CN110677046A - Peak current mode digital control system and method for flyback power supply in DCM (discontinuous conduction mode) - Google Patents
Peak current mode digital control system and method for flyback power supply in DCM (discontinuous conduction mode) Download PDFInfo
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- CN110677046A CN110677046A CN201910898838.XA CN201910898838A CN110677046A CN 110677046 A CN110677046 A CN 110677046A CN 201910898838 A CN201910898838 A CN 201910898838A CN 110677046 A CN110677046 A CN 110677046A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
- H02M3/33515—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with digital control
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
- H02M3/33523—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a peak current mode digital control system and method for a flyback power supply in a DCM (discontinuous conduction mode), and belongs to the technical field of power generation, power transformation or power distribution. According to the method, an in-phase auxiliary winding for sampling the input voltage of the flyback power supply is added, the waveform analysis is carried out on the deviation of the in-phase auxiliary winding voltage of the flyback power supply and the flyback power supply input voltage analog sampling value to calculate the high level time length that the in-phase auxiliary winding voltage exceeds the flyback power supply input voltage analog sampling value, the flyback power supply input voltage digital sampling value is updated according to the change of the high level time length, the updated input voltage digital sampling value is taken as the calculation basis of the switching tube conduction time, the extra power consumption introduced by a sampling resistor can be eliminated, the control precision is improved, and the instability introduced due to false triggering is eliminated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a flyback switching power supply, in particular to a peak current mode digital control system and a peak current mode digital control method for the flyback switching power supply in a DCM (discontinuous conduction mode), and belongs to the technical field of power generation, power transformation or power distribution.
Background
Switching power supplies are commonly used as power supplies for various types of electrical equipment to convert an unregulated ac or dc input voltage to a regulated ac or dc output voltage. With the increasing consumer electronics market and the gradual maturity of third generation semiconductor technology, the switching power supply is developing towards high frequency and small size with high power density.
At present, the control modes of the switching power supply are mainly divided into two types: voltage mode control and peak current mode control. The voltage mode control is a single control loop, the debugging is simple, the implementation is easy, the duty ratio regulation is not limited, and the defect is that the dynamic performance of the output voltage is not good. Under the current demanding requirements of switching power supplies, voltage mode control is gradually abandoned. The peak current mode control is a double-loop control system, the voltage outer loop controls the current inner loop, and the current inner loop works fast, so that the response speed of the peak current control mode to the input voltage and the output load is high. In view of the above advantages, the peak current mode control method is widely used.
The block diagram of the conventional peak current analog-digital control system is shown in fig. 1, and the peak current Vpeak is input to the comparator after being subjected to digital-to-analog conversion by Vpeak _ D given by the digital control module. A sampling resistor Rs is connected in series below a power switch tube S, the voltage drop Vcs of the sampling resistor Rs reflects the peak value of the inductive current, and then the Vcs is input into a comparator. The comparator compares the two input signals Vpeak and Vcs, and feeds back the result close to the digital controller, and the digital control module close judges whether to close the power tube S.
In the conventional peak current analog-digital control method, because the power switch tube S has a parasitic capacitance, the voltage at the two ends of Rs has serious oscillation and voltage spike when the power switch tube performs switching action. There are three main disadvantages to using a sampling resistor to realize peak current control: 1) the power switch tube can be triggered mistakenly, and the system stability is reduced; 2) the adoption of the series resistor Rs to sample the peak current of the inductor can generate larger power consumption; 3) due to the problem of process precision, the sampling resistor has larger error to reduce the control precision; 4) the system dynamic response is poor with respect to the proposed control method due to the delays of the comparator and DAC.
The above problem is more prominent in high frequency switching power supplies, and therefore, there is a need for improvement of the conventional peak current analog digital control method.
The invention aims to provide a novel peak current analog-digital control method to eliminate extra power consumption and false triggering introduced by a sampling resistor, improve control precision and increase dynamic response speed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a peak current mode digital control system and method for a flyback power supply in a DCM (discontinuous conduction mode) mode, which aims to overcome the defects of the background art, eliminate extra power consumption introduced by a sampling resistor, improve the control precision, eliminate instability introduced by false triggering, and solve the technical problems of false triggering, larger power consumption and poorer dynamic response of a power switch tube caused by the traditional peak current digital mode control method.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the aim of the invention:
a peak current analog-digital control method for a flyback power supply in a DCM mode is realized by a control system which is formed by a sampling module, an error calculation module, a PID module, a Ton calculation module, a PWM module and a driving module, and the system is connected with a controlled switching power supply to form a closed loop.
