CN102922085B - Manual electric arc welding prime coat is the application of arc extinguishing method in Q460 steel-pipe welding in a zigzag - Google Patents
Manual electric arc welding prime coat is the application of arc extinguishing method in Q460 steel-pipe welding in a zigzag Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses manual electric arc welding prime coat in a zigzag arc extinguishing method and Q460 high-strength steel level fix butt welding of steel tube connect in application, arcing point is positioned at groove root near root face 2-3mm place, oblique rear along groove face to molten bath after striking is to being gently with electric arc, do to pause rear teeter to groove opposite side, after observing the fusion well of this side slope mouth, to the oblique rear of arcing point to arc extinguishing, welding rod termination running orbit is just as "the" shape.Molten bath can be observed better in welding process, reduce the generation of prime coat weld defect, guarantee for banjo fixing butt jointing prime coat welding quality provides the support of operating technology aspect, and this arc-suppressing method effectively can control the shaping of the root of weld and can obtain excellent seam organization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to and utilize manual electric arc welding to weld the process of butt weld, more particularly, relate to a kind of novel prime coat welding technique and Q460 high-strength steel level fix butt welding of steel tube connect in application.
Background technology
When butt weld adopts manual electric arc welding bottoming to weld, what generally adopt is some arc extinguishing methods or 2 arc extinguishing methods, there is following shortcoming in these two kinds of methods: some arc extinguishing methods, and weld seam middle part is pointed in arc burning process welding rod termination, and welding process easily produces root and gives prominence to too high or welded tumour defects; 2 arc extinguishing methods, test specimen root both sides are clicked respectively fast in arc burning process welding rod termination, and to form molten bath, if welding process arc extinguishing frequency is very fast, then molten bath is not easily observed, and easily produces dreg defect, if arc extinguishing frequency is comparatively slow, then easily produces overlap.
Q460 high-strength steel widely uses in the large-scale framework manufactures such as Bird's Nest, UHV transmission steel tower.Within 2009,500 kilovolts of burnt tower lines arise from 500 kilovolts, Jiaozhuo universal love transformer station, terminate in 500 kilovolts, Xinxiang Ta Pu transformer station, 272 steel towers of this line all manufacture with Q460 high-strength steel, compared with conventional steels, steel tower gross weight decreases 9.4%, saving steel 1121 tons altogether, reduces construction investment 8,970,000 yuan, makes engineering unit cost reduce about 2%.Present stage, every profession and trade was to Q460 process for welding high-strength steel major part employing manual electric arc welding method, in welding training and site operation process, there is following problem: it is improper that 1 welding procedure is formulated; 2 welding conditions are unreasonable; 3 weld seams easily produce the weld defects such as cob webbing, welding bead be excessively uneven.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of novel prime coat welding technique is provided, molten bath can be observed better in welding process, reduce the generation of prime coat weld defect, guarantee for banjo fixing butt jointing prime coat welding quality provides the support of operating technology aspect, and this arc-suppressing method effectively can control the shaping of the root of weld and can obtain excellent seam organization.
Technical purpose of the present invention is achieved by following technical proposals:
A kind of prime coat arc-suppressing method of manual electric arc welding, arcing point is positioned at groove root near root face 2-3mm place, oblique rear along groove face to molten bath after striking is to being gently with electric arc, do to pause rear teeter to groove opposite side, after observing the fusion well of this side slope mouth, to the oblique rear of arcing point to arc extinguishing, welding rod termination running orbit is just as "the" shape, specifically, with weld width direction for X-direction, take interface length as Y direction (i.e. welding direction), move shown in accompanying drawing 1 after arcing point striking, its running orbit is 30-40 ° in the projection of XOY plane and the angle α of X-direction, do rear (namely to be formed and the to maintain molten bath) teeter that pauses to groove opposite side, in the projection of XOY plane, now the molten bath that a welding is formed is passed in welding rod termination when teeter, distance h through top, line-spacing molten bath is 1/3-1/2 of whole molten bath H, after this side slope mouth fusion to be seen is good, on this side cut, the oblique rear of arcing point is to (namely compared with welding direction Y direction) arc extinguishing, be 30-40 ° in the projection of XOY plane and the angle β of X-direction.Like this, identical manipulation of electrode is adopted to complete the welding of whole piece prime coat weld seam, the arc manipulation track of welding process welding rod termination is similar to " it " font, and the molten bath of formation covers 1/3-1/2 of last molten bath along welding direction (i.e. Y direction).
