CN102922086A - Manual arc welding bottoming layer Z-shaped arc extinction method and application thereof in Q460 high-strength steel butt-joint flat plate welding - Google Patents
Manual arc welding bottoming layer Z-shaped arc extinction method and application thereof in Q460 high-strength steel butt-joint flat plate welding Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a manual arc welding bottoming layer Z-shaped arc extinction method and application of the manual arc welding bottoming layer Z-shaped arc extinction method. In a first arc striking and extinguishing process, an arcing point is located at a position of a root part of a groove 2 to 3mm close to a truncated edge, an electric arc is lightly led to an oblique rear part of a fusing tank along the groove after being struck and then transversely swung to the other side of the groove after a pause, act extinction is carried out towards the oblique rear part of an arcing point after fusing of the groove at the side is good through observation, and a running track of an end of a welding rod is Z-shaped. A welding seam of an entire bottoming layer is welded according to the method. After that, Q460 steel butt-joint flat plate welding is carried out according to the method; fill welding and surface layer welding are carried out; as the fusing tank can be well observed in a welding process, welding defects of the bottoming layer can be reduced and technical support is provided to ensure welding quality of the bottoming layer of a butt joint. With the adoption of the arc extinction method, shaping of the root part of the welding seam can be effectively controlled and a good welding seam structure can be obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to utilize the process of manual electric arc welding welding butt weld, more particularly, relate to a kind of novel prime coat welding technique and the application in Q460 high-strength steel flat plate butt-welding thereof.
Background technology
When manual electric arc welding bottoming welding is adopted in butt weld, what generally adopt is some arc extinguishing methods or 2 arc extinguishing methods, there is following shortcoming in these two kinds of methods: some arc extinguishing methods, and the weld seam middle part is pointed in arc burning process welding rod termination, and welding process easily produces the outstanding too high or overlap defective of root; 2 arc extinguishing methods, arc burning process welding rod termination are clicked respectively test specimen root both sides fast, and to form the molten bath, if welding process arc extinguishing frequency is very fast, then the molten bath is difficult for observing, and easily produces dreg defect, if the arc extinguishing frequency is slower, then easily produces overlap.
The Q460 high-strength steel is widely used in the large-scale framework manufacturings such as Bird's Nest, UHV transmission steel tower.500 kilovolts of burnt tower lines arised from the 500 kilovolts of universal love transformer stations in Jiaozhuo in 2009, terminate in the 500 kilovolts of towers in Xinxiang and spread transformer station, 272 steel towers of this line are all made with the Q460 high-strength steel, compare with conventional steel, the steel tower gross weight has reduced 9.4%, saving steel is 1121 tons altogether, reduces 8,970,000 yuan of construction investments, makes the engineering unit cost reduce about 2%.Present stage, every profession and trade adopted manual electric arc welding method to Q460 process for welding high-strength steel major part, and in welding training and site operation process, have following problem: it is improper that 1 welding procedure is formulated; 2 welding conditions are unreasonable; 3 weld seams easily produce the weld defects such as cob webbing, welding bead be excessively inhomogeneous.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of novel prime coat welding technique is provided, can observe better the molten bath in the welding process, reduce the generation of prime coat weld defect, for the assurance of banjo fixing butt jointing prime coat welding quality provides the support of operating technology aspect, this arc-suppressing method can effectively control the shaping of the root of weld and can obtain good seam organization.
Technical purpose of the present invention is achieved by following technical proposals:
A kind of prime coat arc-suppressing method of manual electric arc welding, arcing point is positioned at the groove root near root face 2-3mm place, oblique rear along groove face to the molten bath after striking is to light band electric arc, teeter is to the groove opposite side after doing to pause, after observing this side slope mouth fusion well, to the oblique rear of arcing point to arc extinguishing, welding rod termination running orbit is just as "the" shape, specifically, take the weld width direction as X-direction, take interface length as Y direction (being welding direction), after the arcing point striking, shown in accompanying drawing 1, move, its running orbit is 30-40 ° in the projection of XOY plane and the angle α of X-direction, do rear (namely in order to form and the keep the molten bath) teeter that pauses to the groove opposite side, projection at XOY plane, this moment, the molten bath that a welding forms was passed in the welding rod termination when teeter, the distance h of passing top, line-spacing molten bath is 1/3-1/2 of whole molten bath H, after this side slope mouth fusion to be seen is good, the oblique rear of arcing point is 30-40 ° to (namely comparing with the welding direction Y direction) arc extinguishing in the projection of XOY plane and the angle β of X-direction on this side cut.Like this, adopted identical manipulation of electrode to finish the welding of whole piece prime coat weld seam, the arc manipulation track of welding process welding rod termination is similar to " it " font, and the molten bath of formation covers 1/3-1/2 of last molten bath along welding direction (being Y direction).