The sampling module performs analog-to-digital conversion on the analysis result of the voltage waveform of the auxiliary winding to be used as an auxiliary winding voltage reference, and the auxiliary winding voltage reference is used for feedback control sampling of the auxiliary winding voltage to obtain output voltage and input voltage. The sampling method of the output voltage is the traditional double-line sampling, and is not described herein for the prior art. The idea of the sampling module for sampling the input voltage is as follows: and performing analog-to-digital conversion on the waveform analysis result of the in-phase auxiliary winding voltage through a comparator to serve as a reference quantity of the in-phase auxiliary winding voltage, and performing high-level time duration timing on the difference value of the in-phase auxiliary winding voltage and the reference value thereof. The sampling value of the input voltage is adjusted by judging the high level duration of the current sampling period and the high level duration of the last sampling period, so that the purpose of finally sampling the input voltage is achieved.
The input signal of the error calculation module is an output signal sampling value, the difference between the output voltage sampling value and the reference voltage is obtained to obtain an error signal, and the difference value is output to the PID module.
The input signal of the PID module is the error signal output by the error calculation module, and the inductance peak current is output through the automatic compensation of the PID.
The input signals of the power switch tube conduction time calculation module are input voltage sampling values and inductance peak current, and the power switch tube conduction time is obtained through mathematical operation.
The input signal of the PWM module is the conduction time of the power switch tube and outputs the duty ratio control signal of the power switch tube.
The driving module converts the signal output by the PWM module into a duty ratio signal capable of driving the power switch tube, and controls the on and off of the power switch tube.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the peak current analog-digital control method provided by the invention does not need a sampling resistor, can eliminate extra power consumption caused by the resistor, eliminates instability caused by oscillation, and avoids reduction of control precision caused by error of the sampling resistor.
(2) The invention provides a sampling method of flyback power supply input voltage based on waveform analysis and analog-to-digital conversion, which is characterized in that waveform analysis is carried out on the deviation of a voltage measured value of an in-phase auxiliary winding and an input voltage analog sampling value, the high level time of a deviation signal in each sampling period is counted, the digital sampling value of the input voltage is updated according to the change condition of the high level time of the deviation signal in a continuous sampling period, and the updated digital sampling value of the input voltage is taken as the calculation basis of the conduction time of a switching tube, so that the dynamic response of a system is improved.
(3) Compared with the traditional peak current analog-digital control method, the invention uses a DAC (analog-digital converter) and a comparator in the traditional peak current analog-digital control method to sample the input voltage Vin, only introduces one transformer auxiliary winding, and reduces the cost of the circuit compared with a high-precision sampling resistor.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a conventional peak current digital control system.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a peak current digital control system of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 is an internal schematic diagram of the sampling module.
Fig. 4 is an operating waveform diagram of a sampled input voltage.
Fig. 5 is a flow chart of an input voltage sampling algorithm.
Fig. 6(a) is a simulation result of the dynamic response of the flyback power supply when the conventional peak current mode digital control method is adopted, and fig. 6(b) is a simulation result of the dynamic response of the flyback power supply when the non-sampling resistance peak current mode digital control method is adopted.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is explained in detail in the following with reference to the attached drawings.
