CN110590304A - 一种玄武岩纤维复合新型墙体材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种玄武岩纤维复合新型墙体材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Ca] ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920001909 styrene-acrylic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 10
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920006327 polystyrene foam Polymers 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 2
- 206010059866 Drug resistance Diseases 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- RPUVKGKGUKVYNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.O(Cl)Cl.[Mg] Chemical compound O.O(Cl)Cl.[Mg] RPUVKGKGUKVYNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011455 calcium-silicate brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011464 hollow brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011470 perforated brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
- E04C2/06—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres reinforced
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/52—Sound-insulating materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/76—Use at unusual temperatures, e.g. sub-zero
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种玄武岩纤维复合新型墙体材料及其制备方法。该玄武岩纤维复合新型墙体材料,它是由如下重量百分比的原料构成,玄武岩纤维丝:0.6‑0.8%;玄武岩纤维网格布:0.3‑0.7%;快硬硫铝酸盐水泥:24‑25%;河砂:40‑45%;螺纹钢:1‑3%;钢筋:5‑7%;槽钢:2‑5%;阻燃泡沫:0.3‑0.4%;水:13‑15%;膨胀珍珠岩:0.24‑0.3%;粘接剂:2.9‑3.2%;早强剂或缓凝剂:0.12‑0.15%;苯丙乳液:0.6‑0.8%;硫酸亚铁:0.24‑0.26%;钙镁粉:0.49‑0.51%;混凝土表面增强剂:0.98‑1%。本发明通过特定的配比将上述各组分按照建筑学上常规的方法制成的墙体材料热胀冷缩均匀、墙板韧性好不易断裂,且产品呈弱碱性不易腐蚀铁、铝等金属材料,同时具有轻质、环保、强度高、韧性好、能耗低、且墙体材料可根据模具任意造型。适合在建筑材料领域推广应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑材料领域,尤其是一种玄武岩纤维复合新型墙体材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前在市面上出现的建筑墙体,按制作制作材料分类:
(1)砖墙(普通黏土砖、黏土多孔砖、黏土空心砖、灰砂砖、焦碴砖等);
(2)加气混凝土砌块墙(水泥、砂子、磨细矿渣、粉煤灰混合,用铝粉作发泡剂,经蒸养而成);
(3)石材墙(乱石墙、整石墙、包石墙);
