CN110668866A

CN110668866A - Biological organic fertilizer for sweet osmanthus cultivation

Info

Publication number: CN110668866A
Application number: CN201910968195.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 钟建刚
Original assignee: Anhui Jiajing Agricultural Comprehensive Development Co Ltd
Current assignee: Anhui Jiajing Agricultural Comprehensive Development Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-10-12
Filing date: 2019-10-12
Publication date: 2020-01-10

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers for cultivating flowers and trees, in particular to a biological organic fertilizer for cultivating sweet osmanthus, which comprises a fertilizer bag and a bagged fertilizer, wherein the fertilizer bag is made of a paper-plastic composite material, micropores are uniformly punched on the upper surface and the lower surface of the fertilizer bag, the bagged fertilizer comprises a nutrient component core, a coating inner layer and a coating outer layer, and the nutrient component core consists of the following components: 10-12 parts of urea, 10-12 parts of potassium sulfate and 5-7 parts of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, wherein the outer layer of the coating is made of a degradable water-retaining material; the invention effectively improves the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, has good influence on soil property improvement and growth of osmanthus trees, has wide sources of preparation raw materials and good environmental effect, and improves the utilization rate of resources.

Description

Biological organic fertilizer for sweet osmanthus cultivation

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of flower and tree cultivation fertilizers, in particular to a biological organic fertilizer for sweet osmanthus flower cultivation.

Background

Osmanthus fragrans is a commonly known name of a plurality of trees of Chinese Olea, is evergreen shrub or small arbor in Oleaceae, is firm in texture, thin in bark, long in leaf, oval in shape, sharp in face and tip, and is opposite to each other and does not wither in winter. The peanut leaves have large gardening varieties, and the most representative ones are Jingui, Yingui, Dangui and laurel, etc. The osmanthus fragrans is one of ten traditional flowers in China, integrates greening, beautifying and perfuming, is an excellent garden tree species with both appreciation and practicality, is clean and dust-free, can be used for preventing the deep energy from overflowing, and is worthy of one. Especially in mid-autumn season, the osmanthus fragrans is angry, and when the night is quiet and round, the osmanthus fragrans is enjoyed by wine, and the osmanthus fragrans is fragrant and smelly, so that people feel refreshing. In poems singing flowers in ancient China, the number of singing cinnamon works is considerable. The famous flower is deeply loved by Chinese people from ancient times and is regarded as a traditional famous flower. Although a plurality of fertilizers for osmanthus fragrans are available in the market, the effect is not obvious, and the cost is high.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the biological organic fertilizer for osmanthus fragrans cultivation, which effectively improves the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, has good influence on soil property improvement and osmanthus fragrans tree growth, has wide sources of preparation raw materials and good environmental effect, and improves the utilization rate of resources.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the biological organic fertilizer for sweet osmanthus cultivation comprises a fertilizer bag and a bagged fertilizer, wherein the fertilizer bag is made of a paper-plastic composite material, micropores are uniformly punched on the upper surface and the lower surface of the fertilizer bag, the bagged fertilizer comprises a nutrient component core, a coating inner layer and a coating outer layer, and the nutrient component core consists of the following components: 10-12 parts of urea, 10-12 parts of potassium sulfate and 5-7 parts of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, wherein the outer layer of the coating is made of a degradable water-retaining material.

Further, the diameter of the micropore is 2.0mm, the distance from the center of the micropore to the center of the adjacent micropore is 6.0mm, and the average grain size of the nutrient component core is 2.2-2.3 mm.

Further, the preparation method of the coating inner layer comprises the following steps: calcining the waste biomass at high temperature, crushing, mixing with potassium persulfate, KH-550 coupling agent, water, dodecyl sulfonic acid esterified starch and polyglycerol ricinoleate, reacting for 4-4.5h at 80-90 ℃, cooling, and then pouring and coating the particles of the nutrient component core to obtain the coating inner layer.

Further, the waste biomass is selected from one or two of animal wastes, plant roots and stems, sawdust, bamboo charcoal, straws, peanut shells and walnut shells.

Further, the mass ratio of the waste biomass to the potassium persulfate to the KH-550 coupling agent to the water to the dodecylsulfonated starch to the polyglycerol ricinoleate is 6:2:2:5:2: 1.

Furthermore, the degradable water-retaining material is prepared by carrying out graft copolymerization on straw waste and acrylamide monomers.

