CN110640274A - MAG inverted butt joint single-side welding and double-side forming welding method - Google Patents
MAG inverted butt joint single-side welding and double-side forming welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110640274A CN110640274A CN201910924871.5A CN201910924871A CN110640274A CN 110640274 A CN110640274 A CN 110640274A CN 201910924871 A CN201910924871 A CN 201910924871A CN 110640274 A CN110640274 A CN 110640274A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
- B23K9/1735—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode making use of several electrodes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/24—Features related to electrodes
- B23K9/28—Supporting devices for electrodes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
Abstract
The invention discloses a MAG overhead butt single-side welding double-sided forming welding method, which adopts MAG solid welding wires to perform overhead butt welding on a plate with a bevel, wherein the assembly gap of the bevel is 1.5-2.5 mm; the method comprises the steps of welding a priming layer, a filling layer and a cover surface layer, wherein in the process of welding the priming layer, an inclination angle between a welding gun and a welding direction is 90-100 degrees, a truncated edge of a groove is punctured along the thickness direction of a plate by utilizing electric arc stiffness, part of molten liquid in a molten pool is pushed to the back of the groove, and the molten pool is formed on the back of the groove and the back of the groove; after the welding seam at the front slope of the molten pool penetrates, the welding seam keeps constant-speed propulsion along the welding direction when no molten hole is formed at the front slope of the molten pool, and the welding of the bottom layer is completed. According to the invention, by reducing the assembly clearance of the workpiece, changing the angle of the welding gun and the operation method, a fusion hole is not required to be formed at the root part of the groove in front of a weld pool, and the single-side welding and double-side forming of the weld can be achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of welding, and particularly relates to a MAG overhead butt single-side welding double-side forming welding method for plates.
Background
The butt joint is a welding joint form with the greatest difficulty in operation in all welding positions. The weld forming is to weld at one side of the groove, and usually adopts an operation method of forming a fusion hole at the root of the groove in front of a weld pool, so as to achieve the double-sided forming of the single-sided welding of the weld.
In the upward butt joint actual operation process, because the truncated edges of the workpieces are thin and the gaps are large, in addition, the gravity and the surface tension of the molten drops are reduced, the liquid metal is easy to fall under the action of the gravity, the situation that the position of the molten hole is burnt and damaged to be increased by electric arcs is easy to occur, the electric arcs are forced to stop for repairing, continuous arc welding cannot be adopted, the defects that the back of a welding line is sunken, the welding line is not completely welded and the like are caused, and the forming of the back welding line cannot meet the requirements. The filling of the inner part between layers is difficult to control, the fusion between the layers is difficult, and the defects of dense air holes, slag inclusion and the like are easy to form. The appearance forming of the welding seam of the cover surface layer is difficult to control, and the defects of poor surface forming, overhigh joint, disjointing, undercut and the like are easily formed. The welding quality can not be guaranteed, and great waste is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides the MAG overhead butt single-side welding double-sided forming welding method, which can achieve the welding seam single-side welding double-sided forming without forming a fusion hole at the root part of a groove in front of a welding seam molten pool.
The technical scheme adopted for realizing the purpose of the invention is that an MAG overhead butt one-side welding double-sided forming welding method adopts an MAG solid welding wire to perform overhead butt welding on a plate with a groove, and the assembly gap of the groove is 1.5-2.5 mm; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
welding a priming coat: adopting continuous arc welding, wherein in the welding process, the inclination angle of a welding gun to the welding direction is 90-100 degrees, utilizing electric arc stiffness to puncture the truncated edge of the groove along the thickness direction of the plate, pushing part of molten liquid in the molten pool to the back of the groove, and forming molten pools on the groove and the back of the groove; after the welding seam at the front slope of the molten pool penetrates, the welding seam keeps constant-speed propulsion along the welding direction when no molten hole is formed at the front slope of the molten pool, and the welding of a bottom layer is completed;
and (3) welding a filling layer: continuous arc welding is adopted;
and (3) welding a cover layer: continuous arc welding is adopted.
