CN107378195A - A kind of large-scale double-layer barrel one side welding with back formation welding method of nuclear power station - Google Patents
A kind of large-scale double-layer barrel one side welding with back formation welding method of nuclear power station Download PDFInfo
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- CN107378195A CN107378195A CN201710778764.7A CN201710778764A CN107378195A CN 107378195 A CN107378195 A CN 107378195A CN 201710778764 A CN201710778764 A CN 201710778764A CN 107378195 A CN107378195 A CN 107378195A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/02—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/0026—Arc welding or cutting specially adapted for particular articles or work
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
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- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
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- Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of large-scale double-layer barrel one side welding with back formation welding method of nuclear power station.Using gas metal-arc welding, using appropriate bevel angle and welding condition, backing run uses semiautomatic welding, and filling and final pass use automatic welding, realize one side welding with back formation efficient welding.The welding method of the present invention is protective gas using rich argon mixture gas; bottoming welding uses less current parameters; the transient mode for controlling molten drop is short circuiting transfer+spray transfer, while welding gun is swung during bottoming welding and the short stay at root face, guarantee penetrate.The filling of welding method of the present invention and final pass droplet transfer mode are pulsed spray transfer, can effectively improve welding efficiency and reduce thermal weld stress, reduce welding deformation amount.The welding method of the present invention is suitable to Site Welding, larger to unfitness of butt joint or gap in weldment part group and still ensure that welding quality stable in the case of can not adjusting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of large-scale double-layer barrel one side welding with back formation welding method of nuclear power station, belong to nuclear power station steel knot
Structure welding technology field.
Background technology
Large-scale advanced pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant CAP1400 nuclear power plant reactors factory building is double layer security shell structure, and inner casing is steel
Containment CV processed, shell are concrete structure and the barrier shield of SC structure compositions.The SC structures of barrier shield are double-layer barrel structure,
Distance is about 1.1m, outer radius 23.985m, inside radius 22.885m between ectonexine cylinder, total height about 50m, at different level
Steel plate thickness is respectively 20,25,40mm, steel plate material Q345B, SC construction joint total length is about 2800m, including transverse joint and
Vertical seam.Due to being disposed with the annexes such as anchor bar and anchor studs between ectonexine cylinder, personnel are carried out between cannot be introduced into cylinder
Weld job, therefore one side welding with back formation weld job can only be carried out in outside, design document requires that SC structures carry out fine melt
Welding thoroughly, and carry out the ultrasound detection of 100% visual detection and ratio not less than 20%.SC structure weldings there is no precedent at present.
The welding method of single face welding and double face shaping mainly has manual electric arc welding and argon tungsten-arc welding at present.Manual electric arc welding is real
Existing one side welding with back formation is very high to the skill set requirements of welder, and welding efficiency is relatively low；Tig Welding efficiency
It is relatively low, and argon tungsten-arc welding butt-welding fitting group is to requiring very high, patent of invention《Slab docking efficient combined-type automatic TIG welding connects
Technique》(application publication number CN 106378516A) discloses a kind of slab docking efficient combined-type automatic TIG welding and connects technique, should
Welding process requirement group is to 0~2mm of gap, 0~2mm of unfitness of butt joint, but during large-size cylinder body structure site operation, often
Occur that local group exceeds the situation of above range to gap and unfitness of butt joint, therefore above-mentioned group can not be met to requiring.
Patent of invention《A kind of slab one side welding method》(application publication number CN 105643066A) discloses a kind of slab
One side welding method, the groove that the welding method is opened up include the first groove and the second groove, and retaining wall on slope is more complicated, and
And need to carry out multiplewire submerged arc welding in groove laying solder flux, transverse joint and vertical welding for nuclear power station tube structure need to use
Special equipment protects solder flux, adds cost.Patent of invention《A kind of cut deal docks single track one side welding with back formation efficient welding
Method》(Authorization Notice No. CN 103551711B) provides a kind of cut deal docking single track one side welding with back formation efficient welding
Method, but the welding method needs the bottoming of twin arc composite heat power supply, it is necessary to which more welding machines and multiple welding guns, cause welding machine electric power line
It is various, add nuclear power station scene complex situations.Patent of invention《Fully automatic molten electrode argon-rich mixed gas weldering single welding is double
Face shapes method of priming》(application publication number CN 104096957A) discloses a kind of fully automatic molten electrode rich argon mixture gas and protected
One side welding with back formation method of priming is protected, this method is welded using welding robot, and equipment cost is higher, and robot
Welding method butt-welding fitting group requires very high to gap and group to unfitness of butt joint, nothing occurs for nuclear power station large-size cylinder body structure partial
The larger gap and unfitness of butt joint situation of method adjustment then cannot be guaranteed welding quality.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to it is directed to the above-mentioned state of the art, there is provided a kind of large-scale double-layer barrel single welding of nuclear power station is double
Face forming welding method, the welding method welding efficiency is high, and cost is relatively low, and welding groove is easy to process, and postwelding steel plate deformed is small,
Welding quality is also can guarantee that in the case of the larger gap and unfitness of butt joint that occur adjusting at the construction field (site).
