CN110670243A - 一种竹纤维增强无纺布的制备方法及其在产妇巾的应用 - Google Patents

一种竹纤维增强无纺布的制备方法及其在产妇巾的应用 Download PDF

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CN110670243A
CN110670243A CN201911032091.6A CN201911032091A CN110670243A CN 110670243 A CN110670243 A CN 110670243A CN 201911032091 A CN201911032091 A CN 201911032091A CN 110670243 A CN110670243 A CN 110670243A
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woven fabric
silver
bamboo fiber
chitosan
nano
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陈美琴
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Hengan Fujian Holding Group Co Ltd
Fujian Hengan Household Life Article Co Ltd
Hengan China Hygiene Products Co Ltd
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Fujian Hengan Household Life Article Co Ltd
Hengan China Hygiene Products Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及无纺布技术领域，尤其涉及的是一种竹纤维增强无纺布的制备方法及其在产妇巾的应用，即将预处理过的天然原竹纤维与壳聚糖纳米银共混改性，采用0.2％的涤纶73号油剂对竹纤维进行表面处理，再进水刺工艺制备成水刺无纺布，并包括一种由该无纺布制成的产妇巾。本发明的目的在于，研究一种集抑菌功能和可降解功能为一体的竹纤维增强无纺布，并应用于产妇巾的面层材料，使得制备的产妇巾集可降解与低敏性于一体。

