CN110683910A - Biological pesticide fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Biological pesticide fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110683910A CN110683910A CN201911093888.7A CN201911093888A CN110683910A CN 110683910 A CN110683910 A CN 110683910A CN 201911093888 A CN201911093888 A CN 201911093888A CN 110683910 A CN110683910 A CN 110683910A
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The invention provides a biological medicine fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of agricultural planting, wherein the biological medicine fertilizer takes water as a solvent, and each liter of the biological medicine fertilizer comprises the following components: 1-3 g of matrine, 500-600 g of compound amino acid and 1.5-2.5 g of trace elements; the trace elements comprise zinc, magnesium, boron, manganese, iron and copper, and the mass ratio of the zinc, the magnesium, the boron, the manganese, the iron and the copper is 1:8:1.5:1:3: 0.2. The biological pesticide fertilizer provided by the invention can prevent and control tetranychus urticae, can improve the cotton seed yield of cotton and promote the growth of the cotton.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting, and particularly relates to a biological pesticide fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the development of the fertilizer industry and the increase of the application amount of agricultural fertilizers, the yield of crops is greatly increased. However, while the fertilizer is seen to make a great contribution to the development of agricultural production, the problems in the use of the fertilizer must be seen, such as: the soil physical and chemical properties are deteriorated, the utilization rate is low, the ecological environment is polluted, the quality of agricultural products is influenced, the yield of crops is reduced, the incidence rate of plant diseases and insect pests is improved, and the soil fertility is reduced. In the face of many problems brought to ecological environment and agricultural products by current chemical fertilizers and pesticides, scholars at home and abroad put forward many alternative modes to agricultural development approaches and modes; aims to search a new way for the sustainable development of world agriculture; the common characteristics are environmental protection, reduced application of pesticides and chemical fertilizers, maximum dependence on organic fertilizers to fertilize soil, fertility maintenance and continuous supply of crop nutrients. Microbial preparation is added in agricultural organic waste treatment to produce organic microbial compost, which creates favorable conditions for solving the problems of insufficient resources, environmental pollution and grain shortage in China and producing high-yield, high-quality and high-efficiency agricultural products.
At present, organic fertilizers are generally applied and play a certain role in conditioning soil, activating the activity rate of microorganisms in the soil, assisting soil hardening, increasing the air permeability of the soil, reducing water loss and evaporation, relieving drought pressure, preserving fertilizer, reducing the use of chemical fertilizers, reducing saline-alkali damage and the like. However, after a long period of application, the propagation of soil insects and the invasion of pathogenic bacteria tend to have a significant influence on the growth and propagation of plants.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a biological pesticide fertilizer, and a preparation method and an application thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a biological medicine fertilizer, which takes water as a solvent, and each liter of the biological medicine fertilizer comprises: 1-3 g of matrine, 500-600 g of compound amino acid and 1.5-2.5 g of trace elements;
the preparation method of the compound amino acid comprises the following steps: sterilizing animal blood to obtain sterilized blood, mixing the sterilized blood with water, sterilizing at 55-65 ℃, cooling to 38-42 ℃, mixing with protease, and performing enzymolysis for 4-6 hours; cooling to 36-40 ℃, mixing with EM bacterial liquid, and carrying out aerobic fermentation for 10-12 h; when the temperature is reduced to 28-32 ℃, carrying out anaerobic fermentation for 13-15 h; when the viable count reaches 2 x 109When the pH value is more than cfu/mL and is 5-6, obtaining the compound amino acid;
the trace elements comprise zinc, magnesium, boron, manganese, iron and copper, and the mass ratio of the zinc to the magnesium to the boron to the manganese to the iron to the copper is 1:8:1.5:1:3: 0.2.
Preferably, the zinc element is present as zinc sulfate, the magnesium element is present as magnesium sulfate, the boron element is present as boric acid, the manganese element is present as manganese sulfate, the iron element is present as ferrous sulfate, and the copper element is present as copper sulfate.
Preferably, the biological medicine fertilizer takes water as a solvent, and comprises the following components in each liter: 2g of matrine, 560g of compound amino acid and 1.8-2.2 g of trace elements.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the biological pesticide fertilizer, which comprises the following steps: dissolving the matrine and the trace elements in water respectively to obtain a matrine solution and a trace element solution, mixing the matrine solution and the trace element solution to obtain a composite solution, and mixing the composite solution and the composite amino acid to obtain the biological medicine fertilizer.