Further, the nutrient component core consists of the following components: 12 parts of urea, 10 parts of potassium sulfate and 6 parts of diammonium hydrogen phosphate.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:

1) the inner layer of the coating prepared from the biological waste has a developed pore structure, a huge specific surface area, rich functional groups, active surface charges and strong adsorption performance, can adsorb and retain water, and can effectively improve the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizers, phosphate fertilizers and potassium fertilizers after being wrapped by a nutritional ingredient core, thereby having good influence on soil property improvement and sweet osmanthus tree growth, and the coating has wide sources of preparation raw materials, good environmental effect and improved utilization rate of resources;

2) the outer layer of the coating is made of degradable water-retaining materials, gel is generated after water absorption and expansion, water is not easy to segregate, the water-retaining performance is improved while nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer of nutrient component cores are slowly released, the fertilizer is effective for a long time, the roots of the osmanthus fragrans trees can be prevented from being burnt by the fertilizer, and the outer layer of the coating is degradable and does not damage the environment;

3) the inner layer of the coating, the outer layer of the coating and the micropores have synergistic effect, so that the nitrogenous fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer are gradually released into the soil outside the fertilizer bag, the nutrient content in the soil is continuous and stable, the yield is obviously increased, and the defects of environmental pollution and soil fertility damage caused by the chemical fertilizer are overcome.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of bagged fertilizer;

the following are structural designations of the invention:

1-fertilizer bag, 2-bagged fertilizer, 11-micropore, 21-nutrient core, 22-coating inner layer and 23-coating outer layer.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

The biological organic fertilizer for sweet osmanthus cultivation comprises a fertilizer bag 1 and a bagged fertilizer 2, wherein the fertilizer bag 1 is made of a paper-plastic composite material, micropores 11 are uniformly punched on the upper surface and the lower surface of the fertilizer bag 1, the bagged fertilizer 2 comprises a nutrient component core 21, an envelope inner layer 22 and an envelope outer layer 23, and the nutrient component core 21 comprises the following components: 10 parts of urea, 10 parts of potassium sulfate and 5 parts of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, wherein the outer layer 23 of the coating is made of degradable water-retaining materials, the diameter of each micropore 11 is 2.0mm, the distance from the circle center of each micropore 11 to the circle center of the adjacent micropore 11 is 6.0mm, and the average grain diameter of each nutrient component core 21 is distributed between 2.2 and 2.3 mm; the preparation method of the envelope inner layer 22 comprises the following steps: calcining walnut shells at high temperature, crushing, mixing with potassium persulfate, KH-550 coupling agent, water, dodecylsulfonic acid esterified starch and polyglycerol ricinoleate, reacting for 4 hours at 80 ℃, cooling, and then pouring and coating the particles of the nutritional ingredient core 21 to obtain a coating inner layer 22, wherein the mass ratio of the walnut shells, the potassium persulfate, the KH-550 coupling agent, the water, the dodecylsulfonic acid esterified starch and the polyglycerol ricinoleate is 6:2:2:5:2: 1; the degradable water-retaining material is prepared by carrying out graft copolymerization on straw waste and acrylamide monomers.

Example 2

The biological organic fertilizer for sweet osmanthus cultivation comprises a fertilizer bag 1 and a bagged fertilizer 2, wherein the fertilizer bag 1 is made of a paper-plastic composite material, micropores 11 are uniformly punched on the upper surface and the lower surface of the fertilizer bag 1, the bagged fertilizer 2 comprises a nutrient component core 21, an envelope inner layer 22 and an envelope outer layer 23, and the nutrient component core 21 comprises the following components: 12 parts of urea, 12 parts of potassium sulfate and 7 parts of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, wherein the outer layer 23 of the coating is made of degradable water-retaining materials, the diameter of each micropore 11 is 2.0mm, the distance from the circle center of each micropore 11 to the circle center of the adjacent micropore 11 is 6.0mm, and the average grain diameter of each nutrient component core 21 is distributed between 2.2 and 2.3 mm; the preparation method of the envelope inner layer 22 comprises the following steps: calcining animal wastes at high temperature, crushing, mixing with potassium persulfate, KH-550 coupling agent, water, dodecyl sulfonic acid esterified starch and polyglycerol ricinoleate, reacting for 4.5 hours at 90 ℃, cooling, pouring and coating particles of a nutritional ingredient core 21 to obtain a coating inner layer 22, wherein the mass ratio of the animal wastes, the potassium persulfate, the KH-550 coupling agent, the water, the dodecyl sulfonic acid esterified starch and the polyglycerol ricinoleate is 6:2:2:5:2: 1; the degradable water-retaining material is prepared by carrying out graft copolymerization on straw waste and acrylamide monomers.

