CN111892346A - Environment-friendly modified straw fiber regenerated fine aggregate cement-based composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Environment-friendly modified straw fiber regenerated fine aggregate cement-based composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111892346A CN111892346A CN202010340124.XA CN202010340124A CN111892346A CN 111892346 A CN111892346 A CN 111892346A CN 202010340124 A CN202010340124 A CN 202010340124A CN 111892346 A CN111892346 A CN 111892346A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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Abstract
The invention provides an environment-friendly modified straw fiber recycled fine aggregate cement-based composite material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the composite material comprises water, cement, modified straw fiber and fine aggregate, the mass ratio of the water to the cement to the fine aggregate is 1:1:5, the modified straw fiber is calculated by taking the using amount of the cement as a reference, and the modified straw fiber accounts for 0.2-1% of the mass of the cement; the fine aggregate consists of recycled fine aggregate and river sand, the recycled fine aggregate accounts for 25-75% of the weight of the fine aggregate, and the balance is the river sand. The composite material has the advantages of better compressive strength, frost resistance, bending strength and crack resistance, and the application range of the composite material is greatly increased; the preparation method is simple, saves the production cost and ensures the stability of the product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to an environment-friendly modified straw fiber regenerated fine aggregate cement-based composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The straw and the construction waste are main waste resources in China, and most of the straw and the construction waste are not reasonably recycled. The plant straw and the construction waste are prepared into the recycled fine aggregate which is mixed into the cement-based composite material, so that the waste resources can be effectively utilized, the environment is protected, and the working performance and the mechanical performance of the composite material can be improved. However, the straw and the construction waste have high water absorption and low strength, so that the mechanical property and durability of the composite material are reduced, and the defects limit the application of the straw and the construction waste in the construction material.
The cement-based composite material has the characteristics of high compressive strength and low bending strength, and the fiber modified cement-based composite material can obviously improve the characteristic of low bending strength. A large number of researches show that the vegetable fiber reinforced cement-based composite material can not only improve the bending strength, but also inhibit the occurrence of micro-cracks and improve the shock resistance of the cement-based composite material.
The mechanical property and durability of the material can be reduced after the straw stalks are made into the straw fibers and mixed with the recycled fine aggregate cement-based composite material, and the concrete reasons are as follows: carbohydrate cement contained in the straw fiber has the function of retarding or inhibiting coagulation; the smooth surface of the straw fiber causes the interface bonding between the fiber and the cement matrix to be poor; the water absorption of the straw fiber is too large. Therefore, the natural straw fiber needs to be modified and some auxiliary materials are added to improve the working performance of the cement base. For example, a preparation method of a high polymer modified plant fiber cement-based composite material (2007101443488), a straw cellulose fiber/cement-based composite material and a preparation method thereof (2015100753053), and an acid and alkali resistant plant fiber cement composite ribbon board and a preparation method thereof (2015104487707). According to the technical scheme, the straw fiber or other plant fibers are modified by chemical, physical and biological means, so that the straw fiber reinforced cement-based composite material has the characteristics of excellent bending strength, crack resistance and acid and alkali resistance. However, the composite material does not show the improvement of compressive strength and frost resistance, and the modification of straw fibers and the preparation process of the composite material are complex. Therefore, how to make the straw fiber exert the greatest advantage in the recycled fine aggregate cement-based composite material is a problem to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-compression-resistance and anti-freezing-performance straw fiber reinforced recycled fine aggregate cement-based composite material which has the advantages of better compression strength, anti-freezing performance, bending strength and anti-cracking performance, so that the application range of the composite material is greatly increased; the preparation method is simple, saves the production cost and ensures the stability of the product.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the environment-friendly modified straw fiber regenerated fine aggregate cement-based composite material comprises water, cement, modified straw fiber and fine aggregate, wherein the mass ratio of the water to the cement to the fine aggregate is 1:1:5, the modified straw fiber is calculated by taking the using amount of the cement as a reference, and the modified straw fiber accounts for 0.2-1% of the mass of the cement; the fine aggregate consists of recycled fine aggregate and river sand, the recycled fine aggregate accounts for 25-75% of the weight of the fine aggregate, and the balance is the river sand.