Further, before welding the priming coat, positioning welding is firstly carried out on two ends of the plate groove.
Further, the tack welding comprises: and carrying out positioning welding on the back surfaces of the two ends of the groove, wherein the welding length is 5-10 mm.
Further, the priming layer welding further comprises:
and (3) starting an arc at the end of the groove, directly advancing at a constant speed along the welding direction after the arc is started, and keeping the welding wire at the front end 1/4 of a molten pool all the time.
Further, the filler layer welds, including:
and (3) starting an arc at the end of the groove, swinging the welding gun after the arc is started, and staying for 0.5-1 s when the arc runs to the two sides of the groove.
Furthermore, in the process of welding the filling layer, the inclination angle of the welding gun to the welding direction is 80-90 degrees.
Further, the facing layer welds, including:
and (3) starting an arc at the end of the groove, swinging a welding gun after the arc is started, back-pressing the front end 1/3-1/2 of the molten pool, staying for 0.5-1 s when the arc runs to the two sides of the groove, and fusing the two sides of the edge angle of the groove by 1-2 mm.
Further, in the process of welding the cover surface layer, the inclination angle of the welding gun to the welding direction is 80-90 degrees.
Furthermore, a reverse deformation angle bending towards the back of the plate is reserved at the butt joint part of the plate, and the reserved reverse deformation angle is not more than 3 degrees.
Further, the thickness of the truncated edge of the groove is 0-1.5 mm.
According to the technical scheme, the MAG overhead butt single-side welding double-sided forming welding method provided by the invention has the advantages that the welding gun angle is changed, the workpiece assembly gap is reduced, the operation process is improved, the welding hole is not required to be formed at the root part of the groove in front of a welding seam molten pool, the welding seam single-side welding double-sided forming can be realized, and the specific process principle is as follows:
firstly, the angle of a welding gun of a bottoming layer is changed, the inclination angle of the welding gun to the welding direction is 90-100 degrees, namely the welding gun is in a forward-stroke posture and points to the final welding end of a groove, the blunt edge of the groove can be punctured along the thickness direction of a plate by utilizing the arc stiffness of MAG (metal active gas arc welding), part of molten liquid in the molten pool is pushed to the back of the groove, so that molten pools are formed on the back of the groove and the back of the groove, and the back residual height is obtained.
Furthermore, MAG continuous arc welding is adopted in this application, and continuous arc welding cooperates the welder angle, can make the molten bath keep high temperature (molten iron melting state) all the time, consequently can reduce the fit-up gap of groove to 1.5mm ~ 2.5mm, and does not require molten hole to appear in molten bath the place ahead groove and can pierce through the groove blunt edge to the condition that the hole department of molten bath burnt loss grow by the electric arc appears is stopped to appear.
Finally, the assembly gap of the groove is reduced (the assembly gap is 3-4 mm or larger in the prior art), so that the groove backing welding of the plates with the same specification not only improves the welding speed, reduces the thickness of the backing weld, reduces the filling amount of the weld and reduces the labor intensity of welding; and the welding seam melting efficiency is improved, the cooling time of a welding seam melting pool is shortened, the anti-deformation amount of the plate is reduced, and the reserved anti-deformation angle is not more than 3 degrees.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a MAG butt-welding single-side-welding double-sided forming welding method in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the plate butt joint according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a groove distribution diagram of a weld joint in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a bottom-up butt welding structure of a box beam according to an embodiment of the present invention;
description of reference numerals: 1-plate, 11-blunt edge; 2-groove, 21-assembly gap, 22-edge angle; 3-welding wires; 4-welding seam, 41-priming layer, 42-filling layer, 43-cover layer and 44-back surface residual height; 5-a welding gun; 6-box beam.
Detailed Description
In order to make the present application more clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application pertains, the following detailed description of the present application is made with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, a MAG butt-welding single-side forming welding method is used for butt-welding a plate 1 having a bevel 2, where the plate 1 includes two plates to be connected, and the two plates should be placed horizontally during welding or have a certain included angle, but should be avoided as much as possible from being misaligned (misalignment is less than or equal to 1 mm). The end of two plates to be connected has groove 2 for welding, and this groove 2 can be formed by setting up the inclined plane at the terminal surface that two plates are close to all (as shown in fig. 2), also can be formed by the inclined plane that sets up at the terminal surface that two plates are close to by monolithic plate.