The invention also provides application of the biological pesticide fertilizer in the technical scheme in prevention and treatment of tetranychus urticae.
The invention also provides application of the biological pesticide fertilizer in the technical scheme in improving crop yield.
The invention also provides application of the biological pesticide fertilizer in the technical scheme in promoting plant growth.
Preferably, the application mode of the biological medicine fertilizer comprises foliar fertilization or drip irrigation fertilization.
Preferably, when the application mode of the biological pesticide fertilizer is foliar fertilization, the biological pesticide fertilizer and water are mixed according to the volume ratio of (1-5) to (150-170), and the obtained mixed solution is sprayed to the foliage.
Preferably, when the application mode of the biological medicine fertilizer is drip irrigation fertilization, the biological medicine fertilizer and water are mixed according to the volume ratio of (1-5) to (150-170), and the obtained mixed solution is subjected to drip irrigation.
The invention provides a biological medicine fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the biological medicine fertilizer takes water as a solvent, and each liter of the biological medicine fertilizer comprises the following components: 1-3 g of matrine, 500-600 g of compound amino acid and 1.5-2.5 g of trace elements; the trace elements comprise zinc, magnesium, boron, manganese, iron and copper, and the mass ratio of the zinc to the magnesium to the boron to the manganese to the iron to the copper is 1:8:1.5:1:3: 0.2. The biological pesticide fertilizer provided by the invention can prevent and control tetranychus urticae, can improve the cotton seed yield of cotton and promote the growth of the cotton.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a biological medicine fertilizer, which takes water as a solvent, and each liter of the biological medicine fertilizer comprises: 1-3 g of matrine, 500-600 g of compound amino acid and 1.5-2.5 g of trace elements; sterilizing animal blood to obtain sterilized blood, mixing the sterilized blood with water, sterilizing at 55-65 ℃, cooling to 38-42 ℃, mixing with protease, and performing enzymolysis for 4-6 hours; cooling to 36-40 ℃, mixing with EM bacterial liquid, and carrying out aerobic fermentation for 10-12 h; when the temperature is reduced to 28-32 ℃, carrying out anaerobic fermentation for 13-15 h; when the viable count reaches 2 x 109When the pH value is more than cfu/mL and is 5-6, obtaining the compound amino acid;
the trace elements comprise zinc, magnesium, boron, manganese, iron and copper, and the mass ratio of the zinc to the magnesium to the boron to the manganese to the iron to the copper is 1:8:1.5:1:3: 0.2.
The biological pesticide fertilizer provided by the invention contains 1-3 g of matrine per liter, preferably 2 g. In the invention, the matrine has the functions of preventing and controlling cotton spider mites and killing various microorganisms. The source of the matrine is not specially limited, and the matrine can be prepared from conventional commercial products.
The biological pesticide fertilizer provided by the invention comprises 500-600 g of compound amino acid per liter, and more preferably comprises 560 g. In the present invention, the method for preparing the complex amino acid comprises: sterilizing animal blood to obtain sterilized blood, mixing the sterilized blood with water, sterilizing at 55-65 ℃, cooling to 38-42 ℃, mixing with protease, and performing enzymolysis for 4-6 hours; cooling to 36-40 ℃, mixing with EM bacterial liquid, and carrying out aerobic fermentation for 10-12 h; cooling to 28-32 deg.CCarrying out anaerobic fermentation for 13-15 h; when the viable count reaches 2 x 109When the pH value is more than cfu/mL and is 5-6, obtaining the compound amino acid;
in the present invention, the animal is preferably a livestock such as pig, sheep, cattle, etc. The animal blood is obtained from slaughter houses by purchase.
In the present invention, the temperature for sterilizing the animal blood is preferably 65 ℃, and the time for sterilizing is preferably 2 h.