Preferably, the recycled fine aggregate accounts for 25% of the fine aggregate.
Preferably, the modified straw fiber accounts for 0.6 percent of the mass of the cement.
Preferably, the cement is P.O32.5 ordinary portland cement, and the strength grade is 32.5.
Preferably, the particle size of the river sand is within the range of 0.16-4.75 mm.
Preferably, the particle size of the recycled fine aggregate is controlled within the range of 1.18-4.75 mm, and the particle composition is as follows: 37.5% of 1.18-2.36 mm and 62.5% of 2.36-4.75 mm.
Preferably, the construction waste recycled fine aggregate is recycled brick fine aggregate, recycled concrete fine aggregate or recycled brick and recycled concrete mixed fine aggregate. The construction waste recycled fine aggregate is prepared by crushing construction waste materials for multiple times and removing impurities, fine aggregates with particle sizes below 1.18mm and high water absorption are screened out, and fine aggregates with grades of 1.18-4.75 mm are reserved.
Preferably, the modified straw fiber is obtained by preparing straw fiber from natural straw and then modifying the straw fiber, and the steps are as follows:
s1, crushing natural straw stalks, removing rice leaves, and screening out straw fibers with the length of 10-20 cm;
s2, putting the straw fibers into a NaOH solution, heating the NaOH solution to 90 ℃ and stirring for 60min, and drying the straw fibers for later use after the straw fibers are washed to be neutral, wherein the mass ratio of water to NaOH in the NaOH solution is 100: 4;
s3, crushing the dried straw fibers in a secondary mode, and screening out the modified straw fibers with the length of 10-20 mm.
The preparation method of the high-compression-resistance and anti-freezing-performance straw fiber reinforced recycled fine aggregate cement-based composite material provided by the invention comprises the following steps of:
s1, feeding and stirring: adding cement and 50% of water into a stirrer, stirring uniformly, adding river sand, construction waste recycled fine aggregate and modified straw fiber into the stirrer, stirring for 60s, adding the rest 50% of water into the stirrer, and stirring for 180 s;
s2, manufacturing a test piece: pouring the mixture with the capacity of 1/3 full of the mold, vibrating, pouring the mixture with the capacity of 1/3 mold, vibrating, pouring the mixture with the capacity of 1/3 mold, and vibrating and forming to obtain a test piece with a mold;
and S3, removing the die of the test piece after 24 hours, and then curing the test piece for 28 days under the standard curing condition, namely the temperature is 20 +/-2 ℃ and the relative humidity is more than 95%.
The beneficial effects are as follows:
the composite material provided by the invention has the advantages of better compressive strength, frost resistance, bending strength and crack resistance, under the premise of improving the performances, the addition amount of wastes such as construction waste recycled aggregate and straw stalks is large, local materials can be obtained, the treatment cost is low, the problem of generating a large amount of pollutants by burning the waste straws is solved, meanwhile, the construction wastes are fully utilized, the renewable requirement on construction resources is met, and the popularization and the application of the environment-friendly cement-based composite material are facilitated.
The composite material provided by the invention is simple in preparation method and low in production cost, the modified straw fiber is added, and the wax layer, the lignin and the hemicellulose on the surface of the natural straw fiber are removed by using a chemical method for pretreatment, so that the natural straw fiber forms a rough surface appearance and the water absorption of the fiber is reduced.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the environment-friendly modified straw fiber recycled fine aggregate cement-based composite material and the preparation method thereof;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for preparing modified straw fiber.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below with reference to specific examples.
As shown in figure 1, the invention provides an environment-friendly modified straw fiber regenerated fine aggregate cement-based composite material, which comprises water, cement, modified straw fiber and fine aggregate, wherein the mass ratio of the water to the cement to the fine aggregate is 1:1:5, the modified straw fiber is calculated by taking the amount of the cement as a reference, and the modified straw fiber accounts for 0.2-1% of the mass of the cement; the fine aggregate consists of recycled fine aggregate and river sand, the recycled fine aggregate accounts for 25-75% of the weight of the fine aggregate, and the balance is the river sand.
Examples 1 to 11
The environment-friendly modified straw fiber regenerated fine aggregate cement-based composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the cement is P.O32.5 ordinary portland cement, and the strength grade is 32.5.
