CN110642653B - Urban kitchen waste anaerobic fermentation biogas residue aerobic composting ventilation system - Google Patents
Urban kitchen waste anaerobic fermentation biogas residue aerobic composting ventilation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110642653B CN110642653B CN201911135542.9A CN201911135542A CN110642653B CN 110642653 B CN110642653 B CN 110642653B CN 201911135542 A CN201911135542 A CN 201911135542A CN 110642653 B CN110642653 B CN 110642653B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/02—Apparatus for the manufacture
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
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Abstract
The invention discloses an aerobic compost ventilation system for anaerobic fermentation of biogas residues by municipal kitchen waste, which mainly comprises a fermentation tank and a pair of total air inlet pipes with the same structure, wherein the pair of total air inlet pipes are arranged on the fermentation tank, the aerobic compost ventilation system has the advantages of novel structure and convenient use, an air compression air inlet device is formed by the total air inlet pipes and an air supply mechanism on the aerobic compost ventilation system, air is introduced by an air compressor and is subjected to temperature regulation by a temperature control component, so that the temperature of the air introduced into the fermentation tank is moderate, the temperature of aerobic fermentation is prevented from being damaged, meanwhile, a stirring mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the tank body so as to stir compost at the bottom of the tank body, so that the compost inside the tank is fully contacted with the air, an angle regulating structure is arranged in the fermentation tank, the air inlet angle is regulated, so that the air, so that the air is more fully contacted with the compost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aerobic composting, in particular to a ventilation system for anaerobic fermentation of biogas residues by using urban kitchen waste and aerobic composting.
Background
The anaerobic fermentation technology can convert the wastes such as kitchen waste and the like into energy substances, achieves the purposes of reducing pollution and protecting the environment and has environmental, social and economic benefits, but the anaerobic fermentation technology can generate a large amount of biogas residues, if the biogas residues cannot be properly treated, pollutants such as high-concentration organic matters, pathogenic microorganisms and the like can possibly enter the environment, so that secondary pollution is caused while resource waste is caused, so that the exploration on resource utilization of the biogas residues has important application value, biogas residue composting is a means for effectively realizing resource, harmlessness and reduction of the biogas residues, the biogas residue can stabilize the organic matters and kill the pathogenic microorganisms in a high-temperature fermentation stage, and the composting final product of the composting can also play a role in increasing soil fertility, enriching the soil microorganism composition and adjusting the soil structure, and is different from other solid waste composts, the biogas residue compost has high organic matter content, low C/N and high water content, is the resource utilization of anaerobic residues, can further realize the cyclic utilization of resources, reduces the harm to the environment, and needs to properly control the factors such as temperature, water content, ventilation rate, pH value, C/N and the like in the composting process in order to obtain a good biogas residue compost product, wherein the ventilation rate is related to the microbial activity, the decomposition rate of organic matters and the change of temperature in the composting process and is one of important parameters influencing the composting process and the quality of the compost product, the anaerobic environment in the composting system can be influenced by the low ventilation rate, the excessive heat loss can be caused by the high ventilation rate, the maintenance time in the high-temperature stage in the composting process is influenced, so the selection of the proper ventilation rate is the premise of carrying out high-efficiency aerobic composting, and the ventilation rate is necessary to be controlled in the composting process, in view of the above, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, designs an aerobic composting and ventilating system for anaerobic fermentation of biogas residues of municipal kitchen waste, and solves the technical problems that the anaerobic environment in the composting system influences the composting due to too low ventilating speed, excessive heat loss is caused due to too high ventilating speed, the maintaining time of a high-temperature stage in the composting process is influenced, and how to control the ventilating speed and the ventilating contact area is important.