In the present invention, the sterilized blood is mixed with water, and the mass ratio of the sterilized blood to the water is preferably 3: 7. In the invention, each ton of sterilized blood is mixed with 2kg of EM bacteria liquid, the EM bacteria is mixed with water and brown sugar to prepare the EM bacteria liquid, and then the EM bacteria liquid is mixed with the sterilized blood, and the mass ratio of the EM bacteria to the water to the brown sugar is 10g:10kg:11 kg. In the present invention, the EM bacteria are EM bacteria introduced by microorganisms of Chinese academy of agricultural sciences. In the present invention, 2-3 kg protease is preferably mixed with each ton of sterilized blood.
In the invention, the amino acid in the compound amino acid is closely related to the metabolism of various sulfur-containing compounds in organisms, plays a role in detoxifying toxic substances or medicaments, has the functions of inhibiting bacteria, sterilizing, reducing heat stress, reducing nitrogen excretion, protecting environment, playing a nutritional role, improving growth performance, organism immunity, reproductive capacity and the like, and has important functions.
The biological pesticide fertilizer provided by the invention comprises 1.5-2.5 g of trace elements per liter, and more preferably 1.8-2.2 g. In the invention, the trace elements comprise zinc, magnesium, boron, manganese, iron and copper, and the mass ratio of the zinc to the magnesium to the boron to the manganese to the iron to the copper is 1:8:1.5:1:3: 0.2. In the invention, the microelements have the function of promoting growth and development, the deficiency of the microelements can cause the stagnation of growth and development, and the supplementation can accelerate the growth and development and the weight growth, enhance the physique, enhance the immunity and prevent and treat infection. In the present invention, the zinc element is preferably present as zinc sulfate, the magnesium element is preferably present as magnesium sulfate, the boron element is preferably present as boric acid, the manganese element is preferably present as manganese sulfate, the iron element is preferably present as ferrous sulfate, and the copper element is preferably present as copper sulfate.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the biological pesticide fertilizer, which comprises the following steps: dissolving the matrine and the trace elements in water respectively to obtain a matrine solution and a trace element solution, mixing the matrine solution and the trace element solution to obtain a composite solution, and mixing the composite solution and the composite amino acid to obtain the biological medicine fertilizer.
The invention also provides application of the biological pesticide fertilizer in the technical scheme in prevention and treatment of tetranychus urticae.
The invention also provides application of the biological pesticide fertilizer in the technical scheme in improving crop yield. In the present invention, the crop preferably comprises cotton, and the yield of the cotton seeds is increased.
The invention also provides application of the biological pesticide fertilizer in the technical scheme in promoting plant growth. In the invention, the plant is preferably cotton, the plant height and the stem thickness of the cotton are increased, and the root length of the cotton is increased.
In the invention, the application mode of the biological pesticide fertilizer preferably comprises foliar fertilization or drip irrigation fertilization, when the biological pesticide fertilizer is foliar fertilization, the biological pesticide fertilizer and water are mixed according to the volume ratio of (1-5) to (150-170), and the obtained mixed solution is sprayed to the foliage of the leaves; when the biological medicine fertilizer is applied by drip irrigation, the biological medicine fertilizer and water are mixed according to the volume ratio of (1-5) to (150-170), the obtained mixed solution is subjected to drip irrigation, the drip irrigation speed is preferably 2.8L/min, the drip irrigation time is preferably 1h, the drip irrigation is performed by the mode of drip irrigation through micropores of a hose under the film, and the medicine fertilizer amount is 1.5L.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Preparing a biological pesticide fertilizer:
preparing a matrine solution: weighing a certain mass of matrine raw medicine, adding water and blending to 10g/L to obtain matrine solution;
preparing a trace element composite solution: the trace elements are Zn, Mg, B, Mn, Fe and Cu, the addition forms of the trace elements are zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate, boric acid, manganese sulfate, ferrous sulfate and copper sulfate respectively, a certain amount of compounds of the trace elements are taken and added with water to form corresponding solutions, the concentrations of the solutions are 1g/L of zinc sulfate, 8g/L of magnesium sulfate, 1.5g/L of boric acid, 1g/L of manganese sulfate, 3g/L of ferrous sulfate and 0.2g/L of copper sulfate respectively, and the 6 solutions are compounded according to the volume ratio of 1:1:1:1:1:1 to obtain a trace element composite solution;
preparing a composite solution: mixing the obtained matrine solution and the microelement composite solution according to the volume ratio of 3:10 to obtain a composite solution;
preparation of compound amino acid: sterilizing animal blood at 65 deg.C to obtain sterilized blood, mixing sterilized blood with water (the mass ratio of sterilized blood to water is 3:7) to obtain mixture, sterilizing the mixture at 55 deg.C for 2 hr, cooling to 38 deg.C, mixing with protease (2 kg protease per ton of sterilized blood), and performing enzymolysis for 4 hr; cooling to 36 deg.C, mixing with EM bacterial liquid (per ton of sterilized blood is mixed with 2kgEM bacterial liquid), and performing aerobic fermentation for 10 hr; when the temperature is reduced to 28 ℃, carrying out anaerobic fermentation for 13 h; when the viable count reaches more than 2 hundred million/mL and the pH value is 5, the compound amino acid is obtained. The mass ratio of the EM bacteria to the water and the brown sugar is 10g to 10kg to 11kg, and the EM bacteria liquid is prepared after mixing.