Wherein, the end surface which is not provided with the groove along the thickness direction (the Z-axis direction in fig. 1) of the plate 1 is called as a truncated edge 11, and the thickness of the truncated edge of the groove 2 in the embodiment is 0-1.5 mm; the obtuse angle that the bevel extends down to the lower surface of the plate is referred to as the corner 22, as shown in fig. 2. The opening angle of the groove 2 is related to the plate thickness of the plate member 1, and the normal opening angle is 60 °.
In the present embodiment, the fitting clearance of the groove 2 is 1.5mm to 2.5mm, for example, 1.5mm, 1.8mm, 2.0mm, 2.3mm, 2.5mm, or the like. When the assembly gap is larger, the thickness of the truncated edge of the groove can be correspondingly increased, for example, when the assembly gap of 2.5mm is adopted, the thickness of the truncated edge of the groove is 1 mm-1.5 mm.
As can be seen from fig. 2, the opening of the groove 2 gradually increases downward along the thickness direction of the plate 1, so as to facilitate the welding in the up position. Before the plate 1 is welded, a reverse deformation angle bending to the back of the plate 1 is reserved at the butt joint part of the plate 1 to counteract the deformation caused by welding, and the reverse deformation angle is not more than 3 degrees in the embodiment.
The MAG butt-welding single-side welding double-sided forming welding method of the embodiment adopts MAG welding (gas metal arc welding, short for gas shield welding) to match with MAG solid welding wire 3 for butt-welding, referring to fig. 3, includes welding of a priming layer 41, a filling layer 42 and a cover layer 43, and the specific process is as follows:
s1, welding of the base layer 41: and (4) carrying out continuous arc welding by adopting a linear strip conveying method.
During arc striking, the end of the groove 2 (i.e. the initial welding end a in fig. 1) is subjected to arc striking, the welding wire 3 is directly pushed at a constant speed along the welding direction (the direction indicated by an arrow c in fig. 1) without swinging after the arc striking, and is always positioned at the front end 1/4 of the molten pool (the molten pool is elliptic, the long axis is along the welding direction, and the direction facing the final welding end b is the front end). Referring to fig. 1, during the welding process, the inclination angle of the welding gun 5 to the welding direction is 90 ° to 100 °, for example, 90 °, 92 °, 94.5 °, 96 °, 98 °, 100 °, and the like, and the included angle to the width direction (Y-axis direction in fig. 1) of the weld 4 is 90 °. After the arc starts, the blunt edge 11 is punctured along the thickness direction of the plate 1 by utilizing the electric arc stiffness, and part of molten liquid in the molten pool is pushed to the back of the groove 2, so that molten pools are formed on the back of the groove 2 and the back of the groove. Wherein, whether the molten pool is formed on the back of the groove can be judged by puffing sound (sound generated when the welding seam penetrates) emitted from the back of the groove. The sound of the puff is only an exemplary illustration, and is only used to illustrate that the bevel blunt edge has been melted through, but the sound of the bevel blunt edge is different according to the actual situation.
In the welding process of the priming layer 41, when no fusion hole appears at the groove 2 in front of the molten pool, the constant-speed propulsion is kept along the welding direction, namely after the welding seam at the groove in front of the molten pool penetrates (for example, after the penetration sound of the welding seam is heard), the constant-speed propulsion is kept forward without the fusion hole appearing at the groove until the welding of the priming layer 41 is completed. The method keeps advancing at a constant speed without the need of a molten hole at the groove in front of the molten pool, thereby avoiding the situation that the molten hole is burnt and damaged by electric arc to be increased.
In a preferred embodiment, tack welding is required at both ends of groove 2 prior to welding primer layer 41. The tack welding may be performed on the groove side (lower surface of the plate) or may be performed on the groove back surface.
