CN110573734A - Sealed refrigeration compressor and refrigeration equipment comprising same - Google Patents
Sealed refrigeration compressor and refrigeration equipment comprising same Download PDFInfo
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- CN110573734A CN110573734A CN201880028242.8A CN201880028242A CN110573734A CN 110573734 A CN110573734 A CN 110573734A CN 201880028242 A CN201880028242 A CN 201880028242A CN 110573734 A CN110573734 A CN 110573734A
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- lubricating oil
- oil
- hermetic
- refrigeration compressor
- refrigeration
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
- F04B35/04—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
- F25B31/002—Lubrication
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
- C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/02—Well-defined hydrocarbons
- C10M105/06—Well-defined hydrocarbons aromatic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
- C10M105/18—Ethers, e.g. epoxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
- C10M105/32—Esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
- C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M107/30—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M107/32—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Polyesters; Polyethers
- C10M107/34—Polyoxyalkylenes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M111/00—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M111/02—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a non-macromolecular organic compound
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/02—Lubrication
- F04B39/0215—Lubrication characterised by the use of a special lubricant
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/02—Lubrication
- F04B39/0223—Lubrication characterised by the compressor type
- F04B39/023—Hermetic compressors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
- F25B31/02—Compressor arrangements of motor-compressor units
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2290/00—Mixtures of base materials or thickeners or additives
- C10M2290/02—Mineral base oils; Mixtures of fractions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2290/00—Mixtures of base materials or thickeners or additives
- C10M2290/04—Synthetic base oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/30—Refrigerators lubricants or compressors lubricants
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Compressor (AREA)
Abstract
The hermetic refrigeration compressor (100) includes a compression element (107) housed in a hermetic container (101) and compressing a refrigerant; and an electric element (106) driving the compression element (107). The lubricating oil (103) is stored in the closed container (101). The lubricating oil (103) is a mixed oil made of at least a mineral oil and a synthetic oil. The lubricating oil (103) has a viscosity at 40 ℃ of 0.1 to 5.1mm2A dynamic viscosity in the range of/s and a flash point of 110 ℃ or above.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a hermetic refrigeration compressor using a low viscosity lubricating oil and having high efficiency, and a refrigeration apparatus including the hermetic refrigeration compressor.
Background
From the viewpoint of global environmental protection, high-efficiency refrigeration compressors that reduce the use of fossil fuels have been developed in recent years. For example, in order to improve the efficiency of a refrigeration compressor, it is proposed to use a lubricating oil having a lower viscosity.
for example, PTL1 and PTL 2 both disclose a specific ester-containing composition as a refrigerator lubricating oil composition having low viscosity, high lubricity, and excellent long-term stability in a low temperature range. The dynamic viscosity of the lubricating oil composition at 40 ℃ is 6 to 28mm2In the range of/s.
It is known that when a lubricating oil having a relatively low viscosity is used in a refrigeration compressor, wear, seizing, and the like occur on a sliding member constituting a sliding portion. Therefore, a technique of imparting wear resistance to a sliding member or lubricating oil has been proposed.
For example, PTL3 discloses that, in order to prevent wear, seizing, and the like at sliding members when using lubricating oil having a low viscosity, pistons and connecting rods constituting sliding portions are composed of an iron-based sintered material and subjected to steam treatment, a steam layer is cut off and removed from the surface of the piston, and the connecting rods are subjected to nitriding treatment after the steam treatment.
PTL3 discloses that the dynamic viscosity of a lubricating oil at 40 ℃ is preferably 3 to 10mm2In the range of/s. PTL3 discloses: when the dynamic viscosity of the lubricating oil is less than 3mm2At/s, the viscosity of the lubricating oil becomes low when the refrigerant melts, and the oil film cannot be sufficiently maintained; therefore, lubricity is deteriorated, and the sealing performance of the compression portion cannot be maintained.
PTL4 discloses that a predetermined amount of a specific phosphorus compound is added to a lubricating base oil in order to improve the wear resistance of a refrigerator oil. PTL4 discloses that the dynamic viscosity of a lubricant base oil at 40 ℃ is preferably in the range of 3 to 300mm2In the range of/s.
Reference list
Patent document
PTL 1: japanese laid-open patent application publication No.: 2006-160781
PTL 2: japanese laid-open patent application publication No.: 2006-328275
PTL 3: japanese laid-open patent application publication No.: 2011-021530
PTL 4: japanese laid-open patent application publication No.: 2013-203988
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem
Recently, lubricating oils having a viscosity lower than the lower limit of the dynamic viscosity range disclosed in PTL1 to PTL4 have been considered for use as lubricating oils for refrigeration compressors.