Preparing a compound medicament: the compound amino acid and compound solution are 2.8kg:1L to obtain a compound medicament, the compound medicament is diluted and mixed with water according to the proportion of 1:15 to obtain a biological medicine fertilizer, each liter of the biological medicine fertilizer contains 10g of matrine, 560g of compound amino acid, 0.1g of zinc sulfate, 0.8g of magnesium sulfate, 0.15g of boric acid, 0.1g of manganese sulfate, 0.3g of ferrous sulfate and 0.02g of copper sulfate.
Comparative example 1
Matrine single agent solution: 20g of matrine raw drug is weighed and diluted to 2000mL by adding water to obtain matrine single-dose solution.
Comparative example 2
Solution of trace elements: 0.1g of zinc sulfate, 0.8g of magnesium sulfate, 0.15g of boric acid, 0.1g of manganese sulfate, 0.3g of ferrous sulfate and 0.02g of copper sulfate, wherein each reagent is diluted to 100mL by adding water, and the total volume of the reagents is 600mL after mixing to obtain a trace element solution.
Example 2
The test was carried out in the Jutsu county of Korea in 2017, from 7 to 8 middle of the month (the test was carried out for three consecutive years). The climate of the Hazard-Start county of Korea in Aksu (east longitude 78 degrees 02 '-79 degrees 57', north latitude 40 degrees 02 '-40 degrees 57') belongs to temperate continental arid climate, the sunshine is sufficient, the precipitation is less, the evaporation capacity is large, more dry hot air exists in spring and summer, the annual average temperature is 11.4 ℃, the annual average precipitation is 72mm, the average temperature is about 25 ℃ from 7 months to 9 months, the relative humidity is about 35%, the high temperature is favorable for the outbreak and serious harm of drought pest mites, and the Hazard-end desert soil is moderate saline-alkali desert soil; 13.25g/kg of soil organic carbon, 22.84g/kg of organic matter, 56mg/kg of alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, 0.31g/kg of total nitrogen, 0.87g/kg of total phosphorus, 14.03mg/kg of quick-acting phosphorus, 7.94 of pH value and 158.8us/cm of conductivity. The crop in the front of the test field is cotton.
The cotton to be tested is medium cotton No. 42, a 1-film 2-belt 6-row drip irrigation mode is adopted, namely 6 rows of cotton are planted on 1 film, drip irrigation belts are respectively paved among wide rows of cotton, the row spacing is 10cm, 66cm, 10cm, 66cm and 10cm in sequence, the bare land width between films is 66cm, the cotton plant spacing is 12cm (7 cells are arranged in total, the length of each cell is 20m, the width of each cell is 12m, and the area of each cell is 240m2) And is carried out in the full-bloom stage of cotton.
The cotton plants in the sample are required to grow uniformly, 10 representative plants are selected in each cell, and the process is repeated for 3 times. Before and after application, each cotton plant in bud period is divided into an upper (uppermost main stem unfolded leaf), a middle and a lower (lowermost branch position leaf) leaf, fertilization is carried out once every 10 days, spraying is carried out for 2 times totally, biological medicine fertilizer of example 1 (compound amino acid 560g + matrine solution 100ml + compound trace element solution 100ml is diluted to 3000ml by adding water, 750ml of diluted stock solution is taken and added with 40L of water for use), matrine single-agent solution of comparative example 1 and trace element solution of comparative example 2 are respectively exchanged to 40L of water, CK is no fertilization, fertilization modes are respectively foliar fertilization and drip irrigation fertilization, and leaf mite number is investigated and recorded. The plant height, the number of cotton buds, the number of bolls formed and the number of bolls dropped are measured in the full-bloom stage of cotton. The yield of seed cotton was measured during the harvest period in the last 10 months. The results are shown in Table 1.
