CN102229487A - Baking-free insulating brick and production method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a baking-free insulating brick and a production method thereof. The baking-free insulating brick provided by the invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 490-590 parts of fragment, 260-320 parts of portland cement, 20-60 parts of dried sludge, 4-5 parts of lime, 1.8-30 parts of expanded perlite, 2-5 parts of straw, 3-5 parts of nut shell, 2.1-1.9 parts of animal wool fiber and 107-130 parts of water. The baking-free insulating brick provided by the invention is prepared by the following production steps: firstly, dewatering and drying sludge; adding lime to the dry sludge to be uniformly mixed; piling; stirring; deodorizing and sterilizing; simultaneously grinding straw, nut shell and animal wool fiber into microparticles; sequentially adding all the raw materials to a stirrer to be uniformly mixed; and finally, carrying out extrusion molding and maintenance on the mixture to obtain a finished baking-free insulating brick. The baking-free insulating brick produced by the invention has good heat insulation property and compressive strength and strong freezing resistance and crack resistance, and the radiation quantity of the baking-free insulating brick is far lower than industrial specified standards.

Description

A kind of baking-free heat preservation brick and production method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to the brick or the building block of buildings, especially relate to the insulating brick or the insulation blocks of buildings.

Background technology

The insulation measure of construction wall commonly used at present, generally be to smear certain thickness thermal insulation mortar or plug-in warming plate at the ordinary masonry exterior wall, but the construction of this way is loaded down with trivial details, long construction period, cost height, and metope is easy to crack, seepage, has a strong impact on the heat insulation effect of buildings.At this situation, directly the brick of cold-proof heat insulation and building block are developed.Early stage good heat insulation effect brick and building block are mostly made by high temperature sintering.Produce this sintered type insulating brick and building block and need consume a large amount of energy, and contaminate environment, therefore can be substituted by unburned shaped brick and building block gradually.

In recent years, the research of burning free type insulating brick and building block was unfolded just gradually, but ripe and practical at present baking-free heat preservation brick technology does not occur as yet.In application number is 200710072525.6 patent documentation, a kind of " novel cold-proof baking-free heat preservation brick " disclosed, it is to be raw material with cement, middle sand, plant rice husk, water.Though the plant rice husk has heat retaining property preferably, but in this patent, the content of plant rice husk is up to 50%, cellulosic fiber core is a hollow tubular structure, also have a large amount of emptying apertures in the cell walls, according to capillary effect, these paths and hole can absorb large quantity of moisture and be transported to each position of brick body, the easier freeze/thaw that is subjected to of brick body is endangered, and make brick body size instability; In addition, this water-absorbent and moisture conductivity can make soluble chemical substance at brick body inside and surface deposition, thereby cause the brick body to be corroded and weathering, and too high vegetable fibre content makes this brick be restricted in actual applications.

In application number is 200910002407.7 patent documentation; a kind of " light thermal-insulation partition block (brick) " disclosed; it is to be heat-insulation base material with polyphenyl foam particle, waste and old polyphenyl foam particle or pearlstone; with cement is binding agent; with sand or flyash is aggregate; be prepared into concrete, cut into the building block of required size again.The document is not described in detail the proportioning of each component, and the quality examination data of brick are not provided yet, because polyphenyl foam particle resistivity against fire is poor, the combustion gases poisonous and harmful bans use of in some cities at present.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is directed to the not strong shortcoming of above-mentioned baking-free heat preservation brick practicality; provide a kind of duplication of production on a large scale, quality index to satisfy the baking-free heat preservation brick of user demand fully; and its main raw is environmental wastes such as mud, chip, the superior effect of have save energy, utilize waste, protecting farmland, optimizing the environment.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

Starting material and the weight part ratio thereof of producing the baking-free heat preservation brick are: 490 ~ 590 parts of chips, 260 ~ 320 parts of silicate cements, 20 ~ 60 parts in mummification mud, 4 ~ 5 parts in lime, 1.8 ~ 30 parts of pearlstones, 2 ~ 5 parts of stalks, 3 ~ 5 parts of nutshells, 2.1 ~ 1.9 parts of animal fibers, 107 ~ 130 parts in water; Wherein chip is yellow sand, rice sand or small particle size stone.