When the viscosity of the lubricating oil is lowered, the volatility of the lubricating oil becomes high. Therefore, as the viscosity of the lubricating oil decreases, the flash point of the lubricating oil decreases. If the flash point of the oil is reduced, extra care is required in handling the oil to avoid fire. Further, the low-distillation components contained in the lubricating oil may evaporate first, and this may increase the viscosity of the lubricating oil. Therefore, special storage conditions are required. As described above, lowering the viscosity of the lubricating oil results in deterioration of the operability of the lubricating oil. Therefore, the efficiency of the refrigeration compressor is also deteriorated.
As is clear from the fact that PTL1 to PTL4 do not describe deterioration in operability of lubricating oil and deterioration in performance of a refrigeration compressor due to deterioration in operability of lubricating oil, such deterioration is rarely described.
The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a hermetic refrigeration compressor capable of realizing high performance even when a lubricating oil having a relatively low viscosity is used, and a refrigeration apparatus including the hermetic refrigeration compressor.
Solution to the problem
In order to solve the above problems, a hermetic refrigeration compressor according to the present invention includes: a compression element accommodated in the hermetic container and configured to compress a refrigerant; and an electrical element configured to drive the compression element. Lubricating oil is stored in the closed container. The lubricating oil is a mixed oil composed of at least a mineral oil and a synthetic oil. The dynamic viscosity of the lubricating oil at 40 ℃ is 0.1-5.1 mm2In the range of/s. The lubricating oil has a flash point of 110 ℃ or above.
According to the above configuration, the main component (base oil) of the lubricating oil is not a mineral oil but a mixed oil composed of a mineral oil and a synthetic oil. When the mineral oil and the synthetic oil are mixed with each other, the dynamic viscosity is adjusted to fall within the above range, and the lower limit of the flash point is adjusted to the above value. Thereby, a lubricating oil having a low viscosity and a high flash point is obtained, and therefore, deterioration of the operability of the lubricating oil can be effectively suppressed. Therefore, by using the lubricating oil, the efficiency of the hermetic refrigeration compressor can be improved. Further, even in the case of using a lubricating oil having a relatively low viscosity, high performance can be achieved.
Furthermore, the invention comprises a refrigeration device comprising a hermetic refrigeration compressor as constructed above. Therefore, the present invention can provide a refrigerating apparatus having high performance and high efficiency.
Advantageous effects of the invention
With the above configuration, the present invention has an advantage of being able to provide a hermetic refrigeration compressor capable of realizing high performance even when a lubricating oil having a low viscosity is used, and a refrigeration apparatus including such a hermetic refrigeration compressor.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of a typical configuration of a hermetic refrigeration compressor according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a typical configuration of a refrigeration apparatus according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The hermetic refrigeration compressor according to the present invention comprises: a compression element accommodated in the hermetic container and configured to compress a refrigerant; and an electrical element configured to drive the compression element. The lubricating oil is stored in the closed container. The lubricating oil is a mixed oil composed of at least mineral oil and synthetic oil. The dynamic viscosity of the lubricating oil at 40 ℃ is 0.1-5.1 mm2In the range of/s. The lubricating oil has a flash point of 110 ℃ or higher.
According to the above configuration, the main component (base oil) of the lubricating oil is not a mineral oil but a mixed oil composed of a mineral oil and a synthetic oil. When the mineral oil and the synthetic oil are mixed with each other, the dynamic viscosity is adjusted to fall within the above range, and the lower limit of the flash point is adjusted to the above value. Thereby obtaining a lubricating oil having a low viscosity and a high flash point, and therefore, deterioration of the operability of the lubricating oil can be effectively suppressed. Therefore, by using the lubricating oil, the efficiency of the hermetic refrigeration compressor can be improved. Further, even in the case of using a lubricating oil having a relatively low viscosity, high performance can be achieved.
In the hermetic refrigeration compressor configured as above, the content of the synthetic oil in the lubricating oil may be in the range of 0.1 to 40.0 wt.% of the total amount of the lubricating oil.
According to the above configuration, in the case where the content of the synthetic oil is set to fall within the above range, the dynamic viscosity of the lubricating oil and the lower limits of the flash point of the lubricating oil can be easily adjusted to fall within the above respective numerical ranges.
In the hermetic refrigeration compressor constructed as above, the synthetic oil may be selected from at least one of the group consisting of ester oil, ether oil, polyalkylene glycol oil, and alkylbenzene oil.
According to the above configuration, by mixing at least one synthetic oil selected from the above group with mineral oil, the dynamic viscosity of the lubricating oil and the lower limit of the flash point of the lubricating oil can be easily adjusted to fall within the above respective numerical ranges.
