CN110684647A - System and method for realizing biogas residue drying heat balance by virtue of synergistic digestion of kitchen waste, kitchen waste and municipal sludge - Google Patents
System and method for realizing biogas residue drying heat balance by virtue of synergistic digestion of kitchen waste, kitchen waste and municipal sludge Download PDFInfo
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 84
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
- C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/122—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering using filter presses
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/127—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering by centrifugation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/13—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
- C02F11/147—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents using organic substances
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M43/00—Combinations of bioreactors or fermenters with other apparatus
- C12M43/04—Bioreactors or fermenters combined with combustion devices or plants, e.g. for carbon dioxide removal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M47/00—Means for after-treatment of the produced biomass or of the fermentation or metabolic products, e.g. storage of biomass
- C12M47/18—Gas cleaning, e.g. scrubbers; Separation of different gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for realizing biogas residue drying heat balance by synergistic digestion of kitchen waste, kitchen waste and municipal sludge, wherein the system comprises: the kitchen waste pretreatment device comprises a kitchen waste pretreatment device, a homogenizing and blending device, an anaerobic digestion device, a methane purification device, a combustion boiler, a dehydration device and a drying device, wherein the kitchen waste pretreatment device comprises a kitchen waste inlet, a kitchen waste slurry outlet and a grease outlet; the kitchen waste pretreatment device is provided with a kitchen waste inlet and a kitchen waste slurry outlet; the homogenizing and blending device is provided with a kitchen waste slurry inlet, a sludge inlet and a mixed slurry outlet; the anaerobic digestion device is provided with a mixed slurry inlet, a methane outlet and a methane residue outlet; the biogas purification device is provided with a biogas inlet and a purified biogas outlet; the combustion boiler is provided with a purified methane inlet and a superheated steam outlet; the dehydration device is provided with a biogas residue inlet and a dehydrated residue outlet; the drying device is provided with a dehydrated slag inlet, a superheated steam inlet and a dried slag outlet.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of waste resource utilization, and particularly relates to a system and a method for realizing biogas residue drying heat balance by synergistic digestion of kitchen waste, kitchen garbage and municipal sludge.
Background
The kitchen garbage is wet garbage in urban garbage classification, accounts for 50% -60% of the urban garbage production amount, and is mainly a mixture of unprocessed food such as fruit peels, vegetables, fish, meat, bones and the like. The kitchen waste is food processing leftovers (kitchen waste) and edible residues (swill) generated in the catering industry such as schools, canteens, restaurants and the like, has very complex components, and is mainly a mixture of oil, water, pericarp, vegetables, rice flour, fish, meat, bone, waste tableware, plastics, paper towels and other substances.
The kitchen waste and the kitchen waste have obvious duality, harmfulness and resource. The harm performance is mainly as follows: the kitchen waste contains various animal meats, and if the kitchen waste is used as feed, foot-and-mouth disease and various diseases are easily caused by eating with the same kind, so that the food waste is spread to human and causes harm; the high water content of the landfill is easy to generate a large amount of percolate to pollute the underground water; when the fertilizer is used, odor overflows in the production process, and the surrounding environment is affected. The resource performance mainly includes: according to measurement and calculation of relevant experts, the kitchen waste contains a large amount of nutrient substances, the main components are grease and protein, and the kitchen waste can be processed into high-energy protein high-quality feed instead of corn, fish meal, soybean meal and the like and is also a suitable raw material for preparing biodiesel; calculated according to the dry matter content, 5000 ten thousand tons of kitchen waste is equivalent to 500 ten thousand tons of high-quality feed, the contained energy is equivalent to the energy output of 1000 ten thousand acres of cultivated land per year, and the contained protein is equivalent to the protein output of 2000 ten thousand acres of soybean per year.
With the increasing importance of the state on the garbage treatment and the proposition of 'non-waste cities', the classification work of the urban garbage is continuously promoted, and the supervision on the garbage treatment and disposal is increasingly strict, so that a more effective, safe and reliable process technology capable of centralized treatment is required to treat the wastes, and the urban environment and the food safety are ensured.
The sludge from urban sewage treatment plants contains relatively low organic matter, and the amount of biogas produced in the anaerobic digestion process is small, and the amount of biogas residues produced is high. Meanwhile, the heat required by sludge heat drying is large, and the heat drying operation is difficult to maintain only by the methane produced by the sludge heat drying equipment. If an external heat source is added, the sludge treatment cost is greatly increased. According to statistics, the heat energy cost of the sludge heat drying accounts for more than 60% of the sludge treatment cost.
