CN110630341A

CN110630341A - Pecan wheel pressure rotating power machine and power system thereof

Info

Publication number: CN110630341A
Application number: CN201810661917.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 廖紫成; 廖程飞
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2018-06-25
Filing date: 2018-06-25
Publication date: 2019-12-31
Also published as: WO2020001363A1

Abstract

The invention discloses a pecan wheel pressure rotating power machine and a power system thereof, comprising a machine shell, wherein a transmission channel for placing a transmission shaft is arranged in the machine shell, and the transmission shaft can rotate around the circumference of the transmission channel; the transmission shaft is fixedly provided with at least one beak wheel with beak teeth, a casing positioned at the outer side of the beak wheel is provided with a fluid storage and distribution cavity communicated with the fluid inlet, a fluid guide and distribution ring corresponding to the beak wheel is arranged in the fluid storage and distribution cavity, the fluid guide and distribution ring is provided with a fluid nozzle for accelerating the flow rate of fluid, and the fluid sprayed by the fluid nozzle can drive the beak wheel to rotate. The aim of energy conversion is achieved by using a moment generated by tangentially impacting the beak wheel after the fluid is accelerated so as to generate the moment relative to the rotating center.

Description

Pecan wheel pressure rotating power machine and power system thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a machine and a system thereof, wherein after being accelerated, fluid impacts a beak wheel with various curved beak teeth to enable the beak wheel to efficiently rotate, so that efficient energy conversion is realized, and particularly, the machine and the system thereof convert energy in the forms of heat energy (enthalpy difference of steam, industrial gas or liquid and the like), solar energy (enthalpy difference of air or water), chemical energy of fossil fuel, pressure potential energy of fluid, gravitational potential energy and the like into mechanical kinetic energy or electric energy.

Background

Steam turbines, turbofan engines, screw expanders, turboexpanders, piston diesel engines, piston gasoline engines and the like are energy conversion power equipment used by people in the energy field at present, but the energy conversion efficiency of all the equipment is not ideal, for example, the energy conversion efficiency of a steam turbine is about 35% at the maximum (the output part of power generation is calculated according to the internal energy difference, the same is applied below), the energy conversion efficiency of a turboexpander is less than 20%, the energy conversion efficiency of a screw expander is about 10% at the minimum, even if the conversion efficiency of a gas turbine is lower than 40%, more than 60% of energy is wasted, the most obvious example is a cooling tower of a thermoelectric system, which is a device consuming latent heat of vaporization of steam, and more than 60% of energy is wasted from the cooling tower. Only the conversion efficiency of the water turbine reaches more than 90 percent (calculated according to the internal energy difference), but the principle of the water turbine cannot be used for energy conversion of gas energy. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to improve the energy conversion efficiency, particularly of high-energy gas, which is sought in the energy field.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects, the invention aims to provide a beak wheel pressure rotating machine and a power system thereof, wherein the beak wheel is pushed to rotate by fluid (gas, liquid or other forms) with pressure by taking the enthalpy difference as a main power source so as to convert energy in the forms of potential energy or kinetic energy and the like into mechanical energy or electric energy.

In order to achieve the above purposes, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a pecan wheel pressure rotating power machine comprises a machine shell, wherein a transmission channel for placing a transmission shaft is arranged in the machine shell, and the transmission shaft can rotate around the transmission channel in the circumferential direction; the transmission shaft is fixedly provided with at least one beak wheel with beak teeth, a casing positioned at the outer side of the beak wheel is provided with a fluid storage and distribution cavity communicated with the fluid inlet, a fluid guide and distribution ring corresponding to the beak wheel is arranged in the fluid storage and distribution cavity, the fluid guide and distribution ring is provided with a fluid nozzle for accelerating the flow rate of fluid, and the fluid sprayed by the fluid nozzle can drive the beak wheel to rotate. The aim of energy conversion is achieved by using a moment generated by tangentially impacting the beak wheel after the fluid is accelerated so as to generate the moment relative to the rotating center.

The beak wheel pressure rotating power machine described above should have other conventional parts, such as a left bearing cap and a right bearing cap installed at the head and tail ends of the transmission passage, wherein the left bearing cap is installed on the casing by a left bearing cap fastening bolt, and the right bearing cap is installed on the casing by a right bearing cap fastening bolt. The left bearing and the right bearing are installed in the transmission channel and are sleeved on the transmission shaft, so that the transmission shaft can rotate along the axis line of the transmission shaft. The right side of the right bearing is provided with a right bearing cover, and the inner wall of the transmission channel where the left side of the right bearing is located is provided with a mechanical seal; and the inner walls of the transmission channels where the left side and the right side of the left bearing are located are also provided with mechanical seals. The transmission shaft positioned on the left side extends outwards to the outside of the shell, and the head part of the transmission shaft is provided with a connecting key; and a transmission key is arranged in the middle of the transmission shaft in the transmission channel.

Further, each beak wheel has an independent fluid storage and distribution cavity, and two adjacent fluid storage and distribution cavities are communicated through the fluid flow cavity; the fluid inlet is in communication with one of the fluid storage and dispensing chambers. A fluid storage and distribution cavity is provided with a beak wheel, so that the beak wheel is convenient to mount and drive, and the power transmission is convenient.

