CN110583709A - Seed soaking agent for improving germination rate of rice seeds and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Seed soaking agent for improving germination rate of rice seeds and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a seed soaking agent for improving the germination rate of rice seeds and a preparation method thereof, wherein the seed soaking agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of seaweed essence, 1-2 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.3-0.8 part of brassinolide, 0.5-1.0 part of plant extract, 0.3-0.8 part of uniconazole and 300-500 parts of water; the plant extract is prepared by mixing 5 (1-2) parts by weight of walnut leaf extract, 1-2 parts by weight of pomegranate leaf extract, 1-3 parts by weight of Chinese tallow tree leaf extract and camphor tree leaf extract; the seed soaking agent disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of low toxicity and good sterilization and disease resistance, and can be used for remarkably improving the germination rate, the germination vigor and the germination index of rice seeds under low-temperature stress.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rice seed treatment, in particular to a seed soaking agent for improving the germination rate of rice seeds and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The hybrid rice seeds are the most basic and important raw materials for farmers to plant rice, and the germination rate and the germination effect of the hybrid rice seeds have great influence on the high efficiency and the high yield of crop production. The seeds begin to improve the germination potential and the germination condition, and have important improvement effect on the growth condition of seedlings and a series of growth conditions.
Therefore, the seed soaking treatment of the rice seeds is an indispensable link in rice production, the seed soaking agent is utilized to fully absorb water, sterilize and supplement nutrient substances, and the like, so that the problems of long seed dormancy period, low germination rate and low germination quality caused by the growth factors of the seed soaking agent are solved, the germination of the seeds is promoted, but the problems of insignificant effect and short duration exist, and the existing seed soaking agent cannot effectively avoid the influence of the rice seeds on the seeds due to external environmental factors, particularly in a low-temperature area, the low-temperature stress effect of the rice seeds is enhanced along with the reduction of the climate temperature, so that the problems of low germination rate, poor germination potential and low germination quality of the rice seeds are caused, and the application of the seed soaking agent in rice planting is greatly limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a seed soaking agent for improving the germination rate of rice seeds and a preparation method thereof, and the seed soaking agent has low toxicity and can obviously improve the germination rate, the germination vigor and the germination index of the rice seeds under low-temperature stress.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the invention provides a seed soaking agent for improving the germination rate of rice seeds, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of seaweed essence, 1-2 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.3-0.8 part of brassinolide, 0.5-1.0 part of plant extract, 0.3-0.8 part of uniconazole and 300-500 parts of water; the plant extract is prepared by mixing 5 (1-2) parts by weight of walnut leaf extract, 1-2 parts by weight of pomegranate leaf extract, 1-3 parts by weight of Chinese tallow tree leaf extract and camphor tree leaf extract. According to the invention, the seaweed extract and the compound sodium nitrophenolate are compounded to a certain extent, and the synergistic effect of the PTZ lactone, the plant extract and the uniconazole is combined, so that the activity of the enzyme in rice seeds is effectively improved, and the division and the growth of rice cells are promoted; meanwhile, by preferably combining the plant extract and the algae essence which are formed by mixing the extracts of the walnut leaves, the pomegranate leaves, the Chinese tallow tree leaves and the camphor tree leaves according to a certain proportion, the extracts of the walnut leaves, the pomegranate leaves and the like have the sterilization characteristic, the functions of inhibiting and killing harmful ova and germs carried in rice seeds are achieved, the sensitivity of rice seed cells to low-temperature stress is relieved, the germination rate, the germination vigor and the germination index of the rice seeds under the low-temperature stress can be improved to the maximum extent, and therefore the germination quality of the rice seeds is greatly improved, and the antibacterial and disease-resistant performances are good.
Further explaining, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of seaweed essence, 1-1.5 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.4-0.5 part of brassinolide, 0.6-0.8 part of plant extract, 0.4-0.6 part of uniconazole and 300-400 parts of water.
More preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of seaweed extract, 1.5 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.5 part of brassinolide, 0.7 part of plant extract, 0.5 part of uniconazole and 400 parts of water.
More preferably, the plant extract is prepared by mixing walnut leaf extract, pomegranate leaf extract, Chinese tallow tree leaf extract and camphor tree leaf extract according to the weight ratio of 5:1:1: 2. The plant extracts are selected from walnut leaves, pomegranate leaves, Chinese tallow tree leaves and camphor tree leaves as raw materials for extraction, and the combination proportion is adjusted and controlled, so that the sterilization effect of the plant extracts on seeds is improved, the low-temperature stress sensitivity of the seeds is reduced, and the germination rate and the low-temperature resistance of rice seeds are improved.
Further, the walnut leaf extract, the pomegranate leaf extract, the Chinese tallow tree leaf extract and the camphor leaf extract of the plant extracts are all ethanol extracts. Experiments show that the ethanol extract of the plants is more favorable for accelerating seed germination under low-temperature stress compared with the extraction of other solvents.
Further, the walnut leaf extract and the pomegranate leaf extract are obtained by performing reflux extraction for 3-4 times by using 80-85 v/v% ethanol solution as an extraction solvent.
Further, the Chinese tallow tree leaf extract and the camphor tree leaf extract are respectively prepared by leaching 60-70 v/v% ethanol solution at 50-60 ℃ for more than or equal to 48 hours at constant temperature. The extraction method is simple and convenient, and the yield of the extract is stable.
Further, in the seed soaking process, the weight ratio of the seed soaking agent to the rice seeds is (0.3-0.5): 1. the proportion of the seed soaking agent to the rice seeds is adjusted, so that the influence on the germination efficiency of the rice seeds caused by overhigh concentration is avoided.
Further, the use method of the seed soaking agent comprises the steps of immersing rice seeds in the seed soaking agent according to the weight ratio, soaking for 5-8 hours at a constant temperature of 28-30 ℃, introducing ultrasonic waves for ultrasonic treatment for 5-10 min, taking out the filtering agent, placing the mixture into a container to be treated at a constant temperature of 10-15 ℃ and a low temperature for 10-12 hours, and cleaning the container to be used for accelerating germination and raising seedlings. According to the seed soaking method, the germination rate, the germination potential and the germination index of the rice seeds are further improved.
A preparation method of a seed soaking agent for improving the germination rate of rice seeds comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing raw materials according to the weight part ratio, adding the seaweed extract, the compound sodium nitrophenolate, the brassinolide and the uniconazole into water, and mixing and dissolving to obtain a mixed primary liquid;
(2) adding the plant extract into the primary mixed solution, and stirring and dissolving for 5-10 min at a constant temperature of 30-35 ℃ and under the ultrasonic condition of 30-50 KHz at a stirring speed of 120-150 r/min to obtain a seed soaking agent finished product.
According to the preparation method of the seed soaking agent, the plant extract is subjected to low-temperature constant-temperature ultrasonic mixing, so that the mixing effect with other components is improved, and the operation is simple.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the seed soaking agent disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of low toxicity and good sterilization and disease resistance, and can be used for remarkably improving the germination rate, the germination vigor and the germination index of rice seeds under low-temperature stress. Seaweed extract and compound sodium nitrophenolate are compounded to a certain extent, and the synergistic effect of the PTZ lactone, the plant extract and the uniconazole is combined, so that the activity of the enzyme in rice seeds is effectively improved, and the division and the growth of rice cells are promoted; meanwhile, the combination of the plant extract and the algae essence which are formed by mixing the extracts of the walnut leaves, the pomegranate leaves, the Chinese tallow tree leaves and the camphor tree leaves according to a certain proportion is preferred, the sterilization characteristics of the extracts of the walnut leaves, the pomegranate leaves and the like are utilized, the effects of inhibiting and killing harmful ova and germs carried in rice seeds are achieved, the sensitivity of rice seed cells to low-temperature stress is relieved, the germination rate, the germination vigor and the germination index of the rice seeds under the low-temperature stress can be improved to the maximum extent, and therefore the germination quality of the rice seeds is greatly improved, and the antibacterial and disease-resistant performances are good.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the invention.