Backing weld adopts current interruption soldering method, adopts single-point or 2 current interruption methods: some arc extinguishing methods in the past, and weld seam middle part is pointed in arc burning process welding rod termination, and welding process easily produces root and gives prominence to too high or welded tumour defects; 2 arc extinguishing methods, test specimen root both sides are clicked respectively fast in arc burning process welding rod termination, and to form molten bath, if welding process arc extinguishing frequency is very fast, then molten bath is not easily observed, and easily produces dreg defect, if arc extinguishing frequency is comparatively slow, then easily produces overlap.
" it " type of employing arc extinguishing method just can solve above-mentioned shortcoming well.First, in groove side after electric arc is ignited at root 2-3mm place, by welding rod termination along groove face fast to the oblique rear in molten bath to being gently with electric arc, after observing the fusion well of this side slope mouth, move laterally to opposite side groove face place, to arcing point oblique rear arc extinguishing after this groove face dissolves and forms full molten bath, form first molten bath (seat).Welding rod termination can be avoided to oblique rear to arc extinguishing to have melted and the inexcessive molten iron to molten bath pastes on the groove that do not weld, utilize the blowing force of electric arc the slag covering weld pool surface to be blowed to rear simultaneously, more be beneficial to second time striking and be convenient to joint.The groove face side of first time striking can be selected in again the ignite position of electric arc, and also can select the groove face side of first time arc extinguishing, manipulation of electrode is with identical for the first time.Whole piece prime coat weld seam all welds by which, the arc manipulation track of welding process welding rod termination is similar to " it " font, carry out welding in this approach and can observe molten bath more clearly, ensure the uniformity that prime coat root is outstanding, reduce splashing, slag to the impact of welding process, improve welding quality, the blowing force of electric arc can be utilized, the slag covering weld pool surface is blown to the rear in molten bath, be beneficial to the observation in molten bath, be convenient to restarting and joint.
Utilize the arc-suppressing method of above-mentioned manual prime coat to fix steel pipe to Q460 high-strength steel level and carry out docking welding, control is pricked Q460 high-strength steel level and is fixed steel pipe docking manual electric arc welding method, and step is as follows:
1) metallic luster is polished by within the scope of the groove of test specimen and surperficial both sides 10mm, then carry out test specimen assembling group right, bevel angle is 30-35 °, root gap is (3.5-4.5) mm, root face is (1.0-1.5) mm, unfitness of butt joint is less than 1mm;
2) clock face when test tube side being regarded as, 10 points, the position of 2 position weldering respectively, and tack welding length is (15-20) mm;
3) welding process adopts multi-layer multi-pass welding process method to carry out, and welding direction is for standing upwards.Described multi-layer multi-pass welding process method comprises bottom, intermediate layer and superficial layer welding procedure:
Backing weld: adopt " it " word arc extinguishing soldering method, electric power polarity is positive connection, and its welding condition is: welding current 120 ± 10A, arc voltage 22 ± 2V, speed of welding 90 ± 10mm/min, individual layer ≯ 3.2mm;
2) intermediate layer welding adopts multi-layer multi-pass welding zigzag to connect arc-welding connection, electric power polarity is opposition method, and its welding condition is: welding current 150 ± 10A, arc voltage 23 ± 10V, speed of welding 180 ± 20mm/min, each layer thickness ≯ core diameter;
3) superficial layer welding adopts multi-layer multi-pass welding zigzag to connect arc welding, electric power polarity is opposition method, and its welding condition is: welding current 150 ± 10A, arc voltage 23 ± 10V, speed of welding 220 ± 20mm/min, each layer thickness ≯ core diameter.
Technical Analysis of the present invention: backing weld adopts current interruption soldering method, adopts single-point or 2 current interruption methods in the past: in the middle of weld seam or groove both sides to ignite arc extinguishing welding after electric arc, adopt the order of alternately superposition to carry out.There is position of starting to be positioned at the position of six thirty to five thirty of clock, easily make the place of starting produce depression, the subtend street corner welding that being unfavorable for starts locates.During arc extinguishing, the blow-out direction of electric arc is welding direction, easily makes welding rod termination melt and the inexcessive molten iron to molten bath pastes on the groove that do not weld, brings artificial obstacle to welding process.
" it " type of employing arc extinguishing method just can solve above-mentioned shortcoming well.First, after electric arc is ignited in groove side, welding rod termination is moved quickly into weld seam middle part, along with the fusing arm of welding rod is along with lifting, slightly laterally slightly swing, until groove opposite side dissolve and formed full after molten bath to oblique rear arc extinguishing, form first molten bath seat, welding rod termination just can be avoided to have melted to oblique rear to arc extinguishing and the inexcessive molten iron to molten bath pastes on the groove that do not weld, utilize the blowing force of electric arc that the slag covering weld pool surface is blowed to rear simultaneously, more be beneficial to second time striking and be convenient to joint, the arc manipulation track of whole welding process welding rod termination is similar to " it " word, carry out welding in this approach and can ensure that outstanding evenly the avoiding of root of starting out is caved in, reduce the impact of splashing welding quality.