In above-mentioned raw materials, chip and mud are as aggregate, and silicate cement and lime are as agglutinate, and pearlstone is as lagging material, and stalk, nutshell and animal fiber are as anticracking material and insulation auxiliary material, and water is as thinner.

The production stage of baking-free heat preservation brick is:

(1) use the sludge dewatering machine with the sludge dewatering mummification;

(2) stirring in the lime input exsiccant mud, the calcium hydroxide composition of lime is simultaneously to the mud sterilization and disinfection;

(3) mixture of mud and lime is deposited on the vacant lot of spacious canopy and hung 2 ~ 3 days, stir every day once, carry out the nature deodorizing;

(4) with pulverizer stalk, nutshell and animal fiber are ground into the microparticle that particle diameter is 3 ~ 5mm simultaneously;

(5) all raw material is dropped into stirrer successively, stir into uniform mixture;

(6) by material conveyor the mixture of step (5) is sent in the forming mould of brick press, be processed into the brick body by vibration and pressurization, its moulding pressure is 2.5 ~ 4MPa;

(7) brick carried out vapor cure 13 ~ 15 hours after body formed, and curing temperature is 85 ~ 95 ℃, perhaps carries out natural curing 7 days, curing temperature is 0 ~ 15 ℃, make the intensity of brick rise to 70% of design strength, put into finished product then and stack the field, promptly obtain finished product behind the natural air drying.

Technique effect of the present invention is:

1, added lime in the raw material of product of the present invention, lime can strengthen the anti-permeability performance of brick body, and the water tolerance of brick body is improved, and improves the ultimate compression strength of brick body.In addition, the main component of lime is Ca (OH) ₂, have strong basicity, the protein of bacteria composition is lost activity, mud is carried out disinfection.

2, added stalk, nutshell and animal fiber in the raw material of product of the present invention, the animal and plant fiber is elongate, and being distributed in the brick body can bridge joint brick body microparticle, makes the brick body have good antidetonation resistance to cleavage; Secondly, because the hollow structure of animal and plant fiber can completely cut off heat transfer, make heat insulation effect of the present invention obtain large increase as the insulation auxiliary material; The 3rd, the animal and plant fiber quality is light, has alleviated the deadweight of product of the present invention.

3, added nutshell in the raw material of the present invention, the hardness of nutshell is very big, can improve the ultimate compression strength of brick body.

4, in the raw material of the present invention be the insulation major ingredient with the pearlstone, good heat preservation performance is from heavy and light.

5, be aggregate with chip and mud in the raw material of the present invention, chip and mud are rubbish and waste, use in a large number chip and mud not only can efficent use of resources, turn waste into wealth, can also reduce production costs.

6, the present invention is by proper raw material proportioning, and resulting baking-free heat preservation brick cost is low, quality is high, practical.At first the cohesiveness of chip and mud is relatively poor, therefore adds suitable silicate cement and lime as binding agent, makes it can meet the requirements of ultimate compression strength and water tolerance; Secondly, the cost of pearlstone is higher, thereby adds cheap stalk, nutshell and animal fiber, has not only guaranteed heat retaining property, and has further improved ultimate compression strength, shock resistance, and alleviated the deadweight of brick body.This baking-free heat preservation brick has reached the fire protection requirement of national A level, can be widely used in the thermal insulation wall surface of buildings.

Specific implementation method

The inventive method is implemented according to following steps:

(1) use the sludge dewatering machine with the sludge dewatering mummification;

(2) stirring in the lime input exsiccant mud, the calcium hydroxide composition of lime is simultaneously to the mud sterilization and disinfection;

(3) mixture of mud and lime is deposited on the vacant lot of spacious canopy and hung 3 days, stir every day once, carry out the nature deodorizing;

(4) with pulverizer stalk, nutshell and animal fiber are ground into the microparticle that particle diameter is 3 ~ 5mm simultaneously;

(5) all raw material is dropped into stirrer successively, stir into uniform mixture;

(6) by material conveyor the mixture of step (5) is sent in the forming mould of brick press, be processed into the brick body by vibration and pressurization, its moulding pressure is 3MPa;

(7) brick carried out vapor cure 14 hours after body formed, and curing temperature is 90 ℃, makes the intensity of brick rise to 70% of design strength, put into finished product then and stacked, promptly obtained finished product behind the natural air drying.