Therefore, the existing technologies for treating kitchen waste, kitchen waste and sludge need to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. Therefore, the invention aims to provide a system and a method for realizing biogas residue drying heat balance by virtue of synergistic digestion of kitchen waste, kitchen waste and municipal sludge, the system can realize synergistic digestion treatment of the kitchen waste, the kitchen waste and the sludge, the biogas yield is improved, the heat requirement of biogas residue drying is met, the self-balance of system energy is realized, the problem of insufficient heat of sludge treated independently is solved, and the kitchen waste are subjected to stabilization, harmless and resource treatment, so that the environmental benefit and the economic benefit are high, and the system and the method have wide popularization values.
In one aspect of the invention, the invention provides a system for realizing biogas residue drying heat balance by the synergistic digestion of kitchen waste, kitchen waste and municipal sludge. According to an embodiment of the invention, the system comprises:
the kitchen waste pretreatment device is provided with a kitchen waste inlet, a kitchen waste slurry outlet and an oil outlet;
a kitchen waste pretreatment device having a kitchen waste inlet and a kitchen waste slurry outlet;
the kitchen waste mixing device comprises a kitchen waste slurry inlet, a sludge inlet and a mixed slurry outlet, wherein the kitchen waste slurry inlet is connected with the kitchen waste outlet, and the kitchen waste slurry inlet is connected with the kitchen waste slurry outlet;
the anaerobic digestion device is provided with a mixed slurry inlet, a methane outlet and a methane residue outlet, and the mixed slurry inlet is connected with the mixed slurry outlet;
the biogas purification device is provided with a biogas inlet and a purified biogas outlet, and the biogas inlet is connected with the biogas outlet;
the combustion boiler is provided with a condensed water inlet, a purified methane inlet, a combustion flue gas outlet and a superheated steam outlet, and the purified methane inlet is connected with the purified methane outlet;
the dehydration device is provided with a biogas residue inlet, a dehydrated residue outlet and a dehydrated water outlet, and the biogas residue inlet is connected with the biogas residue inlet;
the drying device is provided with a dehydrated slag inlet, a superheated steam inlet, a dried slag outlet, a dried steam outlet and a condensed water outlet, wherein the dehydrated slag inlet is connected with the dehydrated slag outlet, the superheated steam inlet is connected with the superheated steam outlet, and the condensed water outlet is connected with the condensed water inlet.
According to the system for realizing biogas residue drying heat balance by the synergistic digestion of kitchen waste, kitchen waste and municipal sludge, kitchen waste slurry obtained by the pretreatment of the kitchen waste and sludge are supplied to a homogenizing and blending device to be mixed and blended to obtain mixed slurry, then the mixed slurry is supplied to an anaerobic digestion device to generate anaerobic digestion reaction to generate biogas and biogas residue, the obtained biogas residue is dehydrated and then supplied to a drying device, the obtained biogas is supplied to a purifying device to remove sulfide and then is supplied to a combustion boiler to be combusted to obtain superheated steam and combustion flue gas, because the biogas is purified, the combustion flue gas can be directly discharged, the generated superheated steam is supplied to the drying device to be used as a heat source, compared with the defects of less biogas residue amount and large biogas residue amount in the independent treatment, and compared with the requirement of external heat supplement in the drying process, the biogas output of the anaerobic digestion treatment process of the kitchen waste, the kitchen garbage and the sludge is large, so that the requirement of the subsequent drying treatment process can be met. Therefore, by adopting the system, the cooperative digestion treatment of the kitchen waste, the kitchen waste and the sludge can be realized, the methane yield is improved, the heat requirement of methane residue drying is met, the self-balance of system energy is realized, the problem of insufficient heat of the sludge treated independently is solved, the stabilization, the harmlessness and the resource treatment of the kitchen waste and the kitchen waste are realized, the environmental benefit and the economic benefit are high, and the wide popularization value is realized.
In addition, the system for realizing biogas residue drying heat balance by the synergistic digestion of the kitchen waste, the kitchen waste and the municipal sludge according to the embodiment of the invention also has the following additional technical characteristics:
in some embodiments of the invention, the system further comprises: the waste heat recovery device is provided with a cold water inlet, a drying steam inlet and a heat exchange steam outlet, the drying steam inlet is connected with the drying steam outlet, and the heat exchange steam outlet is connected with at least one of the kitchen pretreatment device, the homogenizing and blending device and the anaerobic digestion device. Therefore, the system heat is fully utilized.
In some embodiments of the invention, the system further comprises: the water treatment device is provided with a removal water inlet and a standard water outlet, the removal water inlet is connected with the removal water outlet, and the standard water outlet is connected with the homogenizing and blending device.
