CN110668756A - Straw stalk fiber concrete brick and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Straw stalk fiber concrete brick and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110668756A CN110668756A CN201911038452.8A CN201911038452A CN110668756A CN 110668756 A CN110668756 A CN 110668756A CN 201911038452 A CN201911038452 A CN 201911038452A CN 110668756 A CN110668756 A CN 110668756A
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- straw
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- fiber concrete
- straw stalk
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Abstract
The invention is suitable for the technical field of concrete bricks, and provides a straw fiber concrete brick and a preparation process thereof, wherein the process comprises the following steps: obtaining dry straws, filtering the dry straws, cutting the filtered dry straws, and soaking the cut dry straws; filtering the soaked dry straws to obtain straw stalk fibers; stirring and mixing the straw stalk fibers with cement, coarse aggregate and fine aggregate to obtain a mixture, and putting the mixture into a mold to obtain a green brick; and standing the green bricks, removing the mold, and putting the green bricks into a standard concrete curing box for curing to obtain the straw stalk fiber concrete bricks. The invention has light weight, good heat preservation and insulation performance, high compressive strength and high flexural strength, can not only solve the problem of utilization of the current agricultural waste straw stalks, but also replace part of building materials so as to reduce the environmental problems and the adverse effects of energy consumption caused by the exploitation and processing of various building material resources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of concrete bricks, and particularly relates to a straw fiber concrete brick and a preparation process thereof.
Background
Rice is one of the main grains in China, and rice straw is increasingly regarded as an important biomass resource. According to statistics, the yield of rice straw reaches 1.20x10 every year8t. At present, the rice straw is only used as waste to be burned on site, which not only causes waste of natural resources, but also greatly pollutes the living environment of people. The data show that the resource consumption of the cement and cement-based material industry in China in 2010 reaches 154.41x108t. 295.4-445.6 kg of carbon dioxide is discharged per 1t of cement (PI525, PO425 and PS325) produced. Therefore, the development of the natural plant fiber brick not only can fully utilize the huge natural plant fibers to be utilized in China, but also protects the ecological environment which we rely on for survival.
At present, the straw has been applied to the aspect of wall materials to a certain extent, houses built for structural walls or non-structural walls by straw blocks simply pressed by mechanical pressure originate from the early 20 th century of the United states of Nebraska, and are popularized and applied by many countries so far, and the houses have the advantages of heat preservation, energy conservation, low manufacturing cost, ecological environment protection, sound insulation, good earthquake resistance, energy conservation, high efficiency, organic indoor environment and the like, wherein the heat insulation and heat preservation performance is most outstanding, and the straw is developed into the light high-strength wall material by combining the background of the development of green energy-saving materials in the building industry of China, so that the houses have great practical significance and social and economic benefits for realizing the sustainable development strategy of China.
In the existing concrete brick preparation process, a large amount of broken stones and sand are needed, so that a large amount of natural resource minerals need to be mined, and the natural resource ground is continuously mined in a large amount, so that the ecology is damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a straw stalk fiber concrete brick and a preparation process thereof, aiming at solving the problem that natural resources are damaged due to the need of using a large amount of broken stones and sand in the existing concrete brick preparation process.
The embodiment of the invention is realized in such a way that the straw fiber concrete brick comprises: straw stalk, cement, coarse aggregate and fine aggregate.
Further, the density of the rice straw is 0.6kg/m3The density of the cement is 1.286kg/m3。
Furthermore, the coarse aggregate is broken stone, and the fine aggregate is river sand.
Furthermore, the particle size of the crushed stone is 16mm-38 mm.
Furthermore, the mass of the straw stalks is 20% of that of the cement, and the cement is composite portland cement.
Another object of an embodiment of the present invention is to provide a process for preparing a straw stalk fiber concrete brick, which comprises:
obtaining dry straws, filtering the dry straws, cutting the filtered dry straws, and soaking the cut dry straws;
filtering the soaked dry straws to obtain straw stalk fibers;
stirring and mixing the straw stalk fibers with cement, coarse aggregate and fine aggregate to obtain a mixture, and putting the mixture into a mold to obtain a green brick;
and standing the green brick, then demolding, putting into a standard concrete curing box, and curing to obtain the straw stalk fiber concrete brick.
Further, the step of soaking the cut dry straw comprises:
the dry straw was soaked in tap water until the water content of the dry straw was 462%, and the dry straw was taken out.
Furthermore, the mass of the straw stalks is 20% of that of the cement, and the cement is composite portland cement.
Furthermore, the coarse aggregate is broken stone, and the fine aggregate is river sand.