The current interruption soldering method is adopted in the bottom welding, adopts single-point or 2 current interruption methods in the past: some arc extinguishing methods, and the weld seam middle part is pointed in arc burning process welding rod termination, and welding process easily produces the outstanding too high or overlap defective of root; 2 arc extinguishing methods, arc burning process welding rod termination are clicked respectively test specimen root both sides fast, and to form the molten bath, if welding process arc extinguishing frequency is very fast, then the molten bath is difficult for observing, and easily produces dreg defect, if the arc extinguishing frequency is slower, then easily produces overlap.
" it " type of employing arc extinguishing method just can solve above-mentioned shortcoming well.At first, groove one side is ignited electric arc near root 2-3mm place after, with the welding rod termination along groove face fast to the oblique rear in molten bath to light band electric arc, after observing this side slope mouth fusion well, move laterally to opposite side groove face place, treat that this groove face dissolves and forms the oblique rear of backward arcing point, full molten bath arc extinguishing, forms first molten bath (seat).Can avoid the welding rod termination to melt to oblique rear to arc extinguishing and excessively paste on the groove of not welding to the molten iron in molten bath, the slag that utilizes simultaneously the power of blowing of electric arc will cover weld pool surface blows to the rear, more is beneficial to for the second time striking and is convenient to joint.The groove face side of for the first time striking can be selected in again the ignite position of electric arc, also can select for the first time groove face side of arc extinguishing, and manipulation of electrode is identical with the first time.Whole piece prime coat weld seam all welds by this mode, the arc manipulation track of welding process welding rod termination is similar to " it " font, weld with the method and can observe more clearly the molten bath, ensure the uniformity that the prime coat root is outstanding, reduce to splash, slag is on the impact of welding process, improves welding quality, can utilize the power of blowing of electric arc, the slag that covers weld pool surface is blown to the rear in molten bath, be beneficial to the observation in molten bath, be convenient to restarting and joint.
Utilize the arc-suppressing method of above-mentioned manual prime coat that the Q460 high-strength steel is docked plate welding, Q460 high-strength steel manual electric arc welding docking plate welding technique is as follows:
1) will polish metallic luster in the groove of test specimen and the surperficial 15mm scope, then carry out test specimen assembled group pair, bevel angle is that 30-35 °, root gap are that (2.5-3.2) mm, root face are that (0.5-1.0) mm, unfitness of butt joint are less than 1mm;
2) position weldering at the test specimen two ends, solder joint length is less than 10mm;
3) welding sequence adopts the multi-layer multi-pass welding process method to carry out.
Described multi-layer multi-pass welding process method comprises prime coat welding procedure, packed layer welding procedure and capping layer welding procedure:
1) above-mentioned " it " font arc extinguishing soldering method is adopted in the prime coat welding, electric power polarity is positive connection, and its welding condition is: welding current (110-130) A, arc voltage (20-24) V, speed of welding (125-150) mm/min, individual layer bead thickness are less than core diameter, the single track width core diameter less than 5 times.
2) multi-layer multi-pass welding is adopted in the packed layer welding, every layer of welding be the company's of employing arc-welding method all, electric power polarity is opposition method, and its welding condition is: welding current (140-170) A, arc voltage (21-25) V, speed of welding (157-280) mm/min, individual layer bead thickness are less than core diameter, the single track width core diameter less than 5 times.
3) multi-layer multi-pass welding is adopted in the welding of capping layer, the welding of capping layer adopted and connected the arc-welding method, electric power polarity is opposition method, and its welding condition is: welding current (140-160) A, arc voltage (21-25) V, speed of welding (230-300) mm/min, individual layer bead thickness are less than core diameter, the single track width core diameter less than 5 times.