In the hermetic refrigeration compressor configured as above, at least one of additives (an extreme pressure additive, an oiliness agent, a defoaming agent, and a stabilizer) may be added to the lubricating oil.
According to the above configuration, by adding such additives to the lubricating oil, the performance of the lubricating oil is improved, and the reliability of the hermetic refrigeration compressor is improved.
In the hermetic refrigeration compressor configured as above, the content of the additive may be in the range of 0.1 to 4.0 wt.% of the total amount of the lubricating oil.
According to the above configuration, by adjusting the content of the additive added to the lubricating oil within the above range, the performance of the lubricating oil can be improved by an appropriate amount of the additive. Therefore, the reliability of the hermetic refrigeration compressor can be improved.
In the hermetic refrigeration compressor constructed as above, the lubricating oil may have a distillation characteristic in which the distillation interval is 200 to 400 ℃.
According to the above configuration, when the distillation characteristics of the lubricating oil have the above distillation range, the tendency of lowering of the flash point of the lubricating oil can be more effectively suppressed, and the stability of the lubricating oil can be satisfactory. Therefore, the operability of the lubricating oil can be made more suitable.
Further, the refrigeration apparatus according to the present invention includes any one of the hermetic refrigeration compressors constructed as above. Thus, the refrigerating apparatus includes a hermetic refrigerating compressor having high efficiency and high efficiency, and thus, the present invention can provide a refrigerating apparatus having high performance and high efficiency.
Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description and drawings, the same reference numerals are used for the same or corresponding members, and repetition of the same description is avoided.
Example 1
Structure of refrigeration compressor
First, a typical example of the refrigeration compressor according to embodiment 1 will be specifically described with reference to fig. 1. Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a refrigeration compressor 100 according to embodiment 1.
As shown in fig. 1, refrigerant gas 102 is filled in hermetic container 101 of refrigeration compressor 100, and lubricating oil 103 is reserved in the bottom of hermetic container 101. In the present invention, as described below, for example, a hydrocarbon refrigerant is used as the refrigerant gas 102, and a mixed oil composed of at least mineral oil and synthetic oil is used as the lubricating oil 103. Electric element 106 and compression element 107 are accommodated in hermetic container 101. The electric element 106 includes a stator 104 and a rotor 105. The compression element 107 is of a reciprocating type driven by the electric element 106.
Compression element 107 includes crankshaft 108, cylinder block 112, piston 115, and the like. The configuration of the compressing element 107 will be described below.
Crankshaft 108 is composed of at least main shaft 109 and eccentric shaft 110. The main shaft 109 is press-fitted and fixed to the rotor 105. Eccentric shaft 110 is formed eccentrically with respect to main shaft 109. An oil feed pump 111 connected to the lubricating oil 103 is provided at the lower end of the crankshaft 108.
The cylinder block 112 is made of cast iron. The cylinder block 112 forms a substantially cylindrical bore 113 and includes a bearing 114 that supports the main shaft 109.
Rotor 105 includes a flange face 116 and the upper end face of bearing 114 is a thrust face 117. A thrust washer 118 is interposed between flange face 116 and thrust face 117 of bearing 114. The flange face 116, thrust face 117 and thrust washer 118 comprise a thrust bearing 119.
The piston 115 is loosely fitted into the bore 113 with a certain amount of clearance and is made of an iron-based material. The piston 115 forms a compression chamber 120 together with the bore 113. The piston 115 is coupled to the eccentric shaft 110 via a piston pin 121 by a connecting rod 122 as a coupling. The end face of hole 113 is sealed by valve plate 123.
The head 124 forms a high pressure chamber. Head 124 is fixed to valve plate 123 at the opposite side of bore 113. A suction pipe (not shown) is fixed to the hermetic container 101 and connected to a low pressure side (not shown) of the refrigeration cycle. The suction pipe introduces refrigerant gas 102 into hermetic container 101. Suction muffler 125 is sandwiched between valve plate 123 and head 124.
The cluster 127 is connected by wires 126 to the stator 104 that makes up the electrical element 106. Terminal 128 is provided at hermetic container 101 so as to penetrate hermetic container 101 from the inside to the outside. Cluster 127 is coupled to terminal 128. Thereby, electric power is supplied from a commercial power supply (not shown) to the electric element 106.
The type of refrigerant gas 102 used in the refrigeration compressor 100 according to the present invention is not particularly limited, but the above-described hydrocarbon refrigerant is preferably used. Specific examples of the hydrocarbon refrigerant include R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane), R600 (butane), and R1270 (propylene), but the hydrocarbon refrigerant is not particularly limited. Typical examples of hydrocarbon refrigerants include R600a and R290.