Furthermore, the casing is also provided with an exhaust cavity communicated with the transmission channel, and the outer side surface of the casing is provided with a gas outlet communicated with the exhaust cavity. The airflow generated after the fluid enters is axially discharged and then enters the exhaust cavity to be discharged to the outside, which is helpful for keeping the pressure in the machine shell stable.

Further, the fluid nozzles are distributed on the fluid guide distribution ring in a circumferential array by taking the circle center of the fluid guide distribution ring as a central point; each fluid nozzle has a larger opening on the outside of the fluid directing distribution ring than on the inside of the fluid directing distribution ring.

Further, the beak teeth on the beak wheel are in a beak structure, when the beak wheel rotates, the windward side surface of the beak teeth is a forward curved surface, and the leeward side surface is a reverse curved surface.

Further, the time required for the beak wheel to rotate one beak tooth is greater than or equal to the time from the contact of the fluid with the forward curved surface to the movement to the root of the reverse curved surface, or the time for the fluid to flow out of the beak wheel is less than or equal to the time from the contact of the fluid with the forward curved surface to the movement to the root of the reverse curved surface.

The included angle between the length direction of the beak teeth of the beak wheel and the transmission shaft is theta, wherein theta is more than 90 degrees and is more than or equal to 0. The optimal angle is 0, namely the length direction of the beak teeth is parallel to the transmission shaft.

The mounting direction of the beak wheel pressure rotating machine can be horizontal, vertical or inclined, is determined according to actual conditions and is not particularly limited.

In order to facilitate real-time control, the invention can be provided with pressure and temperature meters or/and sensors, liquid level meters or/and sensors, flow meters or/and sensors, corresponding control programs and the like at required positions.

In order to prolong the service life of the bearing, the invention can be provided with a bearing cooling (or heating) and lubricating system.

The beak wheel pressure rotation power system utilizes the opening degree of an inlet valve of a beak wheel machine to control the total power of the whole machine, and the beak wheel machine adopts the beak wheel pressure rotation power machine. After the fluid is accelerated, the fluid impacts the beak teeth from the direction approximate to the tangent of the impeller to generate a moment relative to the rotation center, thereby achieving the purposes of energy conversion, transmission or transfer and the like.

The realization process of the invention is as follows: the fluid forms high-speed fluid after passing through the fluid storage distribution cavity and the fluid guide distribution ring, and first, the fluid generates relative negative pressure on a beak tooth curved surface (called a reverse curved surface for short) with the opposite rotating direction of the beak wheel; secondly, after flowing through the reverse curved surface, the high-speed fluid directly impacts a beak tooth curved surface (a forward curved surface for short, the same applies below) which is consistent with the rotating direction of the beak wheel, generates impact force on the beak tooth curved surface and transmits the kinetic energy of the fluid to the forward curved surface; thirdly, after rushing towards the positive curved surface, the high-speed fluid moves towards the root of the reverse curved surface of the beak tooth along the arc line of the positive curved surface, in the process, the residual kinetic energy of the fluid is further transferred to the beak wheel due to the inertia of the fluid, and meanwhile, the left side of the beak wheel is sealed by the fluid guide distribution ring or the shell, so that the fluid moves towards the rear direction (the direction of an exhaust port) along the axial direction, the flow speed of the fluid and the rotation speed of the beak wheel generate a time difference, and further the curved surfaces in the positive and negative directions generate a pressure difference, so that two working curved surfaces of the beak tooth of the beak wheel generate a moment difference relative to the rotation center, and the moment difference pushes the beak wheel to; fourthly, when the rotating speed of the beak wheel reaches the required rotating speed (for example, 1500RPM required by a generator), a hurricane effect can be formed, namely the pressure of a rotating center (mainly the beak wheel and a transmission shaft) is low, the pressure of a rotating circumference (between the beak wheel and a shell) is high, and strong centrifugal force and central negative pressure are formed to throw molecules with large mass and condensed liquid molecules to the circumference, wherein the first centrifugal force is favorable for leading the liquid out from the circumference, the second centrifugal force reduces the rotating resistance of the beak wheel and the transmission shaft, and the third centrifugal force can force partial molecules or particles with 'disordered motion' to move regularly, reduce internal consumption behaviors such as mutual collision, friction and the like and reduce the influence of entropy, thereby maximally converting enthalpy difference of the fluid into mechanical energy and further converting the enthalpy difference into electric energy.

As long as the fluid in the beak wheel pressure rotating machine has potential energy or/and kinetic energy, the moment difference value and the hurricane effect can be generated until the fluid completely loses the convertible enthalpy difference, if the fluid is condensable vapor (such as water vapor, organic matter vapor, liquid nitrogen, liquid oxygen and the like), more than 90 percent of the vapor can be condensed into liquid; if the fluid is non-condensable gas (such as compressed air, gas after combustion of diesel oil, kerosene or gasoline, and the like, waste gas which is produced in the industry and contains a certain enthalpy difference) or liquid (such as cooling separation of gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil and the like in an oil refining process, liquid material cooling in the chemical industry and the like), the temperature and the pressure can be reduced to preset temperature and/or pressure, and the temperature and/or pressure can be higher than the temperature and/or pressure of the triple point of the fluid.