Table 12017 years correlation analysis of various indexes under different fertilization treatments
Note: the upper case letters in the table indicate significant differences (P <0.01) and the lower case letters indicate significant differences (P <0.05), the same below.
As can be seen from Table 1, 20 days 7 months indicates a tendency of the spider mites to rapidly proliferate, and the population number of the spider mites peaked 30 days 7 months later. The mortality rates of the biological pesticide fertilizer and the single-dose tetranychus cinnabarinus treated in the mode of foliage spraying are respectively 60.22%, 47.13%, 50.7% and 28.70%. The effect of treating the biological medicine fertilizer in 20 days in 7 months is obviously higher than that of treating the biological medicine fertilizer by matrine single agent and CK by 51.6 percent and 52.64 percent, and has very significant difference (F is 65.66, F is 36.27, df is 5, and p is less than 0.01); the yield is 20% and 29.89% higher than that of a single matrine treated agent and CK (F is 3.73, df is 5, and p is less than 0.05); in 7 months and 30 days, the cotton boll number of the biological pesticide fertilizer treatment and the matrine single dose treatment and CK treatment is obviously different (P is less than 0.05) and is respectively 21% and 34% higher than that of the two treatments, but the increase range of the yield is smaller and the difference is not obvious (P is more than 0.05), along with the increase of the mite number, the damage range is enlarged, the dropped boll is increased, the boll increasing rate and the yield increasing rate are low or the increase range is smaller, and the results show that the yield increasing and boll increasing effects of the biological pesticide fertilizer treatment are good. The optimal time for controlling the tetranychus urticae and fertilizing the cotton within 7 months and 20 days is shown in the fact that the biological fertilizer composite medicament containing the amino acid has quick fertilizer effect and auxiliary effect, and can provide sufficient nutrients in time to meet the growth requirement in the growth period of the cotton. In the peak period of the tetranychus urticae appearing in 7-month and 30-day days, the propagation speed of the tetranychus urticae is high, the harm degree is tighter, the resistance to the pesticide appears, and the influence effect range of the treatment and fertilization is smaller.
Example 3
The test was carried out in the Julang county, Cork county, Aksu area, from 6 to 8 middle of 2018 under the same test conditions as in example 2, and the results are shown in tables 2 to 5.
TABLE 22018 Effect of different treatments on Tetranychus urticae and Cotton growth development
Note: the upper case letters in the table indicate significant differences (P <0.01) and the lower case letters indicate significant differences (P <0.05), the same below.
As can be seen from Table 2, in the late 7 th month, the dynamic laws of spider mites are grasped during the peak period, so that the hazard range and amount can be effectively controlled. In the foliar fertilization mode, the biological pesticide fertilizer is very different from other treatments (P < 0.01). The ratio is respectively 90.38%, 73.39% and 90.82%; and no significant difference (P <0.05) exists in the fertigation mode. Under the condition of unchanged fertilizing amount, the rate of preventing and controlling the cotton spider mites is increased, the number and the sum of the cotton bolls are obviously increased, and the plant height and the stem thickness are not changed any more. In 8 middle-month ten days, when the cotton is mature, the influence of each treatment on various indexes is not great, and the fertilization is not required to be continued. It is shown that the cotton growth is influenced by the direct relationship between the nutritional requirements and the optimum time for pest control.