As described below, the refrigeration compressor 100 according to the present invention uses the lubricating oil 103 having a low viscosity and a high flash point. As described above, lubricating oil 103 is a mixed oil composed of mineral oil and synthetic oil. The refrigerant gas 102 is used in a refrigerant circuit (refrigeration cycle; see example 2) including the refrigerant compressor 100. Refrigerant gas 102 and lubricating oil 103 are present in hermetic container 101 in a state in which refrigerant gas 102 and lubricating oil 103 can contact and mix with each other. Therefore, the refrigerant gas 102 and the lubricating oil 103 can be used as the working medium constituting the refrigerant cycle. The working medium for the refrigeration cycle contains a refrigeration component and a lubricating oil component, and may further include other components.
In the refrigeration compressor 100 according to the present invention, a plurality of resin members as a plurality of members housed in the hermetic container 101 are included. The resin member is not particularly limited as long as the resin member is composed of at least a resin (i.e., a polymer). Typical examples of the resin member include a suction muffler 125, an insulating member connected to the electric element 106, and a cluster 127.
These resin members may be constituted only by resin (polymer). However, for example, the resin member may be constituted by a composite material containing a different material such as a fiber material or a filler, in addition to the resin. For example, the cluster 127 is a member made of polyester resin containing glass fibers. Similarly, the suction muffler 125 is, for example, a member made of polyester resin containing glass fibers.
The resin (polymer) constituting the resin member is not particularly limited. Specific examples of the resin (polymer) include polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), Polyamide (PA), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), and liquid crystal polymers (liquid crystal polyester (LCP)). Since such a resin is excellent in heat resistance, cold resistance, oil resistance, and the like, it is preferable to use such a resin as a material of the resin member accommodated in the closed casing 101. The resin material constituting the resin member need only be one type of resin, but may also be a polymer alloy (polymer blend) prepared by appropriately combining two or more types of resins. In addition, known additives may be contained in the resin constituting the resin member.
As described above, examples of the different materials contained in the resin member include a fiber material and a filler. Examples of the fiber material include aramid fibers, nylon fibers, polyester fibers, glass fibers, and carbon fibers. However, the fiber material is not particularly limited. Only one type of fiber material may be used, or two or more types of fiber materials may be used in combination as appropriate. The filler need only be in the form of granules or powder, but may also be in the form of short fibres. In some cases, fibrous materials are used as fillers. Specific examples of the filler include inorganic fillers such as silica, silicate, clay, gypsum, alumina, titanium dioxide, talc, and carbon black. However, the filler is not particularly limited.
An example of the operation of the refrigeration compressor 100 according to the present invention will be described below. First, electric power is supplied from a commercial power supply (not shown) to the electric element 106 through the terminal 128 and the cluster 127, and this rotates the rotor 105 of the electric element 106. Rotor 105 rotates crankshaft 108, and the eccentric motion of eccentric shaft 110 drives piston 115 through connecting rod 122 and piston pin 121 as a coupling.
Piston 115 reciprocates in hole 113, whereby refrigerant gas 102 introduced into hermetic container 101 through a suction pipe (not shown) is sucked from suction muffler 125 and compressed in compression chamber 120. As crankshaft 108 rotates, lubricating oil 103 is supplied from oil feed pump 111 to each sliding portion. Therefore, the sliding portion is lubricated, and the lubricating oil 103 serves as a seal between the piston 115 and the inner bore 113.
Structure of lubricating oil
In recent years, measures have been taken to further improve the efficiency, that is, for example, oil having a relatively low viscosity is used as the lubricating oil 103. As described above, in the present invention, the lubricating oil 103 used in the refrigeration compressor 100 is a mixed oil composed of at least mineral oil and synthetic oil. The dynamic viscosity of the lubricating oil 103 (mixed oil) at 40 ℃ is 0.1 to 5.1mm2In the range of/s and is relatively lower than the dynamic viscosity of conventional oils. Further, the flash point of the lubricating oil 103 is 110 ℃ or more.
The lubricating oil 103 according to the present invention contains a mineral oil as a main component and a synthetic oil as a sub-component, and may contain other components. Thus, the lubricating oil 103 according to the present invention is a lubricating oil composition comprising a mineral oil and a synthetic oil. The content (content ratio) of the mineral oil in the lubricating oil 103 is not particularly limited, but the content of the mineral oil in the lubricating oil 103 only needs to be set so that the mineral oil is regarded as a "main component" in the lubricating oil 103 (lubricating oil composition) as a whole. Further, the content (content ratio) of the synthetic oil in the lubricating oil 103 is not particularly limited, but the content of the synthetic oil in the lubricating oil 103 only needs to be set to: so that the synthetic oil is treated as a "subcomponent" in the overall lubricating oil 103 (lubricating oil composition); and the content of the synthetic oil is less than that of the mineral oil.
