CN110574634A - method for producing ganoderma lucidum mycoplasm by using mixed fermentation of pseudo-ginseng residue - Google Patents
method for producing ganoderma lucidum mycoplasm by using mixed fermentation of pseudo-ginseng residue Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing ganoderma lucidum mycoplasm by using mixed fermentation of pseudo-ginseng residue. The invention is realized by the following steps: (1) drying, crushing and screening the pseudo-ginseng residue; (2) uniformly mixing the pretreated pseudo-ginseng residue, lycium barbarum polysaccharide, water and a nitrogen source according to a certain proportion; (3) carrying out steam sterilization treatment on the uniformly mixed materials; (4) inoculating trichoderma koningii and lucid ganoderma on the sterilized material to perform mixed bacteria solid state fermentation; (5) drying the fermentation culture to obtain the ganoderma lucidum mycoplasm. By adopting the method, the pseudo-ginseng residue can be converted into the ganoderma lucidum mycoplasm with unique flavor function. The method utilizes Notoginseng radix residue as resource, changes waste into valuable, reduces environmental pollution, and can obtain Ganoderma mycoplasm with unique flavor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of industrial waste recycling, and relates to a method for producing ganoderma lucidum mycoplasm by utilizing mixed fungus solid fermentation of pseudo-ginseng residue.
Background
With the rapid development of the traditional Chinese medicine industry in China, the waste amount of the traditional Chinese medicine residues in various large traditional Chinese medicine pharmaceutical factories in China is increasing day by day. The traditional treatment methods such as incineration, landfill and fixed area stacking are often adopted for the treatment of the traditional Chinese medicine residues, which not only needs to invest a large amount of capital, but also causes resource waste and serious environmental pollution. Therefore, how to reasonably dispose and utilize the herb residue is an important problem which cannot be avoided in the process of modernizing the Chinese herbs. At present, the approaches for recycling Chinese herb residues mainly comprise fermentation production of protein feed, use as a feed additive, preparation of organic fertilizer, preparation of active carbon, pyrolysis for gas production and the like.
Pseudo-ginseng is a traditional rare Chinese medicinal material in China, the root and stem of the pseudo-ginseng can be used as a medicine, the main medicinal component of the pseudo-ginseng is saponin, and pseudo-ginseng slag after the effective components are extracted is usually treated as waste. The panax notoginseng residue after the total saponins are extracted still contains nutrient substances and medicinal components such as starch, cellulose, protein, amino acid, alkaloid, panax notoginseng polysaccharide, dencichine, panax notoginseng flavone B and various trace elements, and the like, and the panax notoginseng residue is used as a fermentation substrate for further development and utilization, so that waste can be changed into valuable, and the utilization efficiency of resources can be improved. The Chinese invention patent with the application number of 201010232573.9 discloses 'a white spirit prepared by fermenting and distilling pseudo-ginseng residue and a method thereof'; the Chinese invention patent with the application number of 201110119291.2 discloses a method for producing protein feed by fermenting pseudo-ginseng residue; the Chinese invention patent with the application number of 201210196021.6 discloses a method for producing a trichoderma biocontrol agent by utilizing the fermentation of pseudo-ginseng residue; the Chinese patent with application number 201310437762.3 discloses a method for producing ganoderma lucidum notoginseng mycoplasm by fermenting notoginseng residues, and the Chinese patent with application number 201310437721.4 discloses a method for producing medicinal mycoplasm by mixed fermentation of notoginseng residues. The traditional medicinal fungus is not only an ideal health food, but also has the effect of 'curing diseases by medicine', has various effects in preventing and treating diseases, and has the functions of strengthening body resistance and consolidating constitution. Considering that trichoderma koningii has strong saccharification capacity and can promote conversion of starch substances in pseudo-ginseng residues, and lycium barbarum polysaccharide can promote synthesis of ganoderma lucidum triterpenes, the invention provides a principle and a method for applying mixed fermentation, and the trichoderma koningii and ganoderma lucidum are used for mixed solid fermentation of the pseudo-ginseng residues, and the lycium barbarum polysaccharide is added into a fermentation culture medium, so that a medicinal mycoplasm with unique property and taste functions can be obtained.