The sampling module is used for sampling the output voltage Vo and the input voltage Vin, and a schematic diagram of an internal circuit of the sampling module is shown in fig. 3. The sampling of the output voltage is realized by using the prior art, namely, two-line sampling, and the details are not repeated here. The sampling of the input voltage is proposed for the first time by the present invention, as shown in fig. 3. The operation waveform of the voltage source is shown in fig. 4, wherein Vaux2 is an inverted waveform of Vaux1, Vaux1 is used for sampling the output voltage Vo, and Vaux2 is used for sampling the input voltage Vin. When Duty is 1, that is, when the switching tube S is turned on, if the influence of the leakage inductance of the transformer is not considered, the primary voltage of the transformer is the input voltage Vin, and the voltage Vaux2 of the auxiliary winding at this time may be represented as:
na is the number of turns of the auxiliary winding of the transformer, and Np is the number of turns of the primary side of the transformer. Therefore, by sampling Vaux2 at this time, the magnitude of the input voltage Vin can be obtained:
the specific sampling method is as follows: the auxiliary winding voltage Vaux2 is connected to the non-inverting terminal of the comparator, the output voltage Ve of the DAC is connected to the inverting terminal of the comparator, the comparison result is dx, and the high level duration of the signal dx is counted and recorded as countx. If countx (n) >0, Vin (n +1) ═ Vin (n) + 1; if countx (n-1) ═ 0 and countx (n) ═ 0, then Vin (n +1) ═ Vin (n) -1; if countx (n-1) >0 and countx (n) ═ 0, Vin (n +1) ═ (Vin (n) + Vin (n-1))/2. The entire sampling algorithm may be summarized as a flow chart of the procedure shown in fig. 5.
The error calculation module calculates the difference between the output voltage Vo obtained by the sampling module and the reference voltage and outputs the result er to the PID module.
And the PID module carries out automatic compensation adjustment according to the output er of the error calculation module, outputs the peak current Ipeak and outputs the peak current Ipeak to the Ton calculation module.
The input signal of the Ton calculating module comprises Vin output by the sampling module and Ipeak output by the PID module. According to the working principle of the flyback converter, when the power switch tube S is turned on, the current on the inductor rises linearly, and the rising slope isFor peak current control, the following holds:
vin is input voltage, Lm is transformer excitation inductance, Ton is power switch conduction time, and Ipeak is peak current output by the PID module. The Ton calculation module calculates Ton according to equation (3):
and the Ton calculating module outputs the calculation result to the PWM module.
The input signal of the PWM module is Ton, and the internal calculation circuit sets the conduction time of the power switch tube according to the Ton.
The driving module converts the signal Duty _ S output by the PWM module into a signal Duty capable of driving the power switch tube, and controls the on and off of the power switch tube.
Fig. 6(a) and 6(b) are simulation results of dynamic response of the 20V-5A flyback converter in the conventional peak current mode digital control and the non-sampling resistance peak current mode digital control, and the load switching sequence is 100% to 50% and then 100%. When heavy load and light load are switched, the recovery time is improved from 1000us to 100us, and the overshoot voltage is improved from 2000mv to 400 mv; during light load and heavy load cutting, the recovery time is improved from 900us to 160us, and the undershoot voltage is improved from 2000mv to 450 mv. The simulation results show that the dynamic performance is greatly improved.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention, taken in conjunction with the specific preferred embodiments thereof, and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details, as many variations of the invention are possible within the teachings herein (e.g., for an active-clamp flyback converter), without departing substantially from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, all such modifications as would be obvious to one skilled in the art are intended to be included within the scope of this invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (8)
1. A peak current modulus digital control system for a flyback power supply in DCM, comprising:
the sampling module is used for carrying out waveform analysis on the voltage of the auxiliary winding of the flyback power supply and then carrying out feedback control on the DAC to obtain a digital sampling value of the output voltage and a digital sampling value of the input voltage of the flyback power supply,
an error calculating module for calculating the difference between the digital sampling value of the output voltage of the input flyback power supply and the reference voltage and outputting an error signal,
a PID module for outputting peak current after automatic compensation adjustment of the input error signal,
the switch tube conducting time calculation module calculates the switch tube conducting time according to the input peak current and the input voltage digital sampling value,
a PWM module for generating a duty ratio control signal according to the input switching tube conduction time,
and the driving module generates a switching tube driving signal according to the input duty ratio control signal.
2. The peak current analog-to-digital control system for the flyback power supply in DCM as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sampling module comprises a unit for two-line sampling of the flyback power supply output voltage, the unit comprising:
a first comparator, the positive phase input end of which is connected with the reverse phase auxiliary winding voltage of the flyback power supply, the reverse phase input end of which is connected with the analog sampling value of the output voltage of the flyback power supply,
a second comparator, the positive phase input end of which is connected with the reverse phase auxiliary winding voltage of the flyback power supply, the reverse phase input end of which is connected with the analog sampling value of the output voltage of the flyback power supply,
a waveform analysis module, the input end of which is connected with the output end of the first comparator and the output end of the second comparator, and outputs a digital sampling value of the output voltage of the flyback power supply after carrying out waveform analysis on the comparison result output by the first comparator and the second comparator,
and the input end of the DAC is connected with a digital sampling value of the output voltage of the flyback power supply, and an analog sampling value of the output voltage of the flyback power supply is fed back to the inverting input ends of the first comparator and the second comparator.