In another aspect of the invention, the invention provides a method for realizing biogas residue drying heat balance by the synergistic digestion of kitchen waste, kitchen waste and municipal sludge. According to an embodiment of the invention, the method comprises:
(1) pretreating the kitchen waste to obtain kitchen waste slurry and grease;
(2) pretreating kitchen waste to obtain kitchen waste slurry;
(3) mixing the kitchen waste slurry, the kitchen waste slurry and sludge for homogenizing and blending so as to obtain mixed slurry;
(4) carrying out anaerobic digestion on the mixed slurry so as to obtain methane and methane slag;
(5) purifying the biogas to obtain purified biogas;
(6) the purified biogas is combusted and heat exchange is carried out on the condensed water so as to obtain combustion flue gas and superheated steam;
(7) dehydrating the biogas residues to obtain dehydrated residues and dehydrated water;
(8) and (4) drying the dehydrated slag by using the superheated steam so as to obtain dried slag, dried steam and condensed water, and supplying the condensed water to the step (6).
According to the method for realizing the heat balance of the drying of the biogas residues by the synergistic digestion of the kitchen waste, the kitchen waste and the municipal sludge, the kitchen waste slurry obtained by the pretreatment of the kitchen waste and the sludge are mixed and are subjected to homogeneous blending to obtain the mixed slurry, then the mixed slurry is subjected to anaerobic digestion treatment to generate biogas and biogas residues, the obtained biogas residues are dehydrated and dried, the obtained biogas is subjected to sulfide removal and then is combusted to obtain superheated steam and combustion flue gas, the combustion flue gas can be directly discharged due to the purification of the biogas, the generated superheated steam is used as a heat source in the drying process, compared with the method for independently treating the defects of less biogas residues, large biogas residues and large amount of biogas residues, and the drying process needs external heat supplement, the method integrates the problems that the amount of the biogas residues is small when the biogas residues are independently treated, the biogas residues are large and the amount of the biogas residues is small when the kitchen waste and the biogas residues are independently treated, the methane yield of the anaerobic digestion treatment process of the kitchen waste, the kitchen waste and the sludge is high, so that the requirement of the subsequent drying treatment process can be met, the investment and the operation cost of independent factory building are reduced, and the occupied area is reduced. Therefore, by adopting the method, the coordinated digestion treatment of the kitchen waste, the kitchen waste and the sludge can be realized, the methane yield is improved, the heat requirement of methane residue drying is met, the self-balance of system energy is realized, the problem of insufficient heat in the independent treatment of the sludge is solved, the stabilization, harmless and resource treatment of the kitchen waste and the kitchen waste are realized, the environmental benefit and the economic benefit are high, and the method has wide popularization value.
In addition, the method for treating kitchen waste, kitchen waste and sludge according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
in some embodiments of the invention, the method further comprises: (9) and (3) carrying out heat exchange on the dried steam and cold water so as to obtain heat exchange steam, and supplying the heat exchange steam to at least one of the steps (1), (3) and (4) to provide a heat source. Therefore, the system heat is fully utilized.
In some embodiments of the invention, the method further comprises: (10) and (4) purifying the removed water to obtain standard water, and supplying the standard water to the step (3) to participate in the homogenization and blending.
In some embodiments of the invention, in the step (3), the mass ratio of the sum of the kitchen waste slurry and the kitchen waste slurry to the sludge is not less than 1.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step (4), the temperature of the anaerobic digestion is 36-38 degrees Celsius. Therefore, the methane yield can be obviously improved.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step (7), the dewatering treatment is performed by mixing the biogas residue with a flocculant. Therefore, the dehydration efficiency of the biogas residues can be improved.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for realizing biogas residue drying heat balance by the cooperative digestion of kitchen waste, kitchen waste and municipal sludge according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for realizing biogas residue drying heat balance by the cooperative digestion of kitchen waste, kitchen waste and municipal sludge according to yet another embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a method for realizing biogas residue drying heat balance by the synergistic digestion of kitchen waste, kitchen waste and municipal sludge according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a method for realizing biogas residue drying heat balance by the synergistic digestion of kitchen waste, kitchen waste and municipal sludge according to still another embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The technical solution of the present application is completed by the inventors of the present application based on the following findings: the main treatment technology of the current kitchen waste and kitchen waste comprises the following steps: producing feed, aerobic composting, anaerobic digestion and preparing biodiesel. Wherein, the production of feed and aerobic compost is limited by national policy and environmental protection, and can not be a way for large-scale treatment of kitchen waste; the animal and vegetable oil in the kitchen waste is extracted, and the prepared biodiesel can be used for pretreatment of the kitchen waste and cannot be used as a treatment process technology for harmlessness, reduction and recycling of the kitchen waste. Therefore, only anaerobic digestion is the mainstream technology for treating kitchen waste at present and in the future. Anaerobic digestion is a process of decomposing large-molecular organic matter into small-molecular organic matter and inorganic matter by utilizing the self-metabolism of microorganisms under the anaerobic condition. The anaerobic system is totally closed without peculiar smell, and the kitchen waste contains a large amount of organic matters, so that a large amount of methane can be generated, and the amount of methane residues after anaerobic treatment is low. The sludge from urban sewage treatment plants contains relatively low organic matter, and the amount of biogas produced in the anaerobic digestion process is small, and the amount of biogas residues produced is high. Meanwhile, the heat required by sludge heat drying is large, and the heat drying operation is difficult to maintain only by the methane produced by the sludge heat drying equipment. If an external heat source is added, the sludge treatment cost is greatly increased. According to statistics, the heat energy cost of the sludge heat drying accounts for more than 60% of the sludge treatment cost. The inventor of this application aims at solving the defect among the prior art through actively exploring kitchen garbage, kitchen garbage and mud advantage to realize the coprocessing of kitchen garbage, kitchen garbage and mud.