And (3) water.
The river sand is high-quality river sand produced from Songhua river of Jilin city, has water content of 2%, water absorption of 10.8%, and natural bulk density of 1350kg/m3The particle size is within the range of 0.16-4.75 mm, and the particle composition is as follows: 9.53% for 2.36-4.75 mm, 7.58% for 1.25-2.36 mm, 15.49% for 0.63-1.25 mm, 53.08% for 0.315-0.63 mm,13.65% of the particles with the diameter of 0.16-0.315 mm, 0.68% of the particles with the diameter of less than 0.16mm, and the fineness modulus of 2.44.
The particle size of the recycled fine aggregate is controlled within the range of 1.18-4.75 mm, and the particle composition is as follows: 37.5% of 1.18-2.36 mm and 62.5% of 2.36-4.75 mm.
The construction waste recycled fine aggregate is recycled brick fine aggregate, recycled concrete fine aggregate or recycled brick and recycled concrete mixed fine aggregate, construction waste materials are crushed for multiple times, sundries (including metal, plastic, asphalt, wood and other substances which do not belong to concrete) are removed, fine aggregate with large water absorption rate and particle size below 1.18mm is screened, and construction waste recycled fine aggregate with grading of 1.18-4.75 mm is screened.
The straw stalk is produced from Shandong Jining, and the following two schemes are adopted to modify the straw fibre:
according to the first scheme, straw fibers are soaked in NaOH solution with the mass ratio of water to NaOH being 100:4 (preventing alkali aggregate reaction) for 12 hours, and the straw fibers are taken out, washed to be neutral and dried for later use.
And putting the straw fiber into a NaOH solution, heating the NaOH solution to 90 ℃ and stirring for 60min, cleaning to be neutral, and drying for later use, wherein the mass ratio of water to NaOH in the NaOH solution is 100: 4. The specific operation flow is shown in fig. 2.
Unmodified straw fibers, straw fibers treated in scheme one and scheme two are labeled as SF0, SF1 and SF2, respectively.
In the examples, the mass ratio of water, cement and fine aggregate is 1:1:5, and the mass ratio of water is 270kg/m3270kg/m cement3Fine aggregate 1350kg/m3The building waste recycled fine aggregate is the mixed fine aggregate of recycled bricks and recycled concrete, and the mixing proportion of the modified straw fiber recycled fine aggregate cement-based composite material is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
In the mixing proportion of the embodiment 1-4, the straw fiber is not added, and the mixing amount of the recycled fine aggregate is gradually increased:
in example 1, the mixing amount of the straw fiber is 0, and the mixing amount of the recycled fine aggregate is 0.
In example 2, the straw fiber content was 0, and the recycled fine aggregate accounted for 25% of the fine aggregate mass.
In example 3, the straw fiber content was 0, and the recycled fine aggregate accounted for 50% of the fine aggregate mass.
In example 4, the straw fiber content was 0, and the recycled fine aggregate accounted for 75% of the fine aggregate mass.
In the mixing proportion of the embodiments 5-9, the straw fiber is not modified and the mixing amount is gradually increased, and the recycled fine aggregate accounts for 25% of the mass of the fine aggregate.
In example 5, the straw fiber content was 0.2% by mass of the cement and was not modified, and the recycled fine aggregate accounted for 25% by mass of the fine aggregate.
In example 6, the straw fiber content was 0.4% by mass of the cement and was not modified, and the recycled fine aggregate accounted for 25% by mass of the fine aggregate.
In example 7, the straw fiber content was 0.6% by mass of the cement and was not modified, and the recycled fine aggregate accounted for 25% by mass of the fine aggregate.
In example 8, the straw fiber content was 0.8% by mass of the cement and was not modified, and the recycled fine aggregate accounted for 25% by mass of the fine aggregate.
In example 9, the straw fiber content was 1% by mass of the cement and was not modified, and the recycled fine aggregate accounted for 25% by mass of the fine aggregate.