The experimental methods used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the examples of the present invention can be obtained commercially without specific description.
Example 1-a seed soaking agent for increasing the germination rate of rice seeds, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of seaweed extract, 2 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.3 part of brassinolide, 1.0 part of plant extract, 0.3 part of uniconazole and 300 parts of water; the plant extract is prepared by mixing walnut leaf extract, pomegranate leaf extract, Chinese tallow tree leaf extract and camphor tree leaf extract according to the weight ratio of 5:2:2: 3.
The seed soaking agent components are weighed according to the proportion, and are added, stirred and mixed according to the conventional method, so that the finished seed soaking agent is obtained.
Example 2-a seed soaking agent for increasing the germination rate of rice seeds, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of seaweed extract, 1 part of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.8 part of brassinolide, 0.5 part of plant extract, 0.8 part of uniconazole and 500 parts of water; the plant extract is prepared by mixing walnut leaf extract, pomegranate leaf extract, Chinese tallow tree leaf extract and camphor tree leaf extract according to the weight ratio of 5:2:2: 1.
The peach leaf extract and the pomegranate leaf extract are walnut leaf ethanol extract and pomegranate leaf ethanol extract which are obtained by performing reflux extraction for 3 times by adopting 85 v/v% ethanol solution as an extraction solvent.
The Chinese tallow tree leaf extract and the camphor tree leaf extract are respectively prepared by leaching at 50 ℃ for more than or equal to 48 hours by adopting 70 v/v% ethanol solution.
The seed soaking agent components are weighed according to the proportion, and are added, stirred and mixed according to the conventional method, so that the finished seed soaking agent is obtained.
Example 3-a seed soaking agent for increasing the germination rate of rice seeds, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of seaweed extract, 1.5 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.5 part of brassinolide, 0.7 part of plant extract, 0.5 part of uniconazole and 400 parts of water; the plant extract is prepared by mixing walnut leaf extract, pomegranate leaf extract, Chinese tallow tree leaf extract and camphor tree leaf extract according to the weight ratio of 5:1:1: 2.
The peach leaf extract and the pomegranate leaf extract are walnut leaf ethanol extract and pomegranate leaf ethanol extract which are obtained by performing reflux extraction for 4 times by adopting 80 v/v% ethanol solution as an extraction solvent.
The Chinese tallow tree leaf extract and the camphor tree leaf extract are respectively prepared by leaching at 60 ℃ for more than or equal to 48 hours by adopting 60 v/v% ethanol solution.
The seed soaking agent components are weighed according to the proportion, and are added, stirred and mixed according to the conventional method, so that the finished seed soaking agent is obtained.
Example 4-a seed soaking agent for increasing the germination rate of rice seeds, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of seaweed extract, 1.5 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.5 part of brassinolide, 0.7 part of plant extract, 0.5 part of uniconazole and 400 parts of water; the plant extract is prepared by mixing walnut leaf extract, pomegranate leaf extract, Chinese tallow tree leaf extract and camphor tree leaf extract according to the weight ratio of 5:1:1: 2.
The peach leaf extract and the pomegranate leaf extract are walnut leaf ethanol extract and pomegranate leaf ethanol extract which are obtained by performing reflux extraction for 4 times by adopting 83 v/v% ethanol solution as an extraction solvent.
The Chinese tallow tree leaf extract and the camphor tree leaf extract are respectively prepared by leaching 65 v/v% ethanol solution at 55 ℃ for more than or equal to 48 hours.