Ganoderma lucidum is called Mesona chinensis Benth and Rumex japonicus Benth, and is Basidiomycetes and Polyporaceae, and contains polysaccharide, triterpene, protein, nucleoside, and multiple trace elements such as zinc, molybdenum, iron, boron, copper, germanium, etc. as effective components. Ganoderma has effects in regulating immunity, resisting tumor, resisting liver injury, lowering blood sugar, resisting aging, and improving memory. Trichoderma koningii can produce various enzymes in the growing process, such as amylase, saccharifying enzyme, cellulase, phytase, pectinase and the like. Wherein amylase, saccharifying enzyme, etc. can hydrolyze starch to form low molecular substances such as dextrin, oligosaccharide and glucose; the protease can decompose protein into small molecular compounds such as polypeptide and amino acid; cellulases can promote the decomposition of cellulose. Through the fermentation of trichoderma koningii or with glossy ganoderma, starch, cellulose, saccharide, protein and other matters in notoginseng dregs may be utilized to produce new secondary metabolite, such as glossy ganoderma polysaccharide, glossy ganoderma triterpene, ergosterol, etc. Because the trichoderma koningii and the lucid ganoderma have good mutualism relationship, the trichoderma koningii can also promote the growth of the lucid ganoderma and the generation of metabolites in the mixed fermentation process. In addition, a proper amount of lycium barbarum polysaccharide is added into the fermentation substrate pseudo-ginseng residue, so that the growth of ganoderma lucidum mycelia and the synthesis of ganoderma lucidum triterpenes can be promoted.
in a word, through the combined action of the trichoderma koningii, the ganoderma lucidum and the lycium barbarum polysaccharide, the content of non-medicinal components in the pseudo-ginseng residue can be reduced, a large number of new active components are generated, and the content of ganoderma lucidum triterpene in a fermentation culture is improved, so that the ganoderma lucidum mycoplasm with unique flavor function is formed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for producing ganoderma lucidum mycoplasm by using mixed fermentation of pseudo-ginseng residue. The invention relates to a method for producing ganoderma lucidum mycoplasm by utilizing mixed fermentation of pseudo-ginseng residue, which sequentially comprises the following process steps:
1. pretreatment of pseudo-ginseng residue
drying wet pseudo-ginseng residue, pulverizing, sieving, and selecting pseudo-ginseng residue with particle size of 0.2-0.4mm for subsequent process;
2. Compounding and compounding
Uniformly mixing the pretreated pseudo-ginseng residue, a proper amount of nitrogen source, lycium barbarum polysaccharide and water, wherein the specific batching mode is as follows:
100 parts of pretreated pseudo-ginseng residue, 1-6 parts of nitrogen source and 0.05-0.1 part of lycium barbarum polysaccharide, wherein the mass ratio of the solid material to the water is 1:1.5-1: 2.5;
When in burdening, the nitrogen source and the lycium barbarum polysaccharide are added into water and uniformly mixed, and then the prepared solution is uniformly mixed with the pseudo-ginseng residue;
3. Sterilization
Sterilizing the mixture by adopting a high-pressure steam sterilization method: steam pressure is 1atm, temperature is 121 ℃, and time is at least 30 minutes;
4. Fermentation of
And (3) performing mixed fermentation on the mixture after the sterilization treatment, inoculating strains according to the inoculation amount of 10-20%, wherein the fermentation conditions are as follows: the pressure is normal pressure, the temperature is 25-30 ℃, and the fermentation period is 10-18 days;
5. Drying
Drying the fermentation culture to obtain the ganoderma lucidum mycoplasm product.
In the method, the nitrogen source used in the material preparation is one or more of yeast powder, peptone, ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate.
in the method, the strains used in the step 4 at least comprise a ganoderma lucidum and a trichoderma koningii.
in the method, the trichoderma koningii used in the step 4 is trichoderma koningii (f) (trichoderma koningii)Trichoderma koningii3.3743), Trichoderma koningii (Trichoderma koningii), (C1)Trichoderma koningii3.2774), Trichoderma koningii (C.) (Trichoderma koningii3.17875) is used.