(4)板材墙(钢筋混凝土板材、加气混凝土板材、玻璃幕墙等)
(5)GRC材料
上述现有材质的建筑墙体具有以下缺点:
1、钢筋混凝土可造型但质量重,韧性较差。
2、现有的蒸压加气混凝土条板质量轻但需要使用锅炉,能耗较高,或只能定尺生产,不能造型。
3、蒸压加气混凝土条板表面要与铁或铝材发生氧化反应。
公开号为CN1223326,公开日为1999年7月21日的中国专利文献公开了一种新型的墙体材料,以重量计,是由13—14%氯化镁、82—83%氧化镁、3—4%聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料、0.02—0.03%添加剂六聚偏磷酸钠,与水混合搅拌而成的硬化体。氯氧化镁水化物是一个多孔性多晶体堆积的结构,晶体相互连生从而形成致密的结构,并可在数小时内迅速硬化达到很高的强度,同时其抗弯等力学性能优良。另外,它与隔热和隔音填充料聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料具有很强的相容性,又具有耐火性能和高度的绝热性能,并且大量消化了聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料,减少了白色污染。
但以上述技术方案为代表的现有技术,仍然存在以下缺点:热胀冷缩不均匀,墙板韧性不够易断裂;产品呈酸性,易腐蚀铁、铝等金属材料。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种热胀冷缩均匀、墙板韧性好不易断裂、不易腐蚀铁、铝等金属材料且具有轻质、环保、强度高、韧性好、能耗低、造型容易的玄武岩纤维复合新型墙体材料。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:该玄武岩纤维复合新型墙体材料,它是由如下重量百分比的原料构成,玄武岩纤维丝:0.6-0.8%;玄武岩纤维网格布:0.3-0.7%;快硬硫铝酸盐水泥:24-25%;河砂:40-45%;螺纹钢:1-3%;钢筋:5-7%;槽钢:2-5%;阻燃泡沫:0.3-0.4%;水:13-15%;膨胀珍珠岩:0.24-0.3%;粘接剂:2.9-3.2%;早强剂或缓凝剂:0.12-0.15%;苯丙乳液:0.6-0.8%;硫酸亚铁:0.24-0.26%;钙镁粉:0.49-0.51%;混凝土表面增强剂:0.98-1%。
进一步的是,它是由如下重量百分比的组分构成,玄武岩纤维丝:0.737%;玄武岩纤维网格布:0.369%;快硬硫铝酸盐水泥:24.570%;河砂:44.226%;螺纹钢:1.351%;钢筋:5.037%;槽钢:2.948%;阻燃泡沫:0.369%;水:14.742%;膨胀珍珠岩:0.246%;粘接剂::2.948%;早强剂或缓凝剂:0.123%;苯丙乳液:0.614%;硫酸亚铁:0.246%;钙镁粉:0.491%;混凝土表面增强剂:0.983%。
进一步的是,所述粘接剂为801胶水。
进一步的是,所述阻燃泡沫为岩棉。
进一步的是,它是以玄武岩纤维丝、玄武岩纤维网格布、快硬硫铝酸盐水泥、河砂、螺纹钢、钢筋、槽钢、阻燃泡沫、水、膨胀珍珠岩、粘接剂、早强剂或缓凝剂、苯丙乳液、硫酸亚铁、钙镁粉、混凝土表面增强剂为原料,按照建筑学上常规的方法制成墙体材料。
本发明还提供了一种上述玄武岩纤维复合墙体材料的制备方法,具体的,它包括如下步骤:
A、按重量百分比称取螺纹钢、钢筋、槽钢,并按照建筑学上常规方法将其制成墙体钢筋骨架;
B、按照建筑学上常规方法在墙体钢筋骨架四周组装模具,并按重量百分比称取玄武岩纤维网格布,将称取好的玄武岩纤维网格布按照建筑学上常规方法铺设在模具内;
C、按重量百分比称取快硬硫铝酸盐水泥、河砂、阻燃泡沫、水、膨胀珍珠岩、粘接剂、早强剂或缓凝剂、苯丙乳液、硫酸亚铁、钙镁粉、混凝土表面增强剂;
D、将步骤C称取的原料混合后搅拌均匀得到浇注料;
E、按重量百分比称取玄武岩纤维丝,将步骤D得到的浇注料注入模具内,并在浇注过程中均匀喷射玄武岩纤维丝;
F、浇注完成后经过16小时进行脱模处理将模具拆除得到混凝土预制件;
G、将混凝土预制件放入碱性水中浸泡24小时;
H、将浸泡结束的混凝土预制件取出暴露在空气中进行空气养护24小时即可得到墙体材料。
进一步的是,在步骤D中,搅拌过程中浇注料的温度为8-25度。
