CN110593755A - 弹弓式侧部鞍形底座结构 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种陆基钻机,包括一个钻机钻台,所述钻机钻台包括V型门,具有所述V型门并限定所述钻机钻台的V型门侧面的所述钻机钻台的侧面以及与所述钻机钻台的V型门侧面相对的所述钻机钻台的相对V型门侧面。所述陆基钻机还包括井架,井架机械地联接至钻机钻台。此外,所述陆基钻机包括至少四个支撑基座,每个支撑基座通过伸缩式支撑臂连接到钻机钻台,所述支撑基座和伸缩臂形成支撑件,其中支撑基座为正方形或圆柱形。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
[无]。
技术领域
本公开整体涉及钻机,并且具体地涉及用于石油勘探和生产工业中的陆基钻机的伸缩式钻机结构。
背景技术
陆基钻机可配置为可从一个位置移动到另一个位置,以便在常称为井场的相同区域内钻探多个井。在某些情况下,可能需要跨过设有井口的已钻井。此外,陆基钻机上的井架布置可对钻探活动产生影响。例如,取决于钻机上的井架布置,现有井口可干扰地面设备的位置,诸如,例如现有井口还可干扰操作所需设备的升降。
概要
本公开提供了一种陆基钻机。所述陆基钻机包括钻机钻台,所述钻机钻台包括V型门,具有所述V型门并限定所述钻机钻台的V型门侧面的所述钻机钻台的侧面以及与所述钻机钻台的V型门侧面相对的所述钻机钻台的相对V型门侧面。所述陆基钻机还包括井架,井架机械地联接至钻机钻台。此外,所述陆基钻机包括至少四个支撑基座,每个支撑基座通过伸缩式支撑臂连接到钻机钻台,所述支撑基座和伸缩臂形成支撑件,其中支撑基座为正方形或圆柱形。
本公开提供了一种方法。所述方法包括提供陆基钻机。所述陆基钻机包括一个钻机钻台,所述钻机钻台包括V型门,具有所述V型门并限定所述钻机钻台的V型门侧面的所述钻机钻台的侧面以及与所述钻机钻台的V型门侧面相对的所述钻机钻台的相对V型门侧面,所述钻机钻台处于降下位置。此外,所述陆基钻机还包括井架,井架机械地联接至钻机钻台,以及至少四个支撑基座,每个支撑基座通过伸缩式支撑臂连接到钻机钻台,所述支撑基座和伸缩臂形成支撑件,其中支撑基座为正方形或圆柱形。此外,所述方法包括将陆基钻机定位在井场内,所述井场具有至少一排井,其中至少一口井设有井口,并使用伸缩式支撑臂将钻机钻台从降下位置升高至升起位置。此外,所述方法还包括在井口上方移动陆基钻机。
附图说明
当结合附图阅读时,进一步理解概要和详细描述。为了说明本公开,在附图中示出了本公开的示例性实施例;然而,本公开不限于所公开的具体方法、组合物和装置。另外,附图未必按比例绘制。在附图中:
图1是与本公开的至少一个实施例一致的处于升起位置的陆基钻机的透视图。
图2是与本公开的至少一个实施例一致的处于升起位置的陆基钻机的侧视图。
图3是与本公开的至少一个实施例一致的处于升起位置的陆基钻机的透视图。
图4是与本公开的至少一个实施例一致的保持处于降下位置的钻机的侧视图。
图5A-5D是与本公开的至少一个实施例一致的行走式陆基钻机的侧面示意图。
图6是与本公开的至少一个实施例一致的处于升起位置的陆基钻机的透视图。
具体实施方式
本公开可通过参考与附图相关的以下详细描述而更容易理解,该附图构成本公开的一部分。应该理解的是,本公开不限于本文描述和/或示出的具体设备、方法、应用、条件或参数,并且本文所用的术语仅用于例示目的以描述特定实施例,并且并非旨在限制本公开。而且,如在包括所附权利要求书的说明书中使用的,单数形式“一个”、“一种”和“该”包括复数形式,并且对特定数值的引用至少包括该特定值,除非上下文另有明确规定。如本文所用的术语“多个”表示多于一个。