In the mixing proportion of the embodiment 10-11, the mixing amount of the straw fiber and the recycled fine aggregate is unchanged, and the straw fiber is respectively subjected to modification treatment by a scheme I and a scheme II:
in example 10, the amount of straw fiber added was 0.6% of the mass of cement, and the straw fiber was subjected to modification treatment in the first scheme.
In example 11, the mixing amount of the straw fiber is 0.6% of the mass of the cement, and the straw fiber is modified by the second scheme.
The straw fiber reinforced recycled fine aggregate cement-based composite material with high compression resistance and freeze resistance is prepared according to the mixing proportion in the above examples 1-11, and comprises the following steps:
s1, feeding and stirring: adding cement and 50% of water into a stirrer, stirring uniformly, adding river sand, construction waste recycled fine aggregate and modified straw fiber into the stirrer, stirring for 60s, adding the rest 50% of water into the stirrer, and stirring for 180 s.
S2, manufacturing a test piece: pouring the mixture with the capacity of 1/3 full of the mold, vibrating, pouring the mixture with the capacity of 1/3 mold, vibrating, pouring the mixture with the capacity of 1/3 mold, and vibrating and forming to obtain the test piece with the mold.
And S3, removing the die of the test piece after 24 hours, and then curing the test piece for 28 days under the standard curing condition, namely the temperature is 20 +/-2 ℃ and the relative humidity is more than 95%.
The test results for the composites prepared in examples 1 to 11 are as follows:
and (3) after the test piece is maintained for 28 hours, taking out the test piece to perform bending resistance, compression resistance mechanical property tests and frost resistance tests, and evaluating the mechanical property and the frost resistance of the modified straw fiber regenerated fine aggregate cement-based composite material by measuring the bending strength, the compression strength, the strength loss rate and the quality loss rate under the freeze-thaw tests.
Firstly, bending strength and compressive strength tests: the flexural strength, compressive strength and flexural ratio of the composite materials at each compounding ratio are given in Table 2.
TABLE 2
| Numbering | Bending strength (MPa) | Compressive strength (MPa) | Folding ratio |
| Example 1 | 3.12 | 14.59 | 0.21 |
| Example 2 | 2.96 | 13.75 | 0.22 |
| Example 3 | 2.57 | 13.13 | 0.20 |
| Example 4 | 2.03 | 12.09 | 0.17 |
| Example 5 | 2.89 | 13.11 | 0.22 |
| Example 6 | 3.07 | 12.17 | 0.25 |
| Example 7 | 3.12 | 12.01 | 0.26 |
| Example 8 | 3.22 | 11.72 | 0.27 |
| Example 9 | 3.11 | 11.38 | 0.27 |
| Example 10 | 3.33 | 14.4 | 0.23 |
| Example 11 | 3.62 | 15.76 | 0.23 |
As can be seen from the examples 1-4, when the straw fiber is not doped, the compressive strength, the bending strength and the bending ratio of the composite material are reduced along with the increase of the doping amount of the recycled fine aggregate; from the examples 5-9, it can be seen that when the mixing amount of the recycled fine aggregate is unchanged, the bending strength of the composite material is increased and the compressive strength is reduced along with the increase of the mixing amount of the straw fiber, and the compression ratio is increased, which shows that the mixing amount of the straw fiber can improve the bending strength, the toughness and the crack resistance of the recycled fine aggregate cement-based composite material; it can be seen from examples 7 and 9-10 that the mixing amount of the straw fiber is unchanged, the bending strength and the compressive strength of the straw fiber reinforced recycled fine aggregate cement-based composite material can be improved by modifying the straw fiber, and the straw fiber modified by the scheme two has a better reinforcing effect than the straw fiber modified recycled fine aggregate cement-based composite material by the scheme one.