Therefore, in one aspect of the invention, the invention provides a system for realizing biogas residue drying heat balance by the synergistic digestion of kitchen waste, kitchen garbage and municipal sludge. According to an embodiment of the invention, with reference to fig. 1, the system comprises: the kitchen waste treatment device comprises a kitchen waste pretreatment device 100, a kitchen waste pretreatment device 200, a homogenizing and blending device 300, an anaerobic digestion device 400, a methane purification device 500, a combustion boiler 600, a dehydration device 700 and a drying device 800.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the kitchen waste pretreatment device 100 is provided with a kitchen waste inlet 101, a kitchen waste slurry outlet 102 and a grease outlet 103, and is suitable for pretreating kitchen waste so as to obtain kitchen waste slurry and grease. Specifically, the kitchen waste is food processing leftovers (kitchen waste) and edible residues (swill) generated in food and beverage industries such as schools, canteens, restaurants and the like, the components of the kitchen waste are very complex, the kitchen waste is mainly a mixture of oil, water, peel, vegetables, rice flour, fish, meat, bones, waste tableware, plastics, paper towels and other substances, and the kitchen waste slurry is pretreated by the steps of sorting, impurity removal, oil extraction, pulping and the like, so that the obtained kitchen waste slurry meets the requirement of anaerobic digestion. It should be noted that the processes of sorting, removing impurities, extracting oil, pulping and the like of the kitchen waste are conventional operations in the field, and those skilled in the art can select the processes according to actual needs, and the details are not described here.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the kitchen waste pretreatment device 200 has a kitchen waste inlet 201 and a kitchen waste slurry outlet 202, and is adapted to pretreat kitchen waste to obtain a kitchen waste slurry. Specifically, the kitchen waste is mainly a mixture of raw food such as fruit peels, vegetables, fish, meat, bones and the like, and the pretreatment comprises the processes of sorting, impurity removal, pulping and the like, so that the obtained kitchen waste slurry meets the requirement of anaerobic digestion. It should be noted that the processes of sorting, removing impurities, pulping and the like of the kitchen waste are conventional operations in the field, and those skilled in the art can select the processes according to actual needs, and the details are not described here.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the homogenizing and blending device 300 is provided with a kitchen waste slurry inlet 301, a kitchen waste slurry inlet 302, a sludge inlet 303 and a mixed slurry outlet 304, wherein the kitchen waste slurry inlet 301 is connected with the kitchen waste outlet 102, the kitchen waste slurry inlet 302 is connected with the kitchen waste slurry outlet 202, and the kitchen waste slurry inlet 302 is suitable for mixing the obtained kitchen waste slurry, kitchen waste slurry and sludge together to prepare the mixed slurry. Specifically, the sludge is municipal sludge, the water content of the sludge is about 70-90 wt%, the solid content of kitchen waste slurry is (13-20 wt%), and the mass ratio of the sum of the kitchen waste slurry and the kitchen waste slurry to the sludge is not less than 1. So that the heat of the methane combustion generated by the subsequent anaerobic digestion meets the drying process after the dehydration of the methane slag. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the anaerobic digestion unit 400 has a mixed slurry inlet 401, a biogas outlet 402 and a biogas residue outlet 403, the mixed slurry inlet 401 being connected to the mixed slurry outlet 304 and adapted to anaerobically digest the resulting mixed slurry to obtain biogas and biogas residue. The inventor finds that compared with the defects of less methane amount and large methane residue amount of sludge treated independently and the requirement of external heat supplement in the drying process, the method has the advantages that the methane yield in the anaerobic digestion treatment process of the kitchen waste, the kitchen garbage and the sludge is large, so that the requirement of the subsequent drying treatment process can be met. Specifically, in order to improve the anaerobic digestion reaction efficiency, the temperature in the process is kept at 36-38 ℃.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the biogas purification apparatus 500 has a biogas inlet 501 and a purified biogas outlet 502, the biogas inlet 501 being connected to the biogas outlet 402 and being adapted to purify the biogas obtained as described above in order to obtain a purified biogas. It should be noted that the purification process is a conventional operation in the art, as long as the removal of impurities such as sulfide in the biogas can be satisfied, and details are not described herein.