If the positioning welding is carried out on the groove side, the positioning welding can form a certain welding seam thickness at the two ends of the groove 2, which is equivalent to backing welding with a certain length in advance, and when the backing welding procedure is carried out, in order to control the backing welding thickness, an arc starting point is required to be arranged at the tail end of the positioning welding seam, so that the end arc starting of the groove 2 cannot be realized. And during arc striking, the plate is in a normal temperature state, so the groove is not easy to burn through, and the back weld joint is not easy to form.
In the embodiment, the back surfaces of the two ends of the groove 2 are subjected to positioning welding, and the welding length is 5 mm-10 mm. And (3) performing positioning welding on the back surfaces of the two ends of the groove 2, namely forming residual heights on the back surfaces of the two ends of the groove 2. Because there is not the welding seam in the groove, consequently can follow 2 end arcings of groove, at the backing weld in the 5mm ~ 10mm fixed position welding section in-process that goes on, plate 1 welding department has reached high temperature, consequently when backing weld connects the fixed position welding section tip position, can puncture the groove back easily for the backing weld and the fixed position welding at the back fuse together, guarantee back welding seam shaping quality.
S2, welding the filling layer 42: and performing continuous arc welding by adopting a zigzag strip conveying method.
The end of the groove 2 is arcing during arcing, the welding gun 5 swings in a small-radian sawtooth-shaped strip conveying manner after arcing, the middle transition speed is high during swinging, and the two sides are slightly stopped, namely the electric arc stops for 0.5-1 s when running to the two sides of the groove 2, so that good fusion between welding seams can be ensured, and welding beading caused by falling of metal liquid drops on the front side of the welding seams can be avoided. 1 ~ 2 mm's facing layer surplus is left apart from groove edge to filling layer 42 welding seam surface, pays attention to not burning loss with edge 22.
In other embodiments, the filler layer may also be welded by using a crescent bar transporting method, a reversed crescent bar transporting method, a triangular bar transporting method, and the like, which is not limited in this application.
In the process of welding the filling layer 42, the inclination angle of the welding gun 5 to the welding direction is 80-90 degrees, and the included angle of the welding gun 5 to the width direction of the welding seam is 90 degrees. Namely, the welding gun is in a backward punching posture and points to the initial welding end a of the groove, the welding gun angle controls the welding speed, and the reverse posture of the welding gun 5 can control the welding speed of the filling layer 42 to be slower than that of the priming layer 41. Because the closer to the groove edge 22, the wider the bevel face and the thicker the plate thickness, the slower the welding speed can prolong the residence time of the molten pool, and the residence time determines the temperature of the molten pool, thereby ensuring that both sides of the weld of the filling layer are fully fused with the parent metal and the weld of the priming layer 41 and the filling layer 42 is fully fused.
S3, welding the cover layer 43: and (4) performing continuous arc welding by adopting a crescent strip conveying method.
And during arc striking, the end of the groove 2 is subjected to arc striking, and the welding wire 3 drives the molten pool to swing towards two sides of the welding bead quickly after the arc striking, so that the front side of the welding bead is prevented from forming welding beading. The welding wire 3 swings in a crescent shape in the molten pool, the front end of the molten pool is pressed back (pressed into an arc) at 1/3-1/2, namely the welding wire 3 always swings at 1/3-1/2 of the front end of the molten pool, and the forward pushing distance of the corresponding welding wire is 1/6 of the length of the molten pool. Because the surface of the molten pool is inclined in the welding direction, namely the height of the molten pool increases from the front (the final welding end b side) to the back (the initial welding end a side), and the thickness of the joint of the solidified welding seam is the largest, the conveying strip is limited at the front ends 1/3-1/2 of the molten pool, namely the front half part of the molten pool, and the welding seams of the cover layer 43 and the filling layer 42 can be fully fused.
In other embodiments, the cover layer may also be welded by a zigzag strip transporting method, a reversed crescent strip transporting method, a triangular strip transporting method, or other strip transporting methods, which is not limited in this application.