The preparation method of the seed soaking agent comprises the following steps: (1) weighing raw materials according to the weight part ratio, adding the seaweed extract, the compound sodium nitrophenolate, the brassinolide and the uniconazole into water, and mixing and dissolving to obtain a mixed primary liquid;
(2) adding the plant extract into the primary mixed solution, and stirring and dissolving at 30 deg.C and 30KHz ultrasonic for 10min at constant temperature and stirring speed of 120r/min to obtain seed soaking agent.
Example 5-a seed soaking agent for increasing the germination rate of rice seeds, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of seaweed extract, 1.5 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.5 part of brassinolide, 0.7 part of plant extract, 0.5 part of uniconazole and 400 parts of water; the plant extract is prepared by mixing walnut leaf extract, pomegranate leaf extract, Chinese tallow tree leaf extract and camphor tree leaf extract according to the weight ratio of 5:1:1: 2.
The peach leaf extract and the pomegranate leaf extract are walnut leaf ethanol extract and pomegranate leaf ethanol extract which are obtained by performing reflux extraction for 4 times by adopting 83 v/v% ethanol solution as an extraction solvent.
The Chinese tallow tree leaf extract and the camphor tree leaf extract are respectively prepared by leaching 65 v/v% ethanol solution at 55 ℃ for more than or equal to 48 hours.
The preparation method of the seed soaking agent comprises the following steps: (1) weighing raw materials according to the weight part ratio, adding the seaweed extract, the compound sodium nitrophenolate, the brassinolide and the uniconazole into water, and mixing and dissolving to obtain a mixed primary liquid;
(2) adding the plant extract into the primary mixed solution, and stirring and dissolving at constant temperature of 35 deg.C and 50KHz under ultrasonic condition for 5min at stirring speed of 150r/min to obtain seed soaking agent.
Comparative example 1-a seed soaking agent for increasing the germination rate of rice seeds, which is different from example 3 in that the seed soaking agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of seaweed extract, 1.5 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.5 part of brassinolide, 1.2 parts of plant extract, 0.5 part of uniconazole and 400 parts of water, and the rest parameters are the same as those in example 3.
Comparative example 2-a seed soaking agent for increasing the germination rate of rice seeds, which is different from example 3 in that: the plant extract is prepared by mixing walnut leaf extract, pomegranate leaf extract, Chinese tallow tree leaf extract and camphor tree leaf extract according to the weight ratio of 4:1:1:2, and the rest parameters are the same as those in the embodiment 3.
Comparative example 3-a seed soaking agent for increasing the germination rate of rice seeds, which is different from example 3 in that: the plant extract is prepared by mixing walnut leaf extract, chinaberry leaf extract, Chinese tallow tree leaf extract and camphor tree leaf extract according to the weight ratio of 5:1:1:2, and the rest parameters are the same as those in the embodiment 3.
Comparative example 4-a seed soaking agent for increasing the germination rate of rice seeds, which is different from example 3 in that: the walnut leaf extract, pomegranate leaf extract, Chinese tallow tree leaf extract and camphor leaf extract of the plant extracts were methanol extracts, and the remaining parameters were the same as in example 3.
Comparative example 5-a seed soaking agent for increasing the germination rate of rice seeds, which is different from example 5 in that: in the step (2) of the preparation method of the seed soaking agent, the plant extract is added into the mixed primary liquid, and is stirred and dissolved at a constant temperature under the ultrasonic condition of 40 ℃ and 50KHz to obtain a finished seed soaking agent, and the other parameters are the same as those in the example 5.
1. Seed soaking treatment
(1) Immersing the hybrid rice seeds of the Xinhuoyou 206 in the seed soaking agent in the embodiments 1, 3 and 4 and the comparative examples 1-4 for 48 hours, taking out the seeds, washing the rice seeds with distilled water, wherein the weight ratio of the seed soaking agent to the rice seeds is 0.3: 1.
