CN110576026A - Process method for finely classifying and sorting household garbage - Google Patents

Abstract

the invention relates to a process method for finely classifying and sorting household garbage, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of breaking bags of household garbage, carrying out multi-stage screening, extracting RDF from materials larger than 65mm-120mm after screening and materials obtained by carrying out secondary crushing on 120mm oversize materials through RDF extraction equipment, adding circulating washing water in the extraction process if necessary to obtain wet RDF floccules and slurry consisting of perishable organic matters, silt, inorganic matter particles and water, then carrying out RDF multi-stage cleaning, RDF air separation, solid content adjustment, jigging separation and slurry filter pressing. The method realizes the fine classification and separation of the mixed garbage through bag breaking, multi-stage screening, RDF extraction, crushing, multi-stage cleaning, air separation, solid content adjustment, jigging separation and slurry filter pressing, improves the recovery rate of the garbage, and lays a foundation for the subsequent resource conversion of the product.

Description

Process method for finely classifying and sorting household garbage

Technical Field

the invention relates to the field of treatment of classified sorting of garbage, in particular to a process method for finely classifying and sorting household garbage.

background

with the development of society, the urbanization process is accelerated, the urban population is increased, the living standard of people is improved, the yield of urban domestic garbage is continuously increased, the pollution to the environment and the harm to the health of people are increasingly serious, and the development of cities is also limited. The garbage classification is an improvement of the traditional garbage collection and disposal mode, and is a scientific management method for effectively disposing garbage. In the situation of increasing garbage yield and environmental condition deterioration, how to realize garbage resource utilization to the maximum extent through garbage classification treatment, reduce landfill of garbage and improve living environment quality is one of the urgent problems which are commonly concerned by countries in the world at present.

In the comprehensive resource disposal technology of garbage, the fine classification and sorting of the garbage is the most critical step. And the refined RDF with low water content, low ash content and no material metal and inorganic particles can not be obtained without fine classification and sorting of garbage, and the yield and the quality of main pyrolysis products (pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis carbon) of the RDF are difficult to ensure. The garbage is not finely classified and sorted, pure perishable organic matters without RDF, metals and inorganic particles cannot be obtained, perishable objects which account for nearly half of the weight of the garbage cannot be found out, the garbage still needs to be buried, and pollution discharge such as percolate, landfill gas and the like is generated continuously in the process of burying. The garbage is not finely classified and sorted, the metals in the garbage cannot be completely sorted, and the metals in the garbage cannot be recycled to the maximum extent. The fine classification and sorting of the garbage are not carried out, and the obtained inorganic residues are contaminated by organic matters, cannot be treated by the simplest method and can become the burden of garbage treatment and a solid pollution source.

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a process method for finely classifying mixed garbage with a single source.

a process method for finely classifying and sorting household garbage is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(a) Breaking the bags, namely breaking the mixed primary domestic garbage;

(b) Multi-stage screening, namely screening the mixed raw domestic garbage broken in the step (a) by two-stage drums of 65mm and 120mm, dividing the materials into three materials of undersize materials smaller than 65mm, undersize materials 65mm-120mm and oversize materials larger than 120mm, and dividing the undersize materials smaller than 65mm into fine crushed materials smaller than 25mm and oversize materials larger than 25mm by a drum screen of 25 mm;

(c) RDF extraction, namely extracting RDF from oversize materials larger than 25mm after screening by a 25mm roller in the step (b) by using RDF extraction equipment to obtain wet RDF floccules and slurry which is less than 20mm in particle size and contains perishable organic matters, silt, inorganic matter particles and water;

(d) Crushing, namely crushing oversize products which are obtained after the multi-stage screening in the step (b) and are larger than 120 mm;

(e) Performing multi-stage cleaning on the RDF, namely performing multi-stage cleaning on wet RDF floccules obtained after the RDF is extracted in the step (c), oversize products which are crushed in the step (d) and are larger than 120mm and undersize products which are obtained after multi-stage screening in the step (b) and are 65mm-120mm by using RDF cleaning equipment to obtain dehydrated crude RDF products and RDF cleaning slurry;

(f) Performing air separation on the RDF, namely cleaning and dehydrating in the step (e) to obtain an RDF crude product, and performing air separation to obtain refined RDF and metal;

(g) Adjusting the solid content of the pulp containing perishable organic matters, mixing the undersize materials which are sieved by a 25mm roller in the step (b) and are smaller than 25mm, the pulp extracted by the RDF in the step (c), and the RDF cleaning pulp and the circulating washing liquid which are subjected to the multi-stage cleaning in the step (e) to obtain mixed pulp;

