materials to be cracked; at least one set of material guiding and transporting device, wherein each set of material guiding and transporting device comprises a first driving mechanism, a rotating mechanism and a material guiding mechanism, the material guiding mechanism has a preset length, one end of the material guiding mechanism is connected with the rotating mechanism, and the first driving mechanism drives the material guiding mechanism to rotate by taking the rotating mechanism as a fulcrum, so that the material guiding mechanism is changed between two positions; in the first position, the material guiding mechanism is parallel to the material conveying belt, in the second position, the material guiding mechanism and the material conveying belt are crossed to form a preset angle, and when the material moving along with the material conveying belt reaches the position of the material guiding mechanism, the material guiding mechanism guides the material into the pyrolysis gasifier; the material guiding mechanism comprises a frame and a rotating piece, wherein the rotating piece is arranged on the frame and rotates along a circulating path; the material guide and transport device comprises a second driving mechanism and a transmission mechanism, wherein the second driving mechanism drives the rotating piece to circularly rotate through the transmission mechanism; the rotating piece is a conveying belt or a rotary rolling brush; the material guide and transportation device comprises a plow plate, wherein the plow plate is fixed at the bottom of the guide mechanism and is attached to the material conveying belt; the material guide and transport device comprises a material supporting mechanism, wherein the material supporting mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the material conveying belt and supports the material conveying belt so as to enable the material conveying belt to be attached to the plow plate; the quantity of the material guiding and transporting devices is multiple, and all the material guiding and transporting devices are distributed at intervals along the material conveying belt and respectively guide the materials into a plurality of cracking gasifiers in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
2. The pyrolysis gasifier feed unit of claim 1, wherein the first drive mechanism is one of an electro-hydraulic push rod, a cylinder, or a motor.
3. The pyrolysis gasifier feed unit according to claim 1 wherein the surface of the rotating member is provided with a pattern, protrusions or baffles.
4. A method of feeding a pyrolysis gasifier feed unit according to any one of claims 1-3, comprising the steps of:
starting the first driving mechanism to enable the material guiding mechanism to rotate from a first position to a second position;
starting the material conveying belt to operate so as to convey the material, and after the material reaches the position of the material guiding mechanism, changing the material into a cracking gasification furnace by the material guiding mechanism;
after the feeding amount meets the requirement, stopping feeding to the material conveying belt, and after all the materials on the material conveying belt are led into the pyrolysis gasifier, starting the first driving mechanism to enable the material guiding mechanism to return to the first position from the second position.
CN201910958400.6A 2019-10-10 2019-10-10 Cracking gasification furnace feeding device and feeding method thereof Active CN110686253B (en)

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