CN110590448A - Preparation for repairing polluted soil and promoting plant stress resistance and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Preparation for repairing polluted soil and promoting plant stress resistance and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110590448A
CN110590448A CN201910934642.1A CN201910934642A CN110590448A CN 110590448 A CN110590448 A CN 110590448A CN 201910934642 A CN201910934642 A CN 201910934642A CN 110590448 A CN110590448 A CN 110590448A
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preparation
stress resistance
polluted soil
promoting plant
parts
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CN201910934642.1A
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刘玲侠
赵永明
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05CNITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C11/00Other nitrogenous fertilisers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/40Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2101/00Agricultural use
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2109/00MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation for repairing polluted soil and promoting plant stress resistance, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-100 parts of humic acid, 20-30 parts of composite mineral, 10-20 parts of biological stimulin, 1-5 parts of biological enzyme and 1-5 parts of agricultural amino acid. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) weighing the raw materials; (2) mixing humic acid, compound mineral substance and biological stimulant, pulverizing, sieving, adding water, heating, stirring, and cooling to obtain mixed base material; (3) adding the biological enzyme and the agricultural amino acid into the mixed base material, uniformly mixing, granulating and drying to obtain the biological enzyme and agricultural amino acid. The preparation can effectively degrade and transform heavy metal pollutants in soil, break soil hardening, improve soil, and enhance the capabilities of plants in disease resistance, stress resistance, tribe resistance and the like, thereby remarkably improving the yield of crops.

Description

Preparation for repairing polluted soil and promoting plant stress resistance and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil remediation, in particular to a preparation for remedying polluted soil and promoting plant stress resistance and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the development of industry and agriculture, soil resources bear more and more pressure, and the use of a large amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides and the pollution of various heavy metals and radioactivity cause the long-term accumulation of various pollutants in soil, so that the yield of crops is reduced, the quality of agricultural products is reduced, and simultaneously, secondary pollution is caused to underground water and surface water, and the water enters human bodies through drinking water or a soil-plant system through a food chain, thereby endangering human health. Moreover, after long-term use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, diseases and insect pests are prone to occur frequently, the drug resistance is enhanced, a larger amount of the pesticides and the fertilizers have to be applied, vicious circle is formed, and the quality of agricultural products is reduced, so that the research on the restoration technology of the polluted soil quality becomes the key point of the scientific and technical research of the current environmental protection engineering.
At present, the technical principle of polluted soil remediation comprises the following steps: (1) changing the existing form of the pollutants in the soil or the combination mode of the pollutants and the soil, and reducing the mobility and bioavailability of the pollutants in the environment; (2) the concentration of harmful substances in the soil is reduced. However, the existing repair technology is not convenient to use, or the effect is limited to a specific area or a specific condition, or the use cost is high, so that the popularization and the application of the repair technology are limited.
Therefore, the development of a preparation capable of repairing polluted soil and promoting plant stress resistance is a problem to be solved urgently by the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a preparation for repairing contaminated soil and promoting plant stress resistance and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation for repairing polluted soil and promoting plant stress resistance is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-100 parts of humic acid, 20-30 parts of composite mineral, 10-20 parts of biological stimulin, 1-5 parts of biological enzyme and 1-5 parts of agricultural amino acid.
Further, the compound mineral is one or more of Maifanitum, plant-derived calcium, selenium oxide, strontium oxide, and ferric oxide.
The compound mineral substance contains various nutrient elements such as calcium, selenium, strontium, iron and the like which are necessary for plants, wherein the medical stone can remove heavy metal ions and harmful toxins in soil, effectively improve soil quality, enhance stress resistance of plants, promote growth of the plants and increase yield of crops, and the compound mineral substance is safe and nontoxic to human and animals, has no residue and no phytotoxicity to the crops and has no pollution to the environment.
Further, the biological stimulator is one or a mixture of potassium fulvate, sodium fulvate, potassium humate and sodium humate.
The biological stimulin has the further beneficial effects that the biological stimulin can improve the soil aggregate structure, loosen the soil, improve the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil and reduce the content of heavy metals in the soil; nitrogen fixation, phosphorus dissolution and potassium activation, and can play roles in increasing roots, strengthening seedlings, resisting continuous cropping, resisting diseases and improving the quality of crops; has the obvious functions of cold resistance and drought resistance and improves the stress resistance of plants.