Description

一种竹纤维增强无纺布的制备方法及其在产妇巾的应用
本发明涉及无纺布技术领域，尤其涉及的是一种竹纤维增强无纺布的制备方法及其在产妇巾的应用。
背景技术
抗菌纤维对抗甲氧苯青霉素的黄色葡萄菌等，具有抗菌杀菌功能，可防感染和传染。混入型的制法是将含银、铜、锌离子的陶瓷粉等具有耐热性的无机抗菌剂，混入聚酯、聚酰胺或聚丙烯腈中进行纺丝而得；后处理型是将天然纤维用季铵化物或脂肪酰亚胺等有机抗菌剂浸渍处理制得。用于医院用纺织品如衣服、床单、罩布、窗帘、连裤袜、短袜和绷带等。
壳聚糖又称脱乙酰甲壳素，是由自然界广泛存在的几丁质经过脱乙酰作用得到的，由于其资源丰富、无毒、无污染，具有良好的生物相容性、生物可降解性和广谱抗菌性，被各行各业广泛关注，在医药、食品、化工、化妆品、水处理、金属提取及回收、生化和生物医学工程等诸多领域的应用研究取得了重大进展。
公开号为CN104324407B的中国专利公开了一种纳米氯化银/壳聚糖纤维抗菌敷料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：(1)壳聚糖纤维无纺布表面预处理：将酸液喷淋在壳聚糖纤维表面，使酸液浸润无纺布表面，处理1-5min后，用去离子水清洗；(2)将经过预处理的无纺布浸泡在0.0048-0.036mmol/mL硝酸银溶液中，常温摇荡30min；(3)取出无纺布沥干后，晾干至含水率为30％-40％；(4)将等饱和吸水量的0.036-0.27mmol/mL氯化钠溶液均匀喷于无纺布表面，氯化钠摩尔数为吸附银摩尔数的1.2-1.5倍，反应5-10min；(5)喷淋去离子水快速冲洗后，沥干，于50-60℃条件下真空干燥。本制备方法银回收率高。所制得的纳米氯化银抗菌材料物理化学性能稳定，抗(抑)菌性能良好，氯化银粒子与壳聚糖纤维的固着性能良好，可作为医用创伤敷料。
公开号为CN104324407B公开了一种抗菌无纺布，包括A组分和B组分，其中A组分由如下重量份组成：粘胶纤维60-70份、PA10-20份，B组分由如下质量份组成：纳米银壳聚糖抗菌剂5-10份、羧基丁苯胶乳15-30份，其中A组分和B组分之间的重量比为7：(2-3)，纳米银壳聚糖抗菌剂由双醛壳聚糖与硝酸银反应制得，纳米银壳聚糖抗菌剂内中纳米银和双醛壳聚糖的质量之和与溶剂的质量比为1:1，纳米银壳聚糖抗菌剂中，纳米银颗粒被包埋在壳聚糖中，能够控制纳米银粒子的均匀释放，纳米银的抗菌作用能够长期保持，提高无纺布的抗菌能力。同时双醛壳聚糖具有的醛基可以与PA中的氨基结合，连接性能更好，本发明还公布了该抗菌无纺布的制作方法和应用。
上述专利的壳聚糖/银复合虽然具有了更好的抑菌性能，但因为纳米颗粒本身具有很高的表面能，容易团聚和氧化，导致其抗菌持久性差，且其直接与人体接触还易引起过敏，特别是在产妇巾等作用于人体敏感部位的产品，同时其整理后的无纺布纤维发硬变脆，强度降低，拉断力减小，可纺性变差。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述不足，提供一种竹纤维增强无纺布的制备方法及其在产妇巾的应用。
为实现上述目的，本发明的技术解决方案是：
一种竹纤维增强无纺布的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)壳聚糖纳米银溶液的制备：以2％的乙醇为溶剂，配制浓度为6.5g/L的壳聚糖溶液，然后将体积比为壳聚糖溶液(6.5g/L)：葡萄糖溶液(5g/L)：去离子水＝1：0.8：5-6进行混合，并调节PH值至7.5制得壳聚糖混合液；将体积比为壳聚糖混合液：硝酸银溶液(0.02mol/L)＝7.5-8:1进行反应，以0.6g/L的聚乙烯吡咯烷为稳定剂，添加量1.5％，反应温度70-75℃，反应时间60min，制备出壳聚糖纳米银溶液；
(2)纳米银纤维的制备：以壳聚糖纳米银溶液为整理剂，对无纺布纤维进行改性处理，PH值6.8-7.0，温度50-55℃，改性时间45min，改性过的纤维经过烘干处理，最终得出载银量为0.5-1.0％的纳米银纤维；
(3)天然竹纤维与纳米银纤维共混改性制备竹纤维增强无纺布：选取长度为9-12mm的天然竹纤维，在竹纤维上添加0.2％的涤纶73号油剂，取竹纤维：纳米银纤维＝1:3.5-4的比例共混开纤，粗混和精混后，再经过水刺工艺制备成水刺无纺布，以NUWET550试剂：聚醚硅油：AEO-9＝40：20：40为复配型亲水油剂对水刺无纺布进行浸渍制得竹纤维增强无纺布，亲水剂使用浓度为6g/L，浴液温度为55-60℃，烘干温度为90℃，烘干时间为5min；
(4)可靠性能测试：对所制得竹纤维增强无纺布进行70℃，90％的恒温恒湿下连续老化一个月实验测试及成人皮肤刺激性实验的可靠性能测试。
优选的，所竹纤维增强无纺布在产妇巾面层材料的应用。
通过采用上述的技术方案，本发明的有益效果是：
1、本发明利用壳聚糖分子吸附Ag而形成Ag-O键，通过其静电效应和位阻效应阻止Ag纳米粒子的聚集，使其均匀分散在复合物中，同时加入葡萄糖分子形成核壳结构，提高纳米粒子的抗菌持久性和进行抗过敏处理，加入聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为稳定剂抑制褐变现象。
2、本发明以天然竹纤维增强抗菌无纺布的力学性能，同时竹纤维里含有的竹醌具有天然的抑菌、防臭的功能，可以进一步提升面层材料的抑菌、防过敏性能，天然竹纤维的添加在一定程度上可以减少纳米银的添加量，使竹纤维增强无纺布集抑菌功能和可降解功能为一体，并应用于产妇巾的面层材料，使得产妇巾集可降解与低敏性于一体。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例来进一步说明本发明。
一种竹纤维增强无纺布的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)壳聚糖纳米银溶液的制备：以2％的乙醇为溶剂，配制浓度为6.5g/L的壳聚糖溶液，然后将体积比为壳聚糖溶液(6.5g/L)：葡萄糖溶液(5g/L)：去离子水＝1：0.8：5-6进行混合，并调节PH值至7.5制得壳聚糖混合液；将体积比为壳聚糖混合液：硝酸银溶液(0.02mol/L)＝7.5-8:1进行反应，以0.6g/L的聚乙烯吡咯烷为稳定剂，添加量1.5％，反应温度70-75℃，反应时间60min，制备出壳聚糖纳米银溶液；
(2)纳米银纤维的制备：以壳聚糖纳米银溶液为整理剂，对无纺布纤维进行改性处理，PH值6.8-7.0，温度50-55℃，改性时间45min，改性过的纤维经过烘干处理，最终得出载银量为0.5-1.0％的纳米银纤维；
(3)天然竹纤维与纳米银纤维共混改性制备竹纤维增强无纺布：选取长度为9-12mm的天然竹纤维，在竹纤维上添加0.2％的涤纶73号油剂，取竹纤维：纳米银纤维＝1:3.5-4的比例共混开纤，粗混和精混后，再经过水刺工艺制备成水刺无纺布，以NUWET550试剂：聚醚硅油：AEO-9＝40：20：40为复配型亲水油剂对水刺无纺布进行浸渍制得竹纤维增强无纺布，亲水剂使用浓度为6g/L，浴液温度为55-60℃，烘干温度为90℃，烘干时间为5min。
可靠性能测试
一、水刺面层无纺布老化前后材料测试
(1)样品信息
为减少冗余，本说明书中实施例只列出变量部分。
其中，“添加纳米银”指上述竹纤维增强无纺布的制备方法中的步骤2以壳聚糖纳米银溶液为整理剂，对无纺布纤维进行改性处理；“添加0.8％纳米银”指整理中壳聚糖纳米银溶液用量为0.8％(按质量百分数计)。“添加10％竹纤维”指竹纤维增强无纺布中竹纤维以质量百分计的含量为10％。
(2)测试方法：对所制得竹纤维增强无纺布进行70℃，90％的恒温恒湿下连续老化一个月实验测试及成人皮肤刺激性实验的可靠性能测试。
(3)测试结果
a、断裂强力
Figure BDA0002250447250000051
结论：添加竹纤维的实施例3、4样品断裂强力明显提高。
b、LIST回渗测试
Figure BDA0002250447250000052
Figure BDA0002250447250000061
结论：纳米银的添加对无纺布渗透性能无影响，竹纤维的添加是的无纺布渗透速度略下降、回渗值略变小。
c、耐磨/级
Figure BDA0002250447250000062
结论：所有无纺布耐磨等级均符合要求。
d、菌检结果
Figure BDA0002250447250000063
结论：添加纳米银或者添加竹纤维共混均能提高无纺布的抑菌性能，竹纤维的添加可以减少纳米的添加量；不添加葡萄糖和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮，老化后抗菌效果均出现不同程度减弱。
e、耐受性测试
实验方法：征集30位成人对本成人纸尿裤产品进行试用，人均试用5片，并统计试用情况
试用情况 实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 实施例4 实施例5 实施例6
无过敏 30 30 30 28 30 30
轻微发红 0 0 0 2 0 0
严重发红 0 0 0 0 0 0
过敏率 0 0 0 6％ 0 0
结论：壳聚糖、葡萄糖和硝酸银反应，制得的纳米抗菌粒子更不易引起人体不适。
二、水刺面层无纺布试机样性能测试
目的：验证竹纤维共混纳米银水刺无纺布面层用于产妇巾工艺适应性、成品性能。试机产品：朵娅产妇巾XL码。
测试结果如下表所示：
Figure BDA0002250447250000071
结论：1、三次加液：吸收速度：试机样2吸收速度略慢于试机样1及正常品。回渗量：试机样2回渗略优于试机样1及正常品。扩散长度：试机样扩散长度均与正常品相当。2、吸保水：三者吸收速度相当。
本具体实施例仅仅是对本发明的解释，其并不是对本发明的限制，本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后根据需要对本实施例作出没有创造性贡献的修改，但只要在本发明的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。