In order to match the normal operation of the beak wheel power machine, the invention needs a special control system, the control principle is that the total power of the whole machine is controlled by utilizing the opening degree of a fluid inlet valve of the beak wheel machine, the maximum power of the motor or other work machines is matched with the total power, the fluctuation of the temperature, the pressure, the flow and the like of the fluid and the environment in the process is controlled by the feedback of the exhaust pressure, the temperature and the flow of the beak wheel machine, and multiple feedback control measures are adopted for important parameters such as the inlet flow, the pressure, the temperature, the liquefaction amount in the process and the outlet temperature and the pressure (the temperature and the pressure of the outlet temperature and the pressure which are not more than the three-phase point of the working medium) which influence the normal operation of the beak wheel machine, so as to avoid the occurrence of machine damage or. The basic logic of the control is as follows: taking exhaust pressure and exhaust temperature as main references, when the exhaust pressure is increased, the intake pressure or flow is reduced, and when the exhaust pressure is reduced, the intake pressure or flow is increased; a decrease in intake air temperature or flow rate is indicated when exhaust temperature increases, whereas an increase in intake air temperature or flow rate is indicated when exhaust temperature decreases. The control of other components such as valves, motors, etc. is controlled by taking this as reference.

The control points of the control system of the invention are set in two states of manual and automatic. The start-up (power-on) program is also set to two states, manual and automatic.

In order to adapt to various working media, the control program of the invention operates according to a unified mode and a mode of setting a reference value.

The lowest energy conversion efficiency of the invention can reach more than 70 percent (calculated according to enthalpy difference), wherein the fuel gas can reach about 70 percent, the organic steam can reach about 75 percent, and the water vapor can reach about 80 percent.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the beak wheel pressure rotating power machine and the power system thereof have the advantages that:

1. the conversion efficiency is high: for condensable fluids such as water vapor, organic matter steam, liquid nitrogen or liquid oxygen, the wool conversion rate can reach more than 85%, various loss and self-consumption parts are removed, and the output part can reach more than 75%; for non-condensable fluid, such as compressed air, fuel gas and fuel oil gas, etc., the gross conversion rate can reach over 80%, and the output part can reach over 70% by removing various loss and self-consumption parts. Therefore, the thermal efficiency of the invention is more than 2-7 times of that of the existing power machine taking high-energy gas as a power source.

2. The application range is wide: the single output power of the invention can be selected from 1KW to 1500MW, the thermal efficiency can reach more than 70%, unlike a steam turbine, the thermal efficiency can be sharply reduced to less than 10% when the output power is below 5 MW.

3. The adjusting range is large: the power regulation range of the single set of the established power system can be regulated between 15% and 100%, the corresponding heat source fluctuation can also be regulated between 75% and 100%, the existing problems such as shutdown and the like cannot be caused, the heat efficiency still can reach more than 20%, and unlike a steam turbine, the single set of power system can be automatically shut down when the output power is less than 50% or the heat source is less than 90%.

4. The requirement on the heat source medium is low: the invention is applicable to all heat source media of clean liquid or/and gas, including water vapor and a mixture of the water vapor and the water, organic matter vapor and a mixture of the organic matter vapor and the liquid, compressed air, various clean high-pressure liquids, various fuel gases and the like, and for condensable media, whether the condensable media contain liquid or not or the content of the liquid, whether the condensable media contain superheated vapor or saturated vapor or supercooled vapor, the invention can normally operate, is not like a steam turbine and is only applicable to the superheated vapor, and can automatically stop or damage a machine when the dryness of the vapor is lower than 95 percent.

5. The investment cost is low: because the conversion efficiency of the invention is high, firstly, the working medium is cooled into liquid (condensable fluid) or the parameters of the working medium are reduced to required values, and no cooling and pressure reducing system is additionally arranged, so that no cooling and pressure reducing equipment, such as a cooling tower of a power plant and a power supply system thereof, needs to be invested; secondly, the cost of unit output power is reduced by more than 40% compared with the cost of the existing power machine.

6. The self-energy consumption is low: because the state of the working medium is reduced to liquid or required parameters, energy consumption caused by temperature reduction and pressure reduction is not required to be additionally increased, and the invention has no other loss except fluid circulation energy consumption, mechanical friction loss, electromagnetic loss, surface heat dissipation and fluid entropy loss.

7. And (3) water resource saving: since the working medium does not need to be cooled, cooling equipment such as a cooling tower of a power plant is not needed, and cooling water is not consumed.

8. The structure is simple: compared with other machines (such as the manufacturing of a turbine blade, the processing of a screw machine, the processing of a cylinder of an internal combustion engine and the like), the structure is simple, the manufacturing and processing difficulty is low, particularly, the beak wheel and the beak teeth thereof have no relative friction between solids, and a plurality of accessory structures such as cooling, lubricating and the like are reduced.

9. The service life is long: the working coracoid teeth do not have relative friction between solids, so that the main working parts can operate without failure, and the failure-free service life of the invention is mainly determined by the service lives of moving parts such as bearings and/or mechanical seals, the service lives of components of a control system and the like.