In the case where the total amount of the lubricating oil 103 is regarded as 100 wt.%, the content of the synthetic oil as a sub-component only needs to be in the range of, for example, 0.1 to 40.0 wt.%, preferably in the range of 1 to 35 wt.%, more preferably in the range of 5 to 25 wt.%. Further, the content of the mineral oil as a main component in the lubricating oil 103 need only be larger than that of the synthetic oil. For example, as described above, when the synthetic oil is contained in an amount of 40.0 wt.% or less of the total amount of the lubricating oil 103, the content of the mineral oil need only exceed 40.0 wt.% of the total amount of the lubricating oil 103, and may be, for example, 50 wt.% or more.
In the present invention, the mixing (blending) of the synthetic oil with the mineral oil causes a decrease in the viscosity of the lubricating oil 103, and in addition, prevents a decrease in the flash point of the lubricating oil 103. Therefore, in the case where the content of the lubricating oil is set to fall within the above range, the dynamic viscosity of the lubricating oil 103 and the lower limit of the flash point of the lubricating oil 103 can be easily adjusted to fall within the above respective numerical ranges.
The kind of the mineral oil and the synthetic oil constituting the lubricating oil 103 is not particularly limited. Common examples of mineral oils include paraffinic mineral oils and naphthenic mineral oils. In the present invention, either a paraffinic mineral oil or a naphthenic mineral oil may be used, or a mixture of a paraffinic mineral oil and a naphthenic mineral oil may be used. Further, a plurality of types of paraffinic mineral oils having different physical properties may be used in combination. Similarly, a plurality of types of naphthenic mineral oils having different physical properties may be used in combination. Furthermore, mixtures of combinations of different paraffinic mineral oils and combinations of different naphthenic mineral oils may be used.
Specific examples of the synthetic oil include poly- α -olefin oils, alkylbenzene oils, ester oils, ether oils, polyalkylene glycol oils, fluorinated synthetic oils, and silicon synthetic oils. However, the synthetic oil is not particularly limited. Only one type of synthetic oil may be selected and mixed with the mineral oil, or a combination of multiple types of synthetic oils may be mixed with the mineral oil.
In the present invention, it is preferable to use at least one selected from the group consisting of ester oils, ether oils, polyalkylene glycol oils and alkylbenzene oils. By mixing at least one of these synthetic oils with mineral oil, the dynamic viscosity of the lubricating oil 103 and the lower limit of the flash point of the lubricating oil 103 can be easily adjusted to fall within the respective numerical ranges described above. Depending on the type of synthetic oil, lubricating oil 103 may have properties other than the lower limits of dynamic viscosity and flash point. For example, when ester oil having polarity is selected as the synthetic oil and mixed with mineral oil, the lubricating oil 103 can be made to have polarity.
in the present invention, the lubricating oil 103 is produced by mixing at least mineral oil and synthetic oil with each other. Thus, as described above, the dynamic viscosity of the lubricating oil 103 at 40 ℃ is adjusted to be 0.1 to 5.1mm2the flash point of the lubricating oil 103 is adjusted to 110 ℃ or higher in the range of/s. The dynamic viscosity of the lubricating oil 103 at 40 ℃ is not particularly limited as long as it falls within the above range. However, a preferable example is that the dynamic viscosity of the lubricating oil 103 at 40 ℃ is 0.1 to 4.5mm2In the range of/s, a more preferable example is a lubricating oil 103 having a dynamic viscosity of 0.1mm at 40 ℃2(ii) s or more and less than 3.0 mm2In the range of/s. In the present invention, the dynamic viscosity was measured based on JIS K2283.
If the dynamic viscosity of the lubricating oil 103 at 40 ℃ exceeds 5.1mm2And/s, this does not mean that the viscosity of the lubricating oil 103 is reduced. Therefore, the effect of improving efficiency by reducing viscosity cannot be sufficiently obtained. On the contrary, if the dynamic viscosity of the lubricating oil 103 at 40 ℃ is less than 0.1mm2And/s, the lubricating effect of lubricating oil 103 may not be sufficiently obtained.