In the method, the ganoderma lucidum used in the step 4 is ganoderma lucidum: (a)Ganoderma lucidum5.00535), Ganoderma (Ganoderma lucidum (Fr.) karst.)Ganoderma lucidum5.00534), Ganoderma (Ganoderma lucidum (Fr.) karst.)Ganoderma lucidum5.00653), Ganoderma (Ganoderma lucidum (Fr.) karst.)Ganoderma lucidum5.00533), Ganoderma (Ganoderma lucidum (Fr.) karst.)Ganodermalucidum5.00706) is used.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) By adopting the method, the pseudo-ginseng residue can be converted into the ganoderma lucidum mycoplasm, so that the pollution to the environment is reduced, a novel ganoderma lucidum mycoplasm is provided for the traditional Chinese medicine industry, and the ganoderma lucidum mycoplasm has multiple effects of regulating immunity, resisting tumors, resisting cancers, resisting liver injury, relieving cough and asthma, resisting aging and the like. The invention is beneficial to the production enterprises to realize energy conservation, emission reduction and clean production.
(2) Compared with the prior art, the content of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide and ganoderma lucidum triterpene in the ganoderma lucidum mycoplasm prepared by the method is obviously improved.
Detailed Description
Example 1 this example uses the residue of Panax notoginseng as the raw material, Trichoderma koningii (Trichoderma koningii) (1)Trichoderma koningii3.3743)/Ganoderma (Ganoderma lucidum)Ganoderma lucidum5.00535) performing mixed solid fermentation to obtain Ganoderma mycoplasm. The method comprises the following specific steps:
1. Pretreatment of pseudo-ginseng residue
Firstly, drying the pseudo-ginseng dregs in an oven at the temperature of 60 ℃ under normal pressure for the limited time that the pseudo-ginseng dregs are easy to crush. Pulverizing dried Notoginseng radix residue, sieving, and selecting Notoginseng radix residue with particle size of 0.2-0.4mm for subsequent process;
2. Compounding and compounding
firstly, adding 4g of yeast powder and 0.05g of lycium barbarum polysaccharide into 170g of water, uniformly mixing, and then uniformly mixing the solution and 100g of pretreated pseudo-ginseng residue powder;
3. Sterilization
sterilizing the mixture by adopting a high-pressure steam sterilization method: steam pressure is 1atm, temperature is 121 ℃, and time is at least 30 minutes;
4. Fermentation of
Fermenting in asynchronous inoculation mode, inoculating Trichoderma koningii to the sterilized mixtureTrichoderma koningii3.3743) fermenting for 24 hr, inoculating Ganoderma (Ganoderma lucidum (Fr.) karst.)Ganoderma lucidum5.00535), the inoculation ratio of trichoderma koningii and lucid ganoderma is 1:1, the total inoculation amount is 10%, and the fermentation conditions are as follows: the fermentation period is 13 days, the pressure is normal pressure, and the temperature is 28 ℃;
5. drying
Drying the fermented product in an oven at normal pressure and 60 ℃ to obtain the ganoderma lucidum mycoplasm product.
Example 2 this example illustratesPseudo-ginseng residue as raw material, Kangning trichoderma (or Trichoderma koningii)Trichoderma koningii3.2774)/Ganoderma (Ganoderma lucidum and/or Ganoderma lucidum)Ganoderma lucidum5.00653) performing mixed solid fermentation to obtain Ganoderma mycoplasm. The method comprises the following specific steps:
1. Pretreatment of pseudo-ginseng residue
Firstly, drying the pseudo-ginseng dregs in an oven at the temperature of 60 ℃ under normal pressure for the limited time that the pseudo-ginseng dregs are easy to crush. Pulverizing dried Notoginseng radix residue, sieving, and selecting Notoginseng radix residue with particle size of 0.2-0.4mm for subsequent process;
2. Compounding and compounding
Firstly, adding 3g of ammonium sulfate and 0.1g of lycium barbarum polysaccharide into 170g of water, uniformly mixing, and then uniformly mixing the solution and 100g of pretreated pseudo-ginseng residue powder;
3. Sterilization
Sterilizing the mixture by adopting a high-pressure steam sterilization method: steam pressure is 1atm, temperature is 121 ℃, and time is at least 30 minutes;
4. Fermentation of
Fermenting in asynchronous inoculation mode, inoculating Trichoderma koningii to the sterilized mixtureTrichoderma koningii3.2774), then inoculating glossy ganoderma after fermenting for 48 hours (Ganoderma lucidum5.00653), the inoculation ratio of trichoderma koningii and lucid ganoderma is 1:1, the total inoculation amount is 15%, and the fermentation conditions are as follows: the fermentation period is 15 days, the pressure is normal pressure, the temperature is 25 ℃ 2 days before fermentation, and the temperature is 28 ℃ from the 3 rd day of fermentation to the end of fermentation;
5. Drying
Drying the fermented product in an oven at normal pressure and 60 ℃ to obtain the ganoderma lucidum mycoplasm product.