When the electric arc runs to the two sides of the groove 2, the electric arc stays for 0.5 s-1 s, the two sides of the edge angle of the groove 2 are fused for 1 mm-2 mm, and the defects of groove underfill and undercut generated on the two sides of the welding line can be avoided. During arc closing, the weld arc closing crater needs to be filled, so that the crater is prevented from being not filled and cracks are prevented, and the attractive appearance of the weld of the cover surface layer 43 is ensured.
In the process of welding the cover layer 43, the inclination angle of the welding gun 5 to the welding direction is 80-90 degrees, preferably 90 degrees, the included angle to the width direction of the welding line is 90 degrees, and the corresponding effect is the same as that of the filling layer 42.
Application example:
the MAG inverted butt single-side welding and double-side forming welding method is applied to the production process of the long and large special vehicle by a certain company, and is particularly applied to welding of box beams. Referring to fig. 4, the box beam 6 is used as the main bearing part of the vehicle, the groove 2 is positioned on the bottom plate 1, and the welding seam requires full penetration. In the prior art, when a box-shaped beam 6 is welded, the back surface of an overhead butt welding seam can not be back-gouged due to narrow operation space, so that the welding seam has welding defects. By adopting the MAG inverted butt single-side welding double-side forming welding method, a better welding seam single-side welding double-side forming effect is achieved.
The specific process method and process parameters are as follows:
analysis of base material properties of test plate
The test panels were made of high strength weathering steel Q450NQR1, and the thickness was 10 mm. The Q450NQR1 belongs to high-strength atmospheric corrosion resistant steel, the superior performance of the material is mainly shown in the advantages of high strength and good atmospheric corrosion resistant strength, and the chemical components and the mechanical properties of the Q450NQR1 are respectively shown in tables 1 and 2.
TABLE 1Q 450NQR1 chemical composition (%)
TABLE 2Q 450NQR1 mechanical properties
(II) analysis of solder Properties
In order to ensure that the welding joint has mechanical properties matched with the base metal, the grade of a high-strength welding wire is TH550 NQ-II, and the diameter isThe chemical composition and mechanical properties of the wire are shown in tables 3 and 4, respectively.
TABLE 3 TH550 NQ-II chemical composition (%)
TABLE 4 TH550 NQ-II mechanical properties
(III) requirements of Assembly Process
The thickness of the truncated edge of the groove is 0-0.5 mm; the positioning welding is carried out on the reverse sides of the grooves at the two ends of the plate, and the length is 5-10 mm; the assembly gap is 1.5 mm; reserved reverse deformation amount: 2 to 3 degrees; misalignment amount: less than or equal to 1 mm.
(IV) introduction to welding technology
1. Welding equipment: the welding machine adopts a gas shielded welding machine KRII-500 and a direct current reverse connection mode. The welder has good state, can provide stable electric arc in required current range, and has great melting depth, less splashing, high safety and reliability.
2. Cleaning before welding: and thoroughly cleaning impurities such as oil, rust, water, oxide and the like on the surfaces of the grooves within the range of 20mm on the front side and the back side of the workpiece until the metallic luster is exposed. And (4) polishing and flattening the spot welding on the inner side of the groove, polishing one end of the groove close to the center of the workpiece to be in a slope shape, and cutting off the globular oxide at the front end of the welding wire on the welding gun.
3. Welding technological parameters are as follows:
reasonable welding process parameters are important guarantee for determining the quality of welding, play a key role in forming the welding seam and influence the welding seam tissue. Before welding, the welding machine must be debugged, and the test welding is carried out on a test board. Welding parameters such as welding current, arc voltage and gas flow are reasonably matched, and specific parameters are shown in table 5.
TABLE-5 welding Process parameters
| Welding hierarchy | Welding current I/A | Arc voltage U/V |
| Backing welding | 110～120 | 17～18 |
| Filling welding | 130～140 | 18～19 |
| Weld of cover | 120～130 | 18～19 |
Flow rate of shielding gas: 15-20L/min; the extending length of the welding wire is as follows: 10-15 mm; backing welding speed: 170-190 mm/min.