Secondly, freezing resistance test: the frost resistance index of the invention is detected according to the basic performance test method standard of building mortar (JGJ/T70-209). The anti-freezing performance index of the composite material under each mixing ratio is shown in table 3;
TABLE 3
As can be seen from Table 3, in examples 1-9, the frost resistance of the composite material is reduced with the increase of the mixing amount of the recycled fine aggregate and the straw fiber; in examples 10 to 11, the straw fiber can significantly improve the freezing resistance after being modified, thereby reducing the loss of strength and quality of the straw fiber cement-based composite material under freeze-thaw cycles and improving the freezing resistance of the composite material.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and that several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An environment-friendly modified straw fiber regenerated fine aggregate cement-based composite material is characterized in that: the composite material comprises water, cement, modified straw fiber and fine aggregate, wherein the mass ratio of the water to the cement to the fine aggregate is 1:1:5, the modified straw fiber is calculated by taking the using amount of the cement as a reference, and the modified straw fiber accounts for 0.2-1% of the mass of the cement; the fine aggregate consists of recycled fine aggregate and river sand, the recycled fine aggregate accounts for 25-75% of the weight of the fine aggregate, and the balance is the river sand.
2. An environment-friendly modified straw fiber regenerated fine aggregate cement-based composite material is characterized in that: the recycled fine aggregate accounts for 25 percent of the fine aggregate.
3. An environment-friendly modified straw fiber regenerated fine aggregate cement-based composite material is characterized in that: the modified straw fiber accounts for 0.6 percent of the mass of the cement.
4. An environment-friendly modified straw fiber regenerated fine aggregate cement-based composite material is characterized in that: the cement is P.O32.5 ordinary portland cement, and the strength grade is 32.5.
5. An environment-friendly modified straw fiber regenerated fine aggregate cement-based composite material is characterized in that: the river sand particle size is within the range of 0.16-4.75 mm.
6. An environment-friendly modified straw fiber regenerated fine aggregate cement-based composite material is characterized in that: the particle size of the recycled fine aggregate is controlled within the range of 1.18-4.75 mm, and the particle composition is as follows: 37.5% of 1.18-2.36 mm and 62.5% of 2.36-4.75 mm.
7. An environment-friendly modified straw fiber regenerated fine aggregate cement-based composite material is characterized in that: the construction waste recycled fine aggregate is recycled brick fine aggregate, recycled concrete fine aggregate or recycled brick and recycled concrete mixed fine aggregate. The construction waste recycled fine aggregate is prepared by crushing construction waste materials for multiple times and removing impurities, fine aggregates with particle sizes below 1.18mm and high water absorption are screened out, and fine aggregates with grades of 1.18-4.75 mm are reserved.
8. An environment-friendly modified straw fiber regenerated fine aggregate cement-based composite material is characterized in that: the modified straw fiber is obtained by preparing natural straw into straw fiber and then modifying the straw fiber, and comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing natural straw stalks, removing rice leaves, and screening out straw fibers with the length of 10-20 cm;
s2, putting the straw fibers into a NaOH solution, heating the NaOH solution to 90 ℃ and stirring for 60min, and drying the straw fibers for later use after the straw fibers are washed to be neutral, wherein the mass ratio of water to NaOH in the NaOH solution is 100: 4;
s3, crushing the dried straw fibers in a secondary mode, and screening out the modified straw fibers with the length of 10-20 mm.
9. The preparation method of the environment-friendly modified straw fiber recycled fine aggregate cement-based composite material as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, feeding and stirring: adding cement and 50% of water into a stirrer, stirring uniformly, adding river sand, construction waste recycled fine aggregate and modified straw fiber into the stirrer, stirring for 60s, and adding the remaining 50% of water into the stirrer, and stirring for 180 s;
s2, manufacturing a test piece: pouring the mixture with the capacity of 1/3 full of the mold, vibrating, pouring the mixture with the capacity of 1/3 mold, vibrating, pouring the mixture with the capacity of 1/3 mold, and vibrating and forming to obtain a test piece with a mold;
s3, maintenance: after 24 hours, the test piece is demoulded, and then the test piece is cured for 28 days under the standard curing condition, namely the temperature is 20 +/-2 ℃ and the relative humidity is more than 95%.
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| CN113603432A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-11-05 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | Production method of cotton straw concrete |
| CN113800877A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2021-12-17 | 上海缘滔新材料有限公司 | Preparation method of concrete road brick |
| CN114380559A (en) * | 2022-02-08 | 2022-04-22 | 西安市政道桥建设集团有限公司 | Concrete containing construction waste and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113603432A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-11-05 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | Production method of cotton straw concrete |
| CN113800877A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2021-12-17 | 上海缘滔新材料有限公司 | Preparation method of concrete road brick |
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