CN105952526A - Fuel gas-steam combined cycle equal-pressure variable capacitance slide piece rotor engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a fuel gas-steam combined cycle equal-pressure variable capacitance slide piece rotor engine, and the engine is similar to an ideal variable high-efficiency combustion gas turbine. A stator shaped like an involute curved surface, a cylindrical rotor, a rotor shaft, a rotor cover, a slide piece assembly, a side cover and a combustor form a basic acting system. The stator, the rotor, the side cover and a slide piece enable the interior to be divided into an air gradual compression chamber (like multistage compression) and a gradual expansion chamber (multistage expansion) which is large in size and acts through fuel gas after combustion. During operation, the rotor rotates to inhale air from an air inlet, carries out gradual compression while the slide piece moves, and enables air to enter the combustor from a compressed air outlet and to be mixed with fuel gas. The gas absorbs heat to expand in an equal pressure manner. Because the compression area of an expansion chamber slide piece is larger than the compression area of a compression chamber slide piece by several times and the pressure intensities are equal, the thrust at the expansion chamber side is greater than the resistance of the compression chamber by several times, an external acting force moment is formed, and an equal-pressure expansion work is done. The expanded gas is divided by the slide piece in the expansion room, and the size of the expanded gas becomes large in operation, and then an adiabatic expansion work is done.

Description

Gas-steam Combined Cycle equipressure transfiguration Slidine-vane rotor engine

Technical field

The present invention relates to heat engine, be a kind of high efficiency Slidine-vane rotor engine, be the most also the change closing acting combustion gas Formula high efficiency gas turbine.

Background technology

Existing piston engine structure is complicated, efficiency is the highest；When the efficiency of the most best gasoline engine is properly functioning General some more 20%, new general sharp this that in Decembers, 15 of Toyota's Mazda cooperation are issued reaches 40%, and this is current commercialization Efficiency the highest, but its high efficiency condition range is the lowest, and low-speed performance is the poorest, is only applicable to mixed dynamic generating；Diesel engine is imitated Rate is quite a lot of, but comfortableness is poor, weight；Existing rotary engine uses combustion-explosion type work, and efficiency is low, pollutes weight, Mazda stop over Produce；The big and heavy efficiency of steam turbine is low；Gas turbine low speed efficiency is low, and miniaturization efficiency is low.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of Gas-steam Combined Cycle equipressure transfiguration Slidine-vane rotor engine, be also close The Utopian variant high efficiency slide plate gas turbine closing acting combustion gas, is a kind of heat engine using simple cycle, is having a surplus The electromotor of the most easy Gas-steam Combined Cycle during heat utilization system.Because have open inlet open aerofluxus, Variable compression ratio, fuel continuous burning combustion gas continuous doing work, oxygen-enriched independent combustion chamber, closing acting combustion gas, expanding chamber transfiguration control Discharge pressure processed, waste heat generate the bearing track groove control slide plate reduction reduction friction mill that steam enters in expanding chamber acting, side cover The features such as damage and have high efficiency, high pulling torque, low-speed performance engine speed good, wide and relatively wide working region high efficiency, Low emission pollute little, the noise that operates steadily is little, simple in construction low cost, high power specific volume specific mass, heating installation in winter come hot fast, The advantages such as reliable durable, easily production easy care.

The thermodynamic principles of Gas-steam Combined Cycle equipressure transfiguration Slidine-vane rotor engine approximate with gas turbine, are A kind of using the gas of flowing continuously as working medium, the heat energy of fuel combustion is converted into the rotary power machinery of mechanical energy, adopts By simple cycle, electromotor sucks air from atmospheric environment and is compressed, and compressed air is at combustor and fuel combustion, gas Isobaric expansion, first does isobaric expansion merit, enters back into the gradually expanding chamber separated by slide plate and gradually expands and (be equivalent to gas turbine Combustion gas turbine), then do adiabatic expansion merit, typical heat mechanics cycle P V is schemed as in Fig. 3, ABCD, AB section is adiabatic compression, and system is done Negative work, BC section fuel-burning gas isobaric heat absorption expands, does isobaric expansion positive work, CD section adiabatic expansion, do adiabatic expansion positive work, DA section is open aerofluxus.

In the case of the generation steam that has surplus heat enters expanding chamber acting, it is again that thermodynamic cycle theoretical efficiency follows higher than Kano The Gas-steam Combined Cycle of ring.

The technical side that Gas-steam Combined Cycle equipressure transfiguration Slidine-vane rotor engine solves above-mentioned technical problem and uses Case is: electromotor is by basic working system, lubricating system, fuel supply control system, starting ignition system, waste heat classified utilization System, computerized control system etc. are constituted, and power demand is little and changes little employing one-spool engine, and power demand becomes Change big or that power demand is big used multi-rotor engine.