(h) performing jigging separation on the slurry, namely performing jigging separation on the mixed slurry adjusted in the step (g) through a jigger, separating inorganic matters, and separating fine RDF light floats to obtain the slurry containing perishable organic matter fine crushed matters in the middle;

(i) performing pressure filtration on the slurry, namely putting the slurry containing the perishable organic matter fine particles in the middle obtained in the step (h) into a pressure filter for pressure filtration to obtain perishable organic matter cakes and filtrate;

(j) (ii) filtrate treatment, namely (i) performing advanced oxidation treatment on the filtrate obtained after filter pressing in the step (i) to obtain recyclable circulating washing liquor;

(k) and (5) washing and dehydrating the RDF, and washing and dehydrating the fine RDF light flotage obtained after separation in the step (h) to obtain the refined RDF.

Preferably, the recycled washing liquid obtained after the filtrate treatment in the step (j) enters the step (e) and the step (g) for recycling.

preferably, the bag breaking rate of the step (a) is higher than 95%, and the size of the mixed household garbage subjected to bag breaking treatment is more than 90% and less than 200 mm.

preferably, the water content of the perishable organic cake is 50-60%.

Preferably, the RDF cleaning equipment consists of a support frame and a shell, the support frame is fixedly installed at the bottom of the shell, the left side of the top of the shell is fixedly connected with a feeding hole, and the right end of the bottom of the shell is provided with a discharging end; a motor is arranged on the outer side of the shell, the motor is fixedly arranged on the support frame, and a central shaft is movably arranged in the middle of the left side of the shell; the output end of the motor is in belt transmission connection with the central shaft; movable mounting has the main shaft in the middle of the inside of casing, the left end and the center pin fixed connection of main shaft, the right-hand member of main shaft runs through the right side wall of casing, the right-hand member fixedly connected with inlet tube of main shaft, a plurality of apopores have been seted up on the main shaft, the outer fixed surface of main shaft is connected with a plurality of blades of evenly distributed, the sieve bucket has been cup jointed in the outside of main shaft, the inside wall of casing and the terminal surface fixed connection of sieve bucket, the blanking mouth that corresponds the setting with the feed inlet is seted up to the roof of sieve bucket, the outside fixed mounting of sieve bucket has the fixed block that is the circumference array and arranges, fixed mounting has the funnel in the middle.

preferably, the main shaft is provided with a hollow shape; the water outlet holes are uniformly distributed.

preferably, the blades are inclined; the screen barrel is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the shell through the fixing block.

preferably, the RDF extraction equipment comprises a separation box, a feed port is formed at one end of the top of the separation box, an organic matter collecting tank is formed in the middle of the bottom end of the separation box, an RDF discharging mechanism is formed at one end of the bottom of the separation box, discharge ports are fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the organic matter collecting tank and the RDF discharging mechanism, a crushing mechanism and a separation and extraction mechanism are arranged inside the separation box, the crushing mechanism corresponds to the feed port, the separation and extraction mechanism corresponds to the organic matter tank, the crushing mechanism comprises a fixed shaft, a transmission shaft and a hammer head, the hammer head is fixedly connected to the circumferential direction of the fixed shaft, the fixed shaft is fixedly connected to one end of the transmission shaft, far away from the fixed shaft, penetrates through the separation box and is connected with a driving device, the separation and extraction mechanism comprises a rotating, helical blade's circumference fixedly connected with bracing piece, helical blade's one end and screen cloth fixed connection are kept away from to the bracing piece, helical blade and pivot are as an organic whole, helical blade's inside is the cavity form, the delivery port has been seted up on helical blade's surface, the inlet channel has been seted up to the inside of pivot, helical blade's one end and fixed axle fixed connection, the one end of pivot runs through the separator box and the swivelling joint has a shaft support, one side of shaft support is equipped with water supply mechanism, water supply mechanism includes suction pump, inlet tube and conduction pipe, the input and the inlet tube fixed connection of suction pump, the output and the conduction pipe fixed connection of suction pump, the inlet channel is linked together with helical blade's inside, the conduction pipe is linked together with the inlet channel.

Preferably, the screen cloth is cylindrical, the meshes on the surface of the screen cloth are square or circular, a sealing ring is arranged at one end, close to the hammers, of the screen cloth, the sealing ring is fixedly connected with the separation box, one end, close to the rotating shaft, of the screen cloth corresponds to the RDF discharging mechanism, the middle of the screen cloth corresponds to the organic matter collecting tank, two groups of hammers are arranged, and the two hammers are symmetrically fixed on two sides of the fixing shaft.