Further, the biological enzyme is prepared by mixing superoxide dismutase and transaminase according to the mass ratio of (1-6) to (1-4).
The method has the further beneficial effects that when the biological enzyme meets heavy metals, the heavy metals compete with the substrate, and the heavy metals enter simultaneously and are combined with the substrate to form an enzyme-heavy metal-substrate complex, so that heavy metal pollutants in the soil can be degraded and converted, the concentration of the heavy metal pollutants is reduced, and the effect of repairing the soil is achieved.
Further, the agricultural amino acid is any one or a mixture of glutamic acid, phenylalanine, isoleucine, leucine, proline and derivatives thereof.
The agricultural amino acid can generate a chelation reaction with insoluble elements in soil, generate a chelate which has good solubility and can be directly absorbed by plants, and can be directly utilized in the plants after being absorbed by roots and hairs to promote the growth of the plants; the nutrient source is provided for the propagation of beneficial microorganisms, and soil organic matters can be greatly increased; meanwhile, the soil moisture regulator can absorb moisture in soil air and adjust soil moisture content.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the preparation for repairing polluted soil and promoting plant stress resistance, which comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the weight parts of the preparation for repairing polluted soil and promoting plant stress resistance;
(2) mixing humic acid, compound mineral substances and biological stimulin, crushing, sieving by a 100-200-mesh sieve, adding 2-3 times of water, heating to 40-50 ℃, stirring at a rotating speed of 400-600 r/min for 45-60 min, and cooling to obtain a mixed base material;
(3) and (3) adding the biological enzyme and the agricultural amino acid into the mixed base material obtained in the step (2), uniformly mixing, granulating, and drying at 70-80 ℃ for 20-40 min to obtain the preparation for repairing polluted soil and promoting plant stress resistance.
The invention also provides a use method of the preparation for repairing polluted soil and promoting plant stress resistance, which comprises the following steps:
the preparation is suitable for various soils and various plants, planting bases, dry land, paddy field and continuous cropping land;
the dosage is 2-5 kg/mu, and the specific dosage is different according to the pesticide and heavy metal pollution degree: the mild pollution is 2 kg/mu, the moderate pollution is 3 kg/mu, the severe pollution is 5 kg/mu, and the usage amount can be properly adjusted;
the using method comprises the following steps: directly spreading, or spraying after diluting with water; the specific using method comprises the following steps: the early stage is mainly basal application, the middle and later stages are dressing and spraying, and the effect is better when the fertilizer is mixed with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers.
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. heavy metal pollutants in soil are effectively degraded and converted, the dissolution, conversion and release of insoluble nutrients in the soil are promoted, the soil hardening is broken, the granular structure state is improved, and the supply condition, the ventilation condition and the loosening degree of soil nutrients are improved; reducing organic acid in soil, adjusting the pH value of the soil, simultaneously removing nitrate and nitrite of the soil and crops, controlling and repairing the pollution of heavy metal lead in the soil, degrading agricultural residues, improving the soil and fertilizing the soil fertility, thereby achieving the technical effect of repairing the polluted soil;
2. the method promotes the crops to have abnormally developed root systems, thick and strong roots and deep and luxuriant leaves, increases flowers and preserves fruits, and extremely enhances the capabilities of the crops in disease resistance, stress resistance (drought, heat wave, flood disasters, low-temperature cold flow and the like), three-drop resistance (fallen leaves, fallen flowers, fallen fruits) and the like, thereby achieving the technical effects of promoting the stress resistance of the plants and increasing the yield.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The preparation for repairing polluted soil and promoting plant stress resistance is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
50kg of humic acid is added into the mixture,
20kg of compound mineral (wherein, 10kg of medical stone, 5kg of plant extracted calcium and 5kg of selenium oxide),
10kg of biological stimulin (wherein, 5kg of potassium fulvate and 5kg of sodium fulvate),
1kg of biological enzyme (0.5 kg of superoxide dismutase and 0.5kg of transaminase),
1kg of agricultural amino acid (wherein, 0.5kg of glutamic acid and 0.5kg of phenylalanine).