The technical scheme of the invention for realizing the aim is as follows: a ventilation system for anaerobic fermentation of urban kitchen waste and aerobic composting of biogas residues comprises a fermentation tank, wherein a pair of main air inlet pipes with the same structure are oppositely arranged at the middle upper part of the inner wall of the fermentation tank, each main air inlet pipe is provided with a control valve, one end of each main air inlet pipe exposed outside the fermentation tank is communicated with an air supply mechanism, a pair of air inlet angle adjusting mechanisms with the same structure and a pair of air inlet fixing mechanisms with the same structure are oppositely arranged on two sides of the inner wall surface of the fermentation tank, and a stirring mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the fermentation tank;
the air intake fixing mechanism includes: the device comprises an annular plate, a plurality of fixed seats with the same structure, a plurality of adjusting seats with the same structure, a plurality of vent pipes with the same structure, a gas distribution pipe and a corrugated pipe; the annular plate is arranged on the inner wall surface of the fermentation tank, the fixing seats are arranged on the annular plate and are arranged in an arc shape, the fixing seats are concave seats, rotating shafts are arranged between the side plates protruding out of two sides of the fixing seats, the adjusting seats are movably arranged on the fixing seats, the ventilating pipes are arranged on the adjusting seats, the gas distributing pipes are arranged at the gas inlet ends of the ventilating pipes, and the corrugated pipes are communicated with a main gas inlet pipe and the gas distributing pipes;
the intake angle adjusting mechanism includes: the mounting seat, the annular hoop and the hydraulic cylinder; the adjusting seats are movably connected with the rotating shaft in a pin shaft connection mode, the mounting seat is mounted on the annular plate, the annular hoop is sleeved on the gas distribution pipe, the fixed end of the hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the mounting seat and movably connected with the mounting seat through a pin shaft, and the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder is movably connected with the annular hoop;
the stirring mechanism comprises: the stirring device comprises a stirring motor, a placing plate, a stirring rod, a plurality of stirring blades with different sizes and a coupler; agitator motor installs in the fermentation cylinder bottom, the lower extreme is equipped with places board and its center and has seted up the through-hole in the fermentation cylinder, the embedded bearing that is equipped with of through-hole, the puddler inlays to be adorned in the bearing, and is a plurality of stirring leaf suit just is located on the puddler and places the board top, the puddler bottom passes through the coupling joint with agitator motor's drive end, and is a plurality of the helical structure that the stirring leaf increases step by step from top to bottom.
Preferably, the gas supply means includes: the temperature control device comprises an air compressor, a temperature control box and a plurality of resistance wire plates with the same structure;
the air compressor and the temperature control box are arranged on the outer side wall surface of the fermentation tank, the communicating pipe is communicated between the air compressor and the temperature control box, the resistance wire plates are uniformly arranged in the temperature control box at intervals from top to bottom, and the air outlet end of the temperature control box is communicated with the main air inlet pipe.
Further preferably, the fermentation tank is provided with an air pressure meter, the fermentation tank is internally provided with a temperature and humidity detector, and the outer wall surface of the fermentation tank matched with the temperature and humidity detector is provided with an electronic display screen.
Preferably, the fermentation tank is a cylindrical tank body made of steel, and a plurality of support legs with the same structure extend from the lower wall surface of the fermentation tank.
Preferably, a plurality of grid holes with the same structure are formed in the end parts of the plurality of ventilation pipes.
Preferably, the central position of the gas distribution pipe is provided with an annular shallow groove, and the annular hoop is sleeved at the position of the annular shallow groove.
Further preferably, the outer wall surface of the temperature control box is covered with a heat insulation layer, a plurality of corner pieces with the same structure are arranged on two sides of the temperature control box, and a plurality of fastening bolts with the same structure are arranged on the corner pieces and are in threaded connection with the fermentation tank.