TABLE 32018 Effect of different fertilization treatments on Cotton yield
As can be seen from Table 3, under the drip application mode, the yield of the seed cotton produced per unit time and the weight of the seed cotton produced per unit time of each treatment have no significant difference, and the yield increase rates of the seed cotton produced per unit time of the biological pesticide fertilizer treated by the method are respectively 22.28%, 12.7% and 22.4% higher than those of the seed cotton treated by the method treated by a single matrine, trace elements and CK by 41kg, 23kg and 41 kg; the weight of the single boll seed cotton processed by the biological pesticide fertilizer is increased to 0.58g, 1.33g and 1.21g compared with other processing. Under the mode of foliar fertilization, the yield increasing rate of the seed cotton produced by the biological insecticide-fertilizer treatment is respectively 15.27%, 10.40% and 43.10% higher than that of other treatments (p is less than 0.01), namely the yield increasing rate of 37.5kg, 25.55kg and 105.83kg is respectively increased; the weight of the single boll seed cotton is respectively increased by 0.07g, 0.09g and 1.54 g.
TABLE 42018 Effect of different fertilization treatments on Cotton fertility traits
As can be seen from Table 4, in the foliar fertilization mode, the single dose of the matrine, the trace elements and CK are increased by 1.51g, 1.63g and 1.85g respectively in the biological pesticide fertilizer treatment mode compared with the single dose of the matrine treatment mode; under the drip irrigation fertilization mode, each treatment has no significant difference on the weight of a single bell; the dry matter of the biological medicine fertilizer is respectively increased by 6.19 percent, 16.14 percent and 23.25 percent compared with the single dose of the matrine, the trace elements and the CK; under the drip irrigation fertilization mode, the length of each treated root is respectively increased to 2.5cm, 2.5cm and 1cm compared with each treated matrine single agent, trace elements and CK in the leaf fertilization mode; the dry root weight of the leaf application treatment biological pesticide fertilizer is respectively increased by 9.16 percent and 16.29 percent compared with the dry root weight of the treatment trace elements and the control; but the drop-on treatments were not significantly different from the control.
TABLE 52018 influence of biological compound fertilizer on soil nutrient content and physicochemical properties
From table 5, it can be seen that the effect of different treatments on the nutrient content of the soil is shown in table 5, and the effect of 1-year application of the biological pesticide fertilizer on the physicochemical property of the soil is not significantly different from that of CK. The organic matter content of the biological pesticide fertilizer after each treatment and fertilization is different and significant (P is less than 0.05) compared with that of each treatment before fertilization. On the contrary, the contents of the quick-acting phosphorus and the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen are not changed along with the fertilizing amount, and the contents of the quick-acting phosphorus and the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen are obviously improved before the fertilization compared with the biological pesticide fertilizer and the matrine are treated before the fertilization, and are obviously different. Compared with matrine, the content of alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen in the soil of the biological medicine fertilizer is increased by 17.03 percent and 34.47 percent at most respectively, and the biological medicine fertilizer has no significant difference (P is less than 0.05) to available phosphorus; indicating that the increase of the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen nutrient is larger. The improvement range of the total nitrogen content and the total phosphorus content is small, and the difference is not obvious; after the two treatments are fertilized, the pH value of the soil and the total salt have no obvious change compared with the pH value before the treatments are fertilized. It is stated that the biological fertilizer does not reduce the pH and total salt to a great extent, which may be related to low application rates, soil nutrient requirements and insufficient soil moisture supply.
Example 4
The test is carried out in the Chonglang county Keqing area cotton field from 6 middle of the month to 8 middle of the month in 2019, the cotton to be tested is No. 42 middle cotton, a 1-film 2-belt 6-row drip irrigation mode is adopted, namely 6 rows of cotton are planted on 1 film, the drip irrigation belts are respectively paved in the middle of wide rows of cotton, the row spacing is 10, 66, 10, 66 and 10cm in sequence, the width of the bare land between films is 66cm, the row spacing of the cotton is 12cm (totally, 7 small zones are arranged, each small zone is 20m in length, 12m in width and 240m in area2)。
The cotton plants in the sample are required to grow uniformly, 10 representative plants are selected in each cell, and the process is repeated for 3 times. Before and after application, each cotton plant in the bud period is divided into an upper leaf (the uppermost main stem is unfolded with leaves), a middle leaf and a lower leaf (the lowermost branch position leaves), the cotton plants are fertilized once every 15 days, the fertilization is totally carried out for 5 times, each cell is applied with a corresponding treatment, and the test is totally provided with 6 treatments;
CK respectively: (no fertilizer application).