图1和图6是处于升起位置的陆基钻机10的不同实施例的透视图。陆基钻机10可包括钻机钻台30。钻机钻台30由V型门或开60位于其上的V型门侧面58限定。钻机钻台30的V型门侧面58与滑道25和狭小通道20相邻。钻机钻台30包括司钻侧152,钻机舱154定位于所述司钻侧或从所述司钻侧悬臂安置。
节流室180可定位于或悬臂安置于钻机钻台30上。在某些实施例中,节流室180可定位于节流室滑橇182上。节流室180可包括节流器歧管184。绞车可定位于钻机钻台30、绞车滑橇或节流室滑橇182上。
在一些实施例中,可以将包括例如但不限于泥浆罐、泥浆补给罐、处理罐、泥浆处理设备、压缩机、变频驱动器或钻探线路假脱机的附加设备联接至陆基钻机10,诸如定位于钻机钻台30或从所述钻机钻台悬臂安置。
钻机钻台30可由多个伸缩式支撑臂50支撑。每个伸缩式支撑臂50可机械地连接至形成支撑件65的相应支撑基座62。在某些实施例中,支撑基座62可能为正方形。在其他实施例中,支撑基座62可能为圆柱形。
如图1的实施例所示,至少三个支撑件65可沿V型门侧边缘70布置,形成V型门支撑件排66,并且至少三个支撑件65可布置成与钻机钻台30的V型门侧边缘80相对,形成相对的V型门支撑件排68。因此,V型门侧面58平行于V型门支撑件排66和相对的V型门支撑件排68。
在图6所示的实施例中,陆基钻机10仅具有四个支撑件65。四个支撑件65中的每个支撑件可位于钻机钻台30的拐角处或附近。在该实施例中,V型门60可定位于钻机钻台30上的至少两个支撑件65之间。如图6所示,支撑件65被定位成使得任何两个支撑件65之间的距离A,A’(其中距离A是位于陆基钻机10的V型门侧面58的支撑件65之间的距离,A’是位于司钻侧或司钻侧的支撑件65之间的距离)足以允许当陆基钻机10在井场内移动时井口130在支撑件65之间通过。距离A,A’可以相同或不同。
如图3所示,每个伸缩式支撑臂50可包括液压缸52,用于使用伸缩式支撑臂50从降下位置升高和降低钻机钻台30,如图4所示到达如图1-3所示的直立位置。
进一步注意图1,井架90可以固定地或可枢转地联接至钻机钻台30。井架90可以包括井架V型门侧面92,其面向V型门侧面58。井架V型门侧面92是井架90的开口侧面。位于井架90内的设备可以包括游动滑车94。定滑车96可以定位于井架90的顶部和机械地连接到井架90的管架98上。
陆基钻机10在图1中示出,定位于井场100内,所述井场中的井110布置为井排120。陆基钻机10可以通过诸如行走或滑动的方式移动至井排120中不同的井110,而无需拆解陆基钻机10。V型门支撑件排66和相对的V型门支撑件排68隔开,如图1-4所示,行驶时,井110可在V型门支撑件排66和相对的V型门支撑件排68之间经过。如图1-3所示,处于升起位置时,钻机钻台30使用伸缩式支撑臂50定位,使井口130可在其下方经过。
在一些实施例中,如图所示,陆基钻机10可包括一个或多个液压行进机构140。在一些实施例中,液压行进机构140可定位于一个或多个支撑基座62内。在一些实施例中,液压行进机构140可以是可液压致动的,用以将陆基钻机10移动或行走到井场中的不同位置。在一些实施例中,液压行进机构140可以用于在任何方向上移动或行走陆基钻机10。
图5A-5D示出了与陆基钻机10一起使用的液压行进机构的非限制性实施例。如图5A所示,液压行进机构140可以包括行进脚105和液压升降组件107。如下文所讨论的,行进脚105可以是垫或任何其它结构,其配置成在步行操作期间支撑陆基钻机10和相关设备的重量。液压升降组件107可以包括一个或多个液压缸108,其定位成使液压行进机构140在如图5A所示的缩回位置与图5B所示的延伸位置之间移动。液压升降组件107可以通过安装结构111机械地联接至立柱40。安装结构111可以包括任何机械紧固件、板或其他适配器,用以联接在液压升降组件107和立柱40之间。在一些实施例中,安装结构111可以是外伸支架结构。在图5A-5D所示的行走操作中,液压行进机构140可以定位于如图5A所示的缩回位置。在缩回位置,立柱40可以与地面115接触,从而允许陆基钻机10的重量由立柱40支撑。当液压行进机构140处于如图5B所示的延伸位置时,行进脚105可支撑地面115上方的立柱40。