10. The maintenance is convenient: compared with other power machines (such as a steam turbine, a gas turbine, a piston type power machine and the like), the power machine has the advantages that the structure is simple, and parts with relatively complex structures do not need to be maintained, so the maintenance is convenient.

11. Energy conservation and environmental protection: firstly, due to high conversion efficiency and high energy utilization rate, the emission reduction (such as unit GDP energy consumption, emission reduction of carbon dioxide, sulfur oxide, nitrogen oxide, dust and the like) can be reduced by more than 50% even if mineral energy is used; and secondly, the solar energy stored in the air or water can be utilized (the energy transmitted to the earth by the sun is more than 500 times of the global energy consumption, and the energy can be scattered to the universe if not used), on one hand, the dependence of human beings on mineral energy can be completely eliminated, on the other hand, the whole temperature rise of the air is reduced or limited, the greenhouse effect is reduced or/and delayed, the damage to the ozone layer is eliminated, and the like.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an axial sectional view of a beak wheel pressure turning machine in accordance with the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a left side view schematically showing the structure of the beak wheel pressure turning machine of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a first structure of the double-arc beak wheel in the invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a second structure of the single-arc oblique line beak wheel in the invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a third structure of the single-arc beak wheel in the invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a fourth structure of the half-circular oblique line beak wheel in the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a fifth structure of the beak wheel with semicircular oblique lines and round corners in the invention.

Figure 8 is a schematic view of a fluid directing distribution ring configuration of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a flow structure of a beak turbine organic shell-and-tube power plant.

Fig. 10 is a schematic flow diagram of a beak turbine organic matter coil type power station.

FIG. 11 is a schematic flow diagram of a steam power plant with a beak turbine.

Fig. 12 is a schematic flow diagram of a beak turbine gas power plant.

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a flow diagram of a gas aircraft engine with a beak turbine.

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a flow diagram of a beak turbine gas automobile engine.

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the engine flow structure for a beak turbine organic coiled pipe vehicle.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will make the advantages and features of the invention easier to understand by those skilled in the art, and thus will clearly and clearly define the scope of the invention.

Examples

Referring to the attached

drawings

1 and 2, the peck wheel pressure rotating machine comprises a machine shell 5, wherein a transmission channel which is communicated from head to tail is arranged in the machine shell 5, and a left bearing cover 12 and a right bearing cover 1 are arranged at the head end and the tail end of the transmission channel, wherein the left bearing cover 12 is arranged on the machine shell 5 through a left bearing cover fastening bolt 11, and the right bearing cover 1 is arranged on the machine shell 5 through a right bearing cover fastening bolt 2. The transmission shaft 4 is installed in the transmission channel, the left bearing 10 and the right bearing 3 are installed in the transmission channel, and the left bearing 10 and the right bearing 3 are sleeved on the transmission shaft 4, so that the transmission shaft 4 can rotate along the axis line of the transmission shaft 4. As can be seen from fig. 1, the right side of the right bearing 3 is a right bearing cover 1, and a mechanical seal 9 is mounted on the inner wall of the transmission channel where the left side of the right bearing is located; the mechanical seal 9 is also arranged on the inner wall of the transmission channel where the left side and the right side of the left bearing 10 are positioned. The transmission shaft 4 on the left side extends outwards to the outside of the machine shell 5, and a connecting key 13 is arranged at the head part of the transmission shaft; and a transmission key 7 is arranged in the middle of the transmission shaft 4 in the transmission channel.

The casing 5 is provided with a fluid guide distribution ring 14, a fluid inlet 15, a liquid outlet 8, a gas outlet 18, a fluid flow chamber 16, and a fluid storage distribution chamber 17. The fluid enters the fluid storage and distribution chamber 17 from the fluid inlet 15, enters the fluid guide distribution ring 14 (as shown in fig. 8), and tangentially impacts the beak teeth of the beak wheel 6 at high speed (the fluid guide distribution ring 14 is provided with a plurality of fluid nozzles 14-1 with wide outside and narrow inside, which can accelerate the flow speed), and the flow direction is as follows: enters from the beak wheel 6 in a circumferential tangential way and is discharged in an axial direction. In this embodiment, the number of fluid storage and dispensing chambers 17 is two, and one fluid directing dispensing ring 14 is disposed within each fluid storage and dispensing chamber 17, with one beak wheel 6 for each fluid directing dispensing ring 14. The two connected fluid storage and distribution cavities 17 are communicated with a fluid flow cavity 16.