Preferably, the water content of the refined RDF is 13-17%, and the soil content is lower than 10%.

the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) according to the invention, the mixed domestic garbage is finely divided into refined RDF, pure perishable organic matters, metals and harmless inorganic particles by bag breaking, RDF extraction, RDF multi-stage cleaning, RDF winnowing, adjustment of solid content of slurry containing perishable organic matters, slurry jigging and sorting and slurry filter pressing, so that the fine classification and sorting of the mixed garbage are realized, the recovery rate of the garbage is improved, and a foundation is laid for subsequent resource conversion of the produced matters.

(2) the circulating washing liquid obtained by treating the filtrate is subjected to advanced oxidation to realize deodorization and modification, and is added into the RDF multistage cleaning process and the RDF extraction process for use, so that the closed cycle of the circulating washing liquid is realized, and no wastewater is discharged in the whole cleaning process.

(3) the invention carries out RDF multi-stage cleaning through RDF cleaning equipment, realizes the dehydration of RDF, the ash removal and the separation of metal and inorganic particles through mechanical means, obtains refined RDF, creates conditions for changing RDF into standard products, and lays a foundation for reducing the RDF pyrolysis cost and improving the quality of the product.

(4) The invention utilizes the characteristic design between plastic, fabric, rubber, paper and other objects in garbage and perishable organic matters, silt, metal and inorganic particles through the RDF extraction equipment to realize the high-efficiency separation of soft objects and impact fragile objects, reduces the damage in the RDF cleaning process through the scientific design of the shape and the angle of the hammer head, ensures that the garbage feeding and the RDF discharging can be smoothly realized, greatly reduces the water consumption through arranging the spraying nozzle of water on the rotating shaft, the hammer head and the spiral blades of the device, and also greatly reduces the water consumption under the action of the rotating shaft, the spiral blades and the screen cloth, quickly realizes the separation of fine crushed objects and large soft objects through the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the materials and the screen cloth rotating at high speed in a wet state, improves the RDF extraction effect and ensures the smooth discharge of slurry.

(5) according to the invention, the jigging separation equipment in the mineral processing industry is used for realizing the fine classification and separation of the slurry after the RDF is extracted, removing the RDF, metals and inorganic inert substances in the perishable organic matters, ensuring the purity of the perishable organic matters, creating conditions for the fertilization of humus, and keeping the water content of a pure perishable organic matter filter cake at 50% -60% through filter pressing, so that the optimal conditions of subsequent fermentation are met.

(6) The invention realizes the modification treatment of the washing liquor of the system through advanced oxidation and flocculation sedimentation, does not cause the washing liquor to go bad, realizes long-term recycling without discharging, not only reduces the sewage discharge in the fine garbage classification and separation process, but also mostly reduces the treatment cost of the fine garbage classification and separation.

description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the process;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the RDF cleaning apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the housing of the RDF cleaning apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of a screen drum of the RDF cleaning equipment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic front sectional view of the RDF extraction device configuration of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the helical blade configuration of the RDF extraction apparatus configuration of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the helical blade and screen attachment of the RDF extraction apparatus configuration of the present invention;

In the drawings: 1. RDF cleaning equipment; RDF cleaning equipment; 3. a conveyor belt; 4. a feed inlet; 5. a discharge end; 6. a support frame; 7. a motor; 8. a drain pipe; 9. a main shaft; 10. a central shaft; 11. a housing; 12. a funnel; 13. a water inlet pipe; 14. a blade; 15. a water outlet hole; 16. a screen barrel; 17. a fixed block; RDF extraction equipment 21, separator boxes; 22. a motor support; 23. a shaft support; 24. a variable frequency motor; 25. a rotating shaft; 26. a helical blade; 27. a water outlet; 28. a water inlet pipe; 29. a support bar; 210. screening a screen; 211. a fixed shaft; 212. a transmission shaft; 213. a coupling; 214. a hammer head; 215. a feeding port; 216. an organic matter tank; 217. an RDF slot; 218. a discharge valve; 219. a water pump; 220. a water inlet pipe; 221. a conduction pipe; 222. a seal ring; 223. a crushing mechanism; 224. a separation and extraction mechanism; 225. a drive device; 226. a water supply mechanism.

the specific implementation mode is as follows:

as shown in the figure, the process method for finely classifying and sorting the household garbage is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

(a) Breaking bags, namely breaking the household garbage, wherein the household garbage is classified and collected with building garbage, large garbage and decoration garbage;

(b) multi-stage screening, namely screening the household garbage broken in the step (a) by two-stage drums of 65mm and 120mm, dividing the household garbage into three materials of undersize materials smaller than 65mm, undersize materials 65mm-120mm and oversize materials larger than 120mm, and dividing the undersize materials smaller than 65mm into fine crushed materials smaller than 25mm and oversize materials larger than 25mm by a drum screen of 25mm, so that the energy consumption of classifying and sorting the garbage is reduced, the working pressure of an RDF extractor and a shredder is reduced, the service life of blades is prolonged, and the failure rate is reduced

