CN102922086B - Manual electric arc welding prime coat is arc extinguishing method and the application in Q460 high-strength steel docking plate welding thereof in a zigzag - Google Patents
Manual electric arc welding prime coat is arc extinguishing method and the application in Q460 high-strength steel docking plate welding thereof in a zigzag Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses arc extinguishing method and the application thereof in a zigzag of manual electric arc welding prime coat, in first time arc leading and suppressing process, arcing point is positioned at groove root near root face 2-3mm place, manipulation of electrode is that oblique rear along groove face to molten bath after striking is to being gently with electric arc, pause teeter is to groove opposite side slightly, observe the fusion of this side slope mouth good after, to the oblique rear of arcing point to arc extinguishing, welding rod termination running orbit is just as "the" shape; Whole piece prime coat weld seam all welds by which.Profit carries out the dull and stereotyped weldering of Q460 steel docking in this way afterwards, carry out filling weldering and superficial layer weldering, molten bath can be observed better in welding process, reduce prime coat weld defect, guarantee for banjo fixing butt jointing prime coat welding quality provides the support of operating technology aspect, and this arc-suppressing method effectively can control the shaping of the root of weld and can obtain excellent seam organization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the process utilizing manual electric arc welding to weld butt weld, more particularly, relate to a kind of novel prime coat welding technique and the application in Q460 high-strength steel flat plate butt-welding thereof.
Background technology
When butt weld adopts manual electric arc welding bottoming to weld, what generally adopt is some arc extinguishing methods or 2 arc extinguishing methods, there is following shortcoming in these two kinds of methods: some arc extinguishing methods, and weld seam middle part is pointed in arc burning process welding rod termination, and welding process easily produces root and gives prominence to too high or welded tumour defects; 2 arc extinguishing methods, test specimen root both sides are clicked respectively fast in arc burning process welding rod termination, and to form molten bath, if welding process arc extinguishing frequency is very fast, then molten bath is not easily observed, and easily produces dreg defect, if arc extinguishing frequency is comparatively slow, then easily produces overlap.
Q460 high-strength steel widely uses in the large-scale framework manufactures such as Bird's Nest, UHV transmission steel tower.Within 2009,500 kilovolts of burnt tower lines arise from 500 kilovolts, Jiaozhuo universal love transformer station, terminate in 500 kilovolts, Xinxiang Ta Pu transformer station, 272 steel towers of this line all manufacture with Q460 high-strength steel, compared with conventional steels, steel tower gross weight decreases 9.4%, saving steel 1121 tons altogether, reduces construction investment 8,970,000 yuan, makes engineering unit cost reduce about 2%.Present stage, every profession and trade was to Q460 process for welding high-strength steel major part employing manual electric arc welding method, in welding training and site operation process, there is following problem: it is improper that 1 welding procedure is formulated; 2 welding conditions are unreasonable; 3 weld seams easily produce the weld defects such as cob webbing, welding bead be excessively uneven.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of novel prime coat welding technique is provided, molten bath can be observed better in welding process, reduce the generation of prime coat weld defect, guarantee for banjo fixing butt jointing prime coat welding quality provides the support of operating technology aspect, and this arc-suppressing method effectively can control the shaping of the root of weld and can obtain excellent seam organization.
Technical purpose of the present invention is achieved by following technical proposals:
A kind of prime coat arc-suppressing method of manual electric arc welding, arcing point is positioned at groove root near root face 2-3mm place, oblique rear along groove face to molten bath after striking is to being gently with electric arc, do to pause rear teeter to groove opposite side, after observing the fusion well of this side slope mouth, to the oblique rear of arcing point to arc extinguishing, welding rod termination running orbit is just as "the" shape, specifically, with weld width direction for X-direction, take interface length as Y direction (i.e. welding direction), move shown in accompanying drawing 1 after arcing point striking, its running orbit is 30-40 ° in the projection of XOY plane and the angle α of X-direction, do rear (namely to be formed and the to maintain molten bath) teeter that pauses to groove opposite side, in the projection of XOY plane, now the molten bath that a welding is formed is passed in welding rod termination when teeter, distance h through top, line-spacing molten bath is 1/3-1/2 of whole molten bath H, after this side slope mouth fusion to be seen is good, on this side cut, the oblique rear of arcing point is to (namely compared with welding direction Y direction) arc extinguishing, be 30-40 ° in the projection of XOY plane and the angle β of X-direction.Like this, adopted identical manipulation of electrode to complete the welding of whole piece prime coat weld seam, the arc manipulation track of welding process welding rod termination is similar to " it " font, and the molten bath of formation covers 1/3-1/2 of last molten bath along welding direction (i.e. Y direction).