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the combustion boiler 600 has a condensed water inlet 601, a purified biogas inlet 602, a combustion flue gas outlet 603 and a superheated steam outlet 604, the purified biogas inlet 602 and the purified biogas outlet 502 are connected and adapted to combust the purified biogas obtained as described above to exchange heat with the condensed water so as to obtain combustion flue gas and superheated steam. Specifically, the heat exchange efficiency of the combustion boiler is 90-95%, and combustion flue gas can be directly discharged due to the fact that biogas is purified.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the dehydration apparatus 700 has a biogas residue inlet 701, a dehydrated residue outlet 702, and a dehydrated water outlet 703, and the biogas residue inlet 701 is connected to the biogas residue inlet 403 and is adapted to dehydrate the biogas residue obtained in the above anaerobic digestion apparatus so as to reduce the water content of the biogas residue, obtain dehydrated residue, and remove water. Specifically, the dewatering device can be a filter press, a centrifuge, and the like, and can be selected by a person skilled in the art according to actual needs, and the solid content of the dewatered slag is about 20 wt%. Further, in order to improve the dewatering efficiency of the biogas residue, a flocculant, such as polyurethane, polyacrylamide, polysilicic acid, ferric polysilicate sulfate, etc., is added to the dewatering device.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the drying device 800 is provided with a dehydrated slag inlet 801, a superheated steam inlet 802, a dried slag outlet 803, a dried steam outlet 804 and a condensed water outlet 805, the dehydrated slag inlet 801 is connected with the dehydrated slag outlet 702, the superheated steam 802 inlet is connected with the superheated steam outlet 604, the condensed water outlet 805 is connected with the condensed water inlet 601, and the device is suitable for indirectly heating the dehydrated slag by using the superheated steam obtained by the combustion boiler, so that moisture in the dehydrated slag is evaporated into steam, the superheated steam is changed into condensed water, the condensed water is returned to the combustion boiler for recycling, and meanwhile, the residual slag is dry slag, the solid content of which is not lower than 20 percent, and the device can be used for burning, carbonizing or brickmaking and the like, thereby completely realizing the requirements of harmlessness, reduction and reclamation of wastes. Specifically, the heat efficiency of the drying device is 90-95%.
According to the system for realizing biogas residue drying heat balance by the synergistic digestion of kitchen waste, kitchen waste and municipal sludge, kitchen waste slurry obtained by the pretreatment of the kitchen waste and sludge are supplied to a homogenizing and blending device to be mixed and blended to obtain mixed slurry, then the mixed slurry is supplied to an anaerobic digestion device to generate anaerobic digestion reaction to generate biogas and biogas residue, the obtained biogas residue is dehydrated and then supplied to a drying device, the obtained biogas is supplied to a purifying device to remove sulfide and then is supplied to a combustion boiler to be combusted to obtain superheated steam and combustion flue gas, because the biogas is purified, the combustion flue gas can be directly discharged, the generated superheated steam is supplied to the drying device to be used as a heat source, compared with the defects of less biogas residue amount and large biogas residue amount in the independent treatment, and compared with the requirement of external heat supplement in the drying process, the biogas output of the anaerobic digestion treatment process of the kitchen waste, the kitchen garbage and the sludge is large, so that the requirement of the subsequent drying treatment process can be met. Therefore, by adopting the system, the cooperative digestion treatment of the kitchen waste, the kitchen waste and the sludge can be realized, the methane yield is improved, the heat requirement of methane residue drying is met, the self-balance of system energy is realized, the problem of insufficient heat of the sludge treated independently is solved, the stabilization, the harmlessness and the resource treatment of the kitchen waste and the kitchen waste are realized, the environmental benefit and the economic benefit are high, and the wide popularization value is realized.