Packed layer welding: adopt the individual layer multiple tracks to connect arc welding procedure, the short arc welding.In distance weld seam beginning 10mm place's striking, then electric arc is connected arc and weld the weld seam termination, adopt tiltedly circle or taper serration arc manipulation, filling last one deck welding bead should be than the low 0.5-1mm in mother metal surface, and the centre is slightly recessed for well, during with the assurance cosmetic welding, see two lateral edges of groove clearly, make the cap weld edge keep straight.
Capping layer welding: adopt the individual layer multiple tracks to connect arc welding procedure, the short arc welding.First is with welding speed is slow to fast, the middle several roads of outline outline at last, first and observe molten bath fusing groove lower limb 0.5-1mm when welding at last and be advisable, and speed is wanted uniformity during welding, and just width is consistent to make face of weld.One 1/2 place before whenever all will being pressed in together is so that the welding bead height is consistent, shaping is attractive in appearance.
By the Q460 high-strength steel manual electric arc welding butt-weld in the downhand position steel plate that this process is welded, appearance forming is attractive in appearance, height is consistent, welding bead is excessively even; Select best heat input to reduce the generation of the weld defects such as pore, slag inclusion, incomplete fusion, ensured welding quality.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that this method of operating welding rod swings schematic diagram, and arrow represents welding rod termination running orbit among the figure.
Fig. 2 is multi-layer multi-pass welding sequential schematic in this method of operating.
The microcosmic metallographic of Fig. 3 seam organization detects
The microcosmic metallographic of Fig. 4 heat affected area detects
The microcosmic metallographic of Fig. 5 mother metal detects
The specific embodiment
Further specify technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Select the steel plate of two 300 * 125 * 20mm, material is Q460, will polish metallic luster in groove and the surperficial 15mm scope on request; Wlding is selected E6015-G, and diameter is 3.2mm, 4.0mm, carries out on request 350 ℃ of oven dry, and then insulation 2h places in the heat-preservation cylinder, and plugged, ready access upon use.
Group is to parameter: groove face and central vertical face angle are 30-35 °, and root gap is that 2.5-3.2mm, root face are that 0.5-1mm, unfitness of butt joint are less than 1mm.After ready, position weldering at the two ends of test specimen, length is 10-15mm, reserves reversible deformation 4-6mm.
Utilize the manual arc soldering method, carry out common Q 460 steel implant tests, judge its cold cracking inclination according to critical fracture strength size, determine minimum preheat temperature by fracture criterion.
1, test material and method
Test is taken from common Q 460 angle steel that thickness is 20mm with material, and used welding material is the CHE607RH welding rod that Sichuan Atlantic China Welding Consumables, Inc. produces.Implant test is carried out according to " the welding with latch cold crack test method " of GB9446-88 regulation, and latch coupon diameter is 8mm, and the breach form is annular, and notch depth is 1.0mm.Testing equipment is micro-processor controlled five bolt testing machines of follow-on HCL-3MC type, and welding condition sees Table 1-1.
Table 1-1 welding condition
Under not preheating, 50 ℃ of preheatings and 75 ℃ of three kinds of conditions of preheating, test respectively.Postwelding is chilled to 150～200 ℃ of loadings.Change proof stress and test, when obtaining latch and keeping not preheating of 16h() or during the 24h(preheating) constantly maximum stress, i.e. critical fracture strength σ cr.Critical fracture strength is to determine like this: such as the test specimen fracture that has under a certain stress value, the test specimen that has is continuous, then remakes two samples under the stress that is lower than this stress 20MPa, as all continuous, determines that then the latter is σ cr.
The thermal simulation parameter of choosing is: firing rate is 200 ℃/s, and peak temperature Tp is 1320 ℃, weld heat input from low to high, corresponding t
8/5Be taken as respectively 10s, 20s, 30s and 40s.Thermal simulation equipment is the GLEEBLE2500 thermal simulation machine of U.S. DSI company.Determine t according to experimental data
8/5The bound scope, by the calculating of hot input range
For slab, can quote the t of German Iron Steel Institute
8/5Theoretical empirical equation is calculated the hot input range of E():
In the formula: η---the relative efficiency of different welding methods, get 0.85;
E---heat input, J/cm;
T
0---initial temperature, ℃;
F3---joint efficiency gets 1.0.
Obtain the Q460 high-strength steel for preventing that the minimum preheat temperature of cold crack is 50 ℃, t by the cold crack sensitivity tests
8/5Scope is that 13.5S-30S, optimal heat input range are 20-45KJ/cm.