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw materials;
(2) mixing humic acid, compound mineral and biological stimulin, pulverizing, sieving with 200 mesh sieve, adding 160kg water, heating to 40 deg.C, stirring at 400r/min for 45min, and cooling to obtain mixed base material;
(3) and (3) adding the biological enzyme and the agricultural amino acid into the mixed base material obtained in the step (2), uniformly mixing, granulating, and drying at 70 ℃ for 20min to obtain the biological enzyme-containing fertilizer.
Example 2
The preparation for repairing polluted soil and promoting plant stress resistance is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
80kg of humic acid is added into the mixture,
25kg of compound mineral (wherein, 10kg of medical stone, 10kg of strontium oxide and 5kg of ferric oxide),
15kg of biological stimulin (wherein, 10kg of potassium humate and 5kg of sodium humate),
2kg of biological enzyme (1 kg of superoxide dismutase and 1kg of transaminase),
2kg of agricultural amino acid (wherein, 0.5kg of glutamic acid, 0.5kg of phenylalanine, 0.5kg of isoleucine and 0.5kg of leucine).
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw materials;
(2) mixing humic acid, compound mineral and biological stimulin, pulverizing, sieving with 150 mesh sieve, adding 240kg water, heating to 45 deg.C, stirring at 500r/min for 50min, and cooling to obtain mixed base material;
(3) and (3) adding the biological enzyme and the agricultural amino acid into the mixed base material obtained in the step (2), uniformly mixing, granulating, and drying for 30min at 75 ℃ to obtain the fertilizer.
Example 3
The preparation for repairing polluted soil and promoting plant stress resistance is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
100kg of humic acid, namely 100kg of humic acid,
30kg of compound mineral substances (6 kg of medical stone, 6kg of plant-extracted calcium, 6kg of selenium oxide, 6kg of strontium oxide and 6kg of ferric oxide),
20kg of biological stimulin (wherein, 5kg of potassium fulvate, 5kg of sodium fulvate, 5kg of potassium humate and 5kg of sodium humate),
5kg of biological enzyme (4 kg of superoxide dismutase and 1kg of transaminase),
5kg of agricultural amino acid (1 kg of glutamic acid, 1kg of phenylalanine, 1kg of isoleucine, 1kg of leucine and 1kg of proline).
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw materials;
(2) mixing humic acid, compound mineral and biological stimulin, pulverizing, sieving with 100 mesh sieve, adding 450kg water, heating to 50 deg.C, stirring at 600r/min for 60min, and cooling to obtain mixed base material;
(3) and (3) adding the biological enzyme and the agricultural amino acid into the mixed base material obtained in the step (2), uniformly mixing, granulating, and drying at 80 ℃ for 40min to obtain the biological enzyme-containing fertilizer.
Performance testing
1. Test for repairing contaminated soil
Selecting a certain plantation in Henan, selecting a land polluted by heavy metals and hardened by soil, equally dividing into three blocks, sampling and detecting the soil before fertilization (N, P, K content, organic matter content, Pd, Cd, Hg and As content and pH value), respectively testing the preparations for repairing the polluted soil and promoting the stress resistance of plants and the using methods thereof prepared in the embodiments 1-3 (the dosage is 3 kg/mu, the primary application is mainly basal application, the middle and later periods are topdressing and spraying), sampling and detecting the three blocks of soil after 6 months, and detecting the results As shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 soil sampling test results
Item Before fertilization Example 1 Example 2 Example 3
N content (%) 10 22 21 19
P content (%) 8 25 22 23
K content (%) 5 18 18 17
Organic matter content (g/kg) 0.2 3.2 3.0 3.2
Pd content (mg/kg) 30 2.0 2.5 2.1
Cd content (mg/kg) 28 2.3 2.6 2.3
Hg content (mg/kg) 25 1.9 2.0 2.0
As content (mg/kg) 18 1.2 1.5 1.3
pH value 5.5 7.0 6.9 6.8
As can be seen from table 1, the preparations for repairing contaminated soil and promoting plant stress resistance prepared in embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention can significantly increase N, P, K content and organic matter content in soil, significantly reduce heavy metals Pd, Cd, Hg, and As content, and can adjust pH of soil, so As to achieve technical effects of repairing contaminated soil and improving soil nutrient supply.