(c) RDF extraction, namely extracting RDF from oversize materials larger than 25mm after being screened by a 25mm roller in the step (b) by an RDF extractor, and adding circulating process water in the extraction process as necessary to obtain wet RDF floccule and slurry which contains perishable organic matters, silt, inorganic matter particles and water with the particle size of less than 20 mm;

(d) crushing, namely crushing oversize products which are obtained after the multi-stage screening in the step (b) and are larger than 120 mm;

(e) Performing multi-stage cleaning on the RDF, namely performing multi-stage cleaning and dehydration on wet RDF floccules obtained after the RDF is extracted in the step (c), oversize products which are crushed in the step (d) and 65mm-120mm undersize products obtained after multi-stage screening in the step (b) by using RDF cleaning equipment 1 to obtain dehydrated RDF crude products and RDF cleaning slurry;

(f) performing air separation on the RDF crude product obtained after cleaning and dewatering in the step (e), wherein the air separation is the prior art to obtain refined RDF and metal;

(g) Adjusting the solid content of the pulp containing perishable organic matters, mixing the undersize materials which are sieved by a 25mm roller in the step (b) and are smaller than 25mm, the pulp extracted by the RDF in the step (c), the RDF cleaning pulp subjected to multi-stage cleaning and dehydration in the step (e) and circulating washing liquor, and adding circulating washing water to adjust the solid content if necessary to obtain mixed pulp;

(h) And (3) performing jigging separation on the slurry mixture adjusted in the step (g), performing jigging separation on the slurry mixture through a jigger, separating inorganic matters, and separating fine RDF light floats and slurry containing perishable organic matter fine crushed matters in the middle, wherein the jigger is the prior art, the fine classification separation of the slurry after RDF extraction is realized, RDF, metal and inorganic inert matters in the perishable organic matter are removed, the purity of the perishable organic matter is ensured, conditions are created for the fertilization of humus, the water content of a pure perishable organic matter filter cake is kept between 50 and 60 percent through filter pressing, and the optimal conditions of subsequent fermentation are met.

(i) performing pressure filtration on the slurry, namely putting the slurry containing the perishable organic matter fine particles in the middle obtained in the step (h) into a pressure filter for pressure filtration to obtain perishable organic matter cakes and filtrate, and keeping the water content of the filter cakes between 50 and 60 percent to meet the optimal humidity of perishable organic matter fermentation; the aim of controlling the content of heavy metal in the perishable organic matters can be achieved by monitoring the concentration of the heavy metal in the process water of the slurry filter pressing, so that the quality of the perishable organic matters can be controlled;

(j) (ii) treating the filtrate, namely performing advanced oxidation treatment on the filtrate obtained after filter pressing in the step (i) through ozone micro-nano bubbles, wherein the micro-nano bubbles are the prior art, and the washing liquor is treated to realize deodorization, partial decomposition of COD, sterilization and the like, so that the washing liquor is kept not to be decayed and deteriorated and can be recycled for a long time;

(k) And (5) washing and dehydrating the RDF, washing and dehydrating the fine-crushed RDF light flotage obtained after separation in the step (h) through RDF cleaning equipment 1 to obtain refined RDF, and mixing the remaining slurry into the mixed slurry to realize recycling.

specifically, the circulating washing liquid obtained after the filtrate in the step (j) is treated can be added into the step (e) and the step (g) for recycling, so that the recycling of the circulating washing liquid is realized, the whole process is in a dynamic balance process, and the accumulation of pollutants is avoided.

specifically, the bag breaking rate in the step (a) is higher than 95%, and the size of the mixed household garbage subjected to bag breaking treatment is more than 90% and less than 200mm, so that the subsequent screening process is facilitated.

Specifically, the water content of the perishable organic matter cake is 50-60%, and the quality of perishable organic matters is guaranteed.

Specifically, the RDF cleaning equipment 1 is composed of a support frame 6 and a shell 11, wherein the support frame 6 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the shell 11, a feed inlet 4 is fixedly connected to the left side of the top of the shell 11, and a discharge end 5 is installed at the right end of the bottom of the shell 11; a motor 7 is arranged on the outer side of the shell 11, the motor 7 is fixedly arranged on the support frame 6, and a central shaft 10 is movably arranged in the middle of the left side of the shell 11; the output end of the motor 7 is in belt transmission connection with the central shaft 10; movable mounting has main shaft 9 in the middle of the inside of casing 11, the left end and the center pin 10 fixed connection of main shaft 9, the right-hand member of main shaft 9 runs through the right side wall of casing 11, the right-hand member fixedly connected with inlet tube 13 of main shaft 9, a plurality of apopores 15 have been seted up on main shaft 9, the outer fixed surface of main shaft 9 is connected with a plurality of blades 14 of evenly distributed, sieve bucket 16 has been cup jointed in the outside of main shaft 9, the terminal surface fixed connection of the inside wall of casing 11 and sieve bucket 16, the blanking mouth that corresponds the setting with feed inlet 4 is seted up to the roof of sieve bucket 16, sieve bucket 16's outside fixed mounting has the fixed block 17 that is the circumference array and arranges, fixed mounting has funnel 12 in the middle of casing 11's bottom.