The raw material weight umber of product embodiments 1 to embodiment 3 of the present invention sees Table 1, and unit is kg/m ³Wherein cement is No. 52.5 silicate cements, also can be with the cement of other labels.Chip is yellow sand, rice sand or small particle size stone, and mud is mud in Taihu Lake and the river course thereof, and animal fiber is tankage of producing wool felt.Wherein MU5.0, MU7.5, MU10 represent: the compressive strength standard mean value of brick or building block is respectively 5.0MPa, 7.5MPa, 10Mpa.

Table 1

The test result contrast of the baking-free heat preservation brick of the present invention of same specification and the hollow common brick of haydite concrete of the commercially available body and function of building a wall sees the following form 2, detect according to being national standard: " lightweight small size hollow concrete blocks " (GB/T15229-2002), wherein ultimate compression strength adopts the TYE-200A pressure testing machine to detect; Thermal resistance adopts the thermo-resistance measurement instrument that detects construction wall and glasswork heat-insulating property to detect.

Table 2

As can be seen from Table 2, the baking-free heat preservation brick of the present invention of same specification is compared with the hollow common brick of haydite concrete of the commercially available body and function of building a wall, and its ultimate compression strength and thermal resistance are improved significantly.

Table 3 is every quality index detected result of embodiment 1 resulting baking-free heat preservation brick, and its building block specification is MU5.0, and wherein examination criteria and technical requirements are according to national standard: " lightweight small size hollow concrete blocks " (GB/T15229-2002).

Table 3

As can be seen from Table 3, the detected result of every quality index of this baking-free heat preservation brick all meets technical requirements, and wherein apparent size, water-intake rate, frost resistance and radioactivity are much better than the desired index of standard.This baking-free heat preservation brick has reached the fire protection requirement of national A level, can be widely used in the thermal insulation wall surface of buildings.

Claims (2)

1. baking-free heat preservation brick, with starting material mixing stirring, extrusion molding, maintenance, obtain finished product, it is characterized in that: described raw-material weight part ratio is: 490 ~ 590 parts of chips, 260 ~ 320 parts of silicate cements, 20 ~ 60 parts in mummification mud, 4 ~ 5 parts in lime, 1.8 ~ 30 parts of pearlstones, 2 ~ 5 parts of stalks, 3 ~ 5 parts of nutshells, 2.1 ~ 1.9 parts of animal fibers, 107 ~ 130 parts in water; Wherein chip is yellow sand, rice sand or small particle size stone.

2. the production method of a baking-free heat preservation brick according to claim 1 is characterized in that its concrete production stage is:

(1) use the sludge dewatering machine with the sludge dewatering mummification;

(2) stirring in the lime input exsiccant mud, the calcium hydroxide composition of lime is simultaneously to the mud sterilization and disinfection;

(3) mixture of mud and lime is deposited on the vacant lot of spacious canopy and hung 2 ~ 3 days, stir every day once, carry out the nature deodorizing;

(4) with pulverizer stalk, nutshell and animal fiber are ground into the microparticle that particle diameter is 3 ~ 5mm simultaneously;

(5) all raw material is dropped into stirrer successively, stir into uniform mixture;

(6) by material conveyor the mixture of step (5) is sent in the forming mould of brick press, be processed into the brick body by vibration and pressurization, its moulding pressure is 2.5 ~ 4MPa;

(7) brick carried out vapor cure 13 ~ 15 hours after body formed, and curing temperature is 85 ~ 95 ℃, perhaps carries out natural curing 7 days, curing temperature is 0 ~ 15 ℃, make the intensity of brick rise to 70% of design strength, put into finished product then and stack the field, promptly obtain finished product behind the natural air drying.