Referring to fig. 3 to 7, the fluid flows through the surface of the beak tooth curved surface F (hereinafter referred to as "reverse curved surface" for short) opposite to the rotation direction of the beak wheel 6 at a certain angle, and generates a relative negative pressure on the surface of the reverse curved surface; after flowing through the reverse curved surface, the high-speed fluid directly impacts on a beak tooth curved surface Z (referred to as a forward curved surface for short, the same applies below) which is consistent with the rotation direction of the beak wheel 6, generates impact force on the beak tooth curved surface Z and transmits the kinetic energy of the fluid to the forward curved surface. The coracoid tooth curved surface F and the coracoid tooth curved surface Z are two side surfaces of the coracoid tooth. In the process, the residual kinetic energy of the fluid is further transferred to the beak wheel 6 due to the inertia of the fluid, and meanwhile, the left side of the beak wheel 6 is sealed by the fluid guide distribution ring 14 or the shell 5, so that the fluid moves along the axial rear direction (the direction of the exhaust port) to increase the moving distance of the fluid on the beak tooth forward curved surface and prolong the time of the fluid moving to the beak tooth reverse curved surface root, so that the curved surfaces in the forward direction and the reverse direction generate pressure difference. The two working surfaces of the beak teeth of the beak wheel 6 thus produce a difference in moment with respect to the centre of rotation, whereby the moment difference pushes the beak wheel 6 into rotation. After the fluid flows out of the beak wheel 6, the fluid is guided from the upper stage to the lower stage through the fluid flow chamber 16 and the fluid storage and distribution chamber 17 and finally enters the exhaust chamber 19, the residual gas is discharged from the gas outlet 18 at the upper part of the beak wheel machine, and the liquid is discharged from the liquid outlet 8 at the lower part of the beak wheel machine, thus completing a working process.

As shown in fig. 3, the beak teeth 61 of the first double-arc beak wheel are wheel-shaped like a beak, which is determined by the difference between the addendum radius R1 and the base radius R2, the included angle α between any two radii, the arc R determined by the perpendicular line segment of one of the two radii, and the segment L tangent to the arc R, wherein R2 is smaller than R1, α is smaller than the included angle between two adjacent teeth, and the center of the arc R is located on the base circle circumference inside the notch.

As shown in fig. 4, the beak tooth 61 of the second single-arc oblique line beak wheel is a wheel-shaped beak formed by the difference between the addendum radius R1 and the base radius R2, the included angle α between any two radii, and the arc R determined by the perpendicular line segment of one of the two radii, and the upper half of the arc R is the straight line segment L, wherein R2 is smaller than R1, α is smaller than the included angle between two adjacent teeth, the line segment L can rotate at any angle around any point on the line segment, and the center of the arc R is located on the base circle circumference inside the notch.

As shown in fig. 5, the beak tooth 61 of the third single-arc beak wheel is a wheel structure shaped like a beak, which is formed by an outer base circle R1, an addendum circle R2, a dedendum circle R3, and an arc R determined by any line segment L between the addendum circle and the dedendum circle, wherein R1 is greater than or equal to the inner radius of the shell of the beak wheel pressure rotary power machine, R2 is determined according to the total energy carried by the fluid, R3 is less than R2, the line segment L can rotate by any angle with any point on the line segment as the center, and the center of the arc R is located on the outer base circle outside the gap.

As shown in fig. 6, the beak teeth 61 of the fourth single semi-circular oblique line beak wheel are wheel-shaped like a beak, which is determined by a radius R1, which is the difference between the addendum circle radius R2 and the base circle radius R2, an arc R determined by an included angle α between two radii, and a radius L between two focal points intersecting the arc R, wherein R2 is smaller than R1, the segment L can rotate by any angle around any point on the segment, α is equal to the included angle between two adjacent teeth, and the center of the arc R is located on the base circle circumference inside the notch.

As shown in fig. 7, the beak teeth of the fifth single semi-circular oblique line round beak wheel are a wheel-shaped beak wheel structure formed by taking the difference between the tooth crest radius R1 and the base circle radius R2 as the radius, an arc R1 determined by an included angle α of any two radii, a section of radius L between two focal points intersected with the arc R1, and chamfering by taking R2 as the radius, wherein R2 is smaller than R1, R2 is smaller than or equal to R1, a line segment L can rotate by any angle with any point on the line segment as the center, α is equal to the included angle between two adjacent teeth, and the center of the arc R1 is located on the base circle circumference inside the notch.

In this embodiment, the beak notch reverse curved surface of the beak wheel 6 has a certain included angle with the fluid movement direction, but the size of the included angle is not particularly limited. The length direction of the beak teeth of the beak wheel 6 is parallel to the transmission shaft 4, and the beak teeth can have a certain spatial angle with the transmission shaft 4 if special requirements or special ideas exist, and the angle is not particularly limited. The forward curved surface Z of the beak teeth has a certain delay effect on the flowing time of the fluid, the time required for the beak wheel 6 to rotate one beak tooth is longer than or equal to the time from the moment that the fluid touches the forward curved surface Z to the moment that the fluid moves to the root part of the reverse curved surface F, or the time that the fluid flows out of the beak wheel 6 is shorter than or equal to the time from the moment that the fluid touches the forward curved surface Z to the moment that the fluid moves to the root part of the reverse curved surface F, and the rest parts are not particularly limited.

The structure and dimensions of the beak teeth in this embodiment are determined by design practical conditions, and are not particularly limited, except for those described in fig. 3 to 7, such as thicknesses B and B, diameters D and D, key W, and material.

As shown in fig. 8, the fluid guide distribution ring 14, which is based on a ring formed by the outer circle D2 and the inner circle D1, is formed with notches at a gap J and an angle α, and has an effect of accelerating the fluid in addition to the guiding and distributing effects, and D1, D2, J and α, the number of notches, and the like are determined according to the structure, size, and properties of the fluid, flow rate, pressure, temperature, flow rate, and the like of the beak wheel 6, and are not particularly limited.