Intermediate layer and superficial layer use and connect arc-welding gimmick, adopted multilayer single track welding method: in welding process, the swing of welding rod is not by the restriction of weld width in the past, polygometry is adopted significantly to swing, throat depth is not requirement also, cause welding condition excessive, easily produce burn, overlap, the weld defect such as undercut, make control prick Q460 High Tensile Steel Weld Metal and organize coarse grains, combination property reduces, and affects the service life of welding point.
Adopt the welding procedure of the small size saw-tooth wobble of multilayer multiple tracks, note the fusing observing prime coat and groove face during welding, ensure between layer road and groove face fusion good, observe the rear side in molten bath without coating packing phenomenon, melt run and intersection, mother metal side is made to fuse well, without stinging meat, slag inclusion phenomenon.At the last layer welding bead up-igniting electric arc apart from 10 ~ 15mm place, molten bath of welding bead when changing welding rod joint, then forced down rapidly by electric arc and move on to 1/2 or 2/3 place in molten bath, by the welding of linear manipulation of electrode, the speed of welding of joint slightly soon.Before each layer welding, the coating of front one deck welding bead, splashing all should be cleaned out.When the per pass of each layer welds, the edge line in molten bath all should be pressed in 1/2 ~ 1/3 place of one welding bead, examines molten bath, and the highest point of a upper welding bead is covered by its edge line.The width in welding process Zhong Ge road is no more than 5 times of core diameter, bead thickness is not more than core diameter, thermal weld stress can be reduced like this under the prerequisite ensureing welding quality, avoid burning, the generation of overlap, simultaneously due to the reduction of thermal weld stress, it is weld grain refinement more, thus on the basis ensureing plasticity and toughness, improve the intensity of joint, add service life.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that this method of operating welding rod swings schematic diagram, and in figure, arrow represents welding rod termination running orbit.
Fig. 2 is multi-layer multi-pass welding sequential schematic in this method of operating.
The metallographic of Fig. 3 commissure bainite detects figure.
The metallographic of Fig. 4 heat affected area bainite detects figure.
Fig. 5 mother metal ferrite+pearlitic metallographic detects figure.
Detailed description of the invention
Technical scheme of the present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Select the steel pipe of two joint φ 400*16, material is that Q460 high-strength steel is pricked in control, polish metallic luster on request by within the scope of groove and surperficial 10mm; Wlding selects E6015-G, and diameter is 3.2mm, 4.0mm, carries out 350 DEG C of oven dry on request, and insulation 2h, is then placed in heat-preservation cylinder, and switches on power, ready access upon use.
Group is to parameter: bevel angle is 30-35 °, and root gap is 3.5-4.5mm, root face is 1.0-1.5mm, unfitness of butt joint is less than 1mm.After ready, position weldering at the two ends of test specimen, length is 15mm.
1, test material and method
Common Q 460 angle steel that thickness is 20mm taken from by test material, and welding material used is the CHE607RH welding rod that Sichuan Atlantic China Welding Consumables, Inc. produces." welding latch cold crack test method " that implant test specifies according to GB9446-88 carries out, and latch coupon diameter is 8mm, and nicked form is annular, and notch depth is 1.0mm.Testing equipment is micro-processor controlled five bolt testing machines of follow-on HCL-3MC type, and welding condition is in Table 1-1.
Table 1-1 welding condition
Test under not preheating, preheating 50 DEG C and preheating 75 DEG C of three kinds of conditions respectively.Postwelding is chilled to 150 ~ 200 DEG C of loadings.Change proof stress to test, obtain latch and keep 16h (during not preheating) or 24h (during preheating) constantly maximum stress, i.e. critical fracture toughness σ cr.Critical fracture toughness is determined like this: as the test specimen fracture had under a certain stress value, some test specimens are continuous, then under the stress lower than this stress 20MPa, remake two samples, as all continuous, then determine that the latter is σ cr.
The thermal simulation parameter chosen is: firing rate is 200 DEG C/s, and peak temperature Tp is 1320 DEG C, weld heat input from low to high, corresponding t
8/5be taken as 10s, 20s, 30s and 40s respectively.Thermal simulation equipment is the GLEEBLE2500 thermal simulation machine of DSI company of the U.S..Experimentally data determine t
8/5bound scope, by the calculating of hot input range
For slab, the t of German Iron Steel Institute can be quoted
8/5theoretical empirical formula calculates E (hot input range):
In formula: η---the relative efficiency of different welding method, get 0.85;
E---heat input, J/cm;
T
o---initial temperature, DEG C;
F3---joint efficiency, gets 1.0.