进一步的是,在步骤G中,所述碱性水的PH值为8。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明所述的玄武岩纤维复合新型墙体材料以玄武岩纤维丝、玄武岩纤维网格布、快硬硫铝酸盐水泥、河砂、螺纹钢、钢筋、槽钢、阻燃泡沫、水、膨胀珍珠岩、粘接剂、早强剂、苯丙乳液、硫酸亚铁、钙镁粉、混凝土表面增强剂为原料,按照建筑学上常规的方法制成墙体材料,本发明采用玄武岩纤维丝能够增加墙体内部和表面材料之间的连接,提高混凝土预制件内部水泥强度;由于玄武岩纤维网格布具有超高温超低温使用性能,防止混凝土预制件表面产生裂纹,高抗拉强度,无长期蠕变、热稳定性好、物理化学性能稳定,能很好的抵御生物侵蚀和气候变化;利用槽钢作为墙体钢筋骨架的周边框架材料,能够大幅增加混凝土预制件强度;利用阻燃泡沫减轻混凝土预制件的重量,减少热胀冷缩变形量,提高混凝土预制件隔音性能;利用膨胀珍珠岩减轻混凝土预制件的重量、提高隔音、绝热、耐火、耐药物等性能;利用粘接剂提高混凝土预制件的内部粘接强度;利用早强剂能在冬天缩短墙体硬化时间,利用晚凝剂,能延长夏天墙体硬化时间,墙体硬化时间控制在16小时,使材料在模具内能及时发酵和充分发酵;利用苯丙乳液能使墙体内产生许多细微的气孔,从而达到克服墙体热胀冷缩的变形;利用硫酸亚铁还原水泥中的铬酸盐,能中和墙体的酸碱度,减少有毒性的铬元素,并与空气中的氧化性物质反应,起到抗氧化作用,还可以吸收部分水分,起到干燥作用;利用钙镁粉可以使得墙体硬化后放进水中养护时使养护水呈碱性充分与墙体内外发生反应;利用混凝土表面增强剂增强混凝土预制件表面的密实性,抗压强度,硬度和耐磨性,快速地提高回弹强度;且本发明通过特定的配比将上述各组分按照建筑学上常规的方法制成的墙体材料经过经验和对成品的性能测试,与现有技术相比,本发明所述墙体抗冻温度可以达到-40摄氏度,其抗冻性能相比于现有墙体提高25%;本发明所述墙体的防火等级可以达到A1级,其防火性能相比于现有墙体提高20%;本发明所述墙体的密度为1500kg/m3,其重量相比于现有墙体减轻30%;本发明所述墙体的抗压强度为5Mpa,其抗压强度相比于现有墙体提高20%;本发明所述墙体可以隔绝50dB以下的噪音,其隔声性能相比于现有墙体提高10%;本发明所述墙体的抗冲击强度为5kJ/m2,其抗冲击强度相比于现有墙体提高15%;本发明所述墙体材料热胀冷缩均匀、墙板韧性好不易断裂,且产品呈弱碱性不易腐蚀铁、铝等金属材料,同时具有轻质、环保、强度高、韧性好、能耗低、且本发明所述墙体材料可根据模具任意造型。
具体实施方式
本发明为了解决现有技术中所存在的“热胀冷缩不均匀,墙板韧性不够易断裂;产品呈酸性,易腐蚀铁、铝等金属材料”的技术问题,本发明对组成墙体材料的原料进行了重新设计,具体的,该玄武岩纤维复合新型墙体材料,它是由如下重量百分比的原料构成,玄武岩纤维丝:0.6-0.8%;玄武岩纤维网格布:0.3-0.7%;快硬硫铝酸盐水泥:24-25%;河砂:40-45%;螺纹钢:1-3%;钢筋:5-7%;槽钢:2-5%;阻燃泡沫:0.3-0.4%;水:13-15%;膨胀珍珠岩:0.24-0.3%;粘接剂:2.9-3.2%;早强剂或缓凝剂:0.12-0.15%;苯丙乳液:0.6-0.8%;硫酸亚铁:0.24-0.26%;钙镁粉:0.49-0.51%;混凝土表面增强剂:0.98-1%。本发明所述的玄武岩纤维复合新型墙体材料以玄武岩纤维丝、玄武岩纤维网格布、快硬硫铝酸盐水泥、河砂、螺纹钢、钢筋、槽钢、阻燃泡沫、水、膨胀珍珠岩、粘接剂、早强剂、苯丙乳液、硫酸亚铁、钙镁粉、混凝土表面增强剂为原料,按照建筑学上常规的方法制成墙体材料,其中,快硬硫铝酸盐水泥、河砂、水作为基本浇注料的基本材料,螺纹钢、钢筋、槽钢作为墙体钢筋骨架的基本材料,同时,本发明采用玄武岩纤维丝能够增加墙体内部和表面材料之间的连接,提高混凝土预制件内部水泥强度;由于玄武岩纤维网格布具有超高温超低温使用性能,防止混凝土预制件表面产生裂纹,高抗拉强度,无长期蠕变、热稳定性好、物理化学性能稳定,能很好的抵御生物侵蚀和气候变化;利用槽钢作为墙体钢筋骨架的周边框架材料,能够大幅增加混凝土预制件强度;利用阻燃泡沫减轻混凝土预制件的重量,减少热胀冷缩变形量,提高混凝土预制件隔音性能;利用膨胀珍珠岩减轻混凝土预制件的重量、提高隔音、绝热、耐火、耐药物等性能;利用粘接剂提高混凝土预制件的内部粘接强度;利用早强剂能在冬天缩短墙体硬化时间,利用晚凝剂,能延长夏天墙体硬化时间,墙体硬化时间控制在16小时