The mounting direction of the beak wheel pressure rotating machine can be horizontal, vertical or inclined, and the specific form is determined according to actual conditions and is not particularly limited. For the convenience of real-time control, the invention can be provided with pressure and temperature meters or/and sensors, liquid level meters or sensors, flow meters or sensors, corresponding control programs and the like. In order to prolong the service life of moving parts such as bearings, mechanical seals and the like, the invention can be provided with a bearing cooling (or heating) and lubricating system. In order to meet the sealing performance of the fluid medium, mechanical sealing structures or other sealing structures can be arranged on two sides or one side of the bearing.

The structural forms of the shell, the beak teeth of the beak wheel, the fluid guide distribution ring and the like are not limited to the above types, and any structure which can achieve the purpose of energy conversion by using the moment relative to the rotation center generated by the tangential impact of the accelerated fluid on the impeller falls within the scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 9, in order to adapt to the characteristics of the organic shell-and-tube evaporator (suitable for low-temperature waste heat working conditions, seawater and river water solar working conditions, etc.), the flow structure of the beak turbine organic shell-and-tube power station is schematically illustrated, organic matters are evaporated by the "full-liquid evaporator S1" and then enter the "beak turbine S4" through the "intake flowmeter S2" and the "inlet valve S3", so that the "beak turbine S4" rotates and drives the "motor S5" to rotate for power generation. More than 90% of steam is converted into liquid after acting in the beak turbine S4, enters the liquid storage tank S7 through a liquid discharge valve (1.2.3) S6 at the bottom of the beak turbine S4, is pressurized by a working medium pump S9 after being heated by a preheater S8 and returns to a liquid full evaporator S1, and the positions of the working medium pump S9 and the preheater S8 can be interchanged; about 10% of residual gas enters a gas-liquid separator S11 through an exhaust valve S10, liquid enters a liquid storage tank S7 through a liquid outlet valve S12, the gas is compressed by a residual gas compressor S16 through an exhaust valve S13, an exhaust flow meter S14 and a residual gas superheater S15, then the gas is mixed with the gas from a full-liquid evaporator S1 through a compression flow meter S17, and then the gas enters a beak turbine S4, so that a cycle is completed, and power generation is realized through continuous operation of the cycle.

As shown in fig. 10, in order to adapt to the characteristics of the organic matter coil evaporator (suitable for air solar working conditions), the flow structure of the beak turbine organic matter coil power station is schematically shown, organic matter is evaporated by the coil evaporation (1.2 … 36) a1 group and then enters the beak turbine a4 through the air intake flow meter a2 and the inlet valve A3, so that the beak turbine a4 rotates and drives the motor a5 to rotate and generate electricity. More than 90% of steam is converted into liquid after acting in the beak turbine A4, enters the liquid storage tank A7 through a liquid discharge valve (1.2.3) A6 at the bottom of the beak turbine A4, is pressurized by the working medium pump A8 and returns to the coil evaporation A1 group; about 10% of residual gas enters a gas-liquid separator A10 through a gas exhaust valve A9, liquid enters a liquid storage tank A7 through a liquid outlet valve A11, the gas is compressed by a residual gas compressor A15 through a gas exhaust valve A12, a gas exhaust flowmeter A13 and a residual gas superheater A14, is mixed with gas discharged from a coil evaporation A1 group and enters a beak turbine A4 after passing through a compression flowmeter A16, and therefore a cycle is completed, and power generation is achieved through continuous operation of the cycle.

As shown in fig. 11, in order to adapt to the characteristics of steam and boilers (suitable for the working conditions of thermoelectricity, nuclear power, high-temperature waste heat and the like), the flow structure of the steam power station with the beak turbine is schematically shown, water is evaporated by the steam boiler B1 and then enters the beak turbine B5 through the air storage tank B2, the air inlet flow meter B3 and the inlet valve B4, so that the beak turbine B5 rotates and drives the motor B6 to rotate and generate electricity. More than 90% of water vapor is converted into water after working in the beak turbine B5, enters the water storage tank B8 through the liquid discharge valve (1.2.3) B7 at the bottom of the beak turbine B5, is pressurized by the water pump B9, is heated by the economizer B10 and returns to the steam boiler B1; about 10% of residual gas enters a gas-liquid separator B12 through an exhaust valve B11, water enters a water storage tank B8 through a water outlet valve B13, and the residual gas is directly emptied after being pressurized by a vacuum pump B14 (which is equivalent to the oxygen removal process of a traditional steam turbine system), namely a cycle is completed, and the cycle is continuously operated to realize power generation.

As shown in fig. 12, in order to adapt to the characteristics of gas and combustion chambers, the beak turbine gas power plant has a schematic flow structure, and a part of compressed air enters the combustion chamber C2 and the oil delivered from the oil pump C3 by the compressor C1, is mixed and combusted, enters the cooling chamber C4 and the other part of compressed air by the compressor C1, is mixed and cooled, and then enters the beak turbine C7 through the intake flow meter C5 and the inlet valve C6, so that the beak turbine C7 rotates and drives the motor C8 to rotate and generate electricity. The tail gas is directly exhausted through an exhaust valve (left and right) C9, namely a cycle is completed, and the cycle is continuously operated to realize power generation.