Q460 high-strength steel is obtained for preventing that the minimum preheat temperature of cold crack is 50 DEG C, t by cool attenuation test
8/5scope is 13.5S-30S, optimal heat input range is 20-45KJ/cm.
Power type and polarity: prime coat (i.e. bottom) is straight polarity direct current method, packed layer (i.e. intermediate layer) and capping layer (i.e. superficial layer) are DC reverse connection method.
Layer number of channels is five layer of 13 road, that is: bottom one deck one, road, three layer eight, intermediate layer, superficial layer one deck four road, and as shown in drawings, the welding condition in each layer, road is as following table for layering shunting welding sequence:
The test effect of this embodiment:
This method of operating adopts " it " font or slightly zigzag swing manipulation of electrode welding, and wherein angle α is 30-40 °, and angle β is 30-40 °, and the distance h through top, line-spacing molten bath is 1/3-1/2 of whole molten bath H, to realize the covering between molten bath.The welding procedure that width is no more than 5 times of core diameter, thickness is not more than core diameter simultaneously controlling each layer welding bead, can avoid the start depression defect at place, the impact of reduction splashing welding quality, the performance of crystal grain thinning, raising welding point effectively.For verifying the feasibility of this welding technique better, the welding point be welded is done relevant performance test by this process.
Testing result shows: the tensile strength of weld seam detects two groups of samples (GB2651 " welding point stretching test method "), is 650Mpa and 700Mpa; The bending strength of weld seam detects (GB2653 " welding point bending and flattening test method "), and face of choosing is curved, carry on the back curved each two pieces, and angle of bend reaches 180 ° and has no defect; Impact test (GB2650-89 " welding point impact test method, impact specimen opens v-notch ") is got three groups of samples carry out-40 DEG C of tests in weld seam, heat affected area respectively, and average impact merit is respectively 88J, 187J; It is bainite that microcosmic metallographic detects (OLYMPUSPME3) weld seam, and heat affected area is bainite, mother metal is ferrite+pearlite; Hardness (digital display Michael Burawoy hardometer THBRV-187.5D) detects weld seam, heat affected area, mother metal, and ball hardness number is as follows: mother metal mean value 226, heat affected area mean value 213, and weld seam mean value 220 is all qualified; Conclusion is qualified.
Above to invention has been exemplary description; should be noted that; when not departing from core of the present invention, any simple distortion, amendment or other those skilled in the art can not spend the equivalent replacement of creative work all to fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. manual electric arc welding prime coat in a zigzag arc extinguishing method Q460 high-strength steel level fix butt welding of steel tube connect in application, it is characterized in that, controlled rolling Q460 high-strength steel level fixes steel pipe docking manual electric arc welding method, for preventing that the minimum preheat temperature of cold crack is 50 DEG C, t
8/5scope is 13.5S-30S, optimal heat input range is 20-45KJ/cm, and step is as follows:
Step 1, polish metallic luster by within the scope of the groove of test specimen and surperficial both sides 10mm, and it is right then to carry out test specimen assembling group, and bevel angle is 30-35 °, root gap is 3.5-4.5mm, root face is 1.0-1.5mm, unfitness of butt joint is less than 1mm;
Step 2, clock face when test tube side being regarded as, 10 points, the position of 2 position weldering respectively, and tack welding length is 15-20mm;
Step 3, welding process adopts multi-layer multi-pass welding process method to carry out, and described multi-layer multi-pass welding process method comprises backing weld, intermediate layer welding and superficial layer welding, and welding direction is for standing upwards:
Backing weld: adopt manual electric arc welding prime coat arc extinguishing method in a zigzag, electric power polarity is positive connection, and its welding condition is: welding current 120 ± 10A, arc voltage 22 ± 2V, speed of welding 90 ± 10mm/min, thickness in monolayer ≯ 3.2mm;
Intermediate layer welding adopts multi-layer multi-pass welding zigzag to connect arc-welding connection, and electric power polarity is opposition method, and its welding condition is: welding current 150 ± 10A, arc voltage 23 ± 10V, speed of welding 180 ± 20mm/min, each layer thickness ≯ core diameter;
Superficial layer welding adopts welding zigzag in one deck four road to connect arc welding, and electric power polarity is opposition method, and its welding condition is: welding current 150 ± 10A, arc voltage 23 ± 10V, speed of welding 220 ± 20mm/min, each layer thickness ≯ core diameter;
Final weld seam is bainite, and heat affected area is bainite, mother metal is ferrite+pearlite;