The aerobic compost ventilating system manufactured by the technical scheme of the invention has novel structure and convenient use, an air compression air inlet device is formed by the main air inlet pipe and the air supply mechanism on the ventilation system, air is introduced by using an air compressor, the temperature of the air is regulated by using the temperature controller and the resistance wire plate, the temperature of the air introduced into the fermentation tank is moderate, the temperature of aerobic fermentation is prevented from being damaged, meanwhile, the stirring mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the fermentation tank so as to stir compost at the bottom of the fermentation tank, the compost inside the fermentation tank is fully contacted with the air, the angle regulating structure is arranged in the fermentation tank, the air inlet angle is regulated, and air is sprayed at different positions of the compost, so that the air is.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a ventilation system for anaerobic fermentation of biogas residues and aerobic composting of municipal kitchen waste.
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view cross-sectional structure view of an anaerobic fermentation biogas residue aerobic composting ventilation system for municipal kitchen waste.
FIG. 3 is a schematic rear view structure diagram of an anaerobic fermentation biogas residue aerobic composting ventilation system for municipal kitchen waste.
FIG. 4 is a schematic partial structure view of the anaerobic fermentation biogas residue aerobic composting and ventilating system for the municipal kitchen waste shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 5 is a schematic partial structure view of the anaerobic fermentation biogas residue aerobic composting and ventilating system for municipal kitchen waste shown in FIG. 2.
In the figure: 1. a fermentation tank; 2. a main air inlet pipe; 3. a control valve; 4. an annular plate; 5. a fixed seat; 6. an adjusting seat; 7. a breather pipe; 8. a gas distributing pipe; 9. a bellows; 10. a mounting seat; 11. an annular band; 12. a hydraulic cylinder; 13. an air compressor; 14. a temperature control box; 15. a resistance wire plate; 16. a stirring motor; 17. placing the plate; 18. a stirring rod; 19. stirring blades; 20. a coupling; 21. a barometer; 22. a temperature and humidity detector; 23. an electronic display screen; 24. a support leg; 25. mesh holes; 26. a communication pipe is provided.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and as shown in fig. 1-5, an aerobic composting and ventilating system for anaerobic fermentation of biogas residue by municipal kitchen waste mainly comprises a fermentation tank 1, a total air inlet pipe 2, an air inlet fixing mechanism, an air inlet angle adjusting mechanism and a stirring mechanism.
A pair of main air inlet pipes 2 with the same structure are oppositely arranged at the middle upper part of the inner wall of the fermentation tank 1, and air is introduced from the left side and the right side in two paths, so that the uniformity of ventilation is ensured. Each main air inlet pipe 2 is provided with a control valve 3, and the control valve is adjusted according to needs so as to adjust the air inlet quantity. The end of each total air inlet pipe 2 exposed outside the fermentation tank 1 is communicated with an air supply mechanism, a pair of air inlet angle adjusting mechanisms with the same structure and a pair of air inlet fixing mechanisms with the same structure are oppositely arranged on two sides of the inner wall surface of the fermentation tank 1, and a stirring mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the fermentation tank.