As shown in fig. 13, in order to adapt to the characteristics of the aircraft engine, the flow structure of the gas aircraft engine with beak turbine is schematically shown, the "front compressor D1" compresses a part of air from the "air inlet D2" and then the compressed part of air enters the "combustion chamber D3" and the oil sent by the "fuel pump D4" to be mixed and combusted, then the compressed part of air enters the "cooling chamber D5" (the parts of the transmission shaft 4, the housing 5, the beak wheel 6 and the transmission key 7 are made of 310S heat-resistant steel, expensive single crystal rhenium is not needed, the same applies below) and the compressed part of air from the "front compressor D1" are mixed and cooled, then the mixture enters the beak turbine D6 ", the beak turbine D6" rotates the compressor and drives the beak D7 "to rotate and the motor D8" to generate electricity, the rear compressor D7 "mixes the low-pressure air from the beak turbine D6" and the compressed part of air from the air inlet D2 "to be compressed, then the low-temperature, high-pressure and high-density, i.e. a cycle is completed, and the aircraft is powered by the continuous operation of the cycle.

As shown in fig. 14, in order to adapt to the characteristics of a gas-fired and combustion-chamber automobile engine, a flow structure diagram of a beak turbine gas automobile engine is schematically shown, a part of compressed air of a compressor E1 enters a combustion chamber E2 and oil delivered from an oil pump E3 to be mixed and combusted, then enters a cooling chamber E4 and another part of compressed air of the compressor E1 to be mixed and cooled, then enters a beak turbine E7 through an air intake flow meter E5 and an inlet valve E6, so that the beak turbine E7 rotates and drives an automobile gearbox E8 to rotate and a generator E9 to generate electricity, tail gas is directly exhausted through an exhaust valve (left and right) E10, namely a cycle is completed, and the cycle continuously runs to provide power for an automobile.

As shown in fig. 15, in order to adapt to the characteristics of the organic coiled vehicle (applicable to the air-solar vehicle), the beak-turbine organic coiled engine vehicle has a schematic power engineering structure, wherein the storage battery G1 is charged by the self-use generator G2, and the storage battery G1 is used for starting the power system and self-consuming power of the vehicle. Due to the relative speed of the vehicle speed and the air, organic matters are evaporated by a coil evaporation (1.2 … 36) G3 group and then enter a beak turbine G6 through an air inlet flow meter G4 and an inlet valve G5, so that the beak turbine G6 rotates and drives a reduction gearbox G7 for a vehicle to rotate and a self-use generator G2 to generate power. More than 90% of steam is converted into liquid after acting in the beak turbine G6, enters the liquid storage tank G9 through a liquid discharge valve (1.2.3) G8 at the bottom of the beak turbine G6, is pressurized by the working medium pump G10 and returns to a coil evaporation (1.2 … 36) G3 group; about 10% of residual gas enters a gas-liquid separator G12 through a gas exhaust valve G11, wherein liquid enters a liquid storage tank G9 through a liquid outlet valve G13, gas is compressed by a residual gas compressor G17 after passing through a gas exhaust valve G14, a gas exhaust flow meter G15 and a residual gas superheater G16, then the gas is mixed with gas discharged from a coil evaporation (1.2 … 36) G3 group and then enters a beak turbine G6 after passing through a compression flow meter G18, and therefore a cycle is completed, and the cycle continuously operates to provide power for vehicles and generate electricity.

The conditions shown in fig. 9 to 15 are general conditions, and the present invention is not limited to these seven conditions, and all power systems implemented using the beak wheel pressure turning machine of the present invention (i.e., "beak wheel machine" in fig. 9 to 15) fall within the scope of the present invention.

In order to meet the requirements of solar power generation or heat energy conversion of other heat sources with the temperature lower than 160 ℃, special working media are required to be matched, and the formula of the working media is as follows (not limited):

serial number	Name of working medium	Working medium code	Working medium formula	Evaporation temperature	Remarks for note
						1	Ultra-low temperature working medium	R584A～J	R728:R14＝0％～100％	-170～-80℃
2	Very low temperature working medium	R564A～J	R116:R14＝0％～100％	-80～-10℃
						3	Low-temperature working medium	R565A～J	R116:R125＝0％～100％	-30～+10℃
4	Medium temperature working medium	R554A～J	R125a:R134a＝0％～100％	+10～+40℃
						5	High temperature working medium	R545A～J	R134a:R245fa＝0％～100％	+40～+110℃

Note: the ozone layer destruction indexes of the working media in the table are all 0, and only a certain greenhouse effect is achieved except for R728, but the discharge amount is small because the working media are recycled.

For the air solar power project using the invention, when the air temperature is lower than 0 ℃, the outer side of the coil evaporator can be frozen, so a deicing mechanism or facility is required to be arranged, and the invention is not limited by other factors.

Since refrigerants such as R116, R125, R134a, R245fa and R14 have a stronger greenhouse effect than carbon dioxide although their ozone depletion indexes are 0, waste liquids (vapors) and residual liquids (vapors) after use need to be recovered, or recovered for cleaning, or subjected to decomposition and harmless treatment, and should not be discharged at will. The invention proposes the principle of who sells, who recycles and who processes.