The straw stalk fiber concrete brick prepared by the embodiment of the invention has light weight, good heat insulation performance, high compressive strength and high flexural strength, can solve the problem of utilization of the straw stalk which is the current agricultural waste, and can replace part of building materials so as to reduce the environmental problem and the adverse effect of energy consumption caused by mining and processing various building material resources.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a process for preparing a straw stalk fiber concrete brick according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a process for preparing a straw stalk fiber concrete brick according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In order to explain the technical means of the present invention, the following description will be given by way of specific examples.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, a flow chart of a manufacturing process of a straw stalk fiber concrete brick provided by a first embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of:
step S10, obtaining dry straws, filtering the dry straws, cutting the filtered dry straws, and soaking the cut dry straws;
the dry straw is dried, stones in the dry straw can be effectively removed through the design of filtering the dry straw, so that the influence on the subsequent preparation process is prevented, and preferably, the dry straw can be cut by a cutting machine in the step, so that the dry straw is cut into small sections of straw about 20mm, and the dry straw is effectively and conveniently soaked;
step S20, filtering the soaked dry straws to obtain straw stalk fibers;
the influence of impurities in the dry straws on the straw stalk fibers is effectively reduced by the design of filtering the dry straws;
step S30, stirring and mixing the straw stalk fibers with cement, coarse aggregate and fine aggregate to obtain a mixture, and putting the mixture into a mold to obtain a green brick;
the mixture consisting of the straw stalk fibers, the cement, the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate can be stirred by adopting a stirrer, so that the stirring efficiency and the preparation efficiency of bricks are improved; preferably, the size and shape of the die in the step can be set according to the requirement of a user independently so as to meet the requirement of diversity of the user;
step S40, standing the green brick, then demoulding and putting the green brick into a standard concrete curing box for curing to obtain a straw stalk fiber concrete brick;
in the embodiment, the straw stalk fiber concrete brick is made of straw stalks, cement, coarse aggregate and fine aggregate, is light in weight, good in heat preservation and heat insulation performance, high in compressive strength and breaking strength, and capable of solving the utilization problem of the straw stalks which are the current agricultural wastes, and replacing part of building materials, so that the environmental problems and the adverse effects of energy consumption caused by mining and processing various building material resources are reduced.
Example two
Referring to fig. 2, a flow chart of a manufacturing process of a straw stalk fiber concrete brick provided by a second embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of:
step S11, obtaining dry straws, filtering the dry straws, and cutting the filtered dry straws;
the dry straw is dried, stones in the dry straw can be effectively removed through the design of filtering the dry straw, so that the influence on the subsequent preparation process is prevented, and preferably, the dry straw can be cut by a cutting machine in the step, so that the dry straw is cut into small sections of straw about 20 mm;
step S21, placing the cut dry straws in tap water for soaking until the water content of the dry straws is 462%, and taking out the dry straws;
wherein, the mass of the soaked dry straws is not increased by 5.62 times in a dripping state, namely the water content is 462 percent;
step S31, filtering the soaked dry straws to obtain straw stalk fibers;
step S41, stirring and mixing the straw stalk fibers with cement, coarse aggregate and fine aggregate to obtain a mixture, and putting the mixture into a mold to obtain a green brick;
the mixture consisting of the straw stalk fibers, the cement, the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate can be stirred by adopting a stirrer, so that the stirring efficiency and the preparation efficiency of bricks are improved; preferably, the size and shape of the die in the step can be set according to the requirement of a user independently so as to meet the requirement of diversity of the user;
specifically, in this embodiment, the mass of the straw stalk is 20% of the cement, the cement is composite portland cement, the coarse aggregate is crushed stone, the fine aggregate is river sand, and the density of the straw stalk is 0.6kg/m3The density of the cement is 1.286kg/m3The particle size of the crushed stone is 16mm-38 mm;
step S51, standing the green brick, then demoulding and putting the green brick into a standard concrete curing box for curing to obtain a straw stalk fiber concrete brick;
wherein the standing time is 24 hours, and the curing time in the concrete standard curing box is 28 days;
in the embodiment, 20 test pieces are prepared for each group according to the mixing ratio, and the brick blocks with the size of 255mm multiplied by 125mm multiplied by 70mm are used for performance test, wherein SCB-1 to SCB-5 and RSFCB-1 to RSFCB-5 with the mixing ratio of C30 are used for the compression test of two comparative bricks, and the other two groups, namely SCB-6 to SCB-10 and RSFCB-6 to RSFCB-10, are used for the fracture resistance test.