Similarly, in the present invention, the lower limit of the flash point of the lubricating oil 103 is not particularly limited as long as it is 110 ℃ or more. However, a preferable example is 120 ℃ or more, and a more preferable example is 150 ℃ or more. In the present invention, the flash point was measured based on JIS K2265. If the lower limit of the flash point of the lubricating oil 103 is less than 110 c, more extreme fire protection is required when handling the lubricating oil 103. Further, if special storage conditions are not satisfied, the viscosity of the lubricating oil 103 may increase with time. Therefore, the operability of the lubricating oil 103 is deteriorated.
Specifically, if the flash point of the lubricating oil 103 is lowered, the amount of low distillation components contained in the lubricating oil 103 is increased. Therefore, if the lubricating oil 103 is stored under normal conditions, the low-distillation components contained in the lubricating oil 103 may evaporate first, and this may increase the viscosity of the lubricating oil 103 with time. Lubricating oils 103 in general are stored under low vacuum and high temperature conditions, e.g. 10-2Pa of air pressure and 40 to 60 DEG CThe temperature range. However, if the flash point of the lubricating oil 103 is low, the low distillation components evaporate under such low vacuum and high temperature conditions, and this increases the viscosity with time. Therefore, special storage conditions using chemical filters are required.
More preferably, the predetermined distillation characteristics are satisfied in addition to the range of the dynamic viscosity of the lubricating oil 103 at 40 ℃ and the lower limit of the flash point of the lubricating oil 103. Specifically, it is preferable that the lubricating oil 103 according to the present invention has a distillation characteristic in which the distillation interval is 200 to 400 ℃ (i.e., a distillation characteristic in which the initial boiling point is 200 ℃ and the end point is 400 ℃). In the present invention, distillation characteristics were measured based on JIS K2254.
Since mineral oil is basically a mixture of various oily substances, mineral oil has various distillation characteristics. However, since the synthetic oil is basically composed of one type of synthetic compound (or several types of synthetic compounds), one distillation property (or several distillation properties) is determined. Therefore, by mixing the synthetic oil with the mineral oil, the distillation characteristics of the lubricating oil 103 as the mixed oil can be adjusted to fall within the above-described distillation range. It is noted that the mineral oil may also be refined to within the above distillation ranges as desired.
In the present invention, when the lubricating oil 103 satisfies the conditions for distillation characteristics in addition to the basic conditions for the lower limit values of the dynamic viscosity and the flash point at 40 ℃, the amount of the low distillation component contained in the lubricating oil 103 can be made smaller. Therefore, the tendency of the flash point of the lubricating oil 103 to decrease can be more effectively suppressed, and the stability of the lubricating oil 103 can be satisfactory. As a result, the operability of the lubricating oil 103 can be further applied.
As described above, the lubricating oil 103 according to the present invention is a lubricating oil composition composed of a mineral oil and a synthetic oil, and may contain components other than the mineral oil and the synthetic oil. Specific examples of such components include various additives known in the art of lubricating oils 103.
The additive is not particularly limited, but is, for example, at least one of an extreme pressure additive, an oiliness agent, an antifoaming agent, and a stabilizer. By adding such an additive to a mixed oil composed of a mineral oil and a synthetic oil, the performance of lubricating oil 103 is improved, and the reliability of refrigeration compressor 100 is improved.
The amount of the additive added (content of the additive) is not particularly limited. In the present invention, the amount of the additive added only needs to be in the range of 0.1 to 4.0 wt.% of the total amount of the lubricating oil 103. If the content of the additive is less than 0.1 wt% of the total amount of the lubricating oil 103, the amount of the additive added may be too small, and thus, the effect of the additive may not be sufficiently obtained, although it depends on the type of the additive. In contrast, if the content of the additive exceeds 4.0 wt.% of the total amount of the lubricating oil 103, the effect corresponding to the amount of the additive added may not be obtained, although it depends on the type of the additive. Furthermore, since the content of the additive is too large, this may affect other physical properties of the lubricating oil 103.
In the present invention, a typical example of the additive is a stabilizer. By adding the stabilizer, the physical properties of the lubricating oil 103 having a low viscosity and a high flash point can be satisfactorily stabilized. In the present invention, examples of the stabilizer include an acidic scavenger and fullerene.
The acid scavenger is used to prevent a case where a base oil (i.e., a mixed oil composed of a mineral oil and a synthetic oil) is deteriorated by water or oxygen, and this increases an acid value. By suppressing deterioration of the mixed oil (base oil) by adding the acid scavenger, the dynamic viscosity of the lubricating oil 103 at 40 ℃ can be effectively prevented from falling outside the above range.
The specific type of the acid scavenger is not particularly limited, and known acid scavengers can be suitably used. Since fullerene has an effect of suppressing the flash point reduction of the lubricating oil 103, fullerene can be used as a "flash point reduction inhibitor". Therefore, the lowering of the flash point of the lubricating oil 103 can be further effectively suppressed by adding the fullerene.