Specifically, the main shaft 9 is provided in a hollow shape; a plurality of the water outlet holes 15 are uniformly arranged.

In particular, the blades 14 are inclined; the sieve barrel 16 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the shell 11 through a fixing block 17, so that a spiral transmission cavity is formed inside the sieve barrel 16, and the blades 14 push the materials to rotate and move axially.

specifically, the RDF extraction device 18 includes a separation box 21, a feeding port 215 is formed at one end of the top of the separation box 21, an organic matter collecting tank 216 is formed in the middle of the bottom end of the separation box 21, an RDF discharging mechanism 217 is formed at one end of the bottom of the separation box 21, discharge valves 218 are fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the organic matter collecting tank 216 and the RDF discharging mechanism 217, a crushing mechanism 223 and a separation and extraction mechanism 224 are arranged inside the separation box 21, the crushing mechanism 223 corresponds to the feeding port 215, the separation and extraction mechanism 224 corresponds to the organic matter tank 216, the crushing mechanism 223 includes a fixed shaft 211, a transmission shaft 212 and a hammer 214, the hammer 214 is fixedly connected to the circumference of the fixed shaft 211, the fixed shaft 211 is fixedly connected to one end of the transmission shaft 212, which is far away from the fixed shaft 211, penetrates through the, the separation and extraction mechanism 224 comprises a rotating shaft 25, a helical blade 26 and a screen 210, the screen 210 is sleeved outside the helical blade 26, a supporting rod 29 is fixedly connected to the circumference of the helical blade 26, one end of the supporting rod 29, which is far away from the helical blade 26, is fixedly connected with the screen 210, the helical blade 26 and the rotating shaft 25 are integrated, the helical blade 26 is hollow, a water outlet 27 is formed in the surface of the helical blade 26, a water inlet pipeline 28 is formed in the rotating shaft 25, one end of the helical blade 26 is fixedly connected with a fixed shaft 211, one end of the rotating shaft 25 penetrates through the separation box 21 and is rotatably connected with a shaft support 23, a water supply mechanism 226 is arranged on one side of the shaft support 23, the water supply mechanism 226 comprises a water suction pump 219, a water inlet pipe 220 and a conducting pipe 221, and the input end of the water suction pump 219 is, the output end of the water suction pump 219 is fixedly connected with a conduction pipe 221, the water inlet pipeline 28 is communicated with the inside of the helical blade 26, and the conduction pipe 221 is communicated with the water inlet pipeline 28.

optionally, the screen 210 is cylindrical, the mesh on the surface of the screen 210 is square, a sealing ring 222 is arranged at one end, close to the hammer 214, of the screen 210, the sealing ring 222 is fixedly connected with the separation box 21, one end, close to the rotating shaft 25, of the screen 210 corresponds to the RDF discharging mechanism 217, the middle of the screen 210 corresponds to the organic matter collecting tank 216, the sealing ring 222 is arranged to prevent materials from directly falling into the organic matter collecting tank 216 after being smashed, one end, close to the rotating shaft 25, of the screen 210 corresponds to the RDF tank 217, the middle of the screen 210 corresponds to the organic matter collecting tank 216, two sets of hammers 214 are arranged, and the two sets of hammers 214 are symmetrically fixed at two sides of.

optionally, the conduction pipe 221 is a metal pipe, an electromagnetic valve is installed in the middle of the conduction pipe 221, the conduction pipe 221 is horizontally arranged with the rotating shaft 25, and the conduction pipe 221 is rotatably connected with the water inlet pipe 28 through a sealing bearing, so that the rotating shaft 25 does not affect the normal water conveying work of the conduction pipe 221 during rotation.

Optionally, the driving device 225 includes a motor control cabinet, a variable frequency motor 24 and a motor support 22, the motor control cabinet is electrically connected to the variable frequency motor 24, the variable frequency motor 24 is fixedly connected to the motor support 22, and a shaft of the variable frequency motor 24 is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 212 through a coupling 213.