Further, referring to fig. 2, the system for realizing biogas residue drying heat balance by the synergistic digestion of the kitchen waste, the kitchen waste and the municipal sludge further comprises a waste heat recovery device 900 and a water treatment device 1000.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the waste heat recovery device 900 is provided with a cold water inlet 901, a drying steam inlet 902 and a heat exchange steam outlet 903, the drying steam inlet 902 is connected with the drying steam outlet 804, and the heat exchange steam outlet 903 is connected with at least one of the kitchen pretreatment device 100, the homogenizing and blending device 300 and the anaerobic digestion device 400, and is suitable for exchanging heat between the obtained drying steam and cold water so as to obtain heat exchange steam. Specifically, the waste heat recovery device can recover heat with the efficiency of 50-80%, and the drying steam obtained in the drying process contains other impurity gases, so that the drying steam cannot be directly used as a heat source, the heat is transferred to the heat exchange steam through indirect heat exchange between the drying steam and cold water, and the heat exchange steam is supplied to at least one of the kitchen pretreatment device, the homogenizing and blending device and the anaerobic digestion device to be used as an indirect heat source. Therefore, the self-sufficiency of the system heat is realized, the operating cost is reduced, the economy of the project is improved, and the financial expenditure is reduced.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, the water treatment apparatus 1000 has a dehydrated water inlet 1001 and a standard water outlet 1002, the dehydrated water inlet 1001 is connected to the dehydrated water outlet 703, the standard water outlet 1002 is connected to the homogenizing and blending apparatus 300, and is adapted to perform purification treatment on the dehydrated water obtained in the above dehydration process to obtain standard water, and supply the standard water to the homogenizing and blending process for pulping. It should be noted that the purification treatment process is a routine operation in the field, and a person skilled in the art can select the purification treatment process according to actual needs as long as the dehydrated water can reach the emission standard, for example, activated carbon adsorption can be adopted.
Specifically, referring to FIG. 2, the system heat Q1, Q3, Q4, Q5, Q6, Q7, Q8 is in the relationship Q1 > Q3 > Q4 > Q5 > (Q6+ Q7+ Q8); q2 and Q9 are output heat of the system and can be used according to actual conditions.
In another aspect of the invention, the invention provides a method for realizing biogas residue drying heat balance by the synergistic digestion of kitchen waste, kitchen waste and municipal sludge. According to an embodiment of the invention, referring to fig. 3, the method comprises:
s100: pretreating kitchen waste
In the step, the kitchen waste is pretreated so as to obtain kitchen waste slurry and grease. Specifically, the kitchen waste pretreatment comprises the processes of sorting, impurity removal, oil extraction, pulping and the like, so that the obtained kitchen waste slurry meets the anaerobic digestion requirement. Specifically, the kitchen waste is food processing leftovers (kitchen waste) and edible residues (swill) generated in food and beverage industries such as schools, canteens, restaurants and the like, the components of the kitchen waste are very complex, the kitchen waste is mainly a mixture of oil, water, peel, vegetables, rice flour, fish, meat, bones, waste tableware, plastics, paper towels and other substances, and the kitchen waste slurry is pretreated by the steps of sorting, impurity removal, oil extraction, pulping and the like, so that the obtained kitchen waste slurry meets the requirement of anaerobic digestion. It should be noted that the processes of sorting, removing impurities, extracting oil, pulping and the like of the kitchen waste are conventional operations in the field, and those skilled in the art can select the processes according to actual needs, and the details are not described here.
S200: pretreating kitchen garbage
In this step, the kitchen waste is pre-treated to obtain a kitchen waste slurry. Specifically, the kitchen waste is mainly a mixture of raw food such as fruit peels, vegetables, fish, meat, bones and the like, and the pretreatment comprises the processes of sorting, impurity removal, pulping and the like, so that the obtained kitchen waste slurry meets the requirement of anaerobic digestion. It should be noted that the processes of sorting, removing impurities, pulping and the like of the kitchen waste are conventional operations in the field, and those skilled in the art can select the processes according to actual needs, and the details are not described here.
S300: mixing the kitchen waste slurry, the kitchen waste slurry and the sludge for homogenizing and blending
In the step, the obtained kitchen waste slurry, kitchen waste slurry and sludge are mixed together for size mixing so as to obtain mixed slurry. Specifically, the sludge is municipal sludge, the water content of the sludge is about 70 wt% -90 wt%, the solid content of kitchen waste slurry is (13 wt% -20 wt%), and the mass ratio of the sum of the kitchen waste slurry and the kitchen waste slurry to the sludge is not lower than 1, so that the heat generated by combustion of biogas generated by subsequent anaerobic digestion meets the drying process after biogas residue dehydration.