如图5C所示,一旦液压行进机构140处于延伸位置,可致动滑动致动器109以将行进脚105相对于液压升降组件107从第一位置横向移动到第二位置。在一些实施例中,如本领域中所理解的,一个或多个轴承表面、线性轴承、滚珠轴承或滚子轴承可定位于行进脚105和液压升降组件107之间,以例如但不限于在步行操作期间承受陆基钻机10和其上的任何设备的重量。滑动致动器109可以包括一个或多个液压缸或其他线性致动器114,用以将行进脚105相对于钻机10水平地移动。例如,当行进脚105与地面115接触时,如图5B所示,通过滑动致动器109移动行进脚105可促使陆基钻机10沿着地面115移动到如图5C所示的位置。如图5D所示,液压升降组件107可以从地面115缩回、提升行进脚105并且允许陆基钻机10接触地面115。如图5A所示,可以在行进脚105离开地面115时再致动滑动致动器109,以使行进脚105返回到其初始位置,将液压行进机构140重置到第一位置。
受益于本公开的本领域普通技术人员将理解,在不脱离本公开的范围的情况下,可以改变附图中所示的具体配置。
本领域技术人员将认识到,可以对本公开的优选实施例进行许多改变和修改,并且可以在不脱离所述公开的精神的情况下做出这样的改变和修改。因此,旨在所附权利要求书涵盖应列入所述公开的真实精神和范围内的所有这些等同变化。
Claims (25)
1.一种陆基钻机,包括:
钻机钻台,所述钻机钻台包括V型门,具有所述V型门并限定所述钻机钻台的V型门侧面的所述钻机钻台的侧面以及与所述钻机钻台的V型门侧面相对的所述钻机钻台的相对V型门侧面。
井架,所述井架机械地联接至钻机钻台;以及
至少四个支撑基座,每个支撑基座通过伸缩式支撑臂连接到钻机钻台,所述支撑基座和伸缩臂形成支撑件,其中支撑基座为正方形或圆柱形。
2.根据权利要求1所述的陆基钻机,其中每个伸缩式支撑臂包括液压缸。
3.根据权利要求2所述的陆基钻机,其中所述伸缩式支撑臂适于将钻机钻台从降下位置升高至升起位置。
4.根据权利要求1所述的陆基钻机,其中将所述井架可枢转地或固定地联接至所述钻机钻台。
5.根据权利要求1所述的陆基钻机,其中所述井架包括V型门侧面,所述井架的V型门侧面与钻机钻台的V型门侧面相对,其中所述井架的V型门侧面为开口侧面。
6.根据权利要求1所述的陆基钻机,还包括至少一个行进机构,所述至少一个行进机构定位于支撑基座内。
7.根据权利要求6所述的陆基钻机,其中液压行进机构是可液压致动的,用以移动或行走钻机10。
8.根据权利要求7所述的陆基钻机,其中液压行进机构包括:
行进脚;
液压升降组件,包括联接至所述行进脚的液压缸;以及
滑动致动器,包括联接至所述行进脚的一个或多个液压缸。
9.根据权利要求8所述的陆基钻机,其中所述液压行进机构的至少一部分能够相对于所述支撑基座旋转。
10.根据权利要求1所述的陆基钻机还包括滑道和猫道,与所述钻机钻台的V型门侧面相邻。
11.根据权利要求1所述的陆基钻机,其中所述支撑基座布置为V型门支撑件排和相对的V型门支撑件排,每一排支撑基座具有至少三个支撑基座,所述V型门支撑件排沿着钻机钻台的V型门侧面布置,并且相对的V型门支撑件排布置为与钻机钻台的V型门侧面相对。
12.根据权利要求1所述的陆基钻机,其中所述V型门定位于至少两个支撑件之间。