The control valve 3 controls the turn-off and turn-on of the pair of main air inlet pipes 2, and the air supply mechanism supplies air to the pair of main air inlet pipes 2. The fermentation tank 1 is a cylindrical tank body made of steel, a plurality of support legs 24 with the same structure extend out of the lower wall surface of the fermentation tank 1, the fermentation tank 1 is provided with a barometer 21, a temperature and humidity detector 22 is arranged in the fermentation tank 1, and an electronic display screen 23 is arranged on the outer wall surface of the fermentation tank matched with the barometer;
the air intake angle adjusting mechanism includes: the air inlet fixing structure and the air inlet angle adjusting structure;
the above-mentioned fixed knot that admits air includes: the device comprises an annular plate 4, a plurality of fixed seats 5 with the same structure, a plurality of adjusting seats 6 with the same structure, a plurality of vent pipes 7 with the same structure, a gas distribution pipe 8 and a corrugated pipe 9, wherein the connection relationship and the position relationship are as follows;
the annular plate 4 is arranged on the inner wall surface of the fermentation tank, the plurality of fixing seats 5 are arranged on the annular plate 4 and are arranged in an arc shape, the plurality of fixing seats 5 are concave seats, rotating shafts are arranged between the side plates protruding from two sides of each fixing seat 5, the plurality of adjusting seats 6 are movably arranged on the plurality of fixing seats 5, the plurality of vent pipes 7 are arranged on the plurality of adjusting seats 6, the gas distributing pipes 8 are arranged at the gas inlet ends of the plurality of vent pipes 7, and the corrugated pipes 9 are communicated with the main gas inlet pipe 2 and the gas distributing pipes;
in the specific implementation process, the annular plate 4 is used for installing the fixed seats 5, the compost is surrounded by the plurality of annular fixed seats 5, air introduced from the main air inlet pipe 2 is discharged into the air distribution pipe 8 through the corrugated pipe 9, the air is distributed into the plurality of air distribution pipes 7 through the flow distribution effect of the air distribution pipe 8, the compost is ventilated by the air distribution pipes 7, the adjustment seat 6 can be angularly adjusted by the air inlet angle adjusting structure in a pin shaft connection mode of the adjustment seat 6 and the fixed seats 5, so that the air distribution pipes 7 are angularly adjusted, the sufficient air is guaranteed to be obtained at each part of the compost by vertically adjusting the pitching angle of the air distribution pipes 7, the end parts of the plurality of air distribution pipes 7 are provided with a plurality of grid holes 25 with the same structure, and the compost is prevented from being damaged due to over-;
the air intake angle adjusting structure includes: the mounting seat 10, the annular hoop 11 and the hydraulic cylinder 12 are connected and positioned as follows;
a plurality of adjusting seats 6 are movably connected with the rotating shaft in a pin shaft connection mode, a mounting seat 10 is arranged on the annular plate 4, an annular hoop 11 is sleeved on the gas distribution pipe 8, the fixed end of a hydraulic cylinder 12 is arranged on the mounting seat 10 and movably connected with the annular hoop 11 by a pin shaft, and the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 12 is movably connected with the annular hoop 11;
in the specific implementation process, the central position of the gas distributing pipe 8 is provided with an annular shallow groove, the annular hoop 11 is sleeved at the annular shallow groove, the adjusting seat 6 is connected with the rotating shaft on the fixed seat 5 in a pin shaft mode, so that the adjusting seat 6 can rotate on the rotating shaft, when the angle is adjusted, an electric signal is sent to the hydraulic cylinder 12 through an external starting button, the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder is repeatedly extended or retracted, the annular hoop 11 on the hydraulic cylinder is driven to complete position adjustment, the position of the gas distributing pipe 8 is changed, the angle of the gas distributing pipe 7 on the adjusting seat 6 is changed due to the fact that the gas distributing pipe 7 is connected with the gas distributing pipe 8, and the fixing end of the hydraulic cylinder 12 is provided with a mounting seat 10 in order;
the air supply mechanism includes: the air compressor 13, the temperature control box 14 and a plurality of resistance wire plates 15 with the same structure have the following connection relationship and position relationship;
the air compressor 13 is arranged on one side of the fermentation tank 1, the temperature control component is arranged on the side wall surface of the fermentation tank 1, the communicating pipe 26 is communicated between the air compressor 13 and the temperature control component, the temperature control component is composed of a temperature control box 14 arranged on the side wall surface of the fermentation tank 1 and a plurality of resistance wire plates 15 which are uniformly arranged in the temperature control box 14 and have the same structure, and the upper side and the lower side of the temperature control box 14 are respectively communicated with the main air inlet pipe 2 and the communicating pipe 26;
in the concrete implementation process, compress the outside air through air compressor machine 13, then let in temperature control unit's control by temperature change box 14 via communicating pipe 26 in, energize for resistance filament plate 15, make its heating, the resistance filament plate 15 through in the control by temperature change box 14 heats the air of flowing through, then let in fermentation cylinder 1 via total intake pipe 2 in, it is low to avoid the air temperature, destroy fermentation reaction's optimum temperature, control by temperature change box 14 outer wall coats and is stamped the insulating layer, and it is equipped with the same fillet of a plurality of structures to be located control by temperature change box 14 both sides, be equipped with the same fastening bolt of a plurality of structures and fermentation cylinder 1 threaded connection on a plurality of fillets, avoid heat loss.