S400: subjecting the mixed slurry to anaerobic digestion
In the step, the obtained mixed slurry is subjected to anaerobic digestion so as to obtain methane and methane slag. The inventor finds that compared with the defects of less methane amount and large methane residue amount of sludge treated independently and the requirement of external heat supplement in the drying process, the method has the advantages that the methane yield in the anaerobic digestion treatment process of the kitchen waste, the kitchen garbage and the sludge is large, so that the requirement of the subsequent drying treatment process can be met. Specifically, in order to improve the anaerobic digestion reaction efficiency, the temperature in the process is kept at 36-38 ℃.
S500: purifying the methane
In this step, the obtained biogas is purified to obtain purified biogas. It should be noted that the purification process is a conventional operation in the art, as long as the removal of impurities such as sulfide in the biogas can be satisfied, and details are not described herein.
S600: the purified methane is combusted and the condensed water is subjected to heat exchange
In the process, the purified methane obtained by the method is combusted and exchanges heat with condensed water so as to obtain combustion flue gas and superheated steam. Specifically, the heat exchange efficiency in the process is 90-95%, and the combustion flue gas can be directly discharged due to the fact that the biogas is purified.
S700: dehydrating the biogas residue
In this step, the biogas residue obtained in the anaerobic digestion process is dehydrated so as to reduce the water content of the biogas residue, obtain dehydrated residue and remove water. Specifically, the dewatering device can be a filter press, a centrifuge, and the like, and can be selected by a person skilled in the art according to actual needs, and the solid content of the dewatered slag is about 20 wt%. Further, in order to improve the dewatering efficiency of the biogas residue, a flocculating agent, such as polyurethane, polyacrylamide, polysilicic acid, ferric polysilicate sulfate and the like, is added in the dewatering process.
S800: drying the dehydrated slag by using superheated steam, and supplying condensed water to step S600
In the step, the superheated steam obtained by the combustion is used for indirectly heating the dehydrated slag, so that the moisture in the dehydrated slag is evaporated into steam, the superheated steam is changed into condensed water, the condensed water is returned to the step S600 for recycling, meanwhile, the residual slag is dry slag, the solid content of the dry slag is not lower than 20 percent, the dry slag can be incinerated, carbonized or bricked, and the like, and the requirements of harmlessness, reduction and recycling of wastes are completely met. Specifically, the thermal efficiency in the drying process is 90-95%.
According to the method for realizing the heat balance of the drying of the biogas residues by the synergistic digestion of the kitchen waste, the kitchen waste and the municipal sludge, the kitchen waste slurry obtained by the pretreatment of the kitchen waste and the sludge are mixed and are subjected to homogeneous blending to obtain the mixed slurry, then the mixed slurry is subjected to anaerobic digestion treatment to generate biogas and biogas residues, the obtained biogas residues are dehydrated and dried, the obtained biogas is subjected to sulfide removal and then is combusted to obtain superheated steam and combustion flue gas, the combustion flue gas can be directly discharged due to the purification of the biogas, the generated superheated steam is used as a heat source in the drying process, compared with the method for independently treating the defects of less biogas residues, large biogas residues and large amount of biogas residues, and the drying process needs external heat supplement, the method integrates the problems that the amount of the biogas residues is small when the biogas residues are independently treated, the biogas residues are large and the amount of the biogas residues is small when the kitchen waste and the biogas residues are independently treated, the methane yield of the anaerobic digestion treatment process of the kitchen waste, the kitchen waste and the sludge is high, so that the requirement of the subsequent drying treatment process can be met, the investment and the operation cost of independent factory building are reduced, and the occupied area is reduced. Therefore, by adopting the method, the coordinated digestion treatment of the kitchen waste, the kitchen waste and the sludge can be realized, the methane yield is improved, the heat requirement of methane residue drying is met, the self-balance of system energy is realized, the problem of insufficient heat in the independent treatment of the sludge is solved, the stabilization, harmless and resource treatment of the kitchen waste and the kitchen waste are realized, the environmental benefit and the economic benefit are high, and the method has wide popularization value.
Further, referring to fig. 4, the method for realizing biogas residue drying heat balance by the synergistic digestion of the kitchen waste, the kitchen waste and the municipal sludge further includes:
s900: exchanging heat between the drying steam and cold water, and supplying the heat-exchanged steam to at least one of the steps S100, S300 and S400
In the step, the obtained dried steam and cold water are subjected to heat exchange so as to obtain heat exchange steam. Specifically, the waste heat recovery device can recover heat with efficiency of 50-80%, and the drying steam obtained in the drying process contains other impurity gases, so that the drying steam cannot be directly used as a heat source, the heat is transferred to the heat exchange steam through indirect heat exchange between the drying steam and cold water, and the heat exchange steam is supplied to at least one of the steps S100, S300 and S400 to be used as an indirect heat source. Therefore, the self-sufficiency of the system heat is realized, the operating cost is reduced, the economy of the project is improved, and the financial expenditure is reduced.