2. Crop growth promotion test
Selecting a certain tomato experiment base in Hunan, wherein the soil fertility is medium, the soil quality is light sandy loam, the soil type is moisture soil, the three tomato experiment bases are averagely divided into three blocks, respectively carrying out experiments according to the nutritional preparation and the using method thereof prepared in the examples 1-3 (the dosage is 3 kg/mu, the base application is mainly used in the early stage, the topdressing and spraying are carried out in the middle and later stages), sowing in 4 months in 2018, harvesting in 9 months, respectively counting the fertilizer dosage, labor cost, irrigation water consumption, tomato acidity and yield, comparing with those in 2017, and comparing the results with those in Table 2.
Table 22018 and 2017 tomato planting comparison results
Item Example 1 Example 2 Example 3
Reducing fertilizer consumption (%) 65 62 60
Reduce labor cost (Yuan/mu) 250 230 230
Reduction of irrigation Water (%) 35 28 30
Reduction of tomato acidity (%) 3.2 3.0 3.2
Increase of yield (kilogram) 210 180 200
As can be seen from table 2, the preparations for repairing contaminated soil and promoting plant stress resistance prepared in embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention can significantly reduce the fertilizer usage, labor cost and irrigation water consumption, reduce the acidity of tomatoes, increase the yield, and achieve the technical effects of promoting plant stress resistance and increasing the yield.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation for repairing polluted soil and promoting plant stress resistance is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-100 parts of humic acid, 20-30 parts of composite mineral, 10-20 parts of biological stimulin, 1-5 parts of biological enzyme and 1-5 parts of agricultural amino acid.
2. The preparation for repairing polluted soil and promoting plant stress resistance according to claim 1, wherein the compound mineral is one or a mixture of more of medical stone, plant-extracted calcium, selenium oxide, strontium oxide and iron oxide.
3. The preparation for repairing polluted soil and promoting plant stress resistance according to claim 1, wherein the biostimulant is one or a mixture of potassium fulvate, sodium fulvate, potassium humate and sodium humate.
4. The preparation for repairing polluted soil and promoting plant stress resistance according to claim 1, wherein the biological enzyme is prepared by mixing superoxide dismutase and transaminase in a mass ratio of (1-6) to (1-4).
5. The preparation for repairing polluted soil and promoting plant stress resistance according to claim 1, wherein the agricultural amino acid is any one or a mixture of glutamic acid, phenylalanine, isoleucine, leucine, proline and derivatives thereof.
6. A preparation method of a preparation for repairing polluted soil and promoting plant stress resistance is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the weight parts of the preparation for repairing polluted soil and promoting plant stress resistance of any one of claims 1 to 5;
(2) mixing humic acid, compound mineral substance and biological stimulant, pulverizing, sieving, adding water, heating, stirring, and cooling to obtain mixed base material;
(3) and (3) adding the biological enzyme and the agricultural amino acid into the mixed base material obtained in the step (2), uniformly mixing, granulating and drying to obtain the preparation for repairing polluted soil and promoting plant stress resistance.
7. The preparation method of the preparation for repairing polluted soil and promoting plant stress resistance according to claim 6, wherein in the step (2), the water adding amount is 2-3 times of the sum of the mass of humic acid, compound mineral substances and biological stimulin.
8. The preparation method of the preparation for repairing polluted soil and promoting plant stress resistance according to claim 6, wherein in the step (2), the number of the sieved screens is 100-200 meshes;
heating to 40-50 ℃;
the stirring speed is 400-600 r/min, and the stirring time is 45-60 min.
9. The preparation method of the preparation for repairing polluted soil and promoting plant stress resistance according to claim 6, wherein in the step (3), the drying temperature is 70-80 ℃ and the drying time is 20-40 min.
10. The use method of the preparation for repairing polluted soil and promoting plant stress resistance according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the dosage is 2 to 5 kg/mu;
the application method is directly spreading, or spraying after diluting with water.
CN201910934642.1A 2019-09-29 2019-09-29 Preparation for repairing polluted soil and promoting plant stress resistance and preparation method thereof Pending CN110590448A (en)

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