13.根据权利要求12所述的具有支撑件的陆基钻机,其中每个支撑件定位于所述钻机钻台的边缘或所述钻机钻台的边缘附近。
14.根据权利要求12所述的陆基钻机,其中两根相邻立柱之间的距离为A,并且另两根相邻立柱之间的距离为A’,其中A和A’大于井口直径。
15.根据权利要求1所述的陆基钻机,还包括定位于所述钻机钻台或从所述钻机钻台悬臂安置的钻井钢丝绳排绳器、液压动力单元、压缩机、变频驱动器、泥浆处理设备、节流器歧管、蓄能器、泥浆气体分离器、处理罐或泥浆补给罐中的一个或多个。
16.根据权利要求1所述的陆基钻机,还包括钻机舱,所述钻机舱定位于所述钻机钻台的司钻侧或从所述钻机钻台的司钻侧悬臂安置。
17.根据权利要求1所述的陆基钻机,还包括节流器歧管,所述节流器歧管位于所述钻机钻台的司钻对侧。
18.一种方法,包括:
提供陆基钻机,所述陆基钻机包括:
钻机钻台,所述钻机钻台包括V型门,具有所述V型门并限定所述钻机钻台的V型门侧面的所述钻机钻台的侧面以及与所述钻机钻台的V型门侧面相对的所述钻机钻台的相对V型门侧面,所述钻机钻台处于降下位置;
井架,所述井架机械地联接至钻机钻台;以及
至少四个支撑基座,每个支撑基座通过伸缩式支撑臂连接到钻机钻台,所述支撑基座和伸缩臂形成支撑件,其中支撑基座为正方形或圆柱形;
将陆基钻机定位于井场内,所述井场具有至少一排井,其中至少一口井设有井口;
使用伸缩式支撑臂将钻机钻台从降下位置升高至升起位置;以及
在井口上方移动陆基钻机。
19.根据权利要求18所述的方法,其中所述陆基钻机还包括至少一个行进机构,所述至少一个行进机构定位于支撑基座内。
20.根据权利要求19所述的方法,其中移动所述陆基钻机的步骤包括:
启动所述至少一个行进机构;以及
使陆基钻机行进。
21.根据权利要求20所述的方法,其中液压行进机构包括:
行进脚;
液压升降组件,包括联接至所述行进脚的液压缸;以及
滑动致动器,包括联接至所述行进脚的一个或多个液压缸。
22.根据权利要求21所述的方法,其中行走所述陆基钻机的步骤还包括:
将陆基钻机定位于井场的第一位置;
延伸液压行进机构的液压升降装置;
提升陆基钻机,使其离开地面;
启动滑动致动器,以将行进脚从第一位置移动到第二位置;
沿第一方向移动陆基钻机;
缩回液压升降装置;
将陆基钻机放置在地面上;以及
致动滑动致动器,以将行进脚返回到第一位置。
23.根据权利要求22所述的方法,还包括:
旋转液压行进机构;
重复延伸、提升、致动、缩回和再致动操作;以及
沿第二方向移动陆基钻机。
24.根据权利要求24所述的方法,还包括:
重复延伸、提升、驱动、缩回和再致动操作,直到陆基钻机位于井场中期望的第二位置。
25.根据权利要求24所述的方法,其中所述期望的第二位置为所述井场内的第二井口。
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CA3009407C (en) | 2020-07-14 |
US10358877B1 (en) | 2019-07-23 |
RU2018123150A3 (zh) | 2020-03-11 |
NO20180883A1 (en) | 2019-12-13 |
US10214970B1 (en) | 2019-02-26 |
NO344714B1 (en) | 2020-03-23 |
RU2018123150A (ru) | 2019-12-26 |
SA118390696B1 (ar) | 2022-04-24 |
RU2732755C2 (ru) | 2020-09-22 |
CA3009407A1 (en) | 2019-12-12 |
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