Basic working system includes stator, rotor, armature spindle, rotor cover, slide plate assembly, side cover, combustor etc., during work Rotor rotates from air inlet inspiration air, gradually reduces under slide plate promotes, and finally enters combustor from compressed air outlet port, With fuel mixed combustion, gas heat absorption isobaric expansion, owing to expanding chamber slide plate is more several times greater than discharge chambe slide plate compression area, pressure Equal, so the resistance of the thrust ratio discharge chambe of expanding chamber side is several times greater, forms moment of externally doing work, do isobaric expansion merit, swollen Gas after swollen volume in expanding chamber is by slide plate separation, operating becomes big, then does adiabatic expansion merit.In basic working system, band The cylindrical rotor having slide plate assembly is arranged on the armature spindle with spline, and the rotor rotor cover having vane slot is tied Structure is strengthened, and rotor cover has the sealing hydrocarbons ring sealing side cover with rotor, and side rotor is stamped lubrication equal numbers of with slide plate Oil passage, opposite side rotor is stamped lubricating oil oil outlet equal with slide plate number；With rotor shaft bearings nest on side cover, control to slide Sheet assembly the bearing guide groove of reduction, lubricating oil duct on rotor (do not have with the steam channel on the stator of bootstrap system That has a surplus heat utilization system can be as compressed air preheating channel) and stator on the connection corresponding to UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN warm water passage Groove, the rotor assembly that side cover forms rotor, armature spindle, rotor cover, slide plate assembly etc. is secured together with stator, stator, Rotor, side cover are divided into two spaces inside, and one is that air gradually reduces room, and one allows burning after heat gaseous mixture do manual work Gradually expanding chamber, stator has 4 open openings, is air inlet, compressed air outlet port (compressed air outlet port respectively The most likely be designed to prevent the semi-open unidirectional gas outlet of pressing type non-return of gas backstreaming), combustion chamber high temperature combustion gas Gas outlet (expanding chamber air inlet), tail gas air vent, the circle of stator the most different from the past or oval calotte Design, discharge chambe, the stator curved surface of expanding chamber part are all the curved surfaces of similar involute, so allow numerous slide plate share compression with The bulbs of pressure, are equivalent to multi-stage compression, multiple expansion, also allow work process become the adiabatic compression of approximate ideal swollen with thermal insulation Swollen process, this design the most effectively reduces the mechanics of materials and requires, improves efficiency, and slide plate quantity here wants many, the most theoretical Efficiency is the highest, can not be too many, and too many friction increases with heat loss, and efficiency reduces on the contrary, and additionally small part product expanding chamber leans on The end of the stator of nearly air vent can change expansion ratio, idling low oil supply small-power time shift to be designed to transportable form Open, reduce expanding chamber end of a period volume, reduce expansion ratio, shift near during big oil supply, increase expanding chamber volume, increase expansion ratio, allow Whole pressure at expulsion, close to atmospheric pressure, improves efficiency；Also having an important feature is that expanding chamber volumetric ratio discharge chambe is much larger, specifically Ratio draws substantially ratio according to operating mode during maximum running frequency according to PV=nRT；Slide plate assembly is by slide plate, bearing, combination Diaphragm seal forms, and when the rotor rotates, moves in bearing bearing guide groove on side cover, controls slide plate with stator curved surface very Close, but do not contact, then the centripetal force produced by the rotation of combination sealing sheet keeps friction low with stator low-pressure closely sealed, in order to Guarantee not produce " the pawl trace of devil " produced because of the abnormal friction of resonance generation, also to the combination sealing with stator contact Sheet devises independent lubricating structure, uses rack sleeve bearing group to reduce slide plate and friction rotor at internal rotor simultaneously, reduces Mechanical loss, the rack sleeve bearing groove of rotor also serves as grease channel；Combustor UNICOM compressed air outlet port, expanding chamber are high Temperature gas inlet, external multiple spot fuel inlet, lighter, inside there are 1 to 3 burners, also have near gas outlet mozzle UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN steam gas outlet, combustor uses lean burn, and existing gasoline engine excess air coefficient is (general at equivalent about 1 Between 0.85-1.2), low speed small power high efficiency is more than 1, and high-speed high-power poor efficiency is less than 1, and excess air of the present invention Coefficient is typically much deeper than 1, can reach more than 5, pursues environmental protection and pursues the typical gas temperature of miniaturization and seldom producing nitrogen Excess air factor about about 1.6 during about 1500 DEG C of oxide, also has bigger fuel feeding space from 1.6 to 0.9, thus short During time oil supply, power is surge, and explosive force is strong, and starting is overtaken other vehicles easily, and the engine chamber that inspiration capacity is big uses multiple burners Purpose is to close partial combustion burner fuel inlet when idling or small-power are run, and allows a small amount of fuel concentrated combustion, improves local Air-fuel ratio, is unlikely to fuel because of thin and flame-out, multi-combustor there is connection flame structure, combustor has air deflector concurrently and makees With, allow high-temperature fuel gas be between the steam that the coldest UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN produces, reduce heat loss and combustion gas erosion.

Lubricating system includes the oil at the positions such as oil filter, filter screen, grease pump, oil pipe, machine oil jet pipe, rotor side cover Lubricating system in the columnar surface of the rotors such as primary heat exchanger in road, UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, control system and to slide plate with fixed The independent lubricating structure of the combination sealing sheet lubrication that son seals.The grease pump of two systems uses stand-by pump Redundancy Design.From Grease pump lubricating oil out point major-minor oil-in near the side cover rotor shaft bearings of both sides enters rotor, in centripetal force effect Under flowed to by the vane slot of rotor and rotor cover grease channel, rack sleeve bearing groove, rotor cover lubricating oil oil outlet etc. Another side cover oil-out.

Control system that fuel supply control system includes being linked in sequence, fuel tank or (with) fuel cartridge, fuel pump or (with) gas pump, pipeline, control valve, nozzle, sensor etc..Owing to using combustor, it is possible to realize gasoline, bavin easily Single-phase or the heterogeneous switching of the gaseous fuel even solid combustions such as the liquid fuels such as oil, ethanol and coal gas, liquefied gas, natural gas, Having the electromotor of the switching construction single-phase or heterogeneous to different liquids fuel and gaseous fuel, fuel supply control system has utilization Three-way valve or the structure such as electromagnetic valve, cross valve or electromagnetic valve, different oil gas pumps are single-phase to different liquids fuel and gaseous fuel Or heterogeneous switching construction, combustor has the structure stopping supplying portion nozzle fuel, nozzle, control system and combustion-chamber burner Coupling.Suck, from air inlet, the coal dust blown afloat after additionally large scale computer can use oil gas to start or utilize high pressure gas to combustor Body is blown into coal dust or sprays into coal slurry, and power plant ultra-large type machine can directly use crane lifting or tape transport by balance cylinder Coal cinder, coal dust.

Starting ignition system includes starting power supply, motor, control system, firing circuit, sensor etc., its firing circuit High-pressure electronic can be used to strike sparks, it would however also be possible to employ heating wire hard spot fire, or have simultaneously, lighter can be designed as reduction Portable.