The amount of the acidic scavenger and/or fullerene added as the stabilizer need only be in the range of 0.1 to 4.0 wt.% of the total amount of the lubricating oil 103. By adjusting the amount of the stabilizer added (i.e., the content of the stabilizer) within the above range, the performance of the lubricating oil 103 can be improved by an appropriate amount of the stabilizer. Therefore, the reliability of the refrigeration compressor 100 can be further improved.
As described above, in the refrigeration compressor 100 according to the present invention, the electric element 106, the compression element 107, and the like are accommodated in the hermetic container 101, and the lubricating oil 103 is stored in the hermetic container 101. The lubricating oil 103 is a mixed oil composed of at least a mineral oil and a synthetic oil. The dynamic viscosity of the lubricating oil 103 at 40 ℃ is 0.1 to 5.1mm2In the range of/s and the flash point of the lubricating oil 103 is 110 ℃ or more.
The base oil of the lubricating oil 103 is not a mineral oil, but a mixed oil composed of a mineral oil and a synthetic oil. When the mineral oil and the synthetic oil are mixed with each other, the dynamic viscosity is adjusted to fall within the above range, and the lower limit of the flash point is adjusted to become the above value. Thereby, the lubricating oil 103 having a low viscosity and a high flash point is obtained, and therefore, deterioration of the operability of the lubricating oil 103 can be effectively suppressed. Therefore, by using the lubricating oil 103, the efficiency of the refrigeration compressor 100 can be improved. Further, even in the case of using the lubricating oil 103 having a relatively low viscosity, high performance can be achieved.
In embodiment 1, the refrigeration compressor 100 is configured such that the electric element 106 is arranged above the compression element 107. However, needless to say, the refrigeration compressor according to the present invention may also be configured such that the electric element 106 is disposed below the compression element 107. When a refrigeration compressor to which the present invention is applied is configured to be able to use the above-described lubricating oil 103, such a refrigeration compressor can obtain the same operational advantages as embodiment 1.
As described above, in embodiment 1, the refrigeration compressor 100 is of the reciprocating type. However, needless to say, the refrigeration compressor according to the present invention is not limited to the reciprocating type, and may be of a known type, such as a rotary type, a scroll type, or a vibration type. When a refrigeration compressor to which the present invention is applied is configured to be able to use the above-described lubricating oil 103, such a refrigeration compressor can obtain the same operational advantages as embodiment 1.
In embodiment 1, the refrigeration compressor 100 is driven by a commercial power supply. However, the refrigeration compressor according to the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be driven by an inverter at a plurality of driving frequencies, for example. Even when the refrigeration compressor is configured as above, high lubricity can be achieved by using the above-described lubricating oil 103. Therefore, even in the low-speed driving in which the amount of oil supplied to each sliding portion is reduced or in the high-speed driving in which the rotational frequency of the electric element is increased, the reliability of the refrigeration compressor can be improved.
Example 2
In embodiment 2, an example of a refrigeration apparatus including the refrigeration compressor 100 described in embodiment 1 will be specifically explained with reference to fig. 2. Fig. 2 schematically shows a schematic configuration of a refrigeration apparatus 200 including the refrigeration compressor 100 according to embodiment 1. Thus, embodiment 2 schematically describes the basic configuration of the refrigeration apparatus 200. However, needless to say, the specific configuration of the refrigeration apparatus 200 is not limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 2, the refrigeration apparatus 200 of embodiment 2 includes a main body 206, a partition wall 209, a refrigerant circuit 201 (refrigeration cycle), and the like. The main body 206 includes a heat insulating cabinet, a door body, and the like. The cabinet includes an opening on one surface thereof, and the door opens and closes the opening of the cabinet. The inside of the main body 206 is divided into a storage space 207 for articles and a machine room 208 by a partition wall 209. A blower (not shown) is provided in the storage space 207. It should be noted that the inside of the main body 206 may be divided into spaces other than the storage space 207 and the machine room 208, for example.