Optionally, the rotating shaft 25 and the separating box 21 are arranged in parallel, and an angle between the rotating shaft 25 and the fixed shaft 211 is 165 degrees.

specifically, the water content of the refined RDF is about 13-17%, the soil content is lower than 10%, the quality of the RDF is guaranteed, and subsequent recycling is facilitated.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: breaking the bag, namely breaking the domestic garbage; the household garbage after bag breaking is sieved by two-stage drums of 65mm and 120mm, the materials are divided into three materials of undersize materials smaller than 65mm, undersize materials of 65mm-120mm and oversize materials larger than 120mm, the undersize materials smaller than 65mm are sieved by a drum sieve of 25mm, and the undersize materials are divided into fine crushed materials smaller than 25mm and oversize materials larger than 25mm, so that the energy consumption of garbage classification and sorting is reduced, the working pressure of an RDF extractor and a shredder is reduced, the service life of blades is prolonged, and the failure rate is reduced; RDF extraction, namely extracting the RDF from 25mm-65mm materials by using RDF extraction equipment 18 to obtain wet RDF floccule and slurry consisting of perishable organic matters, silt, inorganic matter particles and water, crushing the perishable organic matters, glass, stones, cement blocks and the like under the action of impact force by using the performance that the RDF (plastic film, fabric, wrappage, paper, rubber and the like) cannot be crushed only by the impact force, and extracting the RDF by using centrifugal force under the assistance of water; crushing, namely crushing oversize materials larger than 120 mm; performing multi-stage RDF cleaning, namely performing multi-stage cleaning on wet RDF floccules obtained after RDF extraction, crushed oversize products larger than 120mm and undersize products of 65mm-120mm obtained after multi-stage screening by using RDF cleaning equipment 1 to obtain dehydrated RDF crude products and RDF cleaning slurry; performing air separation on the RDF crude product obtained after multistage cleaning to obtain refined RDF and metal; adjusting the solid content of the pulp containing perishable organic matters, mixing the undersize materials which are sieved by a roller and are smaller than 25mm, the pulp extracted by RDF, the RDF cleaning pulp after cleaning and dehydration and circulating washing liquor, and adjusting the solid content to obtain mixed pulp; performing jigging separation on the slurry, performing jigging separation on the adjusted mixed slurry through a jigger, separating inorganic matters, separating fine RDF light floating matters to obtain slurry containing fine perishable organic matters in the middle, and obtaining filter cakes and filtrate, wherein the aim of controlling the content of heavy metals in the fine perishable organic matters can be fulfilled by monitoring the concentration of the heavy metals in the process water of slurry filter pressing, so that the quality of the fine perishable organic matters can be controlled; treating the filtrate, namely performing advanced oxidation treatment on the filtrate obtained after filter pressing through ozone micro-nano bubbles to obtain recyclable circulating washing liquid, and circulating the circulating washing liquid to the multistage cleaning and mixed slurry for recycling; washing and dehydrating, washing and dehydrating the finely-crushed RDF obtained after separation to obtain refined RDF, and mixing the remaining slurry into the mixed slurry to realize recycling.

The RDF cleaning equipment 1 works according to the following principle: wet RDF floccules obtained after RDF extraction, crushed oversize products larger than 120mm and 65mm-120mm undersize products obtained after multi-stage screening are put into the RDF cleaning equipment 1 from a feed inlet 4, and the materials are pushed to rotate at high speed and move axially under the action of a main shaft 9 and blades 14 in the RDF cleaning equipment 1; water is sprayed in the process of material movement through the hollow main shaft 9 and the water outlet holes 15 on the main shaft, so that the materials are kept in an easily separated state; by utilizing the high-speed rotation of the materials, water, perishable organic matters and solid impurities attached to the RDF are thrown out of the sieve barrel 16 at a high speed under the action of centrifugal force, wherein the solid impurities comprise glass, ceramics, cement and the like, and the RDF is centrifugally dewatered in the process; the RDF can be discharged from a discharge end 5 at the tail end of the RDF cleaning equipment 1 and is conveyed into the next RDF cleaning equipment 2 through a conveying belt 3, the RDF cleaning equipment 1 and the RDF cleaning equipment 2 have the same structure and are further cleaned and separated to realize multi-stage cleaning, the rotation speed of the RDF cleaning equipment 1 is 800-.