Backing weld adopts current interruption soldering method, adopts single-point or 2 current interruption methods: some arc extinguishing methods in the past, and weld seam middle part is pointed in arc burning process welding rod termination, and welding process easily produces root and gives prominence to too high or welded tumour defects; 2 arc extinguishing methods, test specimen root both sides are clicked respectively fast in arc burning process welding rod termination, and to form molten bath, if welding process arc extinguishing frequency is very fast, then molten bath is not easily observed, and easily produces dreg defect, if arc extinguishing frequency is comparatively slow, then easily produces overlap.
" it " type of employing arc extinguishing method just can solve above-mentioned shortcoming well.First, in groove side after electric arc is ignited at root 2-3mm place, by welding rod termination along groove face fast to the oblique rear in molten bath to being gently with electric arc, after observing the fusion well of this side slope mouth, move laterally to opposite side groove face place, to arcing point oblique rear arc extinguishing after this groove face dissolves and forms full molten bath, form first molten bath (seat).Welding rod termination can be avoided to oblique rear to arc extinguishing to have melted and the inexcessive molten iron to molten bath pastes on the groove that do not weld, utilize the blowing force of electric arc the slag covering weld pool surface to be blowed to rear simultaneously, more be beneficial to second time striking and be convenient to joint.The groove face side of first time striking can be selected in again the ignite position of electric arc, and also can select the groove face side of first time arc extinguishing, manipulation of electrode is with identical for the first time.Whole piece prime coat weld seam all welds by which, the arc manipulation track of welding process welding rod termination is similar to " it " font, carry out welding in this approach and can observe molten bath more clearly, ensure the uniformity that prime coat root is outstanding, reduce splashing, slag to the impact of welding process, improve welding quality, the blowing force of electric arc can be utilized, the slag covering weld pool surface is blown to the rear in molten bath, be beneficial to the observation in molten bath, be convenient to restarting and joint.
Utilize the arc-suppressing method of above-mentioned manual prime coat to carry out docking plate welding to Q460 high-strength steel, Q460 high-strength steel manual electric arc welding docking flat-sheet welding process is as follows:
1) polish metallic luster by within the scope of the groove of test specimen and surperficial 15mm, it is right then to carry out test specimen assembling group, and bevel angle is 30-35 °, root gap is (2.5-3.2) mm, root face is (0.5-1.0) mm, unfitness of butt joint is less than 1mm;
2) position weldering at test specimen two ends, solder joint length is less than 10mm;
3) welding sequence adopts multi-layer multi-pass welding process method to carry out.
Described multi-layer multi-pass welding process method comprises prime coat welding procedure, packed layer welding procedure and capping layer welding procedure:
1) prime coat welding adopts above-mentioned " it " font arc extinguishing soldering method, electric power polarity is positive connection, and its welding condition is: welding current (110-130) A, arc voltage (20-24) V, speed of welding (125-150) mm/min, the core diameter that individual layer bead thickness is less than core diameter, single track width is less than 5 times.
2) packed layer welding adopts multi-layer multi-pass welding, the every layer of welding all company's of employing arc-welding methods, electric power polarity is opposition method, and its welding condition is: welding current (140-170) A, arc voltage (21-25) V, speed of welding (157-280) mm/min, the core diameter that individual layer bead thickness is less than core diameter, single track width is less than 5 times.