Example 3 this example uses the pseudo-ginseng residue as the raw material, trichoderma koningii (Trichoderma koningii) (1)Trichoderma koningii3.17875)/Ganoderma (Ganoderma lucidum)Ganodermalucidum5.00706) performing mixed solid fermentation to obtain Ganoderma mycoplasm. The method comprises the following specific steps:
1. pretreatment of pseudo-ginseng residue
Firstly, drying the pseudo-ginseng dregs in an oven at the temperature of 60 ℃ under normal pressure for the limited time that the pseudo-ginseng dregs are easy to crush. Pulverizing dried Notoginseng radix residue, sieving, and selecting Notoginseng radix residue with particle size of 0.2-0.4mm for subsequent process;
2. Compounding and compounding
Firstly, adding 4g of yeast powder and 0.08g of lycium barbarum polysaccharide into 200g of water, uniformly mixing, and then uniformly mixing the solution and 100g of pretreated pseudo-ginseng residue powder;
3. Sterilization
Sterilizing the mixture by adopting a high-pressure steam sterilization method: steam pressure is 1atm, temperature is 121 ℃, and time is at least 30 minutes;
4. fermentation of
fermenting by synchronous inoculation, inoculating Trichoderma koningii (Trichoderma koningii) into the sterilized mixtureTrichoderma koningii3.17875 and Ganoderma lucidum (Ganoderma lucidum and/or Ganoderma lucidum)Ganodermalucidum5.00706) fermenting, the inoculation ratio of trichoderma koningii and ganoderma lucidum is 1:2, the total inoculation amount is 20%, and the fermentation conditions are as follows: the fermentation period is 16 days, the pressure is normal pressure, and the fermentation temperature is 27 ℃;
5. drying
drying the fermented product in an oven at normal pressure and 60 ℃ to obtain the ganoderma lucidum mycoplasm product.
Comparative example
from the literature: tanshu, Huwei, Huangfan and Yijin sheep, a method for producing medicinal mycoplasm by mixed fermentation of pseudo-ginseng residue [ P ]. Sichuan: CN103493681A,2014-01-08.
1. Pretreatment of pseudo-ginseng residue
Firstly, drying the pseudo-ginseng dregs in an oven at the temperature of 60 ℃ under normal pressure for the limited time that the pseudo-ginseng dregs are easy to crush. Pulverizing dried Notoginseng radix residue, sieving, and selecting Notoginseng radix residue with particle size of 0.2-0.4mm for subsequent process;
2. Compounding and compounding
Adding yeast powder 4g into water 170g, mixing well, and then mixing the solution with pretreated pseudo-ginseng residue powder 100 g;
3. Sterilization
sterilizing the mixture by adopting a high-pressure steam sterilization method: steam pressure is 1atm, temperature is 121 ℃, and time is at least 30 minutes;
4. Fermentation of
Fermenting in asynchronous inoculation mode, inoculating red monascus into sterilized mixtureMonascusruber3.0445) fermenting for 24 hr, inoculating Ganoderma (Ganoderma lucidum (Fr.) karst.)Ganoderma lucidum5.00535) fermenting, wherein the inoculation ratio of the monascus ruber to the lucid ganoderma is 1:1, the total inoculation amount is 10%, and the fermentation conditions are as follows: the fermentation period is 13 days, the pressure is normal pressure, and the temperature is 28 ℃;
5. Drying
drying the fermented product in an oven at normal pressure and 60 ℃ to obtain the medicinal mycoplasm product.