(2) immersing the rice seeds in the seed soaking agents in the embodiments 2 and 5 and the comparative example 5, soaking for 8h at a constant temperature of 28 ℃, introducing ultrasonic waves for 10min, taking out the filtering agent, placing the mixture in a condition of 10 ℃ for constant-temperature low-temperature treatment for 12h, and cleaning the rice seeds with distilled water; the weight ratio of the seed soaking agent to the rice seeds is 0.3: 1.
2. low temperature treatment and Standard Germination test
The rice seeds of examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 5 after seed soaking treatment were sampled, each group of 100 rice seeds was repeated 3 times, and the rice seeds were dark-treated at 4 ℃ for 6 days, then dark-treated at 8 ℃ for 10 days, and treated at low temperature for 16 days, and after the low-temperature treatment, the rice seeds were subjected to standard germination and germination tests at 25 ℃ for 8 hours under illumination.
3. Measurement method
And (4) counting the germination condition of the rice seeds every day after the standard germination acceleration and germination start, and respectively counting the germination rate, the germination potential and the germination index of the rice seeds.
The germination potential (number of germinated seeds/total number of test seeds in 4 d) × 100%
The germination rate (number of germinated seeds in 7 days/total number of test seeds) × 100%
Germination Index (GI) versus germination index (GRI) versus Σ (Gt/Dt)
Vitality Index (VI) ═ GI × S
Wherein Gt is the germination number of the t day after the initiation of germination, Dt is the corresponding germination number of days, and S is the seedling quality or the seedling length in a certain period).
The experimental data were statistically analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2013, and the results are shown in the following table:
| examples | Average germination percentage% | Average germination potential% | Average germination index | Average viability index |
| Example 1 | 95.9 | 92.8 | 21.4 | 85.6 |
| Example 2 | 96.4 | 94.5 | 25.1 | 87.5 |
| Example 3 | 96.2 | 93.6 | 24.9 | 85.9 |
| Example 4 | 96.5 | 94.7 | 26.8 | 88.3 |
| Example 5 | 98.3 | 96.5 | 28.5 | 89.4 |
| Comparative example 1 | 68.0 | 63.5 | 11.8 | 56.2 |
| Comparative example 2 | 70.8 | 66.7 | 12.4 | 58.1 |
| Comparative example 3 | 73.5 | 68.6 | 12.9 | 60.5 |
| Comparative example 4 | 75.2 | 71.5 | 13.1 | 62.7 |
| Comparative example 5 | 82.1 | 79.4 | 14.6 | 65.3 |
As can be seen from the above table, different seed soaking agents have different effects on improving the germination rate and germination quality of rice seeds under low temperature conditions. The seed soaking agent prepared in the embodiments 1 to 5 has the advantages that the average germination rate, the germination vigor and the germination index of the rice seeds under low-temperature stress are obviously increased, the treatment effect in the embodiment 5 is optimal, the germination quality of the rice seeds under low-temperature stress is effectively improved, and the seed soaking agent has low toxicity and good sterilization and disease resistance.
Comparing the example 1 with the example 2, it can be seen that the germination effect of the rice seeds is different by adopting different soaking treatment methods, and the germination rate, the germination vigor and the germination index of the rice seeds are further improved by carrying out the ultrasonic treatment at a low temperature and a constant temperature.
Comparing example 1 with example 4, it can be seen that the seed soaking agent of the present invention is prepared by subjecting the plant extract to ultrasonic mixing at a constant temperature and a low temperature, thereby improving the effect of the seed soaking agent by improving the mixing effect with other components.
Comparing the example 3 with the comparative examples 1 to 3, it can be seen that the comparative examples 1 to 3 change the proportion of the plant extract in the seed soaking agent formula and the component and the proportion of the plant extract, which all affect the sensitivity of the rice seeds to low-temperature stress, so that the germination rate, the germination vigor and the germination index of the rice seeds are reduced.