3) welding of capping layer adopts multi-layer multi-pass welding, the welding of capping layer adopts and connects arc-welding method, electric power polarity is opposition method, and its welding condition is: welding current (140-160) A, arc voltage (21-25) V, speed of welding (230-300) mm/min, the core diameter that individual layer bead thickness is less than core diameter, single track width is less than 5 times.
Packed layer welds: adopt individual layer multiple tracks to connect arc welding procedure, short arc welding.The striking of 10mm place is being started apart from weld seam, then electric arc is connected arc welding to weld seam termination, adopt tiltedly circle or taper serration arc manipulation, filling last one deck welding bead should than the low 0.5-1mm in mother metal surface, and centre is slightly as well recessed, during to ensure cosmetic welding, see two lateral edges of groove clearly, make cap weld edge keep straight.
Capping layer welds: adopt individual layer multiple tracks to connect arc welding procedure, short arc welding.First welding speed together with last is slow to outline fast, middle several roads outline, and first is observed molten bath fusing groove lower limb 0.5-1mm and is advisable together with last during welding, welding hourly velocity wants uniformity, makes face of weld height width consistent.Every all to be pressed in together before 1/2 place together, with make welding bead height consistent, be shaped attractive in appearance.
The Q460 high-strength steel manual electric arc welding butt-weld in the downhand position steel plate be welded by this process, appearance forming is attractive in appearance, height is consistent, welding bead is excessively even; Have selected the generation that best heat input reduces the weld defects such as pore, slag inclusion, incomplete fusion, ensure welding quality.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that this method of operating welding rod swings schematic diagram, and in figure, arrow represents welding rod termination running orbit.
Fig. 2 is multi-layer multi-pass welding sequential schematic in this method of operating.
The microcosmic metallographic of Fig. 3 seam organization detects
The microcosmic metallographic of Fig. 4 heat affected area detects
The microcosmic metallographic of Fig. 5 mother metal detects
Detailed description of the invention
Technical scheme of the present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Select the steel plate of two pieces of 300 × 125 × 20mm, material is Q460, polish metallic luster on request by within the scope of groove and surperficial 15mm; Wlding selects E6015-G, and diameter is 3.2mm, 4.0mm, carries out 350 DEG C of oven dry on request, and insulation 2h, is then placed in heat-preservation cylinder, and switches on power, ready access upon use.
Group is to parameter: groove face and central vertical face angle are 30-35 °, and root gap is 2.5-3.2mm, root face is 0.5-1mm, unfitness of butt joint is less than 1mm.After ready, position weldering at the two ends of test specimen, length is 10-15mm, reserved reversible deformation 4-6mm.
Utilize manual arc soldering method, carry out the implant test of common Q 460 steel, judge its cold cracking inclination according to critical fracture toughness size, determine minimum preheat temperature by fracture criterion.
1, test material and method
Common Q 460 angle steel that thickness is 20mm taken from by test material, and welding material used is the CHE607RH welding rod that Sichuan Atlantic China Welding Consumables, Inc. produces." welding latch cold crack test method " that implant test specifies according to GB9446-88 carries out, and latch coupon diameter is 8mm, and nicked form is annular, and notch depth is 1.0mm.Testing equipment is micro-processor controlled five bolt testing machines of follow-on HCL-3MC type, and welding condition is in Table 1-1.
Table 1-1 welding condition
Test under not preheating, preheating 50 DEG C and preheating 75 DEG C of three kinds of conditions respectively.Postwelding is chilled to 150 ~ 200 DEG C of loadings.Change proof stress to test, obtain latch when keeping 16h(not preheating) or 24h(preheating time) constantly maximum stress, i.e. critical fracture toughness σ cr.Critical fracture toughness is determined like this: as the test specimen fracture had under a certain stress value, some test specimens are continuous, then under the stress lower than this stress 20MPa, remake two samples, as all continuous, then determine that the latter is σ cr.