In order to improve the comparison effect, according to the method of the invention patent ' method for producing medicinal mycoplasm by fermenting mixed pseudo-ginseng residue ' (publication number: CN 103493681A) ' in example 1, the experimental condition control is the same as the preparation condition of the invention patent example 1, and the main difference between the two is as follows: (1) the fermentation strain used in patent example 1 of the invention is trichoderma koningii/ganoderma lucidum, and the fermentation strain used in the comparative example is monascus purpureus/ganoderma lucidum; (2) according to the invention, the lycium barbarum polysaccharide is added into the fermentation substrate in patent example 1, and the lycium barbarum polysaccharide is not added into the comparative example.
the method comprises the following specific steps:
Has the advantages that: through comparison tests, the content of ganoderma triterpene in the ganoderma fermentation culture (ganoderma mycoplasm) prepared by the method is improved by 40.6 percent compared with the content of ganoderma triterpene in the ganoderma fermentation culture (ganoderma mycoplasm) prepared by the corresponding method in a comparison document; the content of the ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide in the ganoderma lucidum fermentation culture (ganoderma lucidum mycoplasm) prepared by the method is increased by 31.4 percent compared with the content of the ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide in the ganoderma lucidum fermentation culture (ganoderma lucidum mycoplasm) prepared by the corresponding method in the comparison document.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and the present invention shall be covered thereby. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. A method for producing ganoderma lucidum mycoplasm by using pseudo-ginseng residue as a raw material through a mixed fungus solid state fermentation process is characterized by comprising the following specific process steps:
(1) pretreatment of pseudo-ginseng residue
Drying wet pseudo-ginseng residue, pulverizing, sieving, and selecting pseudo-ginseng residue with particle size of 0.2-0.4mm for subsequent process;
(2) compounding and compounding
uniformly mixing the pretreated pseudo-ginseng residue, a proper amount of nitrogen source, lycium barbarum polysaccharide and water, wherein the specific batching mode is as follows:
100 parts of pretreated pseudo-ginseng residue, 1-6 parts of nitrogen source and 0.05-0.1 part of lycium barbarum polysaccharide, wherein the mass ratio of the solid material to the water is 1:1.5-1: 2.5;
When in burdening, the nitrogen source and the lycium barbarum polysaccharide are added into water and uniformly mixed, and then the prepared solution is uniformly mixed with the pseudo-ginseng residue;
(3) Sterilization
Sterilizing the mixture by adopting a high-pressure steam sterilization method: steam pressure is 1atm, temperature is 121 ℃, and time is at least 30 minutes;
(4) Fermentation of
and (3) performing mixed fermentation on the mixture after the sterilization treatment, inoculating strains according to the inoculation amount of 10-20%, wherein the fermentation conditions are as follows: the pressure is normal pressure, the temperature is 25-30 ℃, and the fermentation period is 10-18 days;
(5) Drying
Drying the fermentation culture to obtain the ganoderma lucidum mycoplasm product.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the nitrogen source used in the compounding is one or more selected from yeast powder, peptone, ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fermentation is carried out using a strain comprising at least one of Ganoderma lucidum and Trichoderma koningii.
4. The process according to claim 1, wherein the Trichoderma koningii used in the fermentation is Trichoderma koningii (Trichoderma koningii) (2:)Trichoderma koningii3.3743), Trichoderma koningii (Trichoderma koningii), (C1)Trichoderma koningii3.2774), Trichoderma koningii (C.) (Trichoderma koningii3.17875) is used.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein the Ganoderma lucidum used in the fermentation is Ganoderma lucidum: (A. RTM.), (B. RTM.), (CGanoderma lucidum5.00535), Ganoderma (Ganoderma lucidum (Fr.) karst.)Ganoderma lucidum5.00534), Ganoderma (Ganoderma lucidum (Fr.) karst.)Ganoderma lucidum5.00653), Ganoderma (Ganoderma lucidum (Fr.) karst.)Ganoderma lucidum5.00533), Ganoderma (Ganoderma lucidum (Fr.) karst.)Ganoderma lucidum5.00706) is used.
6. The ganoderma lucidum mycoplasm obtained by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the product contains abundant components such as protein, amino acid, alkaloid, various trace elements, notoginsenoside, notoginseng polysaccharide, notoginseng flavone B, dencichine, ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide, ganoderma lucidum triterpene and the like, and has the effects of regulating immunity, resisting tumors, resisting cancers, resisting liver injury, relieving cough and asthma, resisting aging and the like.
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