In described manual electric arc welding prime coat in a zigzag arc extinguishing method, arcing point is positioned at groove root near root face 2-3mm place, oblique rear along groove face to molten bath after striking is to being gently with electric arc, do to pause rear teeter to groove opposite side, after observing the fusion well of this side slope mouth, to the oblique rear of arcing point to arc extinguishing, welding rod termination running orbit is just as zigzag, specifically, with interface width direction for X-direction, take interface length as Y direction, described Y direction is welding direction, to the oblique rear in molten bath to being gently with electric arc after arcing point striking, its running orbit is 30-40 ° in the projection of XOY plane and the angle α of X-direction, pause so as to be formed and after maintaining molten bath teeter to groove opposite side, in the projection of XOY plane, now the molten bath that a welding is formed is passed in welding rod termination when teeter, distance h through top, line-spacing molten bath is 1/3-1/2 of whole molten bath H, after this side slope mouth fusion to be seen is good, on this side slope mouth, the oblique rear of arcing point is to arc extinguishing, be 30-40 ° in the projection of XOY plane and the angle β of X-direction, like this, identical manipulation of electrode is adopted to complete the welding of whole piece prime coat weld seam, welding process welding rod termination fortune shape track is just as zigzag, the molten bath formed covers 1/3-1/2 of last molten bath along welding direction.
2. manual electric arc welding prime coat according to claim 1 in a zigzag arc extinguishing method Q460 high-strength steel level fix butt welding of steel tube connect in application, it is characterized in that, described backing weld be one deck together; The ground floor in described intermediate layer is twice, welding current 145-160A, arc voltage 21-25V, speed of welding 160-200mm/min, each layer thickness ≯ core diameter; The second layer in described intermediate layer is three roads, welding current 145-160A, arc voltage 21-25V, speed of welding 160-200mm/min, each layer thickness ≯ core diameter; The third layer in described intermediate layer is four roads, welding current 145-160A, arc voltage 21-25V, speed of welding 160-200mm/min, each layer thickness ≯ core diameter; Described superficial layer is one deck four road, welding current 140-155A, arc voltage 21-25V, speed of welding 200-240mm/min, each layer thickness ≯ core diameter.
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| CN102922086B (en) * | 2012-11-21 | 2015-09-23 | 中国能源建设集团天津电力建设有限公司 | Manual electric arc welding prime coat is arc extinguishing method and the application in Q460 high-strength steel docking plate welding thereof in a zigzag |
| CN104209625A (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2014-12-17 | 武汉一冶钢结构有限责任公司 | Q460 steel thick plate welding process |
| CN105583506A (en) * | 2016-03-21 | 2016-05-18 | 上海绿地建设(集团)有限公司 | Welding process for high-performance steel |
| CN106270927A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-01-04 | 中国华冶科工集团有限公司 | Method for welding pipeline |
| CN106312252B (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2018-03-20 | 攀钢集团工程技术有限公司 | Overcome method of the magnetic field to arc magnetic blow |
| CN107262876A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-10-20 | 中国华冶科工集团有限公司 | A kind of plate vertical position welding method |
| CN108480820A (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2018-09-04 | 中国华冶科工集团有限公司 | A kind of plate faces upward a welding method |
| CN110640274B (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2022-03-22 | 中车株洲车辆有限公司 | MAG inverted butt joint single-side welding and double-side forming welding method |
| CN111906414B (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2022-03-01 | 湖南华菱湘潭钢铁有限公司 | Large-gap multilayer stepping argon arc welding back cover repairing method for carbon steel pipeline and container |
| CN111922481B (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2022-04-12 | 石家庄焊晖科技有限公司 | Automatic welding method for large pipeline |
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| CN114160939B (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2023-03-14 | 四川盐业地质钻井大队 | Strip conveying method for manual electric arc welding of pipeline |
| CN115139000B (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2024-02-20 | 中国能源建设集团天津电力建设有限公司 | Jumping return type welding method |
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| JPS6021180A (en) * | 1983-07-14 | 1985-02-02 | Nippon Steel Corp | Welding method with high quality and high efficiency in production of spiral steel pipe |
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| CN102528237B (en) * | 2012-01-18 | 2013-09-04 | 江苏中核利柏特股份有限公司 | Welding process for carbon steel process pipeline |
| CN102922086B (en) * | 2012-11-21 | 2015-09-23 | 中国能源建设集团天津电力建设有限公司 | Manual electric arc welding prime coat is arc extinguishing method and the application in Q460 high-strength steel docking plate welding thereof in a zigzag |
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