In the drip irrigation fertilization mode, the compound fertilizer (the compound fertilizer of example 1 is applied): 560g of compound amino acid, 100ml of matrine solution and 100ml of compound trace element solution are diluted to 3000ml by adding water, 750ml of diluted stock solution is taken and added with 40L of water for application.
Special drip irrigation fertilizer (N-P) for cotton2O5-K2Total O nutrient content 51%): 5kg of drip irrigation fertilizer is diluted by adding 40L of water and then applied.
Urea + potassium dihydrogen phosphate: (urea 200g + monopotassium phosphate 160g with 40L water dilution after application).
In the foliar fertilization mode, the compound insecticide-fertilizer (the compound insecticide-fertilizer of example 1 was applied): 560g of compound amino acid, 100ml of matrine solution and 100ml of compound trace element solution are diluted to 3000ml by adding water, 750ml of diluted stock solution is taken and added with 40L of water for application.
Propargite (chemical agent against spider mites): the content of effective components is 73%. The formulation is missible oil.
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate + complex amino acid: the potassium dihydrogen phosphate 160g + the compound amino acid 200g is diluted with 40L and then applied, and the results are shown in tables 6-8.
TABLE 62019 Effect of different treatments before fertilization on Tetranychus urticae and Cotton growth development
Note: the upper case letters in the table indicate significant differences (P <0.01) and the lower case letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05).
As can be seen from Table 6, the initial occurrence of Tetranychus urticae in late and middle of 6 months is low in number and no harmful, and the peak occurs in the most number of late and middle of 7 months, so that the tetranychus urticae is highly harmful and difficult to prevent. Under the mode of foliar fertilization, the sequence of the anti-mite rates of the biological pesticide fertilizer is propargite, the anti-mite rates are obviously higher than that of CK potassium dihydrogen phosphate and compound amino acid, the anti-mite rates of the treated biological pesticide fertilizer and the propargite are respectively 50%, 29%, 8.9% and 39% higher than that of other treatments (p is less than 0.05), the cotton yield is obviously improved by applying the biological pesticide fertilizer, the cotton yield is respectively improved by 22%, 15.89% and 47% higher than that of CK, propargite, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and compound amino acid, and after the biological pesticide fertilizer is applied, the indexes of plant height, leaf width, leaf length, SPAD value, biomass, boll number, seed cotton single boll weight and the like are all higher than those of other treatments. The anti-mite rate of the biological pesticide fertilizer in the drip irrigation fertilization mode is 19.87%, and the anti-mite rate difference with that of the treated drip irrigation fertilizer, namely monopotassium phosphate, urea and CK is not obvious (p is more than 0.05); in addition, compared with other treatments, the plant height, the stem thickness, the root length and the shed boll quantity are respectively 10.29 percent, 8.82 percent, 7.97 percent, 9.68 percent, 17.92 percent and 19.28 percent higher, and the difference is significant (P < 0.05). The result shows that the biological pesticide fertilizer can effectively prevent and control the tetranychus urticae, improve the yield, be beneficial to the growth and development of cotton and improve and activate the soil fertilizer characteristics.
TABLE 72019 Effect of different treatments on ladybug dynamics
As can be seen from Table 7, there was no harm to Tetranychus urticae before the peak period and no resistance to ladybug as in the above table, the ladybug was a natural enemy of Tetranychus urticae, the group of ladybugs had a great effect on the control of aphids, scales, mites and other pests, and the number of ladybugs was also significantly increased as the number of Tetranychus urticae increased during the peak period, but the number of ladybugs was also different under different treatments. In a foliar fertilization mode, the numbers of the cotton spider mites and the ladybug are reduced after the propargite is treated, but other treated ladybugs have no difference, which means that the cotton spider mites have a killing effect on the ladybug after the propargite is applied; after the compound pesticide fertilizer is applied, the number of the cotton spider mites is reduced, the protection effect on the ladybug is strongest, the killing effect is avoided, and the cotton spider mites and the ladybug are not influenced by treatment in a drip irrigation fertilization mode. The result shows that the compound pesticide fertilizer can prevent mites and protect the world insects.