S1000: purifying the removed water and supplying the water reaching the standard to step S300
In the step, the water obtained by the dehydration process is purified to obtain the water reaching the standard, and the water reaching the standard is supplied to the homogenization and blending process for pulping. It should be noted that the purification treatment process is a routine operation in the field, and a person skilled in the art can select the purification treatment process according to actual needs as long as the dehydrated water can reach the emission standard, for example, activated carbon adsorption can be adopted.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a kitchen garbage, kitchen garbage and municipal sludge are digestion in coordination and are realized system of natural pond sediment mummification heat balance which characterized in that includes:
the kitchen waste pretreatment device is provided with a kitchen waste inlet, a kitchen waste slurry outlet and an oil outlet;
a kitchen waste pretreatment device having a kitchen waste inlet and a kitchen waste slurry outlet;
the kitchen waste mixing device comprises a kitchen waste slurry inlet, a sludge inlet and a mixed slurry outlet, wherein the kitchen waste slurry inlet is connected with the kitchen waste outlet, and the kitchen waste slurry inlet is connected with the kitchen waste slurry outlet;
the anaerobic digestion device is provided with a mixed slurry inlet, a methane outlet and a methane residue outlet, and the mixed slurry inlet is connected with the mixed slurry outlet;
the biogas purification device is provided with a biogas inlet and a purified biogas outlet, and the biogas inlet is connected with the biogas outlet;
the combustion boiler is provided with a condensed water inlet, a purified methane inlet, a combustion flue gas outlet and a superheated steam outlet, and the purified methane inlet is connected with the purified methane outlet;
the dehydration device is provided with a biogas residue inlet, a dehydrated residue outlet and a dehydrated water outlet, and the biogas residue inlet is connected with the biogas residue inlet;
the drying device is provided with a dehydrated slag inlet, a superheated steam inlet, a dried slag outlet, a dried steam outlet and a condensed water outlet, wherein the dehydrated slag inlet is connected with the dehydrated slag outlet, the superheated steam inlet is connected with the superheated steam outlet, and the condensed water outlet is connected with the condensed water inlet.
2. The system of claim 1, further comprising:
the waste heat recovery device is provided with a cold water inlet, a drying steam inlet and a heat exchange steam outlet, the drying steam inlet is connected with the drying steam outlet, and the heat exchange steam outlet is connected with at least one of the kitchen pretreatment device, the homogenizing and blending device and the anaerobic digestion device.
3. The system of claim 1 or 2, further comprising:
the water treatment device is provided with a removal water inlet and a standard water outlet, the removal water inlet is connected with the removal water outlet, and the standard water outlet is connected with the homogenizing and blending device.
4. A method for realizing biogas residue drying heat balance by synergistic digestion of kitchen waste, kitchen garbage and municipal sludge is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) pretreating the kitchen waste to obtain kitchen waste slurry and grease;
(2) pretreating kitchen waste to obtain kitchen waste slurry;
(3) mixing the kitchen waste slurry, the kitchen waste slurry and sludge for homogenizing and blending so as to obtain mixed slurry;
(4) carrying out anaerobic digestion on the mixed slurry so as to obtain methane and methane slag;
(5) purifying the biogas to obtain purified biogas;
(6) the purified biogas is combusted and heat exchange is carried out on the condensed water so as to obtain combustion flue gas and superheated steam;
(7) dehydrating the biogas residues to obtain dehydrated residues and dehydrated water;
(8) and (4) drying the dehydrated slag by using the superheated steam so as to obtain dried slag, dried steam and condensed water, and supplying the condensed water to the step (6).
5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:
(9) and (3) carrying out heat exchange on the dried steam and cold water so as to obtain heat exchange steam, and supplying the heat exchange steam to at least one of the steps (1), (3) and (4) to provide a heat source.
6. The method of claim 4 or 5, further comprising:
(10) and (4) purifying the removed water to obtain standard water, and supplying the standard water to the step (3) to participate in the homogenization and blending.
7. The method according to claim 4, wherein in the step (3), the mass ratio of the sum of the kitchen waste slurry and the kitchen waste slurry to the sludge is not less than 1.
8. The method according to claim 4, wherein in the step (4), the temperature of the anaerobic digestion is 36-38 ℃.
9. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that in step (7), the biogas residue is mixed with a flocculant for the dewatering treatment.
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