The size of a test piece for the heat insulation performance test is 300mm multiplied by 40mm, 3 test pieces are manufactured by matching each concrete brick, 6 test pieces for the heat insulation performance test are obtained in total, and after the test pieces are stood for 24 hours, the test pieces are demoulded and maintained for 28 days under standard maintenance conditions for testing.
Specifically, the test method adopted in this embodiment is as follows:
1. physical property calculation and recording
The two groups of concrete bricks were weighed by an electronic scale accurate to 0.1g, and then the densities of the two concrete bricks were calculated from the volumes calculated from the dimensions.
2. Mechanical property test
According to GB/T21144-2007 concrete brick, the test piece satisfies the specification of height more than or equal to 40mm and less than 90mm, so the method for preparing the test piece is adopted, the test piece stack block is to bond two blocks of cement paste by overlapping of leveling material cement paste, the cement paste is evenly coated on the large face of the brick, the thickness is guaranteed not to exceed 3mm, the edges of the two test pieces are aligned and overlapped, then a level meter and a right angle guiding rule are used for regulation and control, the wall surface of the test piece is kept to be at least two adjacent side surfaces flat, the operation needs maintenance for 1d, then the upper and lower bearing surfaces are leveled, and the two bearing surfaces are guaranteed to be parallel to each other by the guiding rule. And maintaining for 2d, and loading the compression test of the test piece at a loading speed of 0.1Mpa/s and the bending test of the test piece at a speed of 0.2Mpa/s by using a universal material automatic testing machine.
3. Test of thermal insulation
According to GB/T10295-2008 'Heat flow Meter method for determining steady-state thermal resistance and related characteristics of heat-insulating materials', a JTRG-III thermal conductivity tester in a laboratory is adopted to perform a thermal resistance test on a test piece, and the thermal conductivity of the test piece cured for 28d is measured.
4. Density of concrete brick
Table 1 shows the test data of the mass and density of two sets of bricks, and the density of the ordinary concrete brick (SCB) is 2351.73Kg/m3While the density of Rice Straw Fiber Concrete Brick (RSFCB) is only 1171.90Kg/m3The density of the RSFCB is 49.83 percent of that of the SCB, so the RSFCB has advantages over other brick building materials in the aspect of density, and hasThe light weight is advantageous, such as the dead weight of the building can be greatly reduced in practical use.
TABLE 1 concrete brick Mass and Density
Tab1.Quality and density of solid brick
5. Large-area compression resistance of concrete brick
The large-face compression fracture resistance forms of the concrete bricks are compared: a large number of vertical and oblique cracks appear on the SCB side, and a large number of concrete blocks separated on the side slip off. The compression test of RSFCB shows that the side surface is gradually bulged, the number of cracks is less than that of SCB, the separated concrete block does not fall off due to the tensile strength of the straw stalk fiber, and the test piece still has good integrity after the test is finished, which shows that the development of cracks can be effectively controlled by adding the straw stalk fiber, and the defects in the block are improved.
Table 2 shows the test values of the compressive strength of the large face of the concrete brick, the mean value of the compressive strength of the RSFCB is lower than that of the SCB, because the RSFCB contains more straws, gaps are inevitably formed between cement and straw stalk fibers and among the straw stalk fibers, in addition, the straw stalk fibers are natural plant fibers, a smooth wax layer is attached to the surface, and the smooth wax layer prevents the straw stalk fibers from being better bonded with the cement, so that the strength of the RSFCB is reduced. According to the standard requirements of GB/T21144-2007 concrete brick, the large-area average compressive strength of the RSFCB is 10.4Mpa, the discreteness is small, the RSFCB can be considered to meet the requirements of non-bearing wall bricks, and the RSFCB can be used as a non-bearing material to be applied to non-bearing walls of buildings; the average value of the compression strength of the SCB is 30.3MPa, and the compression strength of the single blocks is more than 26MPa, so the strength grade of the SCB is MU 30.
TABLE 2 compression strength of concrete brick
Tab2.Compressive strength of solid bricks on the largest face
6. Large-area compression resistance of concrete brick
The broken surface of RSFCB is uneven, and the broken surface of RSFCB is very few one or two straws pulled out, and most straws are broken, so that the bonding between straw stalk fiber and cement stone is good. The section of SCB is mostly the section of broken stone coarse aggregate or the pull-off interface, and the rest is the mortar section. Table 3 shows the flexural strength test values of the concrete bricks, and the results show that the average flexural strength of RSFCB is 3.1MPa, the average flexural strength of SCB is 4.2MPa, and the difference of the flexural strength is small compared with the compressive strength ratio of the two, so that the straw stalk fiber has the advantage of great tensile strength in the flexural process, because the straw stalk fiber has strong tensile strength, but has good bonding effect with the set cement. The straw fiber in the RSFCB plays a tensile role in the whole anti-fracture process without cracks and after cracks appear, and resists the breakage of the RSFCB.