TABLE 82019 Effect of different fertilisation treatments on Cotton yield
As can be seen from table 8, various treatments under the same fertilization mode have different effects on each index; in the drip irrigation fertilization mode, the fertilizer and the fertilizer H are compared with the drip irrigation fertilizer and the fertilizer H for treating the biological pesticide fertilizer2KPO3+ urine2.87, 3.27 and 3.63 elements and CK are respectively increased; root length ratio H of biological pesticide fertilizer treatment2KPO3+ urea and CK are obviously high, increased by 13, 10 and 15 units respectively; compared with CK treatment, the seed cotton treated by other treatments has obviously high yield, biological pesticide fertilizer and H under the mode of drip irrigation fertilization2KPO3The yield of the seed cotton treated by urea and drip irrigation fertilizer has no significant difference. Under the mode of foliar fertilization, the root length of each treatment is not different, and the ratio of the biological medicine fertilizer to the propargite and the biological medicine fertilizer H in the aspect of boll-forming number is higher2KPO3+ 4.87, 2.80 and 5.10 compound amino acids and CK respectively; compared with other treatments, the seed cotton yield of the compound pesticide fertilizer treated by the method is remarkably different and is increased by 22%, 15.89% and 46.93%, and the results show that the seed cotton yield and the ring forming number of the biological pesticide fertilizer treated by the method are higher than those of the biological pesticide fertilizer treated by the method of drip irrigation fertilization in a foliar fertilization mode, and the shedding ring forming number and the root length of the compound pesticide fertilizer treated by the method of drip irrigation fertilization are higher than those of the biological pesticide fertilizer treated by the method of foliar fertilization.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The biological pesticide fertilizer is characterized by taking water as a solvent, and each liter of the biological pesticide fertilizer comprises: 1-3 g of matrine, 500-600 g of compound amino acid and 1.5-2.5 g of trace elements;
the preparation method of the compound amino acid comprises the following steps: sterilizing animal blood to obtain sterilized blood, mixing the sterilized blood with water, sterilizing at 55-65 ℃, cooling to 38-42 ℃, mixing with protease, and performing enzymolysis for 4-6 hours; cooling to 36-40 ℃, mixing with EM bacterial liquid, and carrying out aerobic fermentation for 10-12 h; when the temperature is reduced to 28-32 ℃, carrying out anaerobic fermentation for 13-15 h; when the viable count reaches 2 x 109When the pH value is more than cfu/mL and is 5-6, obtaining the compound amino acid;
the trace elements comprise zinc, magnesium, boron, manganese, iron and copper, and the mass ratio of the zinc, the magnesium, the boron, the manganese, the iron and the copper is 1:8:1.5:1:3: 0.2.
2. The biological fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that said zinc element is present in the form of zinc sulfate, said magnesium element is present in the form of magnesium sulfate, said boron element is present in the form of boric acid, said manganese element is present in the form of manganese sulfate, said iron element is present in the form of ferrous sulfate, and said copper element is present in the form of copper sulfate.
3. The biological insecticide-fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein said biological insecticide-fertilizer is water as solvent, and comprises per liter: 2g of matrine, 560g of compound amino acid and 1.8-2.2 g of total trace elements.
4. The method for preparing the biological medicine fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: dissolving the matrine and the trace elements in water respectively to obtain a matrine solution and a trace element solution, mixing the matrine solution and the trace element solution to obtain a composite solution, and mixing the composite solution and the composite amino acid to obtain the biological medicine fertilizer.
5. The use of the biological insecticide-fertilizer of any one of claims 1 to 3 for controlling tetranychus urticae.
6. Use of the biological insecticide fertilizer of any one of claims 1 to 3 for increasing crop yield.
7. Use of the biological pesticide fertilizer as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 3 for promoting plant growth.
8. The use according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the biological fertilizer is applied by foliar fertilization or drip irrigation.
9. The application of the biological pesticide fertilizer as claimed in claim 8, wherein when the application mode of the biological pesticide fertilizer is foliar fertilization, the biological pesticide fertilizer and water are mixed according to the volume ratio of (1-5) - (150-170), and the obtained mixed solution is sprayed to the foliage.
10. The application of the biological pesticide fertilizer as claimed in claim 8, wherein when the application mode of the biological pesticide fertilizer is foliar spraying, the biological pesticide fertilizer and water are mixed according to the volume ratio of (1-5) to (150-170), and the obtained mixed solution is sprayed.
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