Electric power polarity: prime coat is the straight polarity direct current method, and packed layer and capping layer are the dc reverse connection method.
Layer road number is 6 layer of 21 road, that is: 1 layer of 1 road of prime coat, 4 layer of 14 road of packed layer, 1 layer of 6 road of capping layer, layering shunting welding sequence as shown in drawings, the welding condition in each layer, road such as following table:
Wherein prime coat welding operation method adopts " it " font arc extinguishing method, can effectively control welding slag to the covering in molten bath, be beneficial to the observation in molten bath, effectively reduce the impact of spatter, improve welding quality, wherein angle α is 30-40 °, and angle β is 30-40 °, the distance h of passing top, line-spacing molten bath is 1/3-1/2 of whole molten bath H, to realize the covering between the molten bath.For verifying better the feasibility of this welding operation method, will do relevant performance test by the welding point that this method of operating is welded.
Testing result shows: the tensile strength of weld seam detects two groups of samples (GB2651 " welding point stretching test method "), is respectively 700Mpa and 680Mpa; The bending strength of weld seam detects (GB2653 " welding point bending and flattening test method "), and the face of choosing is curved, curved each two of the back of the body, and angle of bend reaches 180 ° and has no defective; Impact test (GB2650-89 " welding point impact test method, impact specimen is opened v-notch ") is got three groups of samples at 0 ℃ ,-40 ℃ respectively and is tested, and average ballistic work is respectively 126J, 42J; The microcosmic metallographic detects (OLYMPUS PME3) weld seam, the heat affected area is ferrite+bainite, and mother metal is ferrite+pearlite; The hardness detection (digital display Michael Burawoy hardometer: THBRV-187.5D) weld seam, heat affected area, mother metal, ball hardness number is as follows: mother metal mean value is 219, and the heat affected area is 237, and weld seam is 199, and all qualified, conclusion is qualified.
More than the present invention has been done exemplary description; should be noted that; in the situation that does not break away from core of the present invention, the replacement that is equal to that any simple distortion, modification or other those skilled in the art can not spend creative work all falls into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the prime coat arc-suppressing method of a manual electric arc welding, it is characterized in that, arcing point is positioned at the groove root near root face 2-3mm place, oblique rear along groove face to the molten bath after striking is to light band electric arc, teeter is to the groove opposite side after doing to pause, observe the fusion of this side slope mouth good after, to the oblique rear of arcing point to arc extinguishing, welding rod termination running orbit is just as "the" shape.
2. the prime coat arc-suppressing method of a kind of manual electric arc welding according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, specifically, take the weld width direction as X-direction, take interface length as Y direction (being welding direction), oblique rear along groove face to the molten bath after the arcing point striking is to light band electric arc, its running orbit is 30-40 ° in the projection of XOY plane and the angle α of X-direction, do and pause rear so that teeter is to the groove opposite side after forming and keep the molten bath, projection at XOY plane, this moment, the molten bath that a welding forms was passed in the welding rod termination when teeter, the distance h of passing top, line-spacing molten bath is 1/3-1/2 of whole molten bath H, after this side slope mouth fusion to be seen is good, the oblique rear of arcing point is 30-40 ° to (namely comparing with the welding direction Y direction) arc extinguishing in the projection of XOY plane and the angle β of X-direction on this side cut.Like this, adopted identical manipulation of electrode to finish the welding of whole piece prime coat weld seam, the arc manipulation track of welding process welding rod termination is similar to " it " font, and the molten bath of formation covers 1/3-1/2 of last molten bath along welding direction (being Y direction).