Comparing example 3 with comparative example 4, it can be seen that the ethanol extract of the above plants is more beneficial to accelerating seed germination under low temperature stress than other solvent extractions.
Comparing example 5 with comparative example 5, it can be seen that the quality of the seed soaking agent is ensured by controlling the mixing temperature of the plant extracts during the preparation process of the seed soaking agent.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A seed soaking agent for improving the germination rate of rice seeds is characterized in that: the paint comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of seaweed essence, 1-2 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.3-0.8 part of brassinolide, 0.5-1.0 part of plant extract, 0.3-0.8 part of uniconazole and 300-500 parts of water; the plant extract is prepared by mixing 5 (1-2) parts by weight of walnut leaf extract, 1-2 parts by weight of pomegranate leaf extract, 1-3 parts by weight of Chinese tallow tree leaf extract and camphor tree leaf extract.
2. The seed soaking agent for improving the germination rate of rice seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the paint comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of seaweed essence, 1-1.5 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.4-0.5 part of brassinolide, 0.6-0.8 part of plant extract, 0.4-0.6 part of uniconazole and 300-400 parts of water.
3. The seed soaking agent for improving the germination rate of rice seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the paint comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of seaweed extract, 1.5 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.5 part of brassinolide, 0.7 part of plant extract, 0.5 part of uniconazole and 400 parts of water.
4. The seed soaking agent for improving the germination rate of rice seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the plant extract is prepared by mixing walnut leaf extract, pomegranate leaf extract, Chinese tallow tree leaf extract and camphor tree leaf extract according to the weight ratio of 5:1:1: 2.
5. The seed soaking agent for improving the germination rate of rice seeds as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the folium Juglandis extract, folium Granati extract, Chinese tallow tree leaf extract, and folium Cinnamomi Camphorae extract of the plant extract are all ethanol extracts.
6. The seed soaking agent for improving the germination rate of rice seeds as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the walnut leaf extract and the pomegranate leaf extract are respectively prepared by performing reflux extraction for 3-4 times by using 80-85 v/v% ethanol solution as an extraction solvent.
7. The seed soaking agent for improving the germination rate of rice seeds as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the Chinese tallow tree leaf extract and the camphor tree leaf extract are respectively prepared by leaching 60-70 v/v% ethanol solution at 50-60 ℃ for more than or equal to 48 hours at constant temperature.
8. The seed soaking agent for improving the germination rate of rice seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein: when seed soaking is carried out, the weight ratio of the seed soaking agent to rice seeds is (0.3-0.5): 1.
9. the seed soaking agent for improving the germination rate of rice seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the seed soaking agent is used by immersing rice seeds in the seed soaking agent according to the weight ratio, soaking for 5-8 hours at a constant temperature of 28-30 ℃, introducing ultrasonic waves for ultrasonic treatment for 5-10 min, taking out the filtering agent, placing the rice seeds at a constant temperature of 10-15 ℃ for 10-12 hours at a low temperature, and cleaning to obtain the seed soaking agent for accelerating germination and raising seedlings.
10. A method for preparing the seed soaking agent for improving the germination rate of rice seeds as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
(1) weighing raw materials according to the weight part ratio, adding the seaweed extract, the compound sodium nitrophenolate, the brassinolide and the uniconazole into water, and mixing and dissolving to obtain a mixed primary liquid;
(2) adding the plant extract into the primary mixed solution, and stirring and dissolving for 5-10 min at a constant temperature of 30-35 ℃ and under the ultrasonic condition of 30-50 KHz at a stirring speed of 120-150 r/min to obtain a seed soaking agent finished product.
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| CN201910940768.XA CN110583709A (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2019-09-30 | Seed soaking agent for improving germination rate of rice seeds and preparation method thereof |
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| CN201910940768.XA CN110583709A (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2019-09-30 | Seed soaking agent for improving germination rate of rice seeds and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20191220 |