For achieving the above object, technical scheme provided by the invention is：
A kind of large-scale double-layer barrel one side welding with back formation welding method of nuclear power station, due to the double-layer barrel inner space
It is limited and two-sided welding can not be carried out, the weld seam on the cylinder includes the transverse joint of docking and stood to stitch, it is characterised in that using inverse
Variant dc source gas shielded welding machine is welded, and protective gas is rich argon mixture gas, and backing welding uses semiautomatic welding, is melted
Drop transient mode is short circuiting transfer+spray transfer, and welding gun is swung and the short stay at root face；Filling weldering and cosmetic welding are adopted
With automatic welding, droplet transfer mode is pulsed spray transfer.
The present invention chooses gas metal-arc welding (MAG welderings), and MAG welderings are easily achieved one side welding with back formation, and weld
Efficiency high；Welding protection gas selects the rich argon mixture gas of the carbon dioxide of 82% argon gas+18% (percentage is volume ratio),
The cost of the gas is lower than argon gas+helium+carbon dioxide gas mixture, and appearance of weld is attractive in appearance, and weld penetration is deeper, and welding flies
Splash obvious reduction when being welded than pure carbon dioxide gas；Welding method backing run of the present invention uses semiautomatic welding, to control list
Two-sides forming welding quality is welded in face, and filling and final pass then use automatic welding, to improve welding efficiency.
For the transverse joint welded needed for nuclear power station large-size cylinder body structure and vertical seam, it is as follows to design weld groove：
Using V-butt, wherein transverse joint bevel angle is 45 ± 5 °, and top steel plate bevel angle is 35 ± 2.5 °, bottom
Divided edge of steel plate angle is 10 ± 2.5 °, and group is 3~7mm to gap, and root face is 0~2mm；Vertical seam bevel angle is 50 ± 5 °, group
To both sides divided edge of steel plate angle be 25 ± 2.5 °, group is 3~7mm to gap, and root face is 0~2mm.Bevel angle is less than normal then
Torch swinging is limited, and back-welding shape is difficult, and bevel angle is excessive, needs to consume more wlding.When group is less than 3mm to gap,
Then easily produce lack of penetration phenomenon.
The weld procedure specification that welding method of the present invention uses for：
Source of welding current polarity is DC reverse connection, and shield gas flow rate is 18~25L/min, gage of wire 1.2mm, welding wire
Stem elongation is 15~20mm；
The welding current of transverse joint backing welding is 95~140A, and weldingvoltage is 15~20V, and speed of welding is 9~14cm/
Min, torch swinging amplitude are 3~5mm, and swing speed is 260~300cm/min, and the residence time is 0.2~0.4s at root face；
Welding gun is not swung when transverse joint filling weldering and cosmetic welding.The welding current of transverse joint filling weldering is 200~280A, welding electricity
It is 36~50cm/min to press as 24~28V, speed of welding；The welding current of transverse joint cosmetic welding is 190~260A, and weldingvoltage is
23~27V, speed of welding are 56~80cm/min；
The welding current of vertical seam backing welding is 90~130A, and weldingvoltage is 15~20V, and speed of welding is 8~15cm/
Min, torch swinging amplitude are 4~6mm, and swing speed is 200~240cm/min, and the residence time is 0.2~0.4s at root face；
The welding current of vertical seam filling weldering is 110~140A, and weldingvoltage is 18~25V, and speed of welding is 5~8cm/
Min, torch swinging amplitude are 9~17mm, and swing speed is 260~350cm/min, the groove side-walls residence time is 0.3~
0.6s；The welding current of vertical seam cosmetic welding is 91~124A, and weldingvoltage is 18~25V, and speed of welding is 5~7cm/min, weldering
Rifle amplitude of fluctuation is 19~30mm, and swing speed is 260~350cm/min, and the groove side-walls residence time is 0.3~0.6s.
The bottoming welding of welding method of the present invention uses thin welding wire+low current, to slow down plasma jet power and high speed molten drop
To the impulsive force of molten bath bottom, burn-through is avoided.Simultaneously as when bottoming is welded, high temperature fluent metal is in vacant state, passes through
Torch swinging and the short stay at root face, molten drop is set to be advantageous to joint penetration to transition at root face.Filling weldering and cosmetic welding are adopted
With automatic welding, droplet transfer mode is pulsed spray transfer, reduces thermal weld stress while being favorably improved welding efficiency, from
And reduce steel plate deformed amount.