3. utilize the prime coat arc-suppressing method such as claim 1 or 2 described manual electric arc weldings that the Q460 high-strength steel is docked plate welding, it is characterized in that, in the Q460 high-strength steel manual electric arc welding docking plate welding, be 50 ℃, t for preventing the minimum preheat temperature of cold crack
8/5Scope is that 13.5S-30S, optimal heat input range are 20-45KJ/cm, and technique is as follows:
1) will polish metallic luster in the groove of test specimen and the surperficial 15mm scope, then carry out test specimen assembled group pair, bevel angle is that 30-35 °, root gap are that (2.5-3.2) mm, root face are that (0.5-1.0) mm, unfitness of butt joint are less than 1mm;
2) position weldering at the test specimen two ends, solder joint length is less than 10mm;
3) welding sequence adopts the multi-layer multi-pass welding process method to carry out, and described multi-layer multi-pass welding process method comprises prime coat welding procedure, packed layer welding procedure and capping layer welding procedure:
1) above-mentioned " it " font arc extinguishing soldering method is adopted in the prime coat welding, electric power polarity is positive connection, and its welding condition is: welding current (110-130) A, arc voltage (20-24) V, speed of welding (125-150) mm/min, individual layer bead thickness are less than core diameter, the single track width core diameter less than 5 times
2) multi-layer multi-pass welding is adopted in the packed layer welding, every layer of welding be the company's of employing arc-welding method all, electric power polarity is opposition method, and its welding condition is: welding current (140-170) A, arc voltage (21-25) V, speed of welding (157-280) mm/min, individual layer bead thickness are less than core diameter, the single track width core diameter less than 5 times
3) multi-layer multi-pass welding is adopted in the welding of capping layer, the welding of capping layer adopted and connected the arc-welding method, electric power polarity is opposition method, and its welding condition is: welding current (140-160) A, arc voltage (21-25) V, speed of welding (230-300) mm/min, individual layer bead thickness are less than core diameter, the single track width core diameter less than 5 times
Final weld seam, heat affected area are ferrite and bainite, and mother metal is ferrite and pearlite.
4. the prime coat arc-suppressing method of manual electric arc welding that utilizes according to claim 3 docks plate welding to the Q460 high-strength steel, it is characterized in that, described prime coat is 1 layer of 1 road, and described packed layer is 4 layer of 14 road, and described capping layer is 1 layer of 6 road
The ground floor of described packed layer is twice, and welding current (140-170) A, arc voltage (21-25) V, speed of welding (157-200) mm/min, individual layer bead thickness are less than core diameter, the single track width core diameter less than 5 times
The second layer of described packed layer is three roads, and welding current (140-170) A, arc voltage (21-25) V, speed of welding (200-280) mm/min, individual layer bead thickness are less than core diameter, the single track width core diameter less than 5 times
The 3rd layer of described packed layer is four roads, and welding current (140-170) A, arc voltage (21-25) V, speed of welding (200-280) mm/min, individual layer bead thickness are less than core diameter, the single track width core diameter less than 5 times
The 4th layer of described packed layer is five roads, and welding current (140-170) A, arc voltage (21-25) V, speed of welding (200-280) mm/min, individual layer bead thickness are less than core diameter, the single track width core diameter less than 5 times.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN102922085A (en) * | 2012-11-21 | 2013-02-13 | 中国能源建设集团天津电力建设公司 | Manual arc welding bottoming layer Z-shaped arc extinction method and application thereof in Q460 high-strength steel horizontally-fixed steel pipe butt welding |
| CN104139228A (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2014-11-12 | 中国核工业二四建设有限公司 | Thick steel plate welding process |
| CN104708170A (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2015-06-17 | 江苏鸿光杆塔有限公司 | Q460C steel welding process |
| CN110039255A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-07-23 | 上海外高桥造船有限公司 | Cast iron pump body repairs welding method |
| CN110170722A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-08-27 | 上海外高桥造船有限公司 | The welding method of welding line joint |
| CN113210798A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-08-06 | 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 | Small-leg single-pass fillet welding method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102922085A (en) * | 2012-11-21 | 2013-02-13 | 中国能源建设集团天津电力建设公司 | Manual arc welding bottoming layer Z-shaped arc extinction method and application thereof in Q460 high-strength steel horizontally-fixed steel pipe butt welding |
| CN104139228A (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2014-11-12 | 中国核工业二四建设有限公司 | Thick steel plate welding process |
| CN104708170A (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2015-06-17 | 江苏鸿光杆塔有限公司 | Q460C steel welding process |
| CN110039255A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-07-23 | 上海外高桥造船有限公司 | Cast iron pump body repairs welding method |
| CN110170722A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-08-27 | 上海外高桥造船有限公司 | The welding method of welding line joint |
| CN110170722B (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2021-06-11 | 上海外高桥造船有限公司 | Method for welding weld joint |
| CN113210798A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-08-06 | 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 | Small-leg single-pass fillet welding method |
| CN113210798B (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2023-01-10 | 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 | Small-leg single-pass fillet welding method |
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