Waste heat classified utilization be followed successively by the order of connection water tank, pipeline, to lubrication oil cooled heat exchanger, stator compressed side Producing of before UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN warm water passage, pump recycling the tail gas through secondary heat exchanger is changed less than the one-level of 100 DEG C of hot water Hot device and parallel heating exchanger, high-pressure hydraulic pump (Redundancy Design), generation that the tail gas through three grades of heat exchangers is recycled Utilize produce three grades of heat exchangers of steam, to the cooling of expanding chamber stator higher than secondary heat exchanger, the waste heat from tail gas of 100 DEG C of hot water Vapor channel, steam separation chamber, the steam channel to the cooling of expanding chamber stator, the steam channel to combustor outer casing cooling, temperature Degree sensor etc., steam separation chamber has control gas-liquid to pass through back-water valve (BWV) and two control valves of electromagnetic air valve valve.Wherein produce steam Three grades of heat exchangers use channel heat pipe structures, allow gas-liquid have respective passage, tail gas pipeline is parallel with water pipe, and passes through water Case, cold snap waste heat from tail gas thaws.The heating radiator pipeline of heating in winter is parallel with the pipeline of pump previous stage heat exchanger, profit Improve heating radiator power with tube wall conduction of heat, when just starting, two, three grades can be utilized in advance by steam separation chamber back-water valve (BWV) The waste heat that heat exchanger absorbs, accelerates heating effect.If not using bootstrap system, the heating installation method of operation and tradition class Seemingly.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

Efficiency is high, owing to the curved surface of discharge chambe, the stationary part of expanding chamber is all the curved surface of similar involute, in multiple cunnings Under the separation of sheet, make by air inlet adiabatic compression process, constant pressure combustion heating expansion work process, adiabatic expansion acting process and determine Press the Bo Langdeng circulation that the circulation that thermal exhaust process formed is very standard, be close to Utopian variant high efficiency slide plate Formula gas turbine, owing to being closed by slide plate segmentation, so its actual efficiency is higher than normal combustion turbine, its theoretical heat Efficiency is η_t=W/Q₁=1-1/ π^(γ-1)/γ, formula shows thermal efficiency η_tMain and pressure ratio π (π=P₂/P₁), air specific heat ratio γ is relevant, and air can look at diatomic molecule, and γ takes 1.4, such as when compression ratio is 6, and pressure ratio 12.3, temperature ratio 2.05, reason Opinion the thermal efficiency be 51%, pressure ratio 25.1 when compression ratio is 10, temperature ratio 2.51, theoretical thermal efficiency is 60%, actual gasoline engine by The multiple factor such as must dispel the heat in preexpanding, cycle of operation, efficiency is low more than Ideal Cycle, and the waste heat of the present invention divides by contrast Level utilizes system to be also provided that some useful work, is Gas-steam Combined Cycle, and theoretical efficiency alreadys more than Carnot cycle effect Rate；Additionally this electromotor actual machine efficiency is higher than gasoline engine diesel engine, this from sliding vane rotor compressor efficiency than piston pressure Contracting machine is slightly higher just can show that Slidine-vane rotor engine is higher than piston engine mechanical efficiency；Heat loss is the lowest, and gasoline engine works Quick-fried in order to prevent from shaking, he has to heat radiation, and the present invention can improve organism temperature in material tolerance band, reduces heat waste Lose, for gasoline engine heat loss be the soonest when firing, and the present invention does not has heat loss at burner inner liner substantially.In a word: small-sized Motor benzin actual efficiency breakthrough 40% is very light, if having suitable insulating and wear-resistant material, compression ratio slightly higher, breaks through 50% no pressure, large scale computer should reach more than 60%.

Smooth running, this is structures shape, it is provided that comfortable driving environment.

Peace and quiet, even without deafener, this can also improve efficiency, this is because be continuous burning, tail gas nearly 1 big Air pressure discharge without sonic boom, slide plate by orbits controlling thus without shock.

Exhaust emissions is good, pollutes low, it is not necessary to exhaust gas processing device, this is because employing excess air is in combustion chambers burn, Substantially there is no carbon monoxide, a Hydrocarbon, and in the case of working temperature typical is less than 1600 DEG C, the nitrogen oxides of generation is very Few, if pursuing high efficiency to use High Temperature High Pressure, tail gas having certain nitrogen oxides, needs vent gas treatment.

During low speed, moment of torsion just can be very big, and power explosive force is higher, can promote rapidly speed, conveniently start, overtakes other vehicles, this It is primarily due to construction features and excess air coefficient when properly functioning much larger than 1, big with breaking out power under rotating speed, diesel engine The reason that during low speed, moment of torsion is the biggest, power explosive force is strong is also in that excess air coefficient is big.

High power volume, power per liter is big, high power proportion, can be lower than existing piston engine with miniaturization, production cost, Because it is the easy structure of simple cycle, the power place of volume, weight sensitive is all suitable for by aircraft, tank etc..

Engine speed range width and high efficiency working region are broader than available engine, and wide engine speed is Construction features causes, and high efficiency working region is because in the broadest working region all than available engine broadness Energy burning is completely, heat loss is low, rub change not quite.

Winter, heating installation was warm soon, and reason is to have directly utilized tail gas heating, and heat exchanger total Water is the lowest, preferentially leads to during startup Crossing steam separation chamber aqueous water reflux inlet can be by two or three grades of heat exchanger hot water circulating reflux first-class heat exchanger and pass to heating installation System.

Can be real " cylinder deactivation " easily for power demand change operating mode greatly, such as lorry low-power operating mode, allow part turn Son stops operating, fuel cut-off, and this can also reduce oil consumption.

Reliable durable, wearing detail is mainly combination sealing sheet, has self compensation feature after loss, can not be complete even if being lost Seal, slightly leak, also correspond to efficient gas turbine, because it has multiple slide plate to separate expanding chamber is multiple little independences Expanding chamber, combustion gas leaks into next stage little independently-inflatable room on a small quantity from the little independently-inflatable room of high first class pressure, and integral energy damages Losing very limited, also can also high efficiency run even creating " the pawl trace of devil ", if the non-overhaul of other machines is not Can, even if so abrasion than piston engine fast a lot, but life-span also ratio piston engine captain.

Easily produce easy care, because being not much high-accuracy adjustment.