,使材料在模具内能及时发酵和充分发酵;利用苯丙乳液能使墙体内产生许多细微的气孔,从而达到克服墙体热胀冷缩的变形;利用硫酸亚铁还原水泥中的铬酸盐,能中和墙体的酸碱度,减少有毒性的铬元素,并与空气中的氧化性物质反应,起到抗氧化作用,还可以吸收部分水分,起到干燥作用;利用钙镁粉可以使得墙体硬化后放进水中养护时使养护水呈碱性充分与墙体内外发生反应;利用混凝土表面增强剂增强混凝土预制件表面的密实性,抗压强度,硬度和耐磨性,快速地提高回弹强度;且本发明通过特定的配比将上述各组分按照建筑学上常规的方法制成的墙体材料经过经验和对成品的性能测试,与现有技术相比,本发明所述墙体抗冻温度可以达到-40摄氏度,其抗冻性能相比于现有墙体提高25%;本发明所述墙体的防火等级可以达到A1级,其防火性能相比于现有墙体提高20%;本发明所述墙体的密度为1500kg/m3,其重量相比于现有墙体减轻30%;本发明所述墙体的抗压强度为5Mpa,其抗压强度相比于现有墙体提高20%;本发明所述墙体可以隔绝50dB以下的噪音,其隔声性能相比于现有墙体提高10%;本发明所述墙体的抗冲击强度为5kJ/m2,其抗冲击强度相比于现有墙体提高15%;本发明所述墙体材料热胀冷缩均匀、墙板韧性好不易断裂,且产品呈弱碱性不易腐蚀铁、铝等金属材料,同时具有轻质、环保、强度高、韧性好、能耗低、且本发明所述墙体材料可根据模具任意造型。
在上述实施方式中,为了进一步提高混凝土预制件的内部粘接强度,所述粘接剂优选为801胶水。
为了更好地减轻混凝土预制件的重量,减少热胀冷缩变形量,提高混凝土预制件隔音性能,所述阻燃泡沫优选为岩棉。
本发明所述的墙体材料可以以玄武岩纤维丝、玄武岩纤维网格布、快硬硫铝酸盐水泥、河砂、螺纹钢、钢筋、槽钢、阻燃泡沫、水、膨胀珍珠岩、粘接剂、早强剂或缓凝剂、苯丙乳液、硫酸亚铁、钙镁粉、混凝土表面增强剂为原料,按照建筑学上常规的方法制成墙体材料。也可以采用如下所述的玄武岩纤维复合墙体材料的制备方法,具体的,它包括如下步骤:
A、按重量百分比称取螺纹钢、钢筋、槽钢,并按照建筑学上常规方法将其制成墙体钢筋骨架;
B、按照建筑学上常规方法在墙体钢筋骨架四周组装模具,并按重量百分比称取玄武岩纤维网格布,将称取好的玄武岩纤维网格布按照建筑学上常规方法铺设在模具内;
C、按重量百分比称取快硬硫铝酸盐水泥、河砂、阻燃泡沫、水、膨胀珍珠岩、粘接剂、早强剂或缓凝剂、苯丙乳液、硫酸亚铁、钙镁粉、混凝土表面增强剂;
D、将步骤C称取的原料混合后搅拌均匀得到浇注料;
E、按重量百分比称取玄武岩纤维丝,将步骤D得到的浇注料注入模具内,并在浇注过程中均匀喷射玄武岩纤维丝;
F、浇注完成后经过16小时进行脱模处理将模具拆除得到混凝土预制件;
G、将混凝土预制件放入碱性水中浸泡24小时;
H、将浸泡结束的混凝土预制件取出暴露在空气中进行空气养护24小时即可得到墙体材料。
为了保证浇注料混合均匀,在步骤D中,搅拌过程中浇注料的温度为8-25度。另外,在步骤G中,所述碱性水的PH值优选为8。
实施例
A、称取螺纹钢55kg、钢筋205kg、槽钢120kg,并按照建筑学上常规方法将其制成墙体钢筋骨架;
B、按照建筑学上常规方法在墙体钢筋骨架四周组装模具,并称取玄武岩纤维网格布15kg,将称取好的玄武岩纤维网格布按照建筑学上常规方法铺设在模具内;
C、称取快硬硫铝酸盐水泥1000kg、河砂1800kg、岩棉15kg、水600kg、膨胀珍珠岩10kg、801胶水120kg、早强剂或缓凝剂5kg、苯丙乳液25kg、硫酸亚铁10kg、钙镁粉20kg、混凝土表面增强剂40kg;
D、将步骤C称取的原料混合后搅拌均匀得到浇注料,搅拌过程中浇注料的温度为8-25度;
E、称取玄武岩纤维丝30kg,将步骤D得到的浇注料注入模具内,并在浇注过程中均匀喷射玄武岩纤维丝;
F、浇注完成后经过16小时进行脱模处理将模具拆除得到混凝土预制件;
G、将混凝土预制件放入PH=8的碱性水中浸泡24小时;
H、将浸泡结束的混凝土预制件取出暴露在空气中进行空气养护24小时即可得到墙体材料。
经过经验和对成品的性能测试,与现有技术相比,本发明所述墙体抗冻温度可以达到-40摄氏度,其抗冻性能相比于现有墙体提高25%;本发明所述墙体的防火等级可以达到A1级,其防火性能相比于现有墙体提高20%;本发明所述墙体的密度为1500kg/m3,其重量相比于现有墙体减轻30%;本发明所述墙体的抗压强度为5Mpa,其抗压强度相比于现有墙体提高20%;本发明所述墙体可以隔绝50dB以下的噪音,其隔声性能相比于现有墙体提高10%;本发明所述墙体的抗冲击强度为5kJ/m2,其抗冲击强度相比于现有墙体提高15%。本发明所述墙体材料热胀冷缩均匀、墙板韧性好不易断裂,且产品呈弱碱性不易腐蚀铁、铝等金属材料,同时具有轻质、环保、强度高、韧性好、能耗低、且本发明所述墙体材料可根据模具任意造型。