The RDF extraction device 18 works on the principle: 25mm-65mm of materials are put into the separation box 21 from the feeding port 215, oversize materials larger than 25mm fall into the crushing mechanism 223, the variable frequency motor 24 is started, the variable frequency motor 24 drives the transmission shaft 212 to rotate through the coupler 213, the transmission shaft 212 drives the hammer 214 to rotate through the fixed shaft 211, perishable organic matters and inorganic fragile materials are crushed under the action of the hammer 214, perishable organic matters and inert substances in the garbage are crushed into fine crushed matters, the fixed shaft 211 drives the spiral blade 26 to rotate through the rotating shaft 25 under the action of the variable frequency motor 24, the spiral blade 26 drives the garbage to enter the screen 210, the fine crushed matters containing perishable organic matters and difficult rotten organic matters are separated under the action of high-speed rotation of the screen 210 and the spiral blade 26, the water suction pump 219 is started to pump into a water source through the water inlet pipe 220, water enters the water inlet pipe 28 in the rotating shaft 25 through the conduction pipe 221, and then enters the spiral blade 26 and is sprayed out from the water outlet 27 on the surface of the spiral blade 26, the sprayed water helps to quickly separate organic matter slurry and soil adhered to soft and difficultly-rotten organic matters, the perishable organic matter slurry and crushed inorganic matter particles pass through the screen 210 and then fall into the organic matter collecting tank 216, the difficultly-rotten organic matters and part of larger inert substances are discharged from the discharge outlet at the tail end of the screen 210 under the pushing of the spiral blade 26 and then fall into the RDF discharging mechanism 217, and finally, the separation of the difficultly-rotten organic matters and the easily-rotten organic matters is realized, so that wet RDF floccule is obtained.

Claims (10)

1. A process method for finely classifying and sorting household garbage is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(a) Breaking the bags, namely breaking the mixed primary domestic garbage;

(b) multi-stage screening, namely screening the mixed raw domestic garbage broken in the step (a) by two-stage drums of 65mm and 120mm, dividing the materials into three materials of undersize materials smaller than 65mm, undersize materials 65mm-120mm and oversize materials larger than 120mm, and dividing the undersize materials smaller than 65mm into fine crushed materials smaller than 25mm and oversize materials larger than 25mm by a drum screen of 25 mm;

(c) RDF extraction, namely extracting RDF from oversize materials larger than 25mm after being screened by a 25mm roller in the step (b) by RDF extraction equipment (18) to obtain wet RDF floccule and slurry which is less than 20mm in particle size and contains perishable organic matters, silt, inorganic matter particles and water;

(d) crushing, namely crushing oversize products which are obtained after the multi-stage screening in the step (b) and are larger than 120 mm;

(e) Performing multi-stage cleaning on the RDF, namely performing multi-stage cleaning on wet RDF floccules obtained after the RDF is extracted in the step (c), oversize products which are crushed in the step (d) and are larger than 120mm and undersize products which are obtained after multi-stage screening in the step (b) and are 65mm-120mm by using RDF cleaning equipment (1) to obtain dehydrated RDF crude products and RDF cleaning slurry;

(f) performing air separation on the RDF, namely cleaning and dehydrating in the step (e) to obtain an RDF crude product, and performing air separation to obtain refined RDF and metal;

(g) adjusting the solid content of the pulp containing perishable organic matters, mixing the undersize materials which are sieved by a 25mm roller in the step (b) and are smaller than 25mm, the pulp extracted by the RDF in the step (c), and the RDF cleaning pulp and the circulating washing liquid which are subjected to the multi-stage cleaning in the step (e) to obtain mixed pulp;

(h) Performing jigging separation on the slurry, namely performing jigging separation on the mixed slurry adjusted in the step (g) through a jigger, separating inorganic matters, and separating fine RDF light floats to obtain the slurry containing perishable organic matter fine crushed matters in the middle;

(i) Performing pressure filtration on the slurry, namely putting the slurry containing the perishable organic matter fine particles in the middle obtained in the step (h) into a pressure filter for pressure filtration to obtain perishable organic matter cakes and filtrate;

(j) (ii) filtrate treatment, namely (i) performing advanced oxidation treatment on the filtrate obtained after filter pressing in the step (i) to obtain recyclable circulating washing liquor;

(k) And (5) washing and dehydrating the RDF, and washing and dehydrating the fine RDF light flotage obtained after separation in the step (h) to obtain the refined RDF.

2. the process for finely classifying and sorting household garbage according to claim 1, wherein the recycled washing liquid obtained after the filtrate in the step (j) is treated is recycled in the step (e) and the step (g).

3. The process method for finely classifying and sorting household garbage according to claim 1, wherein the bag breaking rate of the step (a) is higher than 95%, and the size of the mixed household garbage subjected to bag breaking treatment is more than 90% and less than 200 mm.

4. the process method for finely classifying and sorting household garbage according to claim 1, wherein the moisture content of the perishable organic cake is 50-60%.