Example 3

The biological organic fertilizer for sweet osmanthus cultivation comprises a fertilizer bag 1 and a bagged fertilizer 2, wherein the fertilizer bag 1 is made of a paper-plastic composite material, micropores 11 are uniformly punched on the upper surface and the lower surface of the fertilizer bag 1, the bagged fertilizer 2 comprises a nutrient component core 21, an envelope inner layer 22 and an envelope outer layer 23, and the nutrient component core 21 comprises the following components: 12 parts of urea, 10 parts of potassium sulfate and 6 parts of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, wherein the outer layer 23 of the coating is made of degradable water-retaining materials, the diameter of each micropore 11 is 2.0mm, the distance from the circle center of each micropore 11 to the circle center of the adjacent micropore 11 is 6.0mm, and the average grain diameter of each nutrient component core 21 is distributed between 2.2 and 2.3 mm; the preparation method of the envelope inner layer 22 comprises the following steps: calcining walnut shells at high temperature, crushing, mixing with potassium persulfate, KH-550 coupling agent, water, dodecyl sulfonic acid esterified starch and polyglycerol ricinoleate, reacting for 4.5 hours at 85 ℃, cooling, pouring and coating particles of a nutritional ingredient core 21 to obtain a coating inner layer 22, wherein the mass ratio of the walnut shells, the potassium persulfate, the KH-550 coupling agent, the water, the dodecyl sulfonic acid esterified starch and the polyglycerol ricinoleate is 6:2:2:5:2: 1; the degradable water-retaining material is prepared by carrying out graft copolymerization on straw waste and acrylamide monomers.

Burying the fertilizer bag 1 in the soil near the osmanthus tree, wherein the horizontal distance from the fertilizer bag 1 to the root of the osmanthus tree is 15cm, and the vertical distance from the fertilizer bag 1 to the surface of the soil is 10 cm. Immediately leaching the fertilizer bag 1 with 15L of water, collecting leaching solution, leaching the

fertilizer bag

2, 7, 12, 17, 22, 27 and 31 days later, collecting leaching solution after each leaching, and collecting soil samples of 0-10cm, 10-20cm and 20-30cm after leaching. The method comprises the steps of collecting ammonia gas by a static absorption method, reversely buckling a plastic box with the inner diameter of 30cm and the height of 40cm on the surface of soil by taking a fertilizing point as a center, arranging a rectangular plastic box filled with 200ml, 2% boric acid and an indicator in the plastic box, replacing the boric acid from 9 to 11 points every day, measuring the ammonia gas absorbed in the boric acid, collecting the ammonia gas once every day in the first 30 days, collecting the ammonia gas once every 5 days later, and collecting the ammonia gas from 49 times to 125 days. Nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide are collected through a closed static box method, the box body is a cylindrical plastic box with the inner diameter of 30cm and the height of 40cm, a gas production pipe and a temperature probe are respectively placed inside the box body, a fan is fixed at the top of the box body to uniformly mix gas, the gas production box is inserted into soil for 5cm during sampling, the surrounding is covered with soil and sealed, gas samples of the closed box are respectively collected at 0min and 30min, 30ml is sampled every time, the samples are stored in a 20ml vacuum glass bottle, the temperature in the closed box is recorded, the sampling time is 9-11 points, and 12 times are collected in one month after fertilization. Nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide were determined by gas chromatography.

From the overall change of the pH of each soil layer after different treatments after fertilization, the change range of the pH of each layer after the common fertilizer treatment is larger than that of the biological organic fertilizer in the embodiment 1-3, because the common fertilizer is applied to the soil, a large amount of nutrients are rapidly released, and the pH of the soil is obviously influenced; the release of the nutrients is slow, so that the pH value of the soil is changed stably, and the growth of the root system of the osmanthus tree is facilitated. Meanwhile, the duration of the pH rise of the embodiment of the invention is longer than that of the common fertilizer, and the embodiment of the invention can continuously and slowly release the nitrogenous fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer, thereby achieving the effect of slowly and stably releasing the fertilizer. After the biological organic fertilizer prepared by the embodiment of the invention is buried in soil, the nutrient release is slow, the accumulated release amount is gradually increased, the requirement of the osmanthus trees for the nutrient can be met for a long time, and after the common fertilizer is applied to the soil, a large amount of nutrient is released in the early stage, so that the nutrient is insufficient in the later stage, and the nutrient requirement of the osmanthus trees in the later stage can not be met. The nutrients of the common fertilizer reach the maximum in 50 days and are obviously reduced in 90 days; the inventive examples showed an increasing trend throughout the test, and remained at a higher level for 90 days. In addition, the pH change of the biological organic fertilizer in the transverse and longitudinal directions of the soil is smaller than that of the common fertilizer, and a stable environment can be provided for the growth of the osmanthus trees.