3. The peak current analog-to-digital control system for the flyback power supply in DCM as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sampling module comprises a flyback power supply input voltage sampling unit, the unit comprising:
a comparator, the positive phase input end of which is connected with the flyback power supply non-inverting auxiliary winding voltage, the negative phase input end of which is connected with the analog sampling value of the flyback power supply input voltage,
a waveform analysis module for analyzing the waveform of the output result of the comparator and outputting a digital sampling value of the input voltage of the flyback power supply updated along with the time length change of the high level of the output signal of the comparator,
and the input end of the DAC is connected with a digital sampling value of the input voltage of the flyback power supply, and an analog sampling value of the input voltage of the flyback power supply is fed back to the inverted input end of the comparator.
4. The system according to claim 3, wherein the waveform analysis module outputs the flyback power input voltage digital sampling value updated along with the change of the high level duration of the output signal of the comparator, specifically, counts the high level duration of the in-phase auxiliary winding voltage exceeding the flyback power input voltage analog sampling value, and if countx (n) >0, Vin (n +1) is Vin (n) + 1; if countx (n-1) ═ 0 and countx (n) ═ 0, then Vin (n +1) ═ Vin (n) -1; if countx (n-1) >0 and countx (n) ═ 0, Vin (n +1) ═ 2, countx (n-1) and countx (n) are the duration when the in-phase auxiliary winding voltage exceeds the flyback power input voltage analog sampled value in the n-1 th sampling period and the duration when the in-phase auxiliary winding voltage exceeds the flyback power input voltage analog sampled value in the n-1 th sampling period, and Vin (n-1), Vin (n), and Vin (n +1) are the digital sampled values of the flyback power input voltage n-1 th sampling period, n-1 th sampling period and n +1 th sampling period.
5. The analog-to-digital control system for peak current of a flyback power supply in DCM as claimed in claim 1, wherein the expression for calculating the on-time of the switching tube according to the input peak current and the digital sampling value of the input voltage is:
Tonfor the conduction time of the switching tube, IpeakIs the peak current, VinFor digital sampling of the input voltage, LmThe excitation inductance of the transformer in the flyback power supply.
6. The method is characterized in that the voltage of an inverted auxiliary winding of the flyback power supply is measured to acquire the digital value of the output voltage of the flyback power supply, the voltage of an in-phase auxiliary winding of the flyback power supply is measured to acquire the digital value of the input voltage of the flyback power supply, the deviation of the digital value of the output voltage of the flyback power supply and the reference voltage is compensated and adjusted to determine the peak current, the conduction time of a switching tube is calculated according to the peak current and the digital value of the input voltage of the flyback power supply, and then the conduction time of the switching tube is used for generating a driving signal of the switching tube.
7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the flyback power supply comprises a step of measuring the reverse auxiliary winding voltage of the flyback power supply by a two-wire sampling method to obtain the digital value of the output voltage of the flyback power supply.
8. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the method for digital control of peak current of the flyback power supply in DCM comprises the following steps: and performing waveform analysis on the deviation of the flyback power supply in-phase auxiliary winding voltage and the flyback power supply input voltage analog sampling value, counting the high level time length of the flyback power supply in-phase auxiliary winding voltage exceeding the flyback power supply input voltage analog sampling value, and updating the flyback power supply input voltage digital sampling value according to the change of the high level time length.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111525801A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-08-11 | 东南大学 | Flyback converter and control method for realizing zero-voltage switch |
| CN111682770A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-09-18 | 中南大学 | Primary side current sampling double closed-loop digital control method of active clamping forward converter |
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| CN111682770A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-09-18 | 中南大学 | Primary side current sampling double closed-loop digital control method of active clamping forward converter |
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| CN110677046B (en) | 2020-06-16 |
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