The stirring mechanism comprises: the stirring device comprises a stirring motor 16, a placing plate 17, a stirring rod 18, a plurality of stirring blades 19 with different sizes and a coupler 20, wherein the connection relation and the position relation are as follows;
the stirring motor 16 is arranged at the bottom end of the fermentation tank 1, the lower end in the fermentation tank 1 is provided with a placing plate 17, the center of the placing plate is provided with a through hole, a bearing is embedded in the through hole, the stirring rod 18 is embedded in the bearing, the stirring blades 19 are sleeved on the stirring rod 18 and positioned above the placing plate 17, and the bottom end of the stirring rod 18 is connected with the driving end of the stirring motor 16 through a coupling 20;
when air is introduced into the fermentation tank 1, the stirring shaft is driven to rotate by the stirring motor 16, so that the stirring rod 18 drives the stirring blades 19 to rotate, the compost is stirred to be fully contacted with the air, the stirring blades 19 are of spiral structures which are gradually increased from top to bottom, the compost conforms to the shape of the compost, and meanwhile, the stirring range is small, and the shape of the compost is not damaged;
this ventilation system passes through total intake pipe and air feed mechanism on the fermentation cylinder and constitutes an air compression air inlet unit, use the air compressor machine to admit air and utilize temperature controller and resistance wire board to carry out temperature regulation to the air, make the air temperature who lets in the fermentation cylinder moderate, avoid destroying aerobic fermentation's temperature, thereby it stirs to turn over the compost of jar body bottom to be equipped with to turn over the mechanism simultaneously in jar body bottom, thereby make its inside compost fully contact with the air, and be equipped with angle modulation structure in the fermentation cylinder, the angle of admitting air is adjusted, make the air intake angularly adjustable, thereby it jets out air to the different positions of compost, make the air more fully contact with the compost
The technical solutions described above only represent the preferred technical solutions of the present invention, and some possible modifications to some parts of the technical solutions by those skilled in the art all represent the principles of the present invention, and fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The urban kitchen waste anaerobic fermentation biogas residue aerobic compost ventilation system comprises a fermentation tank (1) and is characterized in that a pair of main air inlet pipes (2) with the same structure are oppositely arranged at the middle upper part of the inner wall of the fermentation tank (1), each main air inlet pipe (2) is provided with a control valve (3), one end of each main air inlet pipe (2) exposed outside the fermentation tank (1) is communicated with an air supply mechanism, a pair of air inlet angle adjusting mechanisms with the same structure and a pair of air inlet fixing mechanisms with the same structure are oppositely arranged on two sides of the inner wall surface of the fermentation tank (1), and a stirring mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the fermentation tank;
the air intake fixing mechanism includes: the device comprises an annular plate (4), a plurality of fixed seats (5) with the same structure, a plurality of adjusting seats (6) with the same structure, a plurality of vent pipes (7) with the same structure, a gas distribution pipe (8) and a corrugated pipe (9); the annular plate (4) is arranged on the inner wall surface of the fermentation tank, the fixing seats (5) are arranged on the annular plate (4), the fixing seats (5) are arranged in an arc shape, the fixing seats (5) are concave seats, rotating shafts are arranged between the side plates protruding from two sides of the fixing seats, the adjusting seats (6) are movably arranged on the fixing seats (5), the ventilating pipes (7) are arranged on the adjusting seats (6), the gas distributing pipe (8) is arranged at the gas inlet ends of the ventilating pipes (7), and the corrugated pipe (9) is communicated with the main gas inlet pipe (2) and the gas distributing pipe (8);