(V) welding procedure
Referring to fig. 1, the welding process including the primer layer 41, the filling layer 42 and the cover layer 43 is as follows:
s1, welding of the base layer 41: and (4) carrying out continuous arc welding by adopting a linear strip conveying method.
The end of the groove 2 is subjected to arc striking during arc striking, the welding wire 3 is directly pushed at a constant speed along the welding direction without swinging after the arc striking, and is always positioned at the front end 1/4 of a molten pool. In the welding process, the inclination angle of the welding gun 5 and the welding direction is 90-100 degrees, the included angle of the welding gun 5 and the width direction of the welding seam 4 is 90 degrees, the blunt edge 11 is punctured along the thickness direction of the plate 1 by utilizing the electric arc stiffness, part of molten liquid in the molten pool is pushed to the back of the groove 2, and molten pools are formed on the back of the groove 2 and the back of the groove 2. In the welding process of the priming layer 41, when no fusion hole appears at the front groove 2 of the molten pool, the constant-speed propulsion is kept along the welding direction, and the welding of the priming layer 41 is completed.
S2, welding the filling layer 42: and performing continuous arc welding by adopting a zigzag strip conveying method.
The end of the groove 2 is arcing during arcing, the welding gun 5 swings in a small-radian sawtooth-shaped strip conveying manner after arcing, the middle transition speed is high during swinging, and the two sides are slightly stopped, namely the electric arc stops for 0.5-1 s when running to the two sides of the groove 2, so that good fusion between welding seams can be ensured, and welding beading caused by falling of metal liquid drops on the front side of the welding seams can be avoided. In the process of welding the filling layer 42, the inclination angle of the welding gun 5 to the welding direction is 80-90 degrees, and the included angle of the welding gun 5 to the width direction of the welding seam is 90 degrees. 1 ~ 2 mm's facing layer surplus is left apart from groove edge to filling layer 42 welding seam surface, pays attention to not burning loss with edge 22.
S3, welding the cover layer 43: and (4) performing continuous arc welding by adopting a crescent strip conveying method.
And during arc striking, the end of the groove 2 is subjected to arc striking, and the welding wire 3 drives the molten pool to swing towards two sides of the welding bead quickly after the arc striking, so that the front side of the welding bead is prevented from forming welding beading. The welding wire 3 swings in a crescent shape in the molten pool, the front end 1/3-1/2 of the molten pool is pressed back (pressed into an arc), when the arc runs to the two sides of the groove 2, the arc stays for 0.5 s-1 s, the edge angle of the fusion groove 2 is 1 mm-2 mm, and the defects that the groove is not filled and the undercut is generated on the two sides of the welding line can be avoided. During arc closing, the weld arc closing crater needs to be filled, so that the crater is prevented from being not filled and cracks are prevented, and the attractive appearance of the weld of the cover surface layer 43 is ensured. In the process of welding the cover layer 43, the inclination angle of the welding gun 5 to the welding direction is 90 degrees, and the included angle to the width direction of the welding seam is 90 degrees.
Through determination, the weld height and width of the weld joint on the front side of the groove are uniform, no undercut exists, and the forming is attractive; the residual height of the back of the welding seam is 0.5-1 mm, and the welding quality is guaranteed.
Through the embodiment, the invention has the following beneficial effects or advantages:
the MAG overhead butt welding single-side welding double-side forming welding method provided by the invention is successfully applied to the production of long and large special vehicles and the welding of box beams of which the reverse surfaces can not be back-gouged. By reducing the assembly clearance of the workpiece, changing the angle of the welding gun and the operation method, the welding hole is not required to be formed at the root part of the groove in front of the welding seam molten pool, and the single-side welding and double-side forming of the welding seam can be achieved. The welding method can simplify operation actions, reduce operation difficulty and labor intensity, greatly reduce the operation difficulty of an electric welder, enable the operator to be familiar with and master the operation method in a short time, and meanwhile push the welding technology to the public.
While the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.