Claims (2)

1.一种竹纤维增强无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)壳聚糖纳米银溶液的制备：以2％的乙醇为溶剂，配制浓度为6.5g/L的壳聚糖溶液，然后将体积比为壳聚糖溶液(6.5g/L)：葡萄糖溶液(5g/L)：去离子水＝1：0.8：5-6进行混合，并调节PH值至7.5制得壳聚糖混合液；将体积比为壳聚糖混合液：硝酸银溶液(0.02mol/L)＝7.5-8:1进行反应，以0.6g/L的聚乙烯吡咯烷为稳定剂，添加量1.5％，反应温度70-75℃，反应时间60min，制备出壳聚糖纳米银溶液；
(2)纳米银纤维的制备：以壳聚糖纳米银溶液为整理剂，对无纺布纤维进行改性处理，PH值6.8-7.0，温度50-55℃，改性时间45min，改性过的纤维经过烘干处理，最终得出载银量为0.5-1.0％的纳米银纤维；
(3)天然竹纤维与纳米银纤维共混改性制备竹纤维增强无纺布：选取长度为9-12mm的天然竹纤维，在竹纤维上添加0.2％的涤纶73号油剂，取竹纤维：纳米银纤维＝1:3.5-4的比例共混开纤，粗混和精混后，再经过水刺工艺制备成水刺无纺布，以NUWET550试剂：聚醚硅油：AEO-9＝40：20：40为复配型亲水油剂对水刺无纺布进行浸渍制得竹纤维增强无纺布，亲水剂使用浓度为6g/L，浴液温度为55-60℃，烘干温度为90℃，烘干时间为5min；
(4)可靠性能测试：对所制得竹纤维增强无纺布进行70℃，90％的恒温恒湿下连续老化一个月实验测试及成人皮肤刺激性实验的可靠性能测试。
2.根据权利要求1所竹纤维增强无纺布在产妇巾面层材料的应用。
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