the intake angle adjusting mechanism includes: a mounting seat (10), an annular hoop (11) and a hydraulic cylinder (12); the adjusting seats (6) are movably connected with the rotating shaft in a pin shaft connection mode, the mounting seat (10) is mounted on the annular plate (4), the annular hoop (11) is sleeved on the gas distributing pipe (8), the fixed end of the hydraulic cylinder (12) is mounted on the mounting seat (10) and movably connected with the annular hoop (11) through a pin shaft, and the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder (12) is movably connected with the annular hoop (11);
the stirring mechanism comprises: the stirring device comprises a stirring motor (16), a placing plate (17), a stirring rod (18), a plurality of stirring blades (19) with different sizes and a coupling (20); agitator motor (16) are installed in fermentation cylinder (1) bottom, the lower extreme is equipped with places board (17) and its center and has seted up the through-hole in fermentation cylinder (1), the embedded bearing that is equipped with of through-hole, puddler (18) inlay and adorn in the bearing, and are a plurality of stirring leaf (19) suit is on puddler (18) and is located and places board (17) top, puddler (18) bottom passes through shaft coupling (20) with the drive end of agitator motor (16) and is connected, and is a plurality of stirring leaf (19) are the helical structure that from top to bottom increases step by step.
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the gas supply mechanism comprises: the temperature control device comprises an air compressor (13), a temperature control box (14) and a plurality of resistance wire plates (15) with the same structure;
the air compressor (13) and the temperature control box (14) are arranged on the outer side wall surface of the fermentation tank (1), the communicating pipe (26) is communicated between the air compressor (13) and the temperature control box (14), the resistance wire plates (15) are uniformly arranged in the temperature control box (14) at intervals from top to bottom, and the air outlet end of the temperature control box (14) is communicated with the main air inlet pipe (2).
3. The aerobic compost ventilation system for anaerobic fermentation and biogas residue of municipal kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that the fermentation tank (1) is provided with a barometer (21), the fermentation tank (1) is provided with a temperature and humidity detector (22), and the outer wall of the fermentation tank is provided with an electronic display screen (23) matching the temperature and humidity detector.
4. The aerobic composting and ventilating system for anaerobic fermentation of municipal kitchen waste and biogas residue according to claim 3, wherein the fermentation tank (1) is a cylindrical steel tank, and a plurality of legs (24) with the same structure extend from the lower wall surface.
5. The aerobic composting and ventilating system for anaerobic fermentation biogas residue of municipal kitchen waste according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of grid holes (25) with the same structure are formed at the end parts of a plurality of ventilating pipes (7).
6. The aerobic compost ventilation system for anaerobic fermentation biogas residues of municipal kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that the center of the gas-distributing pipe (8) is provided with an annular shallow groove, and the annular hoop (11) is sleeved at the annular shallow groove.
7. The system according to claim 2, wherein the outer wall surface of the temperature control box (14) is covered with a heat insulation layer, a plurality of corner pieces with the same structure are arranged on two sides of the temperature control box (14), and a plurality of fastening bolts with the same structure are arranged on the corner pieces and are in threaded connection with the fermentation tank (1).
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| CN201911135542.9A CN110642653B (en) | 2019-11-19 | 2019-11-19 | Urban kitchen waste anaerobic fermentation biogas residue aerobic composting ventilation system |
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| CN201911135542.9A CN110642653B (en) | 2019-11-19 | 2019-11-19 | Urban kitchen waste anaerobic fermentation biogas residue aerobic composting ventilation system |
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| CN111362738B (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2022-11-15 | 重庆大学 | High-efficient drum-type aerobic composting reaction device who returns muddy |
| CN111848238A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-10-30 | 海南大学 | Perishable garbage in-situ closed-loop treatment system with capacity and high value-added products |
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