The thermal simulation parameter chosen is: firing rate is 200 DEG C/s, and peak temperature Tp is 1320 DEG C, weld heat input from low to high, corresponding t
8/5be taken as 10s, 20s, 30s and 40s respectively.Thermal simulation equipment is the GLEEBLE2500 thermal simulation machine of DSI company of the U.S..Experimentally data determine t
8/5bound scope, by the calculating of hot input range
For slab, the t of German Iron Steel Institute can be quoted
8/5theoretical empirical formula calculates the hot input range of E():
In formula: η---the relative efficiency of different welding method, get 0.85;
E---heat input, J/cm;
T
0---initial temperature, DEG C;
F3---joint efficiency, gets 1.0.
Q460 high-strength steel is obtained for preventing that the minimum preheat temperature of cold crack is 50 DEG C, t by cool attenuation test
8/5scope is 13.5S-30S, optimal heat input range is 20-45KJ/cm.
Electric power polarity: prime coat is straight polarity direct current method, packed layer and capping layer are DC reverse connection method.
Layer number of channels is 6 layer of 21 road, that is: prime coat 1 layer of 1 road, packed layer 4 layer of 14 road, capping layer 1 layer of 6 road, and as shown in drawings, the welding condition in each layer, road is as following table for layering shunting welding sequence:
Wherein prime coat welding operation method adopts " it " font arc extinguishing method, effectively can control the covering of welding slag to molten bath, be beneficial to the observation in molten bath, effectively reduce the impact of spatter, improve welding quality, wherein angle α is 30-40 °, and angle β is 30-40 °, distance h through top, line-spacing molten bath is 1/3-1/2 of whole molten bath H, to realize the covering between molten bath.For verifying the feasibility of this welding operation method better, the welding point be welded is done relevant performance test by this method of operating.
Testing result shows: the tensile strength of weld seam detects two groups of samples (GB2651 " welding point stretching test method "), is respectively 700Mpa and 680Mpa; The bending strength of weld seam detects (GB2653 " welding point bending and flattening test method "), and face of choosing is curved, carry on the back curved each two pieces, and angle of bend reaches 180 ° and has no defect; Impact test (GB2650-89 " welding point impact test method, impact specimen opens v-notch ") is got three groups of samples at 0 DEG C ,-40 DEG C respectively and is tested, and average impact merit is respectively 126J, 42J; Microcosmic metallographic detects (OLYMPUS PME3) weld seam, heat affected area is ferrite+bainite, and mother metal is ferrite+pearlite; Hardness determination (digital display Michael Burawoy hardometer: THBRV-187.5D) weld seam, heat affected area, mother metal, ball hardness number is as follows: mother metal mean value is 219, and heat affected area is 237, and weld seam is 199, and all qualified, conclusion is qualified.
Above to invention has been exemplary description; should be noted that; when not departing from core of the present invention, any simple distortion, amendment or other those skilled in the art can not spend the equivalent replacement of creative work all to fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the prime coat arc-suppressing method of a manual electric arc welding, it is characterized in that, arcing point is positioned at groove root near root face 2-3mm place, oblique rear along groove face to molten bath after striking is to being gently with electric arc, do to pause rear teeter to groove opposite side, after observing the fusion well of this side slope mouth, to the oblique rear of arcing point to arc extinguishing, welding rod termination running orbit is just as zigzag, specifically, with interface width direction for X-direction, take interface length as Y direction, described Y direction is welding direction, oblique rear along groove face to molten bath after arcing point striking is to being gently with electric arc, its running orbit is 30-40 ° in the projection of XOY plane and the angle α of X-direction, to do after pausing so as to be formed and after maintaining molten bath teeter to groove opposite side, in the projection of XOY plane, now the molten bath that a welding is formed is passed in welding rod termination when teeter, distance h through top, line-spacing molten bath is 1/3-1/2 of whole molten bath H, after this side slope mouth fusion to be seen is good, on this side slope mouth, the oblique rear of arcing point is to arc extinguishing, namely compared with welding direction Y direction, be 30-40 ° in the projection of XOY plane and the angle β of X-direction, like this, identical manipulation of electrode is adopted to complete the welding of whole piece prime coat weld seam, welding process welding rod termination running orbit is just as zigzag, the molten bath formed covers 1/3-1/2 of last molten bath along welding direction.