The invention needs a special control system, the control principle is that the total power of the whole machine is controlled by utilizing the opening degree of an inlet valve of a beak turbine, the maximum power of a motor or other work machines is matched with the total power, and the fluctuation of the temperature, the pressure, the flow and the like of working media and environment in the process is controlled by the feedback of the exhaust pressure, the temperature and the flow of the beak turbine, and multiple feedback control measures are adopted for important parameters such as the inlet flow, the pressure, the temperature, the liquefaction amount in the process and the outlet temperature and the pressure (the temperature and the pressure of which the outlet temperature and the pressure are not more than the triple point of the working media) which influence the normal operation of the beak turbine, so as to avoid the occurrence of the conditions of machine damage, accident-free shutdown and.

The invention takes exhaust pressure and exhaust temperature as main references, when the exhaust pressure is increased, the intake pressure or flow is reduced, otherwise, when the exhaust pressure is reduced, the intake pressure or flow is increased; a decrease in intake air temperature or flow rate is indicated when exhaust temperature increases, whereas an increase in intake air temperature or flow rate is indicated when exhaust temperature decreases.

The control of the valves, motors, etc. used in the present invention is controlled with reference to the exhaust pressure and exhaust temperature. The control points of the control system are set in a manual state and an automatic state. The start-up (power-on) program is also set to two states, manual and automatic. In order to adapt to various working media, the control program of the system runs according to a unified mode and a mode of setting a reference value.

The principles, performances, qualities and brands of other supporting equipment (such as motors, pumps, compressors, air compressors, valves and the like), parts (such as shafts, bearings, mechanical seals, tachometers or sensors, temperature and pressure meters or sensors, flow meters and liquid level meters or sensors, other electrical accessories except for a main control board or a chip and the like), materials (such as materials of shafts, supports, pipelines and the like) and the like except for the principles and structures of the shell, the beak wheel and the fluid guide distribution ring of the beak wheel spinning machine and a complete machine control program and a main control board or a chip principle of the complete machine spinning machine are not within the scope of the invention, namely, the power machine only using the principles and structures of the shell, the beak wheel and the fluid guide distribution ring of the invention and/or the complete machine control program and the main control board or the chip principle of the complete machine spinning machine is within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A pecan wheel pressure rotating power machine comprises a machine shell (5), wherein a transmission channel for placing a transmission shaft (4) is arranged in the machine shell (5), and the transmission shaft (4) can rotate around the circumference of the transmission channel; the method is characterized in that: the transmission shaft (4) is fixedly provided with at least one beak wheel (6) with beak teeth (61), a casing (5) positioned at the outer side of the beak wheel (6) is provided with a fluid storage and distribution cavity (17) communicated with a fluid inlet (15), the fluid storage and distribution cavity (17) is internally provided with a fluid guide and distribution ring (14) corresponding to the beak wheel (6), the fluid guide and distribution ring (14) is provided with a fluid nozzle (14-1) for accelerating the flow velocity of fluid, and the fluid sprayed by the fluid nozzle (14-1) can drive the beak wheel (6) to rotate.

2. The beak wheel pressure rotating machine according to claim 1, wherein: each beak wheel (6) is provided with an independent fluid storage and distribution cavity (17), and two adjacent fluid storage and distribution cavities (17) are communicated through a fluid flow cavity (16); the fluid inlet (15) communicates with one of the fluid storage and dispensing chambers (17).

3. The beak wheel pressure spinning machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: an exhaust cavity (19) communicated with the transmission channel is further formed in the machine shell (5), and a gas outlet (18) communicated with the exhaust cavity (19) is formed in the outer side face of the machine shell (5).

4. The beak wheel pressure rotating machine according to claim 3, wherein: the fluid nozzles (14-1) are distributed on the fluid guide distribution ring (14) in a circumferential array by taking the circle center of the fluid guide distribution ring (14) as a central point; the opening of each fluid nozzle (14-1) is larger on the outside of the fluid directing distribution ring (14) than on the inside of the fluid directing distribution ring (14).

5. The beak wheel pressure rotating machine according to claim 3, wherein: the beak wheel (6) is provided with beak teeth (61) in a beak structure, when the beak wheel (6) rotates, the windward side surface of the beak teeth (61) is a forward curved surface, and the leeward side surface is a reverse curved surface.

6. The beak wheel pressure rotating machine according to claim 5, wherein: the time required for the beak wheel (6) to rotate one beak tooth is greater than or equal to the time from the contact of the fluid with the forward curved surface to the movement of the fluid to the root of the reverse curved surface, or the time for the fluid to flow out of the beak wheel (6) is less than or equal to the time from the contact of the fluid with the forward curved surface to the movement of the fluid to the root of the reverse curved surface.

7. The beak wheel pressure rotating machine according to claim 3, wherein: the included angle between the length direction of the beak teeth (61) of the beak wheel (6) and the transmission shaft (4) is theta, wherein theta is larger than 90 degrees and is larger than or equal to 0.

8. The utility model provides a power system is revolved to beak wheel pressure, utilizes the aperture control complete machine total power of the import valve of beak wheel machine which characterized in that: the beak wheel machine adopts the beak wheel pressure rotating power machine.