The refrigerant circuit 201 (refrigeration cycle) is configured to cool the inside of the storage space 207, and includes, for example, the refrigeration compressor 100, the radiator 202, the pressure reducer 203, and the heat absorber 204 described in embodiment 1. The refrigerant compressor 100, the radiator 202, the pressure reducer 203, and the heat absorber 204 are looped to each other through a pipe 205. The heat sink 204 is disposed inside the storage space 207. As indicated by the broken line in fig. 2, the cooling heat of the heat absorber 204 is agitated by a blower (not shown) so as to circulate in the storage space 207. Thereby, the inside of the storage space 207 is cooled.
as described above, the refrigeration apparatus 200 according to embodiment 2 includes the refrigerant circuit 201, and the refrigerant circuit 201 includes the refrigeration compressor 100 according to embodiment 1. As described in embodiment 1, the efficiency of the refrigeration compressor 100 is improved by using the lubricating oil 103 having a low viscosity and a high flash point. Therefore, the refrigeration apparatus 200 according to embodiment 2 can reduce power consumption. Therefore, energy saving can be achieved and reliability can be improved.
The refrigeration apparatus 200 described in embodiment 2 is one example of the refrigeration apparatus according to the present invention (i.e., the refrigeration apparatus including the refrigeration compressor according to the present invention). Needless to say, the present invention is not limited to the refrigerating apparatus 200. Examples of the refrigeration apparatus according to the present invention include refrigerators (home, business), dehumidifiers, showcases, ice makers, heat pump water heaters, heat pump washing/drying machines, vending machines, and air conditioners.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and may be changed in various ways within the scope of the claims, and embodiments obtained by appropriately combining technical means disclosed in different embodiments and/or a plurality of modified examples are included in the technical scope of the present invention.
Many modifications and other embodiments of the invention will come to mind to one skilled in the art to which this invention pertains having the benefit of the teachings presented in the foregoing descriptions. Therefore, the foregoing description should be construed as exemplary only and is provided for the purpose of teaching those skilled in the art the best mode for carrying out the invention. The details of construction and/or function may be varied substantially within the scope of the invention.
Industrial applicability
The present invention can be widely and suitably applied to the field of a refrigeration compressor using a lubricating oil having a low viscosity and a refrigeration apparatus including such a refrigeration compressor.
List of reference numerals
100 refrigeration compressor
101 closed container
102 refrigerant gas
103 lubricating oil
104 stator
105 rotor
106 electric element
107 compression element
200 refrigeration equipment
201 refrigerant circuit
202 radiator
203 pressure reducer
204 heat sink
205 pipeline
Claims (7)
1. A hermetic refrigeration compressor comprising:
A compression element accommodated in the hermetic container and configured to compress a refrigerant; and
An electrical component configured to drive the compression component, characterized in that:
Lubricating oil is stored in the closed container;
The lubricating oil is a mixed oil composed of at least mineral oil and synthetic oil;
The dynamic viscosity of the lubricating oil at 40 ℃ is 0.1-5.1 mm2in the range of/s; and
The lubricating oil has a flash point of 110 ℃ or above.
2. The hermetic refrigerant compressor according to claim 1, wherein the content of the synthetic oil in the lubricating oil is in the range of 0.1 to 40.0 wt.% of the total amount of the lubricating oil.
3. The hermetic refrigerant compressor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the synthetic oil is at least one selected from the group consisting of ester oil, ether oil, polyalkylene glycol oil and alkylbenzene oil.
4. The hermetic refrigerant compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein at least one of additives is added to the lubricating oil, the additives being an extreme pressure additive, an oiliness agent, a defoaming agent, and a stabilizer.
5. The hermetic refrigerant compressor according to claim 4, wherein the content of the additive is in the range of 0.1 to 4.0 wt.% of the total amount of the lubricating oil.
6. A hermetic refrigeration compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the lubricating oil has distillation characteristics with a distillation interval of 200 to 400 ℃.
7. Refrigeration appliance comprising a hermetic refrigeration compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017-089973 | 2017-04-28 | ||
| JP2017089973 | 2017-04-28 | ||
| PCT/JP2018/016908 WO2018199204A1 (en) | 2017-04-28 | 2018-04-26 | Hermetically sealed refrigerant compressor and refrigeration device using same |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110573734A true CN110573734A (en) | 2019-12-13 |
Family
ID=63919157
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201880028242.8A Pending CN110573734A (en) | 2017-04-28 | 2018-04-26 | Sealed refrigeration compressor and refrigeration equipment comprising same |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20200141616A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3617504A4 (en) |
| JP (2) | JPWO2018199204A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN110573734A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2018199204A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3617504A4 (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2020-04-22 | Panasonic Appliances Refrigeration Devices Singapore | Hermetically sealed refrigerant compressor and refrigeration device using same |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2018199204A1 (en) | 2018-11-01 |
| EP3617504A1 (en) | 2020-03-04 |
| JP2021080926A (en) | 2021-05-27 |
| EP3617504A4 (en) | 2020-04-22 |
| JPWO2018199204A1 (en) | 2020-03-19 |
| US20200141616A1 (en) | 2020-05-07 |
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