5. The process method for finely classifying and sorting the household garbage according to claim 1, wherein the RDF cleaning equipment (1) is composed of a support frame (6) and a shell (11), the support frame (6) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the shell (11), the left side of the top of the shell (11) is fixedly connected with a feeding hole (4), and the right end of the bottom of the shell (11) is provided with a discharging end (5); a motor (7) is arranged on the outer side of the shell (11), the motor (7) is fixedly arranged on the support frame (6), and a central shaft (10) is movably arranged in the middle of the left side of the shell (11); the output end of the motor (7) is in belt transmission connection with the central shaft (10); a main shaft (9) is movably arranged in the middle of the inside of the shell (11), the left end of the main shaft (9) is fixedly connected with a central shaft (10), the right end of the main shaft (9) penetrates through the right side wall of the shell (11), the right end of the main shaft (9) is fixedly connected with a water inlet pipe (13), a plurality of water outlet holes (15) are formed in the main shaft (9), a plurality of blades (14) which are uniformly distributed are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the main shaft (9), a sieve barrel (16) is sleeved on the outer side of the main shaft (9), the inner side wall of the shell (11) is fixedly connected with the end face of the sieve barrel (16), the top wall of the sieve barrel (16) is provided with a blanking port which is arranged corresponding to the feeding port (4), the outer side of the screen barrel (16) is fixedly provided with fixing blocks (17) which are arranged in a circumferential array, and the middle of the bottom of the shell (11) is fixedly provided with a funnel (12).

6. the process method for finely classifying and sorting the household garbage according to claim 5, wherein the process method comprises the following steps:

The main shaft (9) is hollow;

The water outlet holes (15) are uniformly distributed.

7. The process method for finely classifying and sorting the household garbage according to claim 5, wherein the process method comprises the following steps:

The blades (14) are inclined;

The screen barrel (16) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the shell (11) through a fixing block (17).

8. A process for the fine sorting of household waste according to claim 1, characterized in that the RDF extraction plant (18) comprises a separation tank (21), characterized in that: a feeding port (215) is formed in one end of the top of the separation box (21), an organic matter groove (216) is formed in the middle of the bottom end of the separation box (21), an RDF groove (217) is formed in one end of the bottom of the separation box (21), a discharging port (218) is fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the organic matter groove (216) and the RDF collecting groove (217), a crushing mechanism (223) and a separation and extraction mechanism (224) are arranged inside the separation box (21), the crushing mechanism (223) corresponds to the feeding port (215), the separation and extraction mechanism (224) corresponds to the organic matter collecting groove (216), the crushing mechanism (223) comprises a fixing shaft (211), a transmission shaft (212) and a hammer head (214), the hammer head (214) is fixedly connected to the circumferential direction of the fixing shaft (211), the fixing shaft (211) is fixedly connected to one end of the transmission shaft (212), one end, far away from the fixing shaft (211), of the transmission shaft (212) penetrates through the separation box (21) 225) The separation and extraction mechanism (224) comprises a rotating shaft (25), a helical blade (26) and a screen (210), the screen (210) is sleeved outside the helical blade (26), a supporting rod (29) is fixedly connected to the circumferential direction of the helical blade (26), one end, far away from the helical blade (26), of the supporting rod (29) is fixedly connected with the screen (210), the helical blade (26) and the rotating shaft (25) are integrated, the interior of the helical blade (26) is hollow, a water outlet (27) is formed in the surface of the helical blade (26), a water inlet pipeline (28) is formed in the rotating shaft (25), one end of the helical blade (26) is fixedly connected with a fixed shaft (211), one end of the rotating shaft (25) penetrates through the separation box (21) and is rotatably connected with a shaft support (23), and a water supply mechanism (226) is arranged on one side of the shaft support (23), water supply mechanism (226) are including suction pump (219), inlet tube (220) and conduction pipe (221), the input and inlet tube (220) fixed connection of suction pump (219), the output and conduction pipe (221) fixed connection of suction pump (219), inlet channel (28) are linked together with the inside of helical blade (26), conduction pipe (221) are linked together with inlet channel (28).

9. The process method for finely classifying and sorting the household garbage according to claim 8, wherein the process method comprises the following steps:

The screen cloth (210) are cylindrical, the mesh on the surface of the screen cloth (210) is square, a sealing ring (222) is arranged at one end, close to the hammer heads (214), of the screen cloth (210), the sealing ring (222) is fixedly connected with the separation box (21), one end, close to the rotating shaft (25), of the screen cloth (210) corresponds to the RDF groove (217), the middle of the screen cloth (210) corresponds to the organic matter groove (216), the hammer heads (214) are provided with two groups, and the two groups of hammer heads (214) are symmetrically fixed on two sides of the fixed shaft (211).

10. the process of claim 1, wherein the refined RDF has a moisture content of 13-17% and a soil content of less than 10%.