Claims (10)
1. A MAG overhead butt welding single-side welding double-sided forming welding method is characterized in that an MAG solid welding wire is adopted to conduct overhead butt welding on a plate with a groove, and the assembly gap of the groove is 1.5-2.5 mm; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
welding a priming coat: adopting continuous arc welding, wherein in the welding process, the inclination angle of a welding gun to the welding direction is 90-100 degrees, utilizing electric arc stiffness to puncture the truncated edge of the groove along the thickness direction of the plate, pushing part of molten liquid in the molten pool to the back of the groove, and forming molten pools on the groove and the back of the groove; after the welding seam at the front slope of the molten pool penetrates, the welding seam keeps constant-speed propulsion along the welding direction when no molten hole is formed at the front slope of the molten pool, and the welding of a bottom layer is completed;
and (3) welding a filling layer: continuous arc welding is adopted;
and (3) welding a cover layer: continuous arc welding is adopted.
2. The MAG downbutt single-sided welding double-sided profile welding method of claim 1, wherein: before welding the priming coat, firstly, positioning welding is carried out on two ends of the plate groove.
3. The MAG downbutt single-sided welding double-sided profile welding method of claim 2, wherein: the tack welding comprises: and carrying out positioning welding on the back surfaces of the two ends of the groove, wherein the welding length is 5-10 mm.
4. A MAG downbutt single-sided profile welding method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the priming layer welding still includes:
and (3) starting an arc at the end of the groove, directly advancing at a constant speed along the welding direction after the arc is started, and keeping the welding wire at the front end 1/4 of a molten pool all the time.
5. A MAG downbutt single-sided profile welding method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the filler layer weld, comprising:
and (3) starting an arc at the end of the groove, swinging the welding gun after the arc is started, and staying for 0.5-1 s when the arc runs to the two sides of the groove.
6. The MAG downbutt single-sided welding double-sided profile welding method of claim 5, wherein: in the process of welding the filling layer, the inclination angle of the welding gun and the welding direction is 80-90 degrees.
7. A MAG downbutt single-sided profile welding method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the facing layer welding includes:
and (3) starting an arc at the end of the groove, swinging a welding gun after the arc is started, back-pressing the front end 1/3-1/2 of the molten pool, staying for 0.5-1 s when the arc runs to the two sides of the groove, and fusing the two sides of the edge angle of the groove by 1-2 mm.
8. The MAG downbutt single-sided welding double-sided profile welding method of claim 7, wherein: in the process of welding the cover surface layer, the inclination angle of the welding gun and the welding direction is 80-90 degrees.
9. A MAG downbutt single-sided profile welding method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the butt joint part of the plate is reserved with a reverse deformation angle bending to the back of the plate, and the reserved reverse deformation angle is not more than 3 degrees.
10. A MAG downbutt single-sided profile welding method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the thickness of the truncated edge of the groove is 0-1.5 mm.
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| PCT/CN2020/108955 WO2021057307A1 (en) | 2019-09-27 | 2020-08-13 | Welding method for single-sided welding and double-sided forming of mag inverted butt joint |
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| CN111266701A (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2020-06-12 | 昆山安意源管道科技有限公司 | Arc welding protection process for pipeline |
| CN111360366A (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2020-07-03 | 江苏省沙钢钢铁研究院有限公司 | Welding method of full penetration overhead plate |
| CN111458324A (en) * | 2020-02-14 | 2020-07-28 | 华智焊测高科(苏州)有限公司 | Detection device and detection method for deep-melting TIG (tungsten inert gas) welding perforation state |
| WO2021057307A1 (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2021-04-01 | 中车株洲车辆有限公司 | Welding method for single-sided welding and double-sided forming of mag inverted butt joint |
| CN116117269A (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2023-05-16 | 陕西飞机工业有限责任公司 | Layered welding method for aviation support component |
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| WO2021057307A1 (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2021-04-01 | 中车株洲车辆有限公司 | Welding method for single-sided welding and double-sided forming of mag inverted butt joint |
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| CN116117269A (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2023-05-16 | 陕西飞机工业有限责任公司 | Layered welding method for aviation support component |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN110640274B (en) | 2022-03-22 |
| WO2021057307A1 (en) | 2021-04-01 |
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