Having variable compression ratio, this stator curved surface being because discharge chambe part is the curved surface of similar involute, compression Room open nature of giving vent to anger of giving vent to anger possesses, and when its minimum compression ratio is to compress, at air inlet, first space slide plate just to seal The ratio of critical size when critical size when closing and discharge chambe exit slide plate discharge chambe to be slipped away, this is the pressure of typical condition Contracting ratio, runs the most steady, and remaining compression ratio has certain backflow, and compression ratio is the biggest, and backflow pulsation is the most severe, solves backflow A kind of method is that discharge chambe exit adds an one-way non-return blade, makes gas outlet become semi open model, after compression ratio raises Fuel is not in equivalent supply, for pulse supply.

Portioned product has variable expansion ratio, this is because small part product expanding chamber is near the end of the stator of air vent It is designed to transportable form, improves the efficiency of more multi-state.

Accompanying drawing explanation

The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and each figure is only diagrammatically only by principle, and size is with ratio with reality not It is consistent.

Fig. 1 is principle of the invention structural representation.

Fig. 2 is the vertical section theory structure schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is several thermodynamics typical case's ruuning situation PV schematic diagrams of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is the slide plate sealing schematic diagram with side cover of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is slide plate and the seal stator schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 6 be the present invention air in basic working system is gradually reduced room, burning after heat gaseous mixture do manual work the most swollen Swollen room independently becomes another embodiment schematic diagram of air compressor, slide plate gas turbine.

Fig. 7 is UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN procedural block diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is combustor theory structure schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is oiling roller of the present invention, sealed roller drive part local theory structure schematic diagram.

Figure 10 is that the present invention uses lump coal block to make the combustor easy structure principle of another ultra-large type embodiment of fuel Schematic diagram.

Figure 11 is that the present invention uses the combustor easy structure principle of another ultra-large type embodiment of pulverized coal as fuel to show It is intended to.

In figure: 1. stator, the steam channel of 101. pairs of expanding chamber stators cooling, do not have a bootstrap system can be as pressure Contracting air preheat passage, the warm water passage of 102. pairs of discharge chambe stator coolings, 2. rotor, the UNICOM's vane slot on 201. rotors Annular groove, the vane slot on 202. rotors, 3. armature spindle, 301. armature spindle oil sealings, 302. rotor shaft bearings, 4. rotor cover, 41. turns Sub-lid lubricating oil oil outlet, 42. rotor cover grease channels, 43. rotor cover sealing hydrocarbons rings, 5. slide plate assembly, 51. slide plates with Seal stator, 52. with the sealing of slide plate and the rotor of ripple spring, the rack sleeve bearing between 53. slide plates and rotor, 54. The bearing controlling slide plate reduction of motion, 55. slide plates and the sealing of side cover in side cover bearing guide groove, 551. slide plates and side cover The diaphragm seal that prevents sealed leaves the limiting card of slide plate, and 552. slide plates and being sealed with of side cover are prevented diaphragm seal by what slide plate blocked With the spacing breach of stator friction, the slide plate lightening hole of the electromotor that 56. discharge capacities are bigger, 57. slide plate heat insulating coatings, 58. is sliding Sheet heat insulating coating slip-off preventing dovetail groove, 59. arc jump rings (illustrating with spiral spring in slide plate), 6. side cover, the control on 61. side covers The bearing guide groove of slide plate reduction campaign processed, the lubricating oil oil-in on 62. side covers, the lubricating oil oil-out on 63. side covers, The V-shape side cover heat radiation communication groove of the steam channel on connection stator on 64. side covers, on the connection stator on 65. side covers The communication groove of UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN warm water passage, 7. combustor, 71. reduce the baffle of gas shocks, and 72. have a surplus heat utilization system It is steam gas outlet, protected coating in 73. mozzles, 74. sealing gaskets, 75. cyclones, 76. flame tube heads, 77. porous Air film cooling structure flame tube pipe shaft, the jet orifice on 78. flame tube pipe shafts, 79. gas diversion pipe, 8. air inlets, 81. air Cleaner, 9. air vent, 10. multiple spot fuel inlet nozzle and lighter, 11. oil rectifiers, filter screen, grease pump, 12. profits Lubricating oil oil pipe, in 13. UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN to lubricating oil cooled heat exchanger, the combination sealing sheet of the 14. pairs of slide plates and seal stator The lubricating oil miniature oil pump of the independent lubricating structure of lubrication and fuel tank, 141. lubricating oil oiling rollers, hold concurrently and seal, 142. Lubricating Oils Hole, 143. isolating seal roller and diaphragm seals, 144. oiling rollers, sealed roller bearing, 145. oiling rollers, sealed roller Seal Oil compression ring and sealing Spring, 146. drive gear with the ratcheting oiling roller of rotor cover, sealed roller, and the water inlet pipe of 15. water receiving casees, 16. water pipes, before 17. pumps The first-class heat exchanger generating less than 100 DEG C of hot water recycling the tail gas through secondary heat exchanger and heating exchanger, 18. is high Water pump, 19. produce the secondary heat exchanger more than 100 DEG C of hot water, 20. tail gas to what the tail gas through three grades of heat exchangers recycled Three grades of heat exchangers of UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN generation steam, the vapor channel of 21. pairs of expanding chamber stator coolings, 22. steam separation chambers, 221. Blowoff valve, 23. back-water valve (BWV)s, 24. aqueous water sensors, temperature sensor, 25. aqueous water sensors, 26. electromagnetic air valve valves, 27. The section of removing when portioned product stator idling, small-power, addition section during 28. portioned product stator high power, 29. air compressors, 30. slide plate gas turbines, 31. gas flow direction, 32. sides remove gangues balance transformation room (not having in figure) in can Hold concurrently power governor with the lighter of movement, 33. dust filter screens, 34. coal powder collection pipes and gas powder enter the outlet of combustor, 35. burning beds, 36. coal cinders or coal dust, 37. balance transformation rooms, top, 38 mend coal room, and 39. realize air-fuel ratio regulation, power The place of regulation, 40. eddy flow afterburners.