TABLE 3 flexural strength of concrete brick
Tab3.Flexural strength of solid bricks
7. Testing of thermal insulation
Table 4 shows the heat conductivity coefficient test values of two groups of concrete bricks, the average value of the heat conductivity coefficient of the tested RSFCB is 0.73W/(m.K), the average value of the heat conductivity coefficient of the tested GCB is 1.67W/(m.K), and the heat conductivity coefficient of the RSFCB is found to be smaller than that of the SCB, which is mainly because the heat conductivity of the straw fiber in the RSFCB is weaker than that of the concrete, and the straw fiber in the RSFCB also brings little air, and the heat conductivity coefficient of the air (the heat conductivity coefficient of the air at 0 ℃ is 0.24W/(m.K)) is very low, so the RSFCB has good heat insulation performance.
TABLE 4 thermal conductivity of concrete bricks
Tab4.Thermal conductivity of solid bricks
The straw stalk fiber concrete brick prepared by the embodiment has certain compressive strength and flexural strength, can be used as a non-bearing wall, has light weight, heat preservation and heat insulation performance which cannot be achieved by common concrete bricks (SCB), can solve the utilization problem of straw stalks which are the current agricultural wastes in practice, can replace part of building materials, reduces the environmental problems and the adverse effects of energy consumption caused by the exploitation and processing of various building material resources, obtains favorable comprehensive benefits, and has great practical significance and social and economic benefits for realizing sustainable development strategy.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A straw fiber concrete brick is characterized by comprising: straw stalk, cement, coarse aggregate and fine aggregate.
2. The rice straw fiber concrete brick of claim 1, wherein the density of the rice straw is 0.6kg/m3The density of the cement is 1.286kg/m3。
3. The straw stalk fiber concrete brick as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coarse aggregate is crushed stone and the fine aggregate is river sand.
4. The straw stalk fiber concrete block of claim 3, wherein the crushed stone has a particle size of 16mm to 38 mm.
5. The rice straw fiber concrete brick as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass of the rice straw is 20% of the cement, and the cement is composite portland cement.
6. The preparation process of the straw stalk fiber concrete brick is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining dry straws, filtering the dry straws, cutting the filtered dry straws, and soaking the cut dry straws;
filtering the soaked dry straws to obtain straw stalk fibers;
stirring and mixing the straw stalk fibers with cement, coarse aggregate and fine aggregate to obtain a mixture, and putting the mixture into a mold to obtain a green brick;
and standing the green brick, then demolding, putting into a standard concrete curing box, and curing to obtain the straw stalk fiber concrete brick.
7. The process for preparing a straw stalk fiber concrete brick as claimed in claim 6, wherein the step of soaking the cut dry straw comprises:
the dry straw was soaked in tap water until the water content of the dry straw was 462%, and the dry straw was taken out.
8. The process for preparing a straw stalk fiber concrete brick as claimed in claim 6, wherein the mass of the straw stalk is 20% of the cement, and the cement is composite portland cement.
9. The process for preparing a straw stalk fiber concrete brick as claimed in claim 6, wherein the coarse aggregate is broken stone and the fine aggregate is river sand.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113898115A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-01-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Straw concrete light steel keel self-insulation wallboard and construction method thereof |
| CN114571600A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-06-03 | 闻增有 | Concrete production and manufacturing process |
| CN115745520A (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2023-03-07 | 南京工业大学 | Method for preparing fly ash insulating brick by using puffed rice straw fiber |
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| CN105601185A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-05-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Plant fiber recycled concrete block and preparation method thereof |
| US20160222292A1 (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2016-08-04 | Acm Technologies Inc. | Method of soil stabilization using fibers |
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2019
- 2019-10-29 CN CN201911038452.8A patent/CN110668756A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20160222292A1 (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2016-08-04 | Acm Technologies Inc. | Method of soil stabilization using fibers |
| CN105601185A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-05-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Plant fiber recycled concrete block and preparation method thereof |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113898115A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-01-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Straw concrete light steel keel self-insulation wallboard and construction method thereof |
| CN114571600A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-06-03 | 闻增有 | Concrete production and manufacturing process |
| CN115745520A (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2023-03-07 | 南京工业大学 | Method for preparing fly ash insulating brick by using puffed rice straw fiber |
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Application publication date: 20200110 |