During welding method backing welding of the present invention, droplet transfer mode is short circuiting transfer+spray transfer, using this molten drop mistake
The weld seam that the mode of crossing obtains is more deeper than the fusion penetration of pure short circuiting transfer, avoids in the case where welding seam misalignment amount is larger, can be because of electric arc
Penetration power is insufficient and it is lack of penetration sealing run occur.Meanwhile welding gun is made appropriate swing and stopped at root face during backing welding,
Avoid and incomplete fusion defect is produced inside weld seam in the case that unfitness of butt joint is larger.
Compared with prior art, welding method of the present invention beneficial effect at least that：
1. welding method of the present invention realizes nuclear power station using the MAG welding methods of semiautomatic welding+automatic welding combination first
Large-size cylinder body structure one side welding with back formation welds；
2. welding method of the present invention is adopted by selecting rational groove type and welding condition, and when passing through backing welding
With low current and it is appropriate swing and stopped at root face, avoid burn-through or it is lack of penetration the defects of；
3. generally weldment group and be not more than 3mm to unfitness of butt joint is relatively thin thickness of slab 10%, and present invention welding side
Method is welded in the case of being applied to weldment group to unfitness of butt joint≤5mm, and the welding method is 5~7mm's to gap in weldment group
In the case of welding quality still ensured that by cushioning plate weld.Therefore at the scene group pair when occur local unfitness of butt joint or gap compared with
Big and in the case of can not adjusting, welding procedure remains to be applicable.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is transverse joint groove schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the vertical seam groove schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is transverse joint weld path schematic diagrams of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the vertical seam weld path schematic diagrams of the present invention.
Reference：1-steel plate；2-backing run；3-filler pass；4-first final pass；5-remaining lid
Face welding bead；A1-transverse joint top steel plate bevel angle；A2-transverse joint lower steel plate bevel angle；A3-vertical seam left side divided edge of steel plate
Angle；A4-vertical seam the right divided edge of steel plate angle；F-root face；R-group is to gap.
Embodiment
Illustrate the embodiment of the present invention below by embodiment.
Embodiment one：
Nuclear power station large-size cylinder body material is Q345B, and regional area steel plate thickness is 20mm.
Welding groove form is V-butt, and wherein transverse joint bevel angle is 45 ± 5 °, the top steel plate bevel angle organized pair
A1 is 35 ± 2.5 °, and lower steel plate bevel angle a2 is 10 ± 2.5 °, and group is 3~7mm to gap R, and root face f is 0~2mm；It is vertical
It is 50 ± 5 ° to stitch bevel angle, and both sides divided edge of steel plate angle a3, a4 organized pair is 25 ± 2.5 °, and group is 3~7mm to gap R,
Root face f is 0~2mm.
Welding equipment is contravariant direct current gas metal-arc welder, and source of welding current polarity is DC reverse connection, and welding is protected
Shield gas is the carbon dioxide of 82% argon gas+18% (percentage is volume ratio), gas flow 22L/min, and use is a diameter of
1.2mm ER50-6 welding wires, dry extension of electrode are 15~20mm.During welding, backing run 2 uses semiautomatic welding, filler pass 3
Automatic welding is used with final pass 4,5.
The welding current of transverse joint backing welding is 108~125A, and weldingvoltage is 16~18V, speed of welding 10cm/min,
Torch swinging amplitude is 3~5mm, and swing speed is 280~300cm/min, and the residence time is 0.2~0.4s at root face；
Welding gun is not swung when transverse joint filling weldering and cosmetic welding.The welding current of transverse joint filling weldering is 225~280A, welding electricity
It is 39~45cm/min to press as 24~26V, speed of welding；The welding current of transverse joint cosmetic welding is 230~240A, and weldingvoltage is
24~27V, speed of welding are 65~70cm/min；
The welding current of vertical seam backing welding is 106~113A, and weldingvoltage is 16~18V, speed of welding 13cm/min,
Amplitude of fluctuation is 4~6mm, and torch swinging speed is 220~240cm/min, and the residence time is 0.2~0.4s at root face；
The welding current of vertical seam filling weldering is 110~140A, and weldingvoltage is 19~22V, and speed of welding is 6~7cm/
Min, torch swinging amplitude are 9~17mm, and swing speed is 260~280cm/min, the groove side-walls residence time is 0.3~
0.6s；The welding current of vertical seam cosmetic welding is 100~120A, and weldingvoltage is 18~20V, speed of welding 6cm/min, welding gun
Amplitude of fluctuation is 23~25mm, and swing speed is 260~300cm/min, and the groove side-walls residence time is 0.3~0.6s.
According to said welding method, welding transverse joint and the vertical common 20m of seam, after the completion of welding, carry out 100% visual inspection with
100% ultrasound examination, Non-Destructive Testing result 100% are qualified.