Ruuning situation when ABCD is normal power output in Fig. 3, AB section is adiabatic compression, and system does negative work, BC section fuel Burning gases isobaric heat absorption expands, and system does isobaric expansion positive work, CD section adiabatic expansion, and system does adiabatic expansion positive work, DA section For open aerofluxus；ABC₃D₃E₃F₃G₃For idling or small-power ruuning situation, same AB section is adiabatic compression, and system is negative work, BC₃ Section is adiabatic expansion, and theory should be with the AC in AB section₀Overlap, AC₀The energy of section consumption and BC₃Section releasing energy is equal, actual In cause more smaller than being directly compressed to this pressure volume due to reasons such as heat loss, done negative work, produced BC₃Section adiabatic expansion Reason be owing to fuel is few, heating is few, and expanding chamber deficiency maintains B point pressure, C₃D₃Section fuel-burning gas heat absorption expands, System is isobaric expansion positive work, D₃E₃F₃Section is adiabatic expansion, and system does positive work, and owing to fuel is few, heating is few, and expansion terminates Time pressure less than atmospheric pressure, E₃F₃Part does negative work, and portioned product can be by removing the part (in figure 27) of stator, and removal is done The E of negative work₃F₃Part, improves efficiency, F₃G₃A section is open aerofluxus；AB₂C₂D₂E₂For ruuning situation during high-power output, due to The present invention itself has variable compression ratio naturally, and during so increasing fuel within the specific limits, compression ratio improves, and pressure improves, Temperature improves, and efficiency also improves, but power has pulsation, compressed air inlet port to be readily modified as preventing the half-open of gas backstreaming from bleeding off pressure The unidirectional gas outlet of open type non-return, in combustor, still fuel-burning gas isobaric heat absorption expands generally, wherein AB₂Section is adiabatic Compression, system is negative work, B₂C₂Section fuel-burning gas isobaric heat absorption expands, and system is positive work, C₂D₂Section adiabatic expansion, system It is positive work, D₂E₂A section is open aerofluxus, D₂E₂Waste portion of energy, so portioned product can be by increasing the part of stator (in figure 28), it is achieved variable expansion ratio, the D of adequate compensation loss₂F₂E₂Portion of energy, forms AB₂C₂D₂F₂E₂A perfection circulates.