Claims (8)
1.一种玄武岩纤维复合墙体材料,其特征在于:它是由如下重量百分比的原料构成,玄武岩纤维丝:0.6-0.8%;玄武岩纤维网格布:0.3-0.7%;快硬硫铝酸盐水泥:24-25%;河砂:40-45%;螺纹钢:1-3%;钢筋:5-7%;槽钢:2-5%;阻燃泡沫:0.3-0.4%;水:13-15%;膨胀珍珠岩:0.24-0.3%;粘接剂:2.9-3.2%;早强剂或缓凝剂:0.12-0.15%;苯丙乳液:0.6-0.8%;硫酸亚铁:0.24-0.26%;钙镁粉:0.49-0.51%;混凝土表面增强剂:0.98-1%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的玄武岩纤维复合墙体材料,其特征在于:它是由如下重量百分比的组分构成,玄武岩纤维丝:0.737%;玄武岩纤维网格布:0.369%;快硬硫铝酸盐水泥:24.570%;河砂:44.226%;螺纹钢:1.351%;钢筋:5.037%;槽钢:2.948%;阻燃泡沫:0.369%;水:14.742%;膨胀珍珠岩:0.246%;粘接剂::2.948%;早强剂或缓凝剂:0.123%;苯丙乳液:0.614%;硫酸亚铁:0.246%;钙镁粉:0.491%;混凝土表面增强剂:0.983%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的玄武岩纤维复合墙体材料,其特征在于:所述粘接剂为801胶水。
4.根据权利要求1所述的玄武岩纤维复合墙体材料,其特征在于:所述阻燃泡沫为岩棉。
5.根据权利要求1或2或3或4所述的玄武岩纤维复合墙体材料,其特征在于:它是以玄武岩纤维丝、玄武岩纤维网格布、快硬硫铝酸盐水泥、河砂、螺纹钢、钢筋、槽钢、阻燃泡沫、水、膨胀珍珠岩、粘接剂、早强剂或缓凝剂、苯丙乳液、硫酸亚铁、钙镁粉、混凝土表面增强剂为原料,按照建筑学上常规的方法制成墙体材料。
6.权利要求1-5任意一项所述的玄武岩纤维复合墙体材料的制备方法,其特征在于:它包括如下步骤:
A、按重量百分比称取螺纹钢、钢筋、槽钢,并按照建筑学上常规方法将其制成墙体钢筋骨架;
B、按照建筑学上常规方法在墙体钢筋骨架四周组装模具,并按重量百分比称取玄武岩纤维网格布,将称取好的玄武岩纤维网格布按照建筑学上常规方法铺设在模具内;
C、按重量百分比称取快硬硫铝酸盐水泥、河砂、阻燃泡沫、水、膨胀珍珠岩、粘接剂、早强剂或缓凝剂、苯丙乳液、硫酸亚铁、钙镁粉、混凝土表面增强剂;
D、将步骤C称取的原料混合后搅拌均匀得到浇注料;
E、按重量百分比称取玄武岩纤维丝,将步骤D得到的浇注料注入模具内,并在浇注过程中均匀喷射玄武岩纤维丝;
F、浇注完成后经过16小时进行脱模处理将模具拆除得到混凝土预制件;
G、将混凝土预制件放入碱性水中浸泡24小时;
H、将浸泡结束的混凝土预制件取出暴露在空气中进行空气养护24小时即可得到墙体材料。
7.如权利要求6所述的玄武岩纤维复合墙体材料的制备方法,其特征在于:在步骤D中,搅拌过程中浇注料的温度为8-25度。
8.如权利要求6所述的玄武岩纤维复合墙体材料的制备方法,其特征在于:在步骤G中,所述碱性水的PH值为8。
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CN114105551A (zh) * | 2020-08-28 | 2022-03-01 | 首钢水城钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 | 一种玄武岩纤维复合筋增强轻质墙板及其制备方法 |
CN115572532A (zh) * | 2022-09-15 | 2023-01-06 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 | 一种促进玄武岩纤维与钢材复合的涂料及其制备方法 |
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