10 days after fertilization, the nitrate nitrogen content of a soil layer 0-4cm away from the fertilization point in the common fertilizer treatment is rapidly increased, wherein the nitrate nitrogen content of the soil layer 0-2cm is obviously higher than that of other treatments; the nitrate nitrogen content of the bag fertilizer control treatment distance of 0-2cm from the transverse direction of the fertilization point is increased, and the nitrate nitrogen content of the soil layer of 2-6cm is not obviously increased. Nitrogen can leave the soil-plant system through various transformation and movement processes, thereby bringing economic losses of nitrogen fertilizer and the risk of adverse environmental effects. The loss of nitrogen directly reduces the quantity of nitrogen which can be absorbed by plants, thereby reducing the yield-increasing effect of fertilization and influencing the environmental quality. Leaching is one of the main ways to cause nitrogen loss, and is the main form of leaching loss of nitrate nitrogen. After being treated and applied to soil, the common fertilizer can be quickly dissolved to generate nitrate nitrogen with higher concentration through nitrification; the invention has the isolation effect on soil, only releases nutrients outwards through the micropores, and has lower nitrate nitrogen content and less leaching loss than common fertilizers around the fertilizing point.

The invention can only slowly release nutrients outwards through the micropores, so that the nitrogen in the soil slowly rises and is maintained at a certain concentration, the requirement of the crops is relatively close, the dynamic balance is well achieved, the fertilizer is beneficial to the crops, and the peak values of ammonia volatilization, nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emission are weakened and delayed for 15-20 days.

The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. The biological organic fertilizer for sweet osmanthus cultivation comprises a fertilizer bag (1) and a bagged fertilizer (2), and is characterized in that the fertilizer bag (1) is made of a paper-plastic composite material, micropores (11) are uniformly punched on the upper surface and the lower surface of the fertilizer bag (1), the bagged fertilizer (2) comprises a nutrient component core (21), a coated inner layer (22) and a coated outer layer (23), and the nutrient component core (21) consists of the following components: 10-12 parts of urea, 10-12 parts of potassium sulfate and 5-7 parts of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, wherein the outer layer (23) of the coating is made of degradable water-retaining materials.

2. The biological organic fertilizer for osmanthus cultivation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the diameter of said micro-hole (11) is 2.0mm, the distance from the center of said micro-hole (11) to the center of the adjacent micro-hole (11) is 6.0mm, and the average particle size of said nutrient core (21) is 2.2-2.3 mm.

3. The biological organic fertilizer for osmanthus cultivation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the envelope inner layer (22) comprises the following steps: calcining the waste biomass at high temperature, crushing, mixing with potassium persulfate, KH-550 coupling agent, water, dodecyl sulfonic acid esterified starch and polyglycerol ricinoleate, reacting for 4-4.5h at 80-90 ℃, cooling, and then pouring and coating the particles of the nutrient component core (21) to obtain the coating inner layer (22).

4. The biological organic fertilizer for osmanthus cultivation as claimed in claim 3, wherein the waste biomass is one or two selected from animal waste, plant rhizome, wood dust, bamboo charcoal, straw, peanut shell and walnut shell.

5. The biological organic fertilizer for osmanthus cultivation as claimed in claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of the waste biomass, the potassium persulfate, the KH-550 coupling agent, the water, the dodecylsul-fonate starch and the polyglycerol ricinoleate is 6:2:2:5:2: 1.

6. The biological organic fertilizer for osmanthus cultivation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the degradable water retention material is prepared from straw waste and acrylamide monomer through graft copolymerization.

7. The biological organic fertilizer for osmanthus cultivation as claimed in claim 1, wherein said nutrient component core (21) is composed of the following components: 12 parts of urea, 10 parts of potassium sulfate and 6 parts of diammonium hydrogen phosphate.