2. the prime coat arc-suppressing method of manual electric arc welding as claimed in claim 1 carries out docking the application in plate welding at Q460 high-strength steel, it is characterized in that, in Q460 high-strength steel manual electric arc welding docking plate welding, for preventing that the minimum preheat temperature of cold crack is 50 DEG C, t
8/5scope is 13.5S-30S, optimal heat input range is 20-45KJ/cm, and technique is as follows:
Step 1, polish metallic luster by within the scope of the groove of test specimen and surperficial 15mm, and it is right then to carry out test specimen assembling group, and bevel angle is 30-35 °, root gap is 2.5-3.2mm, root face is 0.5-1.0mm, unfitness of butt joint is less than 1mm;
Step 2, positions weldering at test specimen two ends, and solder joint length is less than 10mm;
Step 3, welding sequence adopts multi-layer multi-pass welding process method to carry out, and described multi-layer multi-pass welding process method comprises
Prime coat welding procedure, packed layer welding procedure and capping layer welding procedure:
(1) prime coat welding adopts the prime coat arc-suppressing method of manual electric arc welding as claimed in claim 1, electric power polarity is positive connection, and its welding condition is: welding current 110-130A, arc voltage 20-24V, speed of welding 125-150mm/min, individual layer bead thickness is less than core diameter, single track width is less than 5 times core diameter;
(2) packed layer welding adopts multi-layer multi-pass welding, the every layer of welding all company's of employing arc-welding methods, electric power polarity is opposition method, and its welding condition is: welding current 140-170A, arc voltage 21-25V, speed of welding 157-280mm/min, individual layer bead thickness is less than core diameter, single track width is less than 5 times core diameter;
(3) capping layer welding employing 1 layer of 6 road welding, the welding of capping layer adopts and connects arc-welding method, electric power polarity is opposition method, and its welding condition is: welding current 140-160A, arc voltage 21-25V, speed of welding 230-300mm/min, individual layer bead thickness is less than core diameter, single track width is less than 5 times core diameter;
Final weld seam, heat affected area are ferrite and bainite, and mother metal is ferrite and pearlite.
3. the prime coat arc-suppressing method of manual electric arc welding according to claim 2 carries out docking the application in plate welding at Q460 high-strength steel, and it is characterized in that, described prime coat is 1 layer of 1 road, and described packed layer is 4 layer of 14 road, and described capping layer is 1 layer of 6 road;
The ground floor of described packed layer is twice, welding current 140-170A, arc voltage 21-25V, speed of welding 157-200mm/min, individual layer bead thickness is less than core diameter, single track width is less than 5 times core diameter;
The second layer of described packed layer is three roads, welding current 140-170A, arc voltage 21-25V, speed of welding 200-280mm/min, individual layer bead thickness is less than core diameter, single track width is less than 5 times core diameter;
The third layer of described packed layer is four roads, welding current 140-170A, arc voltage 21-25V, speed of welding 200-280mm/min, individual layer bead thickness is less than core diameter, single track width is less than 5 times core diameter;
4th Ceng Wei five road of described packed layer, welding current 140-170A, arc voltage 21-25V, speed of welding 200-280mm/min, individual layer bead thickness is less than core diameter, single track width is less than 5 times core diameter.
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| CN102922085B (en) * | 2012-11-21 | 2015-09-23 | 中国能源建设集团天津电力建设有限公司 | Manual electric arc welding prime coat is the application of arc extinguishing method in Q460 steel-pipe welding in a zigzag |
| CN104139228A (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2014-11-12 | 中国核工业二四建设有限公司 | Thick steel plate welding process |
| CN104708170A (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2015-06-17 | 江苏鸿光杆塔有限公司 | Q460C steel welding process |
| CN110039255A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-07-23 | 上海外高桥造船有限公司 | Cast iron pump body repairs welding method |
| CN110170722B (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2021-06-11 | 上海外高桥造船有限公司 | Method for welding weld joint |
| CN113210798B (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2023-01-10 | 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 | Small-leg single-pass fillet welding method |
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