Measure the cross-direction shrinkage amount of weld seam：In steel plate group to rear, charged and attacked at each 150~200mm in groove both sides with sample
Sample dotting punch adjacent measurement monitoring point interval about 850mm, weld seam two before and after welding is measured with Steel Ruler respectively as measurement monitoring point
The distance of side monitoring point, weld seam transverse direction average shrinkage amount are up to 1.8mm.
It is described above, only it is presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, any formal limitation not is made to the present invention, it is any ripe
Professional and technical personnel is known, it is without departing from the scope of the present invention, real to more than according to the technical spirit of the present invention
Apply any simple modification, equivalent substitution that example made and improve etc., still fall within technical solution of the present invention protection domain it
It is interior.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of large-scale double-layer barrel one side welding with back formation welding method of nuclear power station, the weld seam on the double-layer barrel includes pair
The transverse joint and vertical seam connect, it is characterised in that welding method is protected to be welded using inversion type direct-current source gas shielded welding machine
Shield gas is rich argon mixture gas；Backing welding uses semiautomatic welding, and its droplet transfer mode is short circuiting transfer+spray transfer, weldering
Rifle is swung and the short stay at root face；Filling weldering and cosmetic welding use automatic welding, and its droplet transfer mode sprays for pulse
Penetrate transition.
2. a kind of large-scale double-layer barrel one side welding with back formation welding method of nuclear power station as claimed in claim 1, its feature exist
In, the groove type that the welding method uses for V-butt, wherein transverse joint bevel angle is 45 ± 5 °, the upper steel organized pair
Plate bevel angle is 35 ± 2.5 °, and lower steel plate bevel angle is 10 ± 2.5 °, and group be 3~7mm to gap, root face for 0~
2mm；Vertical seam bevel angle is 50 ± 5 °, and the both sides divided edge of steel plate angle organized pair is 25 ± 2.5 °, and group is 3~7mm to gap,
Root face is 0~2mm.
3. a kind of large-scale double-layer barrel one side welding with back formation welding method of nuclear power station as claimed in claim 1, its feature exist
In used welding procedure is：
Source of welding current polarity is DC reverse connection, and welding protection gas is that (percentage is volume ratio to the carbon dioxide of 82% argon gas+18%
Example), gas flow is 18~25L/min, and gage of wire 1.2mm, dry extension of electrode is 15~20mm；
The welding current of transverse joint backing welding is 95~140A, and weldingvoltage is 15~20V, and speed of welding is 9~14cm/min, weldering
Rifle amplitude of fluctuation is 3~5mm, and swing speed is 260~300cm/min, and the residence time is 0.2~0.4s at root face；
Welding gun is not swung when transverse joint filling weldering and cosmetic welding；The welding current of transverse joint filling weldering is 200~280A, and weldingvoltage is
24~28V, speed of welding are 36~50cm/min；The welding current of transverse joint cosmetic welding is 190~260A, weldingvoltage is 23~
27V, speed of welding are 56~80cm/min；
The welding current of vertical seam backing welding is 90~130A, and weldingvoltage is 15~20V, and speed of welding is 8~15cm/min, weldering
Rifle amplitude of fluctuation is 4~6mm, and swing speed is 200~240cm/min, and the residence time is 0.2~0.4s at root face；
The welding current of vertical seam filling weldering is 110~140A, and weldingvoltage is 18~25V, and speed of welding is 5~8cm/min, weldering
Rifle amplitude of fluctuation is 9~17mm, and swing speed is 260~350cm/min, and the groove side-walls residence time is 0.3~0.6s；It is vertical
The welding current of seam cosmetic welding is 91~124A, and weldingvoltage is 18~25V, and speed of welding is 5~7cm/min, torch swinging
Amplitude is 19~30mm, and swing speed is 260~350cm/min, and the groove side-walls residence time is 0.3~0.6s.
A kind of 4. large-scale double-layer barrel one side welding with back formation of nuclear power station as described in claims 1 to 3 any one or several
Welding method, it is characterised in that the weld seam for being welded to obtain using the welding method, when weldment thickness of slab is 20~40mm
When, its root reinforcement is less than 2mm；Weld seam cross-direction shrinkage deflection is less than 1.8mm.
A kind of 5. large-scale double-layer barrel one side welding with back formation of nuclear power station as described in claims 1 to 3 any one or several
Welding method, it is characterised in that the welding method is welded in the case of being applied to weldment group to unfitness of butt joint≤5mm.
A kind of 6. large-scale double-layer barrel one side welding with back formation of nuclear power station as described in Claims 1 to 5 any one or several
Welding method, it is characterised in that the welding method is 20~40mm suitable for steel plate thickness of slab and material is carbon steel or low-alloy
The one side welding with back formation welding of steel.
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