Detailed description of the invention

In figure, stator (1), rotor (2), armature spindle (3), rotor cover (4), slide plate assembly (5), side cover (6), combustor Etc. (7) basic working system is formed.The cylindrical rotor with slide plate assembly (5) (2) having vane slot (202) is arranged on band Having on the armature spindle (3) of spline, the middle part installing splined shaft axis hole on rotor has allows the connection of gas-liquid free flow in vane slot The annular groove (201) of logical vane slot, it is to avoid slide plate compressed gas during reduction in vane slot, wastes energy；Rotor cover used by rotor (2) (4) carry out structural strengthening, form rotor assembly；Have in rotor cover (4) between rotor (3) and side cover (6) seal with work The sealing hydrocarbons ring (43) that plug ring is the same, side rotor cover (4) is upper to be also had and slide plate (5) equal numbers of grease channel (42), the rotor cover (4) of opposite side there is the lubricating oil oil outlet (41) of corresponding number；Side cover (6) is rotor (2), rotor The rotor assembly of the composition such as axle (3), rotor cover (4), slide plate assembly (5) is secured together with stator (1), combustor (7), side cover (6) with rotor shaft bearings nest on, the bearing guide groove (61) of slide plate assembly reduction on rotor, lubricating oil oil-in are controlled (62), the V-shape side cover heat radiation of the steam channel (101) on lubricating oil oil-out (63), bootstrap system connection stator (1) UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN warm water passage (102) on communication groove (64, heat radiation communication groove V-shape is for good production), connection stator Communication groove (65)；Stator (1), rotor (2), side cover (6) are divided into two spaces inside, and one is that air gradually reduces room, and one Individual be burning after heat gaseous mixture do manual work gradually expanding chamber, expanding chamber is the most crucial with the volume ratio of discharge chambe, concrete ratio according to Compression terminate temperature with burning after fuel gas temperature, combustion gas Molecules increase ratio, UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN water vapour molecule number ratio Example and temperature etc. determine, such as at 6 compression ratios, compression end of a period representative temperature is 600K, containing waste heat profit after environmental protection temperature combustion The mean temperature of steam be 1800K, Molecules increases and has increase by 10% altogether containing remaining thermogenetic steam, then root According to PV=nRT, volume ratio is about 3.3 times, for expanding chamber stator constant just select the maximum operating frequency working time Compression ratio as expansion ratio, actual due to heat loss etc. should be more lower slightly than 3.3；Air inlet (8) on stator (1), combustor High-temperature fuel gas gas outlet (expanding chamber air inlet), tail gas air vent (9) are open opening, the engine compressed air of simple type Gas outlet is open opening, has backflow phenomenon when compression ratio uprises, and wastes energy, and power has some pulses, is designed to pressure The unidirectional gas outlet of the semi-open non-return of open type, can reduce pulse, prevent gas backstreaming；Different from the past is that stator (1) is not Circle or the design of oval calotte, discharge chambe, stator (1) curved surface of expanding chamber part are all the curved surfaces of similar involute, this The a fairly large number of slide plate of design fits can effectively reduce material requirements and improve efficiency, additionally small part high-end product expanding chamber End near the stator of air vent can change expansion ratio to be designed to transportable form, remove, reduce swollen during low oil supply Swollen room volume, reduces expansion ratio, shifts near during big oil supply high compression ratio, increases expanding chamber end of a period volume, increases expansion ratio, allows final Pressure at expulsion, close to atmospheric pressure, improves efficiency；Owing to being no longer circle or the design of oval calotte, it is possible to stator (1) It is divided into 4 pieces of manufactures: the discharge chambe part of stator, the expanding chamber part of stator, the air inlet air vent of stator separate and independent profit Slide segregated portion in the combustor of part, stator, reduce manufacture difficulty, the position that stator (1), side cover are in sealing contact with slide plate The high hard antifriction metal (AFM) of plating；Slide plate assembly (5) is made up of slide plate (5), bearing (54), combination sealing sheet (51,52), its middle (center) bearing (54) when bearing guide groove (61) rotor to be ensured (2) on side cover (6) rotates, slide plate (5) connects with stator (1) curved surface very much Closely, but do not contact, then rotated the centripetal force holding produced by combination sealing sheet (51) close with the low friction of stator (1) low-pressure Close, reduce slide plate (5) in rotor (2) internal utilization rack sleeve bearing (53) group simultaneously and rub with rotor (2), support shaft sleeve Holding two end supports of (53) bigger or change shape, spacing for self, rack sleeve bearing (53) groove of rotor also serves as lubrication Oil passage, slide plate has the limiting card (551) preventing diaphragm seal from offing normal with the sealing (55) of side cover and prevents diaphragm seal and stator (1) The spacing breach (552) of friction, and keep diaphragm seal to seal with side cover (6) with arc jump ring (59), slide plate and the sealing of rotor By carrying out sealing hydrocarbons with the sealing (52) of the slide plate of ripple spring Yu rotor, the slide plate of the electromotor that discharge capacity is bigger has Lightening hole (56) is also closed, and there are heat insulating coating slip-off preventing dovetail groove (58) and heat insulating coating (57) in surface；Combustor (7) flame tube (77) internal have heat insulating coating, and the protected coating of mozzle (73) inside has 1 to 3 burners, external multiple spot fuel inlet, point Firearm (10), burning indoor fuel gas near exit stator (1) is upper also has UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN steam gas outlet (72), reduces gas shock Baffle (71), the close portion that has of burner divides the control unit of fuel inlet, multi-combustor have connection flame structure, combustor Design concern the exhaust emissions such as nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, Hydrocarbon, also concern the combustor life-span etc., Fig. 8 is a kind of Simple Combustion chamber design, by cyclone (75), flame tube head (76), porous air film cooling structure flame tube pipe shaft (77), Jet orifice (78) on flame tube pipe shaft, gas diversion pipe (79) allow fuel and air be sufficiently mixed burning, and specific design is permissible The Combustion chamber design of reference gas turbine simplifies, and through practical proof；Lubricating system include oil filter, filter screen, Primary heat exchanger in the oil duct at position, the UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN such as grease pump (11), oil pipe (12), machine oil jet pipe, rotor side cover, biography Lubricating system in the columnar surface of the rotor such as sensor, control system and the combination sealing sheet lubrication to slide plate with seal stator Independent lubricating structure (14), grease pump use stand-by pump Redundancy Design, in the lubricating system in columnar surface, lubricating oil From lubricating oil from import (62) along the space between side cover (6) and rotor (2), part is from vane slot (202), and part is from slide plate (5) with rack sleeve bearing (53) groove of internal rotor, another part from slide plate (5) equal numbers of rotor cover (4) In grease channel (42), rotor, the rotor cover lubricating oil near rack sleeve bearing (53) groove on the face of cylinder, opposite side is fuel-displaced Hole (41) etc. flows to another side cover oil-out (63), to movement parts and sealing member lubrication cooling；Group to slide plate Yu seal stator Close in the independent lubricating structure (14) of diaphragm seal lubrication, isolate high-temperature tail gas by isolating seal roller and diaphragm seal (143), and lead to Crossing the appropriate make-up oil of resistant to elevated temperatures high temperature rubber and plastic lubricating oil oiling roller (141), hold concurrently and seal, sealed roller, oiling roller are by driving tooth Wheel (146) is with rotor cover (4) ratcheting driving, and seals with side cover (6) with sealing hydrocarbons ring (145)；Fuel supply control system It is utilized respectively three-way valve or the design liquid such as electromagnetic valve, cross valve or electromagnetic valve, different oil gas pumps according to product stepping difference Fuel and the single-phase or heterogeneous switching of gaseous fuel, and design corresponding shower nozzle；In waste heat classified utilization system, all pipelines, change The internal diameter of hot device is smaller, reduces system water-holding quantity, and the waste heat utilization structure in figure is only used as process signal, is not true knot Structure, in figure, process is that main consideration improves vapor (steam) temperature, properly increases stator temperature, improves combustion gas, steam efficiency, if stator Material performance at relatively high temperatures is decreased obviously, then the position of the heat radiation (UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN) of stator is transferred to after water pump (two Before level heat exchange), the most not all right be just transferred to water pump before, water tank, to the oil cooled heat exchanger of lubrication (13), first-class heat exchanger and heating installation The positions such as heat exchanger (17), the steam channel (101) to the cooling of expanding chamber stator, the steam channel to combustor outer casing cooling are equal Being provided with temperature sensor, if water tank temperature is less than 0 DEG C, then water pump temporarily ceases work, and lubricating oil temperature is high just to lubrication Oil cooled heat exchanger (13) and water tank change water-cooled, and water tank water temperature uses fan active heat removal after rising, when winter just starts one Level heat exchanger and heating exchanger (17) temperature are low, suitably open back-water valve (BWV) (23) and allow two or three grades of heat exchangers (19,20) hot water add Fast Central Heating Providing, increases water supply etc. to steam channel (101) the temperature height then water pump of expanding chamber stator cooling；The height of Redundancy Design Water pump has the sensor of the most normally work, generation three grades of heat exchangers (20) of steam, steam separation chamber (22) to be equipped with liquid Level sensor and temperature sensor, there are control gas-liquid access control valve (23,26) and blowoff valve (221) in steam separation chamber, wherein The three grades of heat exchangers (20) producing steam use channel heat pipe structure, allow gas-liquid have respective passage, and tail gas pipeline is with water pipe also OK, and passing through water tank, cold snap waste heat from tail gas thaws.First-class heat exchanger before the heating radiator pipeline of heating in winter and pump Pipeline parallel, utilize tube wall conduction of heat to improve heating radiator power, can returning by steam separation chamber (22) when just starting Water valve (23) utilizes the waste heat that two, three grades of heat exchangers absorb in advance, accelerates heating effect, if not using bootstrap system , the heating installation method of operation is similar with tradition.

Fig. 6 is another embodiment of the present invention, the room that gradually reduced by air in basic working system, burning after heat gaseous mixture The gradually expanding chamber done manual work independently becomes air compressor, the schematic diagram of slide plate gas turbine, and advantage is the control on side cover (6) The bearing guide groove (61) of slide plate assembly processed reduction on rotor is more smooth, it is provided that higher rotating speed, with adapt to model plane, The contour rotating speed power demand of unmanned plane, helicopter.

Figure 10 is that the combustor easy structure principle of another ultra-large type embodiment that the present invention uses lump coal to make fuel is shown Intention, is to realize being interrupted interpolation fire coal, removing gangue by balance transformation room.The balance transformation room of gangue is removed in side Transportable lighter in (not drawing) power governor (32) of holding concurrently is used for lighting a fire or supplement underpower before and after coal cinder Time power supplement, time properly functioning take in side balance cylinder, reduce vapour lock, side balance transformation room be another function be to strike Gangue；Dust filter screen (33) air inlet mesh is little, and gas outlet mesh can allow little granule pass through, and burning bed (35) is the most tiny For the ut burning dropped, burning bed (35) is used for supporting gathering coal above；Top balance transformation room (37) is not for stopping Machine not pressure release supplements fire coal, and one of them can detach within the same time for balance transformation ceiling portion, bottom bearing plate, allows coal Falling into next layer, bearing plate has multi-sealed；Compressed air major part when air-fuel ratio regulation, power adjustments valve (39) are opened The top of combustion chamber little from vapour lock flows through, and the air reacted with coal reduces, power reduction, can with adjusting air-fuel ratio, reduce by an oxygen Change the generation of carbon, it is possible to regulation power；Eddy flow afterburner (40) allow local imperfect combustion produce carbon monoxide and air Mixing continues reaction, improves efficiency, reduces discharge.Figure 11 is another ultra-large type embodiment that the present invention uses pulverized coal as fuel Combustor easy structure principle schematic, top balance transformation room (37) for supplement fire coal, balance transformation ceiling portion, bottom In the bearing plate same time, one of them can detach, and allows coal fall into next layer, and bearing plate has multi-sealed；In Pulverized Coal Bin The steam gas outlet (72) of bootstrap system is that the coal dust how many regulations utilizing steam to spray have been rushed is how many, reaches air Fuel ratio regulation, the purpose of power adjustments (39), remaining steam enters expanding chamber, coal powder collection pipe from the outlet that air deflector 79 is other And gas powder enters the outlet (34) of combustor and collects the coal dust that rush by steam and send into combustor and air mixed combustion, coal dust The entrance of the outlet (34) that collecting pipe and gas powder enter combustor has the filter screen preventing powder ball from passing through, bootstrap system during startup Steam gas outlet (72) rushed coal dust first with other compressed gas, and utilize multiple spot fuel inlet nozzle and lighter (10) igniting.Bootstrap system can allow steam enter Slidine-vane rotor engine, it is also possible to individually pushing turbine or independent Slidine-vane rotor engine.Tail gas after UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN is with first using CaCO₃The first hydro-peening of slurry, removes dust and most SO₂、NO_x, then use Na₂CO₃Solution secondary hydro-peening, removes SO₂, NOx, or use other more professional methods to process.After burning Coal ash etc. are directly entered expanding chamber, so lubrication is the best, serious wear, in order to reduce air loss after abrasion, slide plate quantity ratio More than Zheng Chang.

Claims (23)

1. Gas-steam Combined Cycle equipressure transfiguration Slidine-vane rotor engine, is supplied by basic working system, lubricating system, fuel Answer the compositions such as system, starting ignition system, control system, it is characterized in that: have independent combustor；Air inlet, high-temperature fuel gas enter QI KOU, tail gas air vent are full open model, and compressed air outlet port is full open model or semi open model；Slide plate is large number of, band There is combination sealing sheet；The reduction on rotor of slide plate assembly is controlled by the bearing guide groove on side cover, controls slide plate and stator curved surface Closely but do not contact, then keep friction low with stator closely sealed by combination sealing sheet centripetal force；Slide plate and the sealing of side cover Closely sealed with diaphragm seal by arc jump ring；Discharge chambe, the stator curved surface of expanding chamber part are all the curved surfaces of similar involute；Part Product expanding chamber can change expansion ratio to be designed to transportable form near the end of the stator of air vent；Portioned product Band have surplus heat producing steam and return expanding chamber acting bootstrap system；Lubricating system includes the lubrication within rotor cylinder surface The independent lubricating structure that system and the combination sealing sheet to slide plate lubricate；Fuel supply control system has different liquids fuel gentle The switching construction that fluid fuel is single-phase or heterogeneous, combustor has having of multi-combustor to stop the structure for part of fuel；Part is had a surplus The heating radiator pipeline of hot classified utilization is parallel with the pipeline of first-class heat exchanger, utilizes tube wall conduction of heat to improve heating radiator merit Rate, can utilize the remaining of two, three grades of heat exchangers absorptions by steam separation chamber back-water valve (BWV) and electromagnetic air valve valve when just starting in advance Heat, accelerates heating effect.

Gas-steam Combined Cycle equipressure transfiguration Slidine-vane rotor engine the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that: one Compressed air part and the expansion work part of the basic working system of body are made air compressor and Slidine-vane rotor by independent Gas turbine, and coupled together by combustor.

Gas-steam Combined Cycle equipressure transfiguration Slidine-vane rotor engine the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that: pressure Contracting room, the stator curved surface of expanding chamber part are all the curved surfaces of similar involute.

Gas-steam Combined Cycle equipressure transfiguration Slidine-vane rotor engine the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that: swollen Swollen building volume is several times of discharge chambe volume, and concrete multiple is according to compressing the temperature of end during electromotor exemplary operation state, dividing The water vapour molecule number that after sub-number and burning, fuel gas temperature, combustion gas Molecules increase containing UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN utilizes PV=nRT Determine.

Gas-steam Combined Cycle equipressure transfiguration Slidine-vane rotor engine the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that: swollen Swollen room can change expansion ratio to be designed to transportable form near the end of the stator of air vent.

Gas-steam Combined Cycle equipressure transfiguration Slidine-vane rotor engine the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that: produce Product are with classification UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN producing steam and return the bootstrap system that expanding chamber does work, and it is that thermodynamic argument efficiency is higher than The Gas-steam Combined Cycle of Carnot cycle.

Gas-steam Combined Cycle equipressure transfiguration Slidine-vane rotor engine the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that: have The electromotor of waste heat classified utilization, heating radiator pipeline is parallel with the pipeline of first-class heat exchanger, utilizes tube wall conduction of heat to improve warm Gas heating power, can utilize two, three grades of heat exchangers by steam separation chamber back-water valve (BWV) and electromagnetic air valve valve when just starting in advance The waste heat absorbed, accelerates heating effect.

Gas-steam Combined Cycle equipressure transfiguration Slidine-vane rotor engine the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that: sliding The reduction on rotor of sheet assembly is controlled by the bearing guide groove on side cover, controls slide plate and closely but does not connects with stator curved surface Touch, then keep friction low with stator closely sealed by combination sealing sheet centripetal force.

Gas-steam Combined Cycle equipressure transfiguration Slidine-vane rotor engine the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that: sliding Sheet and the sealing of side cover are closely sealed with diaphragm seal by arc jump ring, and slide plate and being sealed with of side cover prevent diaphragm seal from leaving slide plate Limiting card and being blocked by slide plate prevents diaphragm seal from stator, the spacing breach of friction occurring.

Gas-steam Combined Cycle equipressure transfiguration Slidine-vane rotor engine the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that: profit Sliding system includes the independent lubricating structure that the lubricating system within rotor cylinder surface and the combination sealing sheet to slide plate lubricate.

11. Gas-steam Combined Cycle equipressure transfiguration Slidine-vane rotor engines according to claim 1, is characterized in that: right The independent lubricating structure of the combination sealing sheet lubrication of slide plate uses fuel tank and lubricating oil miniature oil pump, the Lubricating Oil sealed of holding concurrently Rotor is implemented rolling seal and is supplemented with lubricating oil by roller, isolating seal roller and diaphragm seal, and oiling roller, sealed roller are with driving gear and turning Son covers ratcheting driving, seals with side cover with sealing hydrocarbons ring.

12. Gas-steam Combined Cycle equipressure transfiguration Slidine-vane rotor engines according to claim 1, is characterized in that: sliding Sheet and rotor have the sealing of the slide plate with ripple spring and rotor, and rub with the rack sleeve bearing reduction between slide plate and rotor Wipe.

13. Gas-steam Combined Cycle equipressure transfiguration Slidine-vane rotor engines according to claim 1, is characterized in that: enter QI KOU, high-temperature fuel gas air inlet, tail gas air vent are full open model, and compressed air outlet port is full open model or semi open model.

14. Gas-steam Combined Cycle equipressure transfiguration Slidine-vane rotor engines according to claim 1, is characterized in that: have The electromotor of the switching construction single-phase or heterogeneous to different liquids fuel and gaseous fuel, fuel supply control system utilizes three Logical valve or the structure such as electromagnetic valve, cross valve or electromagnetic valve, different oil gas pumps is single-phase to different liquids fuel and gaseous fuel or Heterogeneous switching construction, combustor has the structure stopping supplying portion nozzle fuel.

15. Gas-steam Combined Cycle equipressure transfiguration Slidine-vane rotor engines according to claim 1, is characterized in that: fixed The high hard antifriction metal (AFM) of position plating that son, side cover and slide plate are in sealing contact.

16. Gas-steam Combined Cycle equipressure transfiguration Slidine-vane rotor engines according to claim 1, is characterized in that: when When slide plate surface, rotor surface, flame tube inner surface have heat insulating coating, there is heat insulating coating slip-off preventing dovetail groove on they surfaces.

17. Gas-steam Combined Cycle equipressure transfiguration Slidine-vane rotor engines according to claim 1, is characterized in that: row Measure and have lightening hole on the slide plate of bigger electromotor and close.

18. Gas-steam Combined Cycle equipressure transfiguration Slidine-vane rotor engines according to claim 1, is characterized in that: fortune By rotor cover to having a rotor of vane slot with carrying out structural strengthening, and use sealing hydrocarbons ring canned rotor in rotor cover with Side cover, side rotor is stamped grease channel equal numbers of with slide plate, and opposite side rotor is stamped lubrication equal with slide plate number Oil oil outlet.

19. Gas-steam Combined Cycle equipressure transfiguration Slidine-vane rotor engines according to claim 1, is characterized in that: turn Have in the middle part of the axis hole installing splined shaft on son and allow the annular groove of UNICOM's vane slot of gas-liquid free flow in vane slot.

20. Gas-steam Combined Cycle equipressure transfiguration Slidine-vane rotor engines according to claim 1, is characterized in that: combustion Burning room and have air deflector effect concurrently, the stationary part in combustor is reduced the baffle of gas shock, and also steam enters and expands The gas outlet of room, allows high-temperature fuel gas be between the steam that the coldest UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN produces, reduce heat loss with Combustion gas erosion.

21. Gas-steam Combined Cycle equipressure transfiguration Slidine-vane rotor engines according to claim 1, is characterized in that: combustion The key positions such as material pump, grease pump, water pump use Redundancy Design.

22. Gas-steam Combined Cycle equipressure transfiguration Slidine-vane rotor engines according to claim 1, is characterized in that: send out Motivation can use coal cinder: is interrupted by balance transformation room, top and supplements fire coal；Gangue is striked by balance transformation room, side； By lighter hold concurrently power governor point fight to before and after supplementary coal cinder during underpower power supplement；Adjusted by air-fuel ratio Joint, power adjustments valve regulation air-fuel ratio, the generation of minimizing carbon monoxide, regulation power；Make local the completeest by eddy flow afterburner The carbon monoxide that full burning produces mixes continuation reaction with air；The steam of UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN can enter Slidine-vane rotor engine, Can also individually pushing turbine or individually Slidine-vane rotor engine, have exhaust treatment system.

23. Gas-steam Combined Cycle equipressure transfiguration Slidine-vane rotor engines according to claim 1, is characterized in that: send out Motivation can use coal dust: is interrupted by balance transformation room, top and supplements fire coal；Pass through igniter fire；By in Pulverized Coal Bin The coal dust that rushed of how many regulations of the steam (vapor) outlet ejection steam of bootstrap system is how many, reach air-fuel ratio regulate, Power adjustments purpose；The steam of UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN can enter Slidine-vane rotor engine, it is also possible to individually pushing turbine or independent